CN108226608A - A kind of PWM inverter DC bus current evaluation method and system - Google Patents
A kind of PWM inverter DC bus current evaluation method and system Download PDFInfo
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- CN108226608A CN108226608A CN201711217272.7A CN201711217272A CN108226608A CN 108226608 A CN108226608 A CN 108226608A CN 201711217272 A CN201711217272 A CN 201711217272A CN 108226608 A CN108226608 A CN 108226608A
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- G01R—MEASURING ELECTRIC VARIABLES; MEASURING MAGNETIC VARIABLES
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- G01R19/0092—Arrangements for measuring currents or voltages or for indicating presence or sign thereof measuring current only
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Abstract
The present invention relates to a kind of PWM inverter DC bus current evaluation method and system, the method that this system uses is:In a switch periods, the respective action time accounting of three-phase phase current is calculated according to the relationship of three-phase phase current and bus current, then using the weighted average of three-phase phase current sampling value as DC bus current discreet value, the weight coefficient of wherein phase current is respectively respective action time accounting, in order to obtain more accurate dc bus estimated value, further include and current sample compensation of delay and efficiency compensation are carried out to discreet value.
Description
Technical field
The present invention relates to PWM inverter DC bus current fields of measurement, and in particular to a kind of PWM inverter dc bus
Current estimating method and system.
Background technology
In New-energy electric vehicle, the bus current of motor is a safety-related important physical amount, and need
Electric machine controller is uploaded to entire car controller in real time.Although bus current value can be obtained in real time using Hall sensor,
It is that can undoubtedly increase additional cost, and sensor may be protected from environmental and damage.Therefore from safety and reliability
For angle, DC bus current is calculated using the method for estimation, does not need to increase additional hardware, while also improve system
Reliability.
Invention content
In view of this, the present invention provides a kind of PWM inverter DC bus current evaluation method and system.
To achieve these goals, the technical solution that the present invention takes is as follows:
The present invention discloses a kind of PWM inverter DC bus current evaluation method, it is characterised in that:The method and step
It is as follows:
1) according to the relationship of three-phase phase current and bus current, in a switch periods T, three-phase current i is calculateda, ib,
icAction time in busbar is ta, tb, tc;
2) estimated value that DC bus current is calculated according to action time is:
Wherein K is integer more than 1, γa, γb, γcThe direction of three-phase current is represented, if consistent with the direction of bus current take
1, on the contrary take -1;
3) delay according to existing for the Digital Realization of PWM inverter, current sample, does DC bus current estimated value
Following adjustment:
ta1=λ ta((k-1)T)+(1-λ)ta(kT);tb1=λ tb((k-1)T)+(1-λ)tb(kT);
tc1=λ tc((k-1)T)+(1-λ)tc(kT);
Obtaining result is:
4) in above-mentioned steps 3) estimation result in add in efficiency compensation factor η, last estimation result is:Wherein ω is motor speed.
