CN108224779B - High-condensation-point heat carrier heat exchange pipe network device and use method - Google Patents
High-condensation-point heat carrier heat exchange pipe network device and use method Download PDFInfo
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- CN108224779B CN108224779B CN201810222081.8A CN201810222081A CN108224779B CN 108224779 B CN108224779 B CN 108224779B CN 201810222081 A CN201810222081 A CN 201810222081A CN 108224779 B CN108224779 B CN 108224779B
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- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 title claims abstract description 28
- 238000009833 condensation Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 68
- 230000005494 condensation Effects 0.000 claims abstract description 66
- 238000010438 heat treatment Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 44
- 230000008646 thermal stress Effects 0.000 claims abstract description 22
- 150000003839 salts Chemical class 0.000 claims description 64
- 230000000694 effects Effects 0.000 claims description 11
- 230000006835 compression Effects 0.000 claims description 9
- 238000007906 compression Methods 0.000 claims description 9
- 230000001174 ascending effect Effects 0.000 claims description 6
- 239000000969 carrier Substances 0.000 claims description 5
- 239000012774 insulation material Substances 0.000 claims description 2
- 230000009545 invasion Effects 0.000 abstract description 5
- 230000000903 blocking effect Effects 0.000 abstract description 4
- 210000001503 joint Anatomy 0.000 description 12
- 238000011084 recovery Methods 0.000 description 12
- 230000001172 regenerating effect Effects 0.000 description 9
- 230000008642 heat stress Effects 0.000 description 5
- 230000003466 anti-cipated effect Effects 0.000 description 4
- 239000012876 carrier material Substances 0.000 description 4
- 230000007547 defect Effects 0.000 description 4
- 238000007789 sealing Methods 0.000 description 4
- 239000007788 liquid Substances 0.000 description 3
- 238000007599 discharging Methods 0.000 description 2
- 238000005485 electric heating Methods 0.000 description 2
- 239000000446 fuel Substances 0.000 description 2
- 230000017525 heat dissipation Effects 0.000 description 2
- 230000033001 locomotion Effects 0.000 description 2
- FGIUAXJPYTZDNR-UHFFFAOYSA-N potassium nitrate Chemical compound [K+].[O-][N+]([O-])=O FGIUAXJPYTZDNR-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- LPXPTNMVRIOKMN-UHFFFAOYSA-M sodium nitrite Chemical compound [Na+].[O-]N=O LPXPTNMVRIOKMN-UHFFFAOYSA-M 0.000 description 2
- WHXSMMKQMYFTQS-UHFFFAOYSA-N Lithium Chemical compound [Li] WHXSMMKQMYFTQS-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 229910000831 Steel Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- ATJFFYVFTNAWJD-UHFFFAOYSA-N Tin Chemical compound [Sn] ATJFFYVFTNAWJD-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 238000005452 bending Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000009286 beneficial effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 229910052797 bismuth Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- JCXGWMGPZLAOME-UHFFFAOYSA-N bismuth atom Chemical compound [Bi] JCXGWMGPZLAOME-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 238000004891 communication Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000005516 engineering process Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000009413 insulation Methods 0.000 description 1
- 229910052744 lithium Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 239000000463 material Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000011368 organic material Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000000149 penetrating effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 235000010333 potassium nitrate Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 239000004323 potassium nitrate Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000002035 prolonged effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000010992 reflux Methods 0.000 description 1
- 235000010288 sodium nitrite Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 239000007787 solid Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000010959 steel Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229910052718 tin Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 230000000007 visual effect Effects 0.000 description 1
Classifications
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- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F24—HEATING; RANGES; VENTILATING
- F24H—FLUID HEATERS, e.g. WATER OR AIR HEATERS, HAVING HEAT-GENERATING MEANS, e.g. HEAT PUMPS, IN GENERAL
- F24H7/00—Storage heaters, i.e. heaters in which the energy is stored as heat in masses for subsequent release
- F24H7/02—Storage heaters, i.e. heaters in which the energy is stored as heat in masses for subsequent release the released heat being conveyed to a transfer fluid
- F24H7/04—Storage heaters, i.e. heaters in which the energy is stored as heat in masses for subsequent release the released heat being conveyed to a transfer fluid with forced circulation of the transfer fluid
-
- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F24—HEATING; RANGES; VENTILATING
- F24H—FLUID HEATERS, e.g. WATER OR AIR HEATERS, HAVING HEAT-GENERATING MEANS, e.g. HEAT PUMPS, IN GENERAL
- F24H9/00—Details
- F24H9/20—Arrangement or mounting of control or safety devices
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- Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
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- Thermal Sciences (AREA)
- Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
- Combustion & Propulsion (AREA)
- Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
- General Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Heat-Exchange Devices With Radiators And Conduit Assemblies (AREA)
Abstract
The invention relates to a high-condensation-point heat carrier heat exchange pipe network device and a use method thereof. The heat exchange pipe network comprises the following configuration that a circulating pump passes through a heating pipe to heat a high condensation point heat carrier for a heat using device through a heating pipe and a heat using valve of the heat using device, the high condensation point heat carrier after heat release flows back into a low-level collecting tank of the built-in circulating pump through a heat returning pipe, a no-load small circulating pipe provided with no-load small circulating valves is connected between the heating pipe and the heat returning pipe between the low-level collecting tank and the heat using device, and a plurality of joints forming the heat exchange pipe network are connected by using flanges; and an empty large circulation pipeline provided with an empty large circulation valve is connected between the low-level collecting tank and a heating pipeline and a backheating pipeline outside the heat utilization device. The invention can prevent the high condensation point heat carrier from condensing and blocking in the heat exchange pipe network, weaken the equivalent of the thermal stress from all directions and greatly reduce the invasion range of the instantaneous thermal stress of the heat exchange pipe network.
