CN108224394B - A kind of micro water vapor generating device and method - Google Patents
A kind of micro water vapor generating device and method Download PDFInfo
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- CN108224394B CN108224394B CN201711470801.4A CN201711470801A CN108224394B CN 108224394 B CN108224394 B CN 108224394B CN 201711470801 A CN201711470801 A CN 201711470801A CN 108224394 B CN108224394 B CN 108224394B
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- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F22—STEAM GENERATION
- F22B—METHODS OF STEAM GENERATION; STEAM BOILERS
- F22B1/00—Methods of steam generation characterised by form of heating method
- F22B1/28—Methods of steam generation characterised by form of heating method in boilers heated electrically
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- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F22—STEAM GENERATION
- F22B—METHODS OF STEAM GENERATION; STEAM BOILERS
- F22B35/00—Control systems for steam boilers
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Abstract
The invention discloses a kind of micro water vapor generating device and methods, including air distribution system, steam generating system and constant-temperature condensation system；The air distribution system, steam generating system and constant-temperature condensation system of apparatus of the present invention can be run independently of each other, and each system assembles the present apparatus can be completed after being connected by air delivering pipeline, be easily installed, overall structure is simple；The flow and water bath with thermostatic control temperature that nitrogen need to only be controlled can obtain the steam vapour amount of user's needs, and carrier gas flux and condensation temperature controllable precise, and the continuous-stable supply of tiny flow quantity vapor may be implemented.
Description
Technical field
The present invention relates to a kind of micro water vapor generating device and methods, belong to steam evaporator technical field.
Background technique
Distilled water is steadily injected evaporator by pump by traditional steam evaporator, be gasificated into rapidly after vapor with
Evaporator is left in carrier gas together, and the sample volume by controlling distilled water can accurately control vapor yield.If required water
Vapor volume very little, distilled water can be with form of moisture drops enter evaporator and is unable to continuous sample introduction, so that water steaming can not be generated steadily
Gas.
Bubbling method is also a kind of common vapor occurring mode, can run temperature by changing carrier gas flux and bubbler
It spends to adjust the carrying amount of vapor.In addition to vapor, the atomizing effect of bubbler can also make carrier gas carry a certain amount of small liquid
Drop.Since steam partial pressure is difficult to determine in outlet carrier gas, and influence of the droplet to vapor total amount is also very important, because
Water vapour content can not determine in this carrier gas.
Tiny flow quantity vapor is provided and can accurately control its yield for this purpose, this patent devises a kind of can stablize
Device.
Summary of the invention
It can not stablize for traditional steam evaporator and vapor in tiny flow quantity vapor and Bubbling method mode is provided
The deficiencies of yield is unable to accurately control can stablize the present invention provides one kind and provide tiny flow quantity vapor and can be accurate
Control the device and production method of its yield.
To achieve the above object, the invention is realized by the following technical scheme:
A kind of micro water vapor generating device includes air distribution system, steam generating system and constant-temperature condensation system, distribution system
System includes nitrogen cylinder, and steam generating system includes evaporator and bubbler, and bubbler is set in evaporator, evaporator external
Equipped with electric heating cover, the gas outlet of evaporator is connect with return pipe, and heat tape, constant-temperature condensation system packet are arranged on return pipe
Thermostat water bath and steam-water separator are included, steam-water separator is set in thermostat water bath, steam-water separator and spiral coil
Gas outlet connection, junction are provided with four-way valve, and the heat for detecting spiral coil outlet carrier gas temperature is connected on four-way valve
Resistance and the pressure sensor that nebulizer gas pressure is exported for detecting spiral coil；Wherein, nitrogen cylinder passes through appendix and bubbler
It connects, is disposed with flowmeter and bypath valve along airflow direction on appendix；The air inlet of spiral coil passes through appendix
It is connect with return pipe, junction is provided with triple valve, is connected on triple valve for detecting spiral coil gasinlet temperature
Thermal resistance.
Preferably, liquid level meter is equipped in evaporator, liquid level meter monitors liquid level in evaporator.
Preferably, the return pipe is metal tube.
Preferably, the spiral coil is metal, alloy or the non-metallic material of high thermal conductivity coefficient.