In the above-mentioned technical solutions, in the step 1), action time of the three-phase current in busbar will meet ta+tb+tc
≤T。
In the above-mentioned technical solutions, it in the step 3), since current sample is delayed, adds in compensation of delay factor lambda and carries out
Adjustment, if wherein each switch periods starting point performs this estimating algorithm, and in switch periods end point after carrying out current sample
Locate PWM updates, then λ is equal to 0.5;
In the above-mentioned technical solutions, in the step 4), efficiency compensation factor η, be motor speed w variable, η (ω) root
According to series of points { (ωi, η (ωi) interpolation acquisition, wherein η (ωi) motor low speed, middling speed and high speed chosen by experimental calibration,
It is denoted as ω1..., ωn, in rotational speed omegaiUnder operating mode, the practical bus current measured under different torques is IDc, 1, IDc, 2...,
IDc, mWith the bus current of estimationComparison defines error:
η(ωi) it is defined so that Err (wi) reach the η of minimum value, it can be calculated
Invention additionally discloses a kind of PWM inverter DC bus current estimating system, the system comprises:Estimate module,
Delay compensation module, efficiency compensation module;
Module is estimated, according to the relationship of three-phase phase current and bus current, in a switch periods T, calculates three-phase electricity
Flow ia, ib, icAction time in busbar is ta, tb, tc, the estimated value of DC bus current is calculated according to action time
For:
Wherein K is integer more than 1, γa, γb, γcThe direction of three-phase current is represented, if consistent with the direction of bus current take
1, on the contrary take -1;
Delay compensation module, the delay according to existing for the Digital Realization of PWM inverter, current sample, to dc bus
Current estimation value does following adjustment:
ta1=λ ta((k-1)T)+(1-λ)ta(kT);tb1=λ tb((k-1)T)+(1-λ)tb(kT);
tc1=λ tc((k-1)T)+(1-λ)tc(kT);
Obtaining result is:
Efficiency compensation module adds efficiency compensation factor η, last estimation in the result obtained in above-mentioned compensating module
As a result it is:Wherein ω is motor speed.
In the above-mentioned technical solutions, described to estimate in module, action time of the three-phase current in busbar will meet ta+tb+
tc≤T。
In the above-mentioned technical solutions, in the delay compensation module, since current sample is delayed, the compensation of delay factor is added in
λ is adjusted, if wherein each switch periods starting point performs this estimating algorithm, and in switch periods knot after carrying out current sample
PWM updates at spot, then λ is equal to 0.5.
In the above-mentioned technical solutions, in the efficiency compensation module, efficiency compensation factor η, be motor speed w variable, η
(ω) is according to series of points { (ωi, η (ωi) interpolation acquisition, wherein η (ωi) pass through experimental calibration selection motor low speed, middling speed
And at a high speed, it is denoted as ω1..., ωn, in rotational speed omegaiUnder operating mode, the practical bus current measured under different torques is IDc, 1,
IDc, 2..., IDc, mWith the bus current of estimationComparison defines error:η(ωi) it is defined so that Err (wi) reach the η of minimum value, it can be calculated
The present invention provides a kind of PWM inverter DC bus current evaluation method and system, has the advantages that:This
Kind method arithmetic speed is fast, and precision is high.
Description of the drawings
Fig. 1 is a kind of PWM inverter DC bus current evaluation method flow chart of the present invention;
Fig. 2 is a kind of PWM inverter DC bus current estimating system module map of the present invention;
Fig. 3 is a kind of PWM inverter DC bus current evaluation method of the present invention and system inverter space vector of voltage;
Fig. 4 is a kind of PWM inverter DC bus current evaluation method of the present invention and system three-phase voltage source inverter;
Fig. 5 is a kind of PWM inverter DC bus current evaluation method of the present invention and system voltage vector in the IVth sector
In, 7 segmentation SVPWM modulation embodiments.
Specific embodiment
The present invention is described in further detail below in conjunction with the accompanying drawings
A kind of PWM inverter DC bus current evaluation method, the method and step are as follows:
1) according to the relationship of three-phase phase current and bus current, in a switch periods T, three-phase current i is calculateda, ib,
icAction time in busbar is ta, tb, tc;
Wherein, action time of the three-phase current in busbar will meet ta+tb+tc≤T.2) it is calculated according to action time
The estimated value of DC bus current is:
Wherein K is integer more than 1, γa, γb, γcThe direction of three-phase current is represented, if consistent with the direction of bus current take
1, on the contrary take -1;
3) delay according to existing for the Digital Realization of PWM inverter, current sample, does DC bus current estimated value
Following adjustment:
ta1=λ ta((k-1)T)+(1-λ)ta(kT);tb1=λ tb((k-1)T)+(1-λ)tb(kT);
tc1=λ tc((k-1)T)+(1-λ)tc(kT);
Obtaining result is:
Wherein, it since current sample is delayed, adds in compensation of delay factor lambda and is adjusted, if wherein each switch periods
Starting point performs this estimating algorithm, and PWM updates at switch periods end point after carrying out current sample, then λ is equal to 0.5;
4) in above-mentioned steps 3) estimation result in add in efficiency compensation factor η, last estimation result is:Wherein ω is motor speed.