Description
Technical Field
The invention relates to the field of heat exchange circulation of high-condensation-point heat carriers, in particular to a high-condensation-point heat carrier heat exchange pipe network device and a use method thereof.
Background
The high-condensation-point heat carrier refers to a heat carrier with the condensation point temperature of more than 100 ℃.
In the current industrial development, a plurality of fields need higher processing temperature to meet the requirements of a certain product processing technology, and in order to realize a plurality of factors such as convenience in control, the heating of a heater by using a heat carrier and the heating of the heater by using the heat carrier are the development trend of the current heat utilization field.
At present, a heat carrier widely used is a heat conducting oil heat carrier, but the highest heat carrying capacity of the heat carrier can only be about 320 ℃, if a higher working temperature is needed, the heat carrier with a high condensation point can only be used as a heat conducting medium, and the heat carrier with the current heat carrying capacity of 500 ℃ comprises: tin, bismuth, lithium, molten salt and other materials, because the molten salt high-condensation-point heat carrier material has lower cost than other high-condensation-point heat carrier materials, the molten salt high-condensation-point heat carrier is a heat carrier material widely used at present, and therefore the concept of the invention will be described by taking the molten salt high-condensation-point heat carrier as an example.
Working performance of fused salt high condensation point heat carrier:
| heat carrier designation | Component name | Condensation point temperature/DEGC | The use of a temperature range/. Degree.C.is recommended | Specific heat (kcal/kg. Degree.C.) |
| Molten salt | 55% Potassium nitrate +45% sodium nitrite | About 140 a | 150~500 | 0.34 |
The heat exchange pipe network of the high condensation point heat carrier in the prior art and the device thereof are composed of the following structures:
The circulating pump passes through the heater through the heating pipeline, the heater valve supplies heat for the heater, the high-condensation-point heat carrier after heat release flows back into the low-level collecting tank of the built-in circulating pump through the backheating pipeline, and an empty small circulating pipeline provided with an empty small circulating valve is connected between the heating pipeline between the low-level collecting tank and the heater and the backheating pipeline.
The pipe network is formed by the parts except the low-level collecting tank and the circulating pump, and is called a heat exchange pipe network of the high-condensation-point heat carrier.
Hereinafter, the heat exchange pipe network of the high condensation point heat carrier is simply referred to as a heat exchange pipe network.
The heat exchange pipe network and the device thereof can realize stable operation effect in normal operation, but the situation of initial cold start of the heat exchange pipe network at the natural environment temperature has the following disadvantages:
① If the temperature of the high condensation point heat carrier is lower, the time for penetrating through the heat exchange pipe network is longer, and the high condensation point heat carrier with larger heat loss is easy to condense and block in the heat exchange pipe network.
② If the temperature of the high condensation point heat carrier is higher, the time for crossing the heat exchange pipe network is shorter, although the high condensation point heat carrier can be prevented from being condensed and blocked in the heat exchange pipe network, the instant strong thermal stress is necessarily generated in the heat exchange pipe network, if the heat carrier flows in a half pipe medium in a transverse heat carrier flow pipeline, the thermal stress generated in the lower half part of the pipeline is far greater than the thermal stress generated in the upper half part of the pipeline, the pipeline is instantly changed into a radial bending shape from a straight line shape, and under the working condition of instantly coming from the thermal stress in all directions, the pipeline is instantly and greatly and axially prolonged, and the local pipeline is instantly and greatly and radially bent, so that the heat carrier flow pipe network is quite easy to be in a collapse edge or even collapse leakage, and once the collapse leakage is quite easy to cause accidents such as scalding and fire disaster.
Disclosure of Invention
The invention aims to solve the technical problem of providing a heat exchange pipe network of a high condensation point heat carrier with an empty large circulation pipeline and an empty large circulation valve and a device thereof.