Flowmeter described in air distribution system is for accurately controlling carrier gas flux, and bypath valve is for main after pipe-line system blocking
Pipeline pressure release.
Electric heating cover described in steam generating system provides steady temperature for evaporator, makes the bubbler work in constant temperature
In distilled water.Evaporator is a closed container, has three road entrances, connects air distribution system all the way, carrier gas is introduced the bubbling
Device；Return pipe is connected all the way, makes in carrier gas Returning evaporimeter after superfluous droplet coalescence；Running water pipe is finally connected all the way, and is led to
The liquid level meter is crossed to control liquid level in evaporator.Heat tape is wound on the return pipe, is on the one hand carried for vaporizing
On the other hand part droplet in gas is heated to by the gas of return pipe, prevent pipeline from radiating and making water in carrier gas
Steam largely condenses, and unboiled droplet is after reflux inside pipe wall coalescence because gravity reflux is into evaporator.
Thermostat water bath in constant-temperature condensation system provides constant ambient temperature for the spiral coil, realizes and carries
The constant-temperature condensation of vapor in gas.The third entrance of triple valve is used to arrange thermal resistance, monitoring spiral coil inlet gas temperature
Degree.Carrier gas temperature, can be reduced to the environment temperature of thermostat water bath by a kind of spiral coil actually efficient condenser, be condensed
Extra vapor in carrier gas out makes spiral coil export carrier gas steam partial pressure close to the saturated vapor pressure under bath temperature.Four
The third entrance of port valve arranges thermal resistance, for detecting spiral coil outlet carrier gas temperature, controls as heat tape temperature
Feedback signal, the 4th entrance arrange pressure sensor, monitoring spiral coil export nebulizer gas pressure, can be directly used for vapor
The amendment of partial pressure.
The working principle of apparatus of the present invention: the nitrogen as carrier gas enters evaporator with constant flow velocity, in evaporator
Hot water generates a certain amount of vapor under the action of bubbler, and the nitrogen being blown into will carry the steaming of the part water on bubbler liquid level
Gas, while also carrying the droplet being atomized on a small quantity secretly and entering return pipe；Return pipe by the liquid reflux of condensation into evaporator, and not
The vapor being condensed enters spiral coil through return pipe, enter coil pipe before, need to detect by a thermal resistance into
Enter the temperature of the vapor of coil pipe and the temperature difference of water-bath, the power of heat tape is adjusted with this；Carrier gas enters helical disk
Guan Hou can carry out permanent wall temperature condensation in coil pipe, will be measured by a four-way valve after condensation the temperature of vapor at this time and
Pressure enters steam-water separator convenient for further adjusting heat tape power after condensation, isolate obtain being saturated after liquid it is wet
Gas.
Vapor flow needed for user is converted into vapor flow under standard state by a kind of production method of vapor；
Suitable bath temperature is selected, saturated steam thermodynamic property table is inquired, calculates water vapor concentration；According to the water vapor concentration,
Carrier gas flux under standard state is calculated, if the carrier gas flux exceeds user demand, bath temperature need to be further increased；Based on above-mentioned
As a result, setting water bath with thermostatic control control temperature and mass flowmenter control parameter, are arranged the control temperature of electric heating cover, make evaporator
It is run under compared with elevated operating temperature (such as 90 DEG C), it is ensured that carrier gas can carry enough vapor；The control temperature of heat tape is set,
Ensure that spiral coil intake air temperature is higher by 10 DEG C or more than water bath with thermostatic control temperature；Spiral coil Outlet Gas Temperature is monitored, it is such as high
In water bath with thermostatic control temperature, it need to suitably reduce carrier gas flux or reduce heat tape control temperature；Monitor spiral coil exit gas
Pressure is such as higher than 1atm, is modified, can also close in coil outlets to practical steam vapour amount using Dalton's law (of partial pressures)
Suitable location arrangements air inducing facility, makes the near 1atm of gas pressure.