Wherein, efficiency compensation factor η is the variable of motor speed w, and η (ω) is according to series of points { (ωi, η (ωi) insert
Value obtains.
Specifically, having error according to formula (1) estimation electric current and the practical electric current that measures, this error is since system is dead
Area, saturation etc. are non-linear and system effectiveness cannot reach 100% together, it is therefore desirable to introduce compensating factor η and compensate, simultaneously
Need to measure multi-group data during practical calibration according to the optimal η of statistical method calculating.
Wherein, efficiency compensation factor η (ωi), motor low speed, middling speed and high speed are chosen by experimental calibration, are denoted as
ω1..., ωn, in rotational speed omegaiUnder operating mode, the practical bus current measured under different torques is IDc, 1, IDc, 2..., IDc, mWith
The bus current of estimationComparison defines error:η
(ωi) it is defined so that Err (wi) reach the η of minimum value, it can be calculated
Wherein, formula (1) estimates principle to explain bus current, the formula of final estimating algorithm can on its basis into
Row simplification obtains, and compensation of delay factor lambda and efficiency compensation factor η be not high or improve calibration work in DC bus current estimation precision
In the case of making efficiency, without considering.
Invention additionally discloses a kind of PWM inverter DC bus current estimating system, the system comprises:Estimate module,
Delay compensation module, efficiency compensation module;
Module is estimated, according to the relationship of three-phase phase current and bus current, in a switch periods T, calculates three-phase electricity
Flow ia, ib, icAction time in busbar is ta, tb, tc, the estimated value of DC bus current is calculated according to action time
For:
Wherein K is integer more than 1, γa, γb, γcThe direction of three-phase current is represented, if consistent with the direction of bus current take
1, on the contrary take -1;
Delay compensation module, the delay according to existing for the Digital Realization of PWM inverter, current sample, to dc bus
Current estimation value does following adjustment:
ta1=λ ta((k-1)T)+(1-λ)ta(kT);tb1=λ tb((k-1)T)+(1-λ)tb(kT);
tc1=λ tc((k-1)T)+(1-λ)tc(kT);
Obtaining result is:
Efficiency compensation module adds efficiency compensation factor η, last estimation in the result obtained in above-mentioned compensating module
As a result it is:Wherein ω is motor speed.
Wherein, it estimates in module, action time of the three-phase current in busbar will meet ta+tb+tc≤T。
Wherein, delay compensation module since current sample is delayed, adds in compensation of delay factor lambda and is adjusted, if wherein
Each switch periods starting point performs this estimating algorithm, and PWM updates at switch periods end point after carrying out current sample, then λ
Equal to 0.5.
Wherein, in efficiency compensation module, efficiency compensation factor η, be motor speed ω variable, η (ω) is according to a series of
Point { (ωi, η (ωi) interpolation acquisition, wherein η (ωi) by experimental calibration selection motor low speed, middling speed and high speed, it is denoted as
ω1..., ωn, in rotational speed omegaiUnder operating mode, the practical bus current measured under different torques is IDc, 1, IDc, 2..., IDc, mWith
The bus current of estimationComparison defines error:η
(ωi) it is defined so that Err (wi) reach the η of minimum value, it can be calculated
Wherein, in delay compensation module, estimation result formula estimates principle for explanation bus current, final estimating algorithm
Formula can be simplified to obtain on its basis, compensation of delay factor lambda DC bus current estimation precision it is not high or improve
In the case of staking-out work efficiency, without considering;
In efficiency compensation module, efficiency compensation factor η, DC bus current estimation precision it is not high or improve staking-out work
In the case of efficiency, without considering.