The technical scheme adopted for solving the technical problems is as follows:
The utility model provides a high congeal point heat carrier heat exchange pipe network device, includes the following configuration that constitutes the heat exchange pipe network, and the circulating pump passes through the heater with high congeal point heat carrier through the heating pipeline, uses the heater valve to supply heat for the heater, and the high congeal point heat carrier after the heat release flows back to the low level collecting vat of built-in circulating pump through the backheating pipeline in, is connected with the empty load little circulation pipeline of the empty load little circulation valve of equipment between the heating pipeline between low level collecting vat and the heater and backheating pipeline, its characterized in that: the flange plates are used for butt joint at the positions of the joints forming the heat exchange pipe network; and an empty large circulation pipeline provided with an empty large circulation valve is connected between the low-level collecting tank and a heating pipeline and a backheating pipeline outside the heat utilization device.
The invention adopting the technical scheme has the outstanding effects that: in the occasion of initial cold start heat exchange pipe network under natural environment temperature, can use the high congealing point heat carrier of lower temperature to preheat for heating pipeline and backheating pipeline earlier, after heating pipeline and backheating pipeline reach anticipated high temperature state, reuse the high congealing point heat carrier of lower temperature to preheat for with the heater, from this can prevent high congealing point heat carrier condensation from blocking up in the heat exchange pipe network, can also weaken the equivalent that comes from the thermal stress of all directions and reduce the invasion range of heat exchange pipe network instantaneous thermal stress by a wide margin.
The invention provides a use method of a high-condensation-point heat carrier heat exchange pipe network device, which comprises the following steps:
A first step of: and opening the no-load small circulation valve, the heater and the circulation pump to enable the molten salt heat carrier to be heated by receiving the heat released by the heater, and returning the heated molten salt heat carrier to the low-level collecting tank again through the no-load small circulation valve and the no-load small circulation pipeline.
And a second step of: when the molten salt heat carrier in the low-level collecting tank reaches the expected high-temperature state, an empty-load large-circulation valve is opened, the flow of the empty-load small-circulation valve is controlled to reduce, and the molten salt heat carrier at the moment is changed from a small-circulation mode to a large-circulation preheating mode, so that a main flow heating pipeline, an empty-load large-circulation valve, an empty-load large-circulation pipeline and a main flow backheating pipeline forming a large-circulation pipe network receive the preheating of the molten salt heat carrier, the temperature of the large-circulation pipe network is in an ascending trend, the temperature of the molten salt heat carrier is in a descending trend, the temperature of the molten salt heat carrier is still above the condensation point temperature of the molten salt heat carrier under the action of the original temperature of more molten salt heat carrier in the low-level collecting tank and the heat release of a heater, the temperature of the large-circulation pipe network and the molten salt heat carrier slowly ascend under the action of the continuous heat release of the heater, and the thermal stress on the large-circulation pipe network locally in the heat exchange pipe network is slowly released.
And a third step of: when the temperatures of the large circulation pipe network and the molten salt heat carrier rise to an expected high-temperature state, a valve of a heat utilization device is opened, the flow of the no-load large circulation valve is reduced by control pressure, and the molten salt heat carrier at the moment is changed from a large circulation preheating mode to a preheating mode of a heat utilization device assembly, so that the whole heat exchange pipe network receives the preheating of the molten salt heat carrier, the temperature of the whole heat exchange pipe network is in an ascending trend, the temperature of the molten salt heat carrier is in a descending trend, the temperature of the lost molten salt heat carrier is still above the condensation point temperature of the molten salt heat carrier under the original temperature of more molten salt heat carriers in a low-level collecting tank and the heat release effect of the heat utilization device, the temperature of the whole heat exchange pipe network and the molten salt heat carrier slowly rise under the continuous heat release effect of the heat utilization device, and simultaneously the thermal stress on the heat exchange pipe network is slowly released again, and therefore the operation of initial cold start of the whole heat exchange pipe network under the natural environment temperature is completed.
The invention adopting the method has the outstanding effects that: in the occasion of initial cold start heat exchange pipe network under natural environment temperature, can use the low high congealing point heat carrier of temperature to preheat for empty load little circulation pipeline, heating pipeline, empty load big circulation pipeline and backheating pipeline in proper order, after preheating the pipeline and reaching anticipated high temperature state, preheat with the high congealing point heat carrier of lower temperature for the heater again, from this can prevent high congealing point heat carrier condensation jam in the heat exchange pipe network, can also weaken the equivalent that comes from all directions thermal stress and reduce the invasion range of heat exchange pipe network instantaneous thermal stress by a wide margin.
Drawings
Fig. 1 is a schematic top view of a high condensation point heat carrier heat exchange pipe network device of the present invention.
Fig. 2 is a schematic side view of the high condensation point heat carrier heat exchange pipe network device of the present invention.