Beneficial effects of the present invention:
The air distribution system, steam generating system and constant-temperature condensation system of apparatus of the present invention can be run independently of each other, each system
System assembles the present apparatus can be completed after being connected by air delivering pipeline, is easily installed, overall structure is simple；Nitrogen need to only be controlled
Flow and water bath with thermostatic control temperature can obtain the steam vapour amount of user's needs, and carrier gas flux and condensation temperature controllable precise, can
To realize the continuous-stable supply of tiny flow quantity vapor.
Vapor production method of the present invention, first passes through simple calculating, then sets in apparatus of the present invention permanent
Tepidarium controls temperature, mass flowmenter control parameter, the control temperature of electric heating cover, the control temperature for setting heat tape,
Spiral coil Outlet Gas Temperature and spiral coil outlet gas pressure are monitored simultaneously, vapor stream needed for user can be obtained
Amount.
Detailed description of the invention
Fig. 1 shows overall structure of the invention.
Specific embodiment
To make the object, technical solutions and advantages of the present invention clearer, each embodiment of invention will be carried out below
Detailed elaboration.However, it will be understood by those skilled in the art that in each embodiment of the present invention, in order to make reader
It more fully understands the application and proposes more technical details.But even if without these technical details and it is based on following reality
The various changes and modifications of mode are applied, each claim of the application technical solution claimed can also be realized.
Fig. 1 is that a kind of micro water vapor generating device of the present invention includes air distribution system 1,2 and of steam generating system
Constant-temperature condensation system 3, air distribution system include nitrogen cylinder 1-1, and steam generating system includes evaporator 2-2 and bubbler 2-3, are bubbled
Device 2-3 is a kind of micropore gas distributor, and for generating micro-bubble, bubbler 2-3 is set in evaporator 2-2, evaporator
Liquid level meter 2-4 is equipped in 2-2, the outer surface evaporator 2-2 is equipped with electric heating cover 2-1, the gas outlet of evaporator 2-2 and return pipe 2-
5 connect, and are arranged with heat tape 2-6 on return pipe 2-5, constant-temperature condensation system includes thermostat water bath 3-1 and steam-water separator
3-5, steam-water separator 3-5 are set in thermostat water bath 3-1, and the gas outlet of steam-water separator 3-5 and spiral coil 3-3 connect
It connects, junction is provided with four-way valve 3-4；Wherein, nitrogen cylinder 1-1 is connect by appendix with bubbler 2-3, along gas on appendix
Stream direction is disposed with flowmeter 1-2 and bypath valve 1-3；The air inlet of spiral coil 3-3 passes through appendix and return pipe
2-5 connection, junction are provided with triple valve 3-2.
Return pipe 2-5 described in embodiment of the present invention is metal tube, and spiral coil 3-3 is the metal of high thermal conductivity coefficient
Material.
Vapor flow needed for user is converted into vapor flow under standard state by a kind of production method of vapor；
Suitable bath temperature is selected, saturated steam thermodynamic property table is inquired, calculates water vapor concentration；According to the water vapor concentration,
Carrier gas flux under standard state is calculated, if the carrier gas flux exceeds user demand, bath temperature need to be further increased；Based on above-mentioned
As a result, setting water bath with thermostatic control control temperature and mass flowmenter control parameter, are arranged the control temperature of electric heating cover, make evaporator
It is run under compared with elevated operating temperature (such as 90 DEG C), it is ensured that carrier gas can carry enough vapor；The control temperature of heat tape is set,
Ensure that spiral coil intake air temperature is higher by 10 DEG C or more than water bath with thermostatic control temperature；Spiral coil Outlet Gas Temperature is monitored, it is such as high
In water bath with thermostatic control temperature, it need to suitably reduce carrier gas flux or reduce heat tape control temperature；Monitor spiral coil exit gas
Pressure is such as higher than 1atm, is modified, can also close in coil outlets to practical steam vapour amount using Dalton's law (of partial pressures)
Suitable location arrangements air inducing facility, makes the near 1atm of gas pressure.
Embodiment 1:
As user needs mixed gas flow q=1000mL/min, temperature t1=80 DEG C, wherein water vapor concentration c1=
5%, it is desirable that carrier gas flux must not be higher than 350sccm.Assuming that spiral coil cooling effect is good enough, carrier gas temperature t is exported0With perseverance
Warm water bath temperature t2Unanimously, nebulizer gas pressure p is exported0=1atm.