System above embodiment is one-to-one, the simple part of system embodiment with embodiment of the method, referring to method reality
Apply example.
In order to be easy to understand the technical means, the creative features, the aims and the efficiencies achieved by the present invention, tie below
Conjunction is specifically illustrating and embodiment, and the present invention is further explained.
Illustrate space vector modulation (SVPWM) technology first.
Modulating vector is divided into 2 zero vectors in 6 sectors and 6 fundamental space vector sums by space vector modulation so that is needed
The space vector to be modulated can be by two adjacent fundamental space Vector modulations, as shown in Figure 3.
Typical voltage-source type PWM inverter is as shown in figure 4, space vector determines the on off state of corresponding upper bridge arm, 1
Expression is opened, and 0 represents to close.Such as the upper bridge arm that space vector (100) expression is connected with a is in opening state, and be connected with b, c
The upper bridge arm connect is closed.
When three bridge arms are in different conducting states, there is the relationship of determining in phase current, specifically with DC bus current
See following table.
Space vector of voltage | DC bus current idc |
V0(000) | 0 |
V1(100) | ia |
V2(110) | -ic |
V3(010) | ib |
V4(011) | -ia |
V5(001) | ic |
V6(101) | -ib |
V7(111) | 0 |
Determine that relationship can calculate resultant vector in different sectors according to this, three-phase current in a carrier cycle
Time accounting.By taking voltage resultant vector is in Section IV sector as an example, modulated using 7 segmentation SVPWM, as shown in figure 5, calculating process
For:
1) according to ta=t2-t1、ta=t2-t1Equation and ia+ib+ic=0 can estimate that current value is:
2) it is obtained according to Similar Principle of Triangle:
3) above equation is brought into obtain:
It can similarly release when resultant vector is in other sectors, above-mentioned equation is still set up.
4) consider sampling time delay, according to the Improving ways of formula (1), bus current is calculated as below after improvement:Cmp1a=λ
Mp1 ((k-1T)+(1- λ) Cmp1 (kT),
Cmp2b=λ Cmp2 ((k-1) T)+(1- λ) Cmp2 (kT),
Cmp3c=λ Cmp3 ((k-1) T)+(1- λ) Cmp2 (kT),
5) compensating factor η (ω) chooses motor low speed, middling speed and high speed by experimental calibration, is denoted as ω1..., ωn,
Rotational speed omegaiUnder operating mode, the practical bus current measured under different torques is IDc, 1, IDc, 2..., IDc, mWith the bus current of estimationComparison defines error:η(ωi) be defined so that
Err(wi) reach the η of minimum value, it calculates:
6) last estimation result is by above-mentioned η (ωi) formula brings into.
The part not illustrated in specification is the prior art or common knowledge.Present embodiment is merely to illustrate the hair
Bright rather than limit the scope of the invention, the modifications such as equivalent replacement that those skilled in the art make the present invention are recognized
To be fallen into invention claims institute protection domain.
Claims (8)
1. a kind of PWM inverter DC bus current evaluation method, it is characterised in that:The method and step is as follows:
1) according to the relationship of three-phase phase current and bus current, in a switch periods T, three-phase current i is calculateda, ib, ic
Action time in busbar is ta, tb, tc;
2) estimated value that DC bus current is calculated according to action time is:
Wherein K is integer more than 1, γa, γb, γcThe direction of three-phase current is represented, if consistent with the direction of bus current take
1, on the contrary take -1;
3) delay according to existing for the Digital Realization of PWM inverter, current sample, does DC bus current estimated value as follows
Adjustment:
ta1=λta((k-1)T)+(1-λ)ta(kT);tb1=λ tb((k-1)T)+(1-λ)tb(kT);
tc1=λ tc((k-1)T)+(1-λ)tc(kT);
Obtaining result is:
4) in above-mentioned steps 3) estimation result in add in efficiency compensation factor η, last estimation result is:Wherein ω is motor speed.