Fig. 3 is a schematic side view of the flange compression-resistant holder of the present invention.
Fig. 4 is an end view schematic of the flange compression anchor of the present invention.
Fig. 5 is a schematic side view of the high play line fastener of the present invention.
In the figure: the heat pump type air conditioner comprises a heater 1, an empty small circulation valve 2, a main flow heat supply pipeline 3, a branch heat supply pipeline 301, a heater valve 4, an empty large circulation valve 5, a heater 6, an empty large circulation pipeline 7, a ripple compensator 8, a main flow heat recovery pipeline 9, a branch heat recovery pipeline 901, an empty small circulation pipeline 10, a low-level collecting tank 11, a circulating pump 12, a flange compression-resistant fixer 13, a radial limiter 1401 and an axial limiting plate 1402.
Detailed Description
The invention is further illustrated by the following examples, which are only intended to provide a better understanding of the present invention.
A high condensation point heat carrier heat exchange pipe network device, see fig. 1, fig. 2, fig. 3, fig. 4 and fig. 5; in the figure:
flange plates are used for butt joint at a plurality of joints forming a heat exchange pipe network.
The low-level collecting tank 11 is a container which is arranged at the lowest position and is used for collecting the high-condensation-point heat carrier in the heat exchange pipe network, a circulating pump interface is arranged at the upper end of the container, and a high-condensation-point heat carrier inlet is arranged at the side end of the upper part of the container.
The circulating pump 12 is a centrifugal submerged pump, the inlet of the circulating pump is arranged at the lower part of the lower collecting tank 11 by a circulating pump interface arranged at the upper end of the lower collecting tank 11, the outlet of the circulating pump is communicated with the starting point inlet of the main flow heating pipeline 3, the circulating pump 12 not only has the function of running and discharging, but also has the function of realizing reverse reflux through a liquid channel of a centrifugal impeller when stopping running.
The heater 1 is a heating unit having an inlet at a lower end and an outlet at an upper end. In the specific implementation, the boiler can be a boiler or an electric heating body.
The heat utilization device 6 is a heat utilization component with an inlet at the lower end and an outlet at the upper end, and in specific implementation, the heat utilization device can be a heat exchanger, a heat consumption reaction kettle or an evaporator.
One end of the main flow heating pipeline 3 is communicated with the outlet of the circulating pump 12, and the other end passes through the heater 1 to go straight through a plurality of bends and is respectively and sequentially communicated with the inlets of the horizontally installed idle small circulating valve 2 and the vertically installed heater valve 4; the end communicating with the outlet of the circulation pump 12 is the start point of the main flow heating line 3, and the other end is the end point of the main flow heating line 3.
One end of the main flow heat recovery pipeline 9 is communicated with a high condensation point heat carrier inlet at the upper side end of the low-level collecting tank 11, the other end of the main flow heat recovery pipeline is respectively communicated with an empty small circulation pipeline interface and a branch heat recovery pipeline interface in sequence, one end communicated with the high condensation point heat carrier inlet at the upper side end of the low-level collecting tank 11 is a terminal point of the main flow heat recovery pipeline 9, and the other end is a starting point of the main flow heat recovery pipeline 9.
In the embodiment, a heat utilization device assembly is formed by a heat utilization device valve 4, a branch heat supply pipeline 301, a heat utilization device 6 and a branch heat recovery pipeline 901; the inlet of the branch heat supply pipeline 301 is communicated with the outlet of the heater valve 4, and the outlet of the branch heat supply pipeline is communicated with the inlet of the heater 6; the inlet of the branch regenerative pipeline 901 is communicated with the outlet of the heat utilization device 6, and the outlet of the branch regenerative pipeline is communicated with a branch regenerative pipeline interface above the main flow regenerative pipeline 9; according to the above-mentioned combination relationship, in the concrete implemented heat exchange pipe network, several groups of heat-consuming units can be installed between main flow heat supply pipeline 3 and main flow heat recovery pipeline 9.
The inlet of the no-load small circulation pipeline 10 is communicated with the outlet of the no-load small circulation valve 2, and the outlet of the no-load small circulation pipeline is communicated with an no-load small circulation pipeline interface arranged on the main flow backheating pipeline 9.
In the above system, the lines for providing the high condensation point heat carrier with the heater 6 are collectively referred to as heating lines, which include the main flow heating line 3 and the branch heating line 301, and the lines for discharging the exothermic high condensation point heat carrier with the heater 6 are collectively referred to as regenerative lines, which include the main flow regenerative line 9 and the branch regenerative line 901.