Vapor flow in mixed gas: q1=q × c1=1000 × 5%=50mL/min；
Vapor flow under standard state: q1,0=q1×273/(273+t1)=50 × 273/353=38.67sccm.
Assuming that bath temperature t2=50 DEG C, then export carrier gas temperature t0=50 DEG C, according to the thermodynamic properties of saturated steam,
T can be obtained0=50 DEG C, p0Saturated vapor pressure p=0.012345MPa under=1atm state.
Water vapor concentration in carrier gas:
Carrier gas flux under required standard state: q2=q1,0/c2-q1,0=38.67/0.1218-38.67=278.82sccm
According to above-mentioned calculated result, water bath with thermostatic control control temperature and mass flowmenter control parameter are set；And electricity is set and is added
Hot jacket is controlled at 90 DEG C；It adjusts heat tape and controls temperature, making spiral coil gasinlet temperature is about 65 DEG C；At this point,
The steam vapour amount that carrier gas carries is met the needs of users just.
Embodiment 2:
As user needs mixed gas flow q=1000mL/min, temperature t1=80 DEG C, wherein water vapor concentration c1=
5%, it is desirable that carrier gas flux must not be higher than 250sccm.Assuming that spiral coil cooling effect is good enough, carrier gas temperature t is exported0With perseverance
Warm water bath temperature t2Unanimously, nebulizer gas pressure p is exported0=1atm.
Vapor flow in mixed gas:
Vapor flow under standard state: q1,0=q1×273/(273+t1)=50 × 273/353=38.67sccm.
Assuming that bath temperature t2=50 DEG C, then export carrier gas temperature t0=50 DEG C, according to the thermodynamic properties of saturated steam,
T can be obtained0=50 DEG C, p0Saturated vapor pressure p=0.012345MPa under=1atm state.
Water vapor concentration in carrier gas:
Carrier gas flux under required standard state: q2=q1,0/c2-q1,0=38.67/0.1218-38.67=278.82sccm
The carrier gas flux has had exceeded user demand range, in order to carry above-mentioned steam vapour amount, needs to improve water bath with thermostatic control
Temperature.
Assume again that bath temperature t2=55 DEG C, then export carrier gas temperature t0=55 DEG C, according to the heating power of saturated steam
T can be obtained in matter0=55 DEG C, p0Saturated vapor pressure p=0.015743MPa under=1atm state.
Water vapor concentration in carrier gas:
Carrier gas flux under required standard state: q2=q '1/c2-q′1=38.67/0.1554-38.67=210.17sccm
According to second of calculated result, water bath with thermostatic control control temperature and mass flowmenter control parameter are set；And electricity is set
Heating mantle is controlled at 90 DEG C；It adjusts heat tape and controls temperature, making spiral coil gasinlet temperature is about 70 DEG C；This
When, the steam vapour amount that carrier gas carries is met the needs of users just.
Embodiment 3:
As user needs mixed gas flow q=1000mL/min, temperature t1=80 DEG C, wherein water vapor concentration c1=
5%, it is desirable that carrier gas flux must not be higher than 350sccm.Assuming that spiral coil cooling effect is general, carrier gas temperature t is exported0Higher than perseverance
Warm water bath temperature t1, outlet pressure p0=1atm.Assuming that bath temperature is 50 DEG C, and exporting carrier gas temperature is 55 DEG C, and water steams at this time
Gas carrying amount is different from embodiment 1, can control vapor carrying amount by adjusting carrier gas flux and outlet carrier gas temperature respectively.
A) carrier gas flux scheme is adjusted
Vapor flow in mixed gas: q1=q × c1=1000 × 5%=50mL/min；
Vapor flow under standard state: q1,0=q1×273/(273+t1)=50 × 273/353=38.67sccm.