2. a kind of PWM inverter DC bus current evaluation method according to claim 1, it is characterised in that:The step
1) in, action time of the three-phase current in busbar will meet ta+tb+tc≤T。
3. a kind of PWM inverter DC bus current evaluation method according to claim 1, it is characterised in that:The step
3) it in, since current sample is delayed, adds in compensation of delay factor lambda and is adjusted, if wherein each switch periods starting point carries out
This estimating algorithm is performed after current sample, and PWM updates at switch periods end point, then λ is equal to 0.5.
4. a kind of PWM inverter DC bus current evaluation method according to claim 1, it is characterised in that:The step
4) in, efficiency compensation factor η, be motor speed ω variable, η (ω) is according to series of points { (ωi, η (ωi) interpolation acquisition,
Wherein η (ωi) by experimental calibration selection motor low speed, middling speed and high speed, it is denoted as ω1..., ωn, in rotational speed omegaiUnder operating mode,
The practical bus current measured under different torques is IDc, 1, IDc, 2..., IDc, mWith the bus current of estimationComparison defines error:η(ωi) be defined so that
Err(wi) reach the η of minimum value, it can be calculated
5. a kind of PWM inverter DC bus current estimating system, it is characterised in that:The system comprises:Module is estimated, is delayed
Compensating module, efficiency compensation module;
Module is estimated, according to the relationship of three-phase phase current and bus current, in a switch periods T, calculates three-phase current ia,
ib, icAction time in busbar is ta, tb, tc, the estimated value that DC bus current is calculated according to action time is:
Wherein K is integer more than 1, γa, γb, γcThe direction of three-phase current is represented, if consistent with the direction of bus current take
1, on the contrary take -1;
Delay compensation module, the delay according to existing for the Digital Realization of PWM inverter, current sample, to DC bus current
Estimated value does following adjustment:
ta1=λ ta((k-1)T)+(1-λ)ta(kT);tb1=λ tb((k-1)T)+(1-λ)tb(kT);
tc1=λ tc((k-1)T)+(1-λ)tc(kT);
Obtaining result is:
Efficiency compensation module adds efficiency compensation factor η, last estimation result in the result obtained in above-mentioned compensating module
For:Wherein ω is motor speed.
6. a kind of PWM inverter DC bus current estimating system according to claim 5, it is characterised in that:It is described to estimate
In module, action time of the three-phase current in busbar will meet ta+tb+tc≤T。
7. a kind of PWM inverter DC bus current estimating system according to claim 5, it is characterised in that:The delay
It in compensating module, since current sample is delayed, adds in compensation of delay factor lambda and is adjusted, if wherein each switch periods rise
Point performs this estimating algorithm, and PWM updates at switch periods end point after carrying out current sample, then λ is equal to 0.5.
8. a kind of PWM inverter DC bus current estimating system according to claim 5, it is characterised in that:The efficiency
In compensating module, efficiency compensation factor η, be motor speed ω variable, η (ω) is according to series of points { (ωi, η (ωi) interpolation
It obtains, wherein η (ωi) by experimental calibration selection motor low speed, middling speed and high speed, it is denoted as ωi..., ωn, in rotational speed omegaiWork
Under condition, the practical bus current measured under different torques is IDc, 1, IDc, 2..., IDc, mWith the bus current of estimationComparison defines error:η(ωi) be defined so that
Err(ωi) reach the η of minimum value, it can be calculated
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CN110346635A (en) * | 2019-08-15 | 2019-10-18 | 浙江工业大学 | Estimation method for direct current bus current of permanent magnet synchronous motor in automobile electric compressor |
CN111431462A (en) * | 2020-03-25 | 2020-07-17 | 清华大学 | Direct current bus capacitance estimation method and direct current bus capacitance estimation device |
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