In this embodiment, a terminal expansion port is provided at the terminal of the main flow heating pipeline 3, a starting expansion port is provided at the terminal of the starting point of the main flow heat recovery pipeline 9, and the terminal expansion port of the main flow heating pipeline 3 is communicated with the starting expansion port of the main flow heat recovery pipeline 9 through an empty large circulation pipeline 7 equipped with an empty large circulation valve 5, thereby forming an empty large circulation pipeline 7 equipped with an empty large circulation valve 5, and the empty large circulation pipeline 7 is connected between the low-level collecting tank 11 and the heating pipeline and the heat recovery pipeline other than the heater 6.
In order to make the connection more clear, it can also be described that the useful heater 6 is connected between the low-level collecting tank 11 and the heating line and the recuperating line to which the empty large circulation line 7 equipped with the empty large circulation valve 5 is connected.
No matter how many heat exchangers 6 are installed in the concrete heat exchange pipe network, an empty load large circulation pipeline 7 provided with an empty load large circulation valve 5 can be connected between a low-level collecting tank 11 and a heating pipeline and a backheating pipeline except for a certain heat exchanger 6.
In the heating pipeline, the starting point of the main flow heating pipeline 3 communicated with the outlet of the circulating pump 12 is the starting point low point of the pipeline, the communication point with the inlet of the idle small circulating valve 2 is the small circulating low point of the pipeline, when the circulating pump 12 stops running and the idle small circulating valve 2 is in an open state, a part of high condensation point heat carrier running in the pipeline and the heat utilization device 6 can reversely flow back into the low-level collecting tank 11 through the circulating pump 12 by the starting point low point, and the other part can flow into the backheating pipeline by the idle small circulating valve 2 and the idle small circulating pipeline 10 by the small circulating low point; in the backheating pipeline, the end point of the main flow backheating pipeline 9 communicated with the high condensation point heat carrier inlet at the upper side end of the low-level collecting tank 11 is the low point of the pipeline, so that when the device stops running, the high condensation point heat carrier with higher temperature in the heat exchange pipe network can be relatively and completely collected by the low-level collecting tank 11, and the heat exchange pipe network after normal working is ensured not to be blocked by condensation of the high condensation point heat carrier.
The empty small circulation line 10 has not only the above-mentioned effect, but also allows the high condensation point heat carrier which does not reach the intended use temperature to directly receive the heat release of the heater 1 without consuming the heat by the heater 6.
The empty small circulation valve 2 is one of valves for determining whether the high condensation point heat carrier enters the heat-releasing valve of the heat-using device 6, the smaller the opening of the empty small circulation valve is, the more the high condensation point heat carrier passes through the heat-using device 6, and the empty small circulation valve is also a drainage valve of a heat supply pipeline when the device stops running.
To sum up, the structure is as follows: the flange plates are used for butt joint at the positions of the joints forming the heat exchange pipe network; an empty large circulation line 7 equipped with an empty large circulation valve 5 is connected between the low level collecting tank 11 and a heating line and a regenerative line other than the heat using device 6.
Based on the implementation of the technical scheme, the generated beneficial effects are as follows: in the occasion of initial cold start heat exchange pipe network under natural environment temperature, can use the high congealing point heat carrier of lower temperature to preheat for heating pipeline and backheating pipeline earlier, after heating pipeline and backheating pipeline reach anticipated high temperature state, reuse the high congealing point heat carrier of lower temperature to preheat for with the heater 6, from this can prevent high congealing point heat carrier condensation from blocking up in the heat exchange pipe network, can also weaken the equivalent that comes from the thermal stress of all directions and reduce the invasion range of heat exchange pipe network instantaneous thermal stress by a wide margin.
In order to enable the idle small circulation valve 2 to realize an automatic drainage function, thereby preventing low-temperature condensation; the no-load small circulation valve 2 is a micro-leakage valve with a leakage notch; the leakage notch of the idle small circulation valve 2 can be realized by manually damaging the sealing surface of the valve or by artificially closing the valve without completely closing the valve, so that the idle small circulation valve 2 is closed under the relative working condition.
The empty large circulation valve 5 is one of valves for determining whether the high condensation point heat carrier enters the heat using heater 6 to release heat, and the smaller the opening of the empty large circulation valve is, the more the high condensation point heat carrier passes through the heat using heater 6, and the empty large circulation valve is also a drainage valve of a heat supply pipeline when the device stops running.
In order to enable the empty large circulation valve 5 to realize an automatic draining function, thereby preventing low-temperature condensation; the empty-load large circulation valve 5 is a micro-leakage valve with a leakage notch; the leakage notch of the idle large circulation valve 5 can be realized by manually damaging the sealing surface of the valve or by artificially closing the valve without completely closing the valve, so that the idle large circulation valve 5 is closed under the relative working condition.
The valve in the heat exchange pipe network is the part which is most easily blocked by condensation of the high condensation point heat carrier because the valve has the characteristics of large heat dissipation capacity per unit length, complex internal structure, relative movement during working and the like, so as to overcome the defects; a Leng Qifang heating body is arranged outside one of the empty small circulation valve 2, the heater valve 4 and the empty large circulation valve 5.