According to the thermodynamic properties of saturated steam, t can be obtained0=55 DEG C, p0Saturated vapor pressure p=under=1atm state
0.015743MPa。
Water vapor concentration in carrier gas:
Carrier gas flux under required standard state: q2=q1,0/c2-q1,0=38.67/0.1554-38.67=210.17sccm
Set water bath with thermostatic control control temperature and mass flowmenter control parameter；And electric heating cover is set controlled at 90
℃；It adjusts heat tape and controls temperature, making spiral coil gasinlet temperature is about 70 DEG C；The vapor that carrier gas carries after adjustment
Amount is met the needs of users just.
B) adjustment outlet carrier gas temperature scheme
Since spiral coil cooling effect is general, 50 DEG C are reduced to ensure to export carrier gas temperature, entrance carrier gas should be reduced
Temperature reduces the set temperature of heat tape temperature controller.Set temperature value range of decrease size, is changed with environment temperature, convection current
The many factors such as hot coefficient, heating tape material property parameter are related, need finally determine after repeatedly attempting.
Embodiment 4:
As user needs mixed gas flow q=1000mL/min, temperature t1=80 DEG C, wherein water vapor concentration c1=
5%, it is desirable that carrier gas flux must not be higher than 350sccm.Assuming that spiral coil cooling effect is good enough, carrier gas temperature t is exported0With perseverance
Warm water bath temperature t2Unanimously, carrier gas q is exported1=q × c1=1000 × 5%=50mL/min；Pressure p0=1.1atm.Water at this time
Steam carrying amount can also change, and can adjust carrying amount by two methods:
A) Dalton's law (of partial pressures)
Vapor flow needed for mixed gas: q1=q × c1=1000 × 5%=50mL/min；
Vapor flow under standard state: q1,0=q1×273/(273+t1)=50 × 273/353=38.67sccm.
According to the thermodynamic properties of saturated steam, saturated vapor pressure p=under t '=50 DEG C, p '=1atm state can be obtained
0.012345MPa；
At this point, water vapor concentration in carrier gas:
Carrier gas flux under required standard state: q2=q1,0/c2-q1,0=38.67/0.1108-38.67=310.34sccm
Set water bath with thermostatic control control temperature and mass flowmenter control parameter；And electric heating cover is set controlled at 90
℃；It adjusts heat tape and controls temperature, making spiral coil gasinlet temperature is about 65 DEG C；Carrier gas carrying amount is increased to
310.34sccm, steam vapour amount needed for mixed gas can be carried just.
B) coil outlets arrange air inducing facility
There are certain limitations when the present embodiment is using Dalton's law (of partial pressures), such as saturated vapour pressure and t under discharge state0
=55 DEG C, p0Deviation is had when=1atm state, calculated result there may be certain error.It can be arranged in coil outlets suitable position
Air inducing facility, offsetting the pressure loss at user just can be used embodiment near 1atm of coil outlet pressure or so
1 calculation method.
Embodiments herein, which simply facilitates, illustrates process and principle of the invention, is not restricted to the application.In reality
In the application of border, some changes can be made to it in the form and details, and without prejudice to spirit herein and scope.
Claims (5)
1. a kind of micro water vapor generating device, it is characterised in that: including air distribution system (1), steam generating system (2) and constant temperature
Condenser system (3), air distribution system include nitrogen cylinder (1-1), and steam generating system includes evaporator (2-2) and bubbler (2-3),
Bubbler (2-3) is set in evaporator (2-2), and the evaporator outer surface (2-2) is equipped with electric heating cover (2-1), evaporator (2-2)
Gas outlet connect with return pipe (2-5), be arranged on return pipe (2-5) heat tape (2-6), constant-temperature condensation system include perseverance
Warm water bath (3-1) and steam-water separator (3-5), steam-water separator (3-5) are set in thermostat water bath (3-1), carbonated drink point
It is connect from device (3-5) with the gas outlet of spiral coil (3-3), junction is provided with four-way valve (3-4)；Connect on four-way valve (3-4)
It is connected to the thermal resistance for detecting spiral coil Outlet Gas Temperature and the pressure for detecting spiral coil outlet gas pressure
Sensor；Wherein, nitrogen cylinder (1-1) is connect by appendix with bubbler (2-3), is set gradually on appendix along airflow direction
There are flowmeter (1-2) and bypath valve (1-3)；The air inlet of spiral coil (3-3) is connected by appendix and return pipe (2-5)
It connects, junction is provided with triple valve (3-2), and the thermoelectricity for detecting spiral coil intake air temperature is connected on triple valve (3-2)
Resistance.