The fixed cold-start radiator can be an electric heating radiator fixed outside the valve, and can also be other radiators fixed outside the valve; other heat release bodies include fuel heat release bodies or heat carrier heat release bodies and the like; the purpose of the Leng Qifang heating body is to melt the solid high-condensation point heat carrier condensed in the valve under the low temperature state.
The flange plates are used for butt joint at the positions of a plurality of joints forming the heat exchange pipe network; the flange butt joint is that two flanges are tightly pressed and butt-jointed by a plurality of bolts, and a sealing gasket is tightly pressed between the two flanges; the flange butt joint has the advantages of convenient disassembly and assembly, but has very weak compression resistance, under the action of heat stress of a heat exchange pipe network, the working condition of instantaneous opposite compressive heat stress from two ends often occurs, once the compressive heat stress acted on the flange butt joint is larger than the pressing force of a bolt, the flange or the sealing gasket is inevitably subjected to thinning deformation again, and once the opposite compressive heat stress disappears, the gap defect caused by the thinning deformation is shown, so as to overcome the defect; and a flange compression-resistant fixer 13 is arranged at the joint of the flanges used by the heat exchange pipe network.
The flange compression-resistant fixer 13 is a mechanism taking the butt joint of two flanges against the compression pressure as a mission; the flange compression-resistant fixer 13 in the embodiment is formed by a plurality of sections of round steel welded on the outer edge of the flange after being pressed and butted by bolts.
In order to facilitate the liquid level display reading of the high condensation point heat carrier; the low-level collecting tank 11 is a vertical barrel container; the vertical barrel container has the technical advantages of visual display of high and low liquid levels compared with a horizontal tank.
In order to improve the pressure bearing performance and the local thermal stress release performance of the vertical barrel container; the vertical barrel container is formed by connecting a cylindrical barrel body and a spherical end socket.
To improve the thermal insulation performance of the low-level collection tank 11; the low-level collecting tank 11 is a barrel body container with a double-layer structure, and a heat insulation material is filled between the inner barrel body container and the outer barrel body container.
In order to control the lines constituting the heat exchange tube network within a relatively desired range; and a large-clearance pipeline fixer with a clearance range of more than 10mm is arranged in the pipeline forming the heat exchange pipeline network.
The large-clearance pipeline fixer is a mechanism for controlling the pipeline in a relative range, and comprises a radial limiter 1401 and an axial limiting plate 1402; in the embodiment, the radial limiter 1401 is a pipe ring, a pipeline is sleeved in the pipe ring, the inner diameter of the radial limiter 1401 is more than 10mm greater than the outer diameter of the pipeline, and the outer end of the radial limiter 1401 is welded with a pipeline supporting fixed point; axial limiting plates 1402 are respectively arranged at two ends of the radial limiter 1401, inner holes of the axial limiting plates 1402 are welded with the outer wall of the pipeline, and the width of the distance formed between the two axial limiting plates 1402 is more than 10mm greater than the width of the radial limiter 1401.
According to the technical mission of the large play line holder and in connection with fig. 5 it is illustrated:
The radial stop 1401 is a large play line holder if radial fixing is only required for the line.
If both radial and axial fixing of the pipeline is required, a large play pipeline holder is required consisting of radial stop 1401 and axial stop plate 1402 together.
In order to improve the thermal stress release performance of the heat exchange pipe network, a ripple compensator 8 is arranged in any pipeline in the heat exchange pipe network.
Working of the examples:
The high-condensation-point heat carrier material is molten salt, which is called as molten salt heat carrier for short; the heater 1 is a fused salt heat carrier fuel boiler; the heat application device 6 is an organic material evaporator.
In order to achieve a certain safety distance between the heater 1 and the heater 6, the linear distance between the heater 1 and the heater 6 is about 15 meters, thereby lengthening the circulation length of the main stream heating pipeline 3 and the main stream regenerative pipeline 9.
In order to enable the heat exchange pipe network to enter a working state at a high temperature in a normal temperature state of the natural environment temperature by using the heater 6 and related pipelines, a fused salt heat carrier with a certain temperature is required to carry out heat release circulation in the heat exchange pipe network, and in order to lighten the impact damage degree of the heat exchange pipe network under the instant strong thermal stress, the following steps are required to be executed; for ease of identification, all existing valves are in a closed state.
And opening the no-load small circulation valve 2, the heater 1 and the circulation pump 12 to enable the molten salt heat carrier to receive the heat released by the heater 1 to heat the molten salt heat carrier, and returning the heated molten salt heat carrier to the lower collecting tank 11 again through the no-load small circulation valve 2 and the no-load small circulation pipeline 10.