2. micro water vapor generating device according to claim 1, it is characterised in that: be equipped with liquid level in evaporator (2-2)
Device (2-4).
3. micro water vapor generating device according to claim 1, it is characterised in that: the return pipe (2-5) is metal
Pipe.
4. micro water vapor generating device according to claim 1, it is characterised in that: the spiral coil (3-3) is height
The metal or non-metallic material of thermal coefficient.
5. a kind of production method of vapor, it is characterised in that: by a kind of micro water vapor generating device, described one kind is micro
Water vapor generation device includes that air distribution system (1), steam generating system (2) and constant-temperature condensation system (3), air distribution system include nitrogen
Gas cylinder (1-1), steam generating system include evaporator (2-2) and bubbler (2-3), and bubbler (2-3) is set to evaporator (2-
2) in, the evaporator outer surface (2-2) is equipped with electric heating cover (2-1), and the gas outlet of evaporator (2-2) is connect with return pipe (2-5),
It is arranged on return pipe (2-5) heat tape (2-6), constant-temperature condensation system includes thermostat water bath (3-1) and steam-water separator
(3-5), steam-water separator (3-5) are set in thermostat water bath (3-1), steam-water separator (3-5) and spiral coil (3-3)
Gas outlet connection, junction is provided with four-way valve (3-4)；It is connected on four-way valve (3-4) and works off one's feeling vent one's spleen for detecting spiral coil
The thermal resistance of temperature and pressure sensor for detecting spiral coil outlet gas pressure；Wherein, nitrogen cylinder (1-1) passes through
Appendix is connect with bubbler (2-3), is disposed with flowmeter (1-2) and bypath valve (1- along airflow direction on appendix
3)；The air inlet of spiral coil (3-3) is connect by appendix with return pipe (2-5), and junction is provided with triple valve (3-2),
The thermal resistance for detecting spiral coil intake air temperature is connected on triple valve (3-2)；Production method includes:
Vapor flow needed for user is converted into vapor flow under standard state；Suitable bath temperature is selected, inquiry is full
With vapor thermodynamic property table, water vapor concentration is calculated；According to the water vapor concentration, carrier gas flux under standard state is calculated, if
The carrier gas flux exceeds user demand, need to further increase bath temperature；Based on the above results, sets water bath with thermostatic control and control temperature
With flowmeter control parameter, the control temperature of electric heating cover is set, sets the control temperature of heat tape, it is ensured that spiral coil into
Temperature degree is higher by 10 DEG C or more than water bath with thermostatic control temperature；Spiral coil Outlet Gas Temperature is monitored, water bath with thermostatic control temperature is such as higher than,
Carrier gas flux need to suitably be reduced or reduce heat tape control temperature；Spiral coil outlet gas pressure is monitored, 1atm is such as higher than,
Practical steam vapour amount is modified using Dalton's law (of partial pressures), or in coil outlets location arrangements air inducing facility, is made
Gas pressure is down to 1atm.
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| CN111293192A (en) * | 2020-02-25 | 2020-06-16 | 东方日升（常州）新能源有限公司 | Method for controlling water vapor in vacuum cavity during preparation of TCO film of solar cell |
| CN111928224B (en) * | 2020-08-14 | 2022-09-20 | 西安建筑科技大学 | Controllable flow temperature control liquid evaporator |
| CN112169668A (en) * | 2020-09-21 | 2021-01-05 | 河南省计量科学研究院 | Dynamic volume saturated gas generator and generation system based on condensation saturation |
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| CN105716062A (en) * | 2016-02-26 | 2016-06-29 | 西北大学 | Water steam generation device for quantitatively controlling steam amount of outlet and use method |
| CN205842614U (en) * | 2016-07-17 | 2016-12-28 | 漳州妹族工业设计有限公司 | A kind of steam generator with microbubble water machine |
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| CN108224394A (en) | 2018-06-29 |
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