When the molten salt heat carrier in the low-level collecting tank 11 reaches the expected high-temperature state, the empty-load large-circulation valve 5 is opened, the control pressure reduces the flow of the empty-load circulating valve 2, and the molten salt heat carrier at the moment is changed from a small-circulation circulating mode to a large-circulation preheating mode, so that the main flow heating pipeline 3, the empty-load large-circulation valve 5, the empty-load large-circulation pipeline 7 and the main flow backheating pipeline 9 forming a large-circulation pipe network receive the preheating of the molten salt heat carrier, the temperature of the large-circulation pipe network is in an ascending trend at the moment, the temperature of the molten salt heat carrier is in a descending trend, but under the effects of the original temperature of more molten salt heat carriers in the low-level collecting tank 11 and the heat release of the heater 1, the temperature of the molten salt heat carrier after heat loss is still above the condensation point temperature of the molten salt heat carrier, and the temperature of the large-circulation pipe network and the molten salt heat carrier slowly ascend under the effect of continuous heat release of the heater 1, and the thermal stress acting on the large-circulation pipe network locally is slowly released.
When the temperature of the large circulation pipe network and the molten salt heat carrier rises to an expected high-temperature state, the heat utilization valve 4 is opened, the flow of the no-load large circulation valve 5 is controlled to reduce, the molten salt heat carrier at the moment is changed from the large circulation preheating mode to the heat utilization device assembly preheating mode, so that the whole heat exchange pipe network receives the preheating of the molten salt heat carrier, the temperature of the whole heat exchange pipe network is in an ascending trend at the moment, the temperature of the molten salt heat carrier is in a descending trend, but under the action of the original temperature of more molten salt heat carrier in the low-level collecting tank 11 and the heat release of the heater 1, the temperature of the molten salt heat carrier after heat loss is still above the condensation point temperature of the molten salt heat carrier, under the action of continuous heat release of the heater 1, the heat stress on the whole heat exchange pipe network is slowly released again, and the operation of the whole heat exchange pipe network is started initially in a cold mode under the natural environment temperature is completed.
In the above operation, the outstanding effects are: in the occasion of initial cold start heat exchange pipe network under natural environment temperature, can use the high condensation point heat carrier of lower temperature to preheat for mainstream heating pipeline 3 and mainstream backheating pipeline 9 first, after mainstream heating pipeline 3 and mainstream backheating pipeline 9 reach anticipated high temperature state, preheat for with the heater 6 again with the high condensation point heat carrier of lower temperature, from this can prevent high condensation point heat carrier condensation from blocking up in the heat exchange pipe network, can also weaken the equivalent that comes from the thermal stress of all directions and reduce the invasion range of heat exchange pipe network instantaneous thermal stress by a wide margin.
The expected high temperature state refers to a state in which the temperature of the heat carrier after heat release is used is still slightly higher than the self-condensation point temperature; the specific temperature is not given because different heat carriers have different specific heats (heat carrying capacity) and different heat exchange pipe networks have different heat absorbing capacities, so the specific temperature cannot be given, but a certain rule is that: the higher the specific heat (heat carrying capacity) of the heat carrier, the lower the heat absorbing capacity of the heat exchange pipe network, the lower the temperature setting of the "expected high temperature state" can be.
As a preferred embodiment of the present invention; the no-load small circulation valve 2 and the no-load large circulation valve 5 are two valves which are not tightly closed deliberately; the deliberate unclamping can be realized by arranging a leakage notch between valve faces, and also can be realized by artificially deliberate unclamping.
Based on the implementation of the use method, the temperature of the system can be controlled to be higher than the condensation point temperature of the high condensation point heat carrier through the trace leakage flow of the high condensation point heat carrier, so that the system is prevented from being blocked by the condensation of the high condensation point heat carrier.
The valve in the heat exchange pipe network is the part which is most easily blocked by condensation of the high condensation point heat carrier because the valve has the characteristics of large heat dissipation capacity per unit length, complex internal structure, relative movement during working and the like, so as to overcome the defects; a Leng Qifang heating body is arranged outside one of the empty small circulation valve 2, the heater valve 4 and the empty large circulation valve 5.
The above embodiments are not intended to limit the scope of the present invention, and any equivalent changes made according to the inventive concept are to be regarded as merely form and not substantially equivalent.
Claims (11)
1. The high-condensation-point heat carrier heat exchange pipe network device comprises a heat exchange pipe network, a circulating pump passes through a heater through a heat supply pipeline, a heater valve supplies heat for the heater, the high-condensation-point heat carrier after heat release flows back into a low-level collecting tank of the built-in circulating pump through a heat return pipeline, an empty small circulating pipeline provided with an empty small circulating valve is connected between the heat supply pipeline between the low-level collecting tank and the heater and the heat return pipeline, and a plurality of joints forming the heat exchange pipe network are butted by using flange plates; an empty load large circulation pipeline provided with an empty load large circulation valve is connected between the low-level collecting tank and a heating pipeline and a backheating pipeline outside the heat utilization device; the method is characterized by comprising the following steps of:
A first step of: opening an empty-load small-circulation valve, a heater and a circulation pump to enable the molten salt heat carrier to be heated by receiving heat released by the heater, and returning the heated molten salt heat carrier to the low-level collecting tank again through the empty-load small-circulation valve and an empty-load small-circulation pipeline;
And a second step of: when the molten salt heat carrier in the low-level collecting tank reaches an expected high-temperature state, an empty-load large-circulation valve is opened, the flow of the empty-load small-circulation valve is controlled to reduce, and the molten salt heat carrier at the moment is changed from a small-circulation mode to a large-circulation preheating mode, so that a main flow heating pipeline, an empty-load large-circulation valve, an empty-load large-circulation pipeline and a main flow backheating pipeline forming a large-circulation pipe network receive the preheating of the molten salt heat carrier, the temperature of the large-circulation pipe network is in an ascending trend, the temperature of the molten salt heat carrier is in a descending trend, the temperature of the molten salt heat carrier is still above the condensation point temperature of the molten salt heat carrier under the action of the original temperature of more molten salt heat carrier in the low-level collecting tank and the heat release of a heater, the temperature of the large-circulation pipe network and the molten salt heat carrier slowly ascend under the action of the continuous heat release of the heater, and the thermal stress on the large-circulation pipe network locally is slowly released;
And a third step of: when the temperatures of the large circulation pipe network and the molten salt heat carrier rise to an expected high-temperature state, a valve of a heat utilization device is opened, the flow of the no-load large circulation valve is reduced by control pressure, and the molten salt heat carrier at the moment is changed from a large circulation preheating mode to a preheating mode of a heat utilization device assembly, so that the whole heat exchange pipe network receives the preheating of the molten salt heat carrier, the temperature of the whole heat exchange pipe network is in an ascending trend, the temperature of the molten salt heat carrier is in a descending trend, the temperature of the lost molten salt heat carrier is still above the condensation point temperature of the molten salt heat carrier under the original temperature of more molten salt heat carriers in a low-level collecting tank and the heat release effect of the heat utilization device, the temperature of the whole heat exchange pipe network and the molten salt heat carrier slowly rise under the continuous heat release effect of the heat utilization device, and simultaneously the thermal stress on the heat exchange pipe network is slowly released again, and therefore the operation of initial cold start of the whole heat exchange pipe network under the natural environment temperature is completed.
2. The method for using the high condensation point heat carrier heat exchange pipe network device according to claim 1, wherein the method comprises the following steps: the no-load small circulation valve is a micro-leakage valve with a leakage notch.
3. The method for using the high condensation point heat carrier heat exchange pipe network device according to claim 1, wherein the method comprises the following steps: the empty-load large circulation valve is a micro-leakage valve with a leakage notch.
4. The method for using the high condensation point heat carrier heat exchange pipe network device according to claim 1, wherein the method comprises the following steps: and Leng Qifang heating bodies are arranged outside the idle small circulation valve, the heater valve and one of the idle large circulation valve.
5. The method for using the high condensation point heat carrier heat exchange pipe network device according to claim 1, wherein the method comprises the following steps: and a flange compression-resistant fixer is arranged at the joint of the flanges used by the heat exchange pipe network.
6. The method for using the high condensation point heat carrier heat exchange pipe network device according to claim 1, wherein the method comprises the following steps: the low-level collecting tank is a vertical barrel container.
7. The method for using the high condensation point heat carrier heat exchange pipe network device according to claim 6, wherein the method comprises the following steps: the vertical barrel container is formed by connecting a cylindrical barrel body and a spherical end socket.
8. The method for using the high condensation point heat carrier heat exchange pipe network device according to claim 1, wherein the method comprises the following steps: the low-level collecting tank is a barrel body container with a double-layer structure, and a heat insulation material is filled between the inner barrel body container and the outer barrel body container.
9. The method for using the high condensation point heat carrier heat exchange pipe network device according to claim 1, wherein the method comprises the following steps: and a large-clearance pipeline fixer with a clearance range of more than 10 mm is arranged in the pipeline forming the heat exchange pipeline network.
10. The method for using the high condensation point heat carrier heat exchange pipe network device according to claim 1, wherein the method comprises the following steps: the no-load small circulation valve and the no-load large circulation valve are two valves which are not tightly closed deliberately; the deliberate unclamping can be realized by arranging a leakage notch between valve faces, and also can be realized by artificially deliberate unclamping.
11. The method for using the high condensation point heat carrier heat exchange pipe network device according to claim 1, wherein the method comprises the following steps: and Leng Qifang heating bodies are arranged outside the idle small circulation valve, the heater valve and one of the idle large circulation valve.
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