CN108223318B - Three-pressure three-heat solar thermal power generation system based on combined energy storage - Google Patents
Three-pressure three-heat solar thermal power generation system based on combined energy storage Download PDFInfo
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- CN108223318B CN108223318B CN201810101282.2A CN201810101282A CN108223318B CN 108223318 B CN108223318 B CN 108223318B CN 201810101282 A CN201810101282 A CN 201810101282A CN 108223318 B CN108223318 B CN 108223318B
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- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F03—MACHINES OR ENGINES FOR LIQUIDS; WIND, SPRING, OR WEIGHT MOTORS; PRODUCING MECHANICAL POWER OR A REACTIVE PROPULSIVE THRUST, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
- F03G—SPRING, WEIGHT, INERTIA OR LIKE MOTORS; MECHANICAL-POWER PRODUCING DEVICES OR MECHANISMS, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR OR USING ENERGY SOURCES NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
- F03G6/00—Devices for producing mechanical power from solar energy
- F03G6/06—Devices for producing mechanical power from solar energy with solar energy concentrating means
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- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F01—MACHINES OR ENGINES IN GENERAL; ENGINE PLANTS IN GENERAL; STEAM ENGINES
- F01D—NON-POSITIVE DISPLACEMENT MACHINES OR ENGINES, e.g. STEAM TURBINES
- F01D15/00—Adaptations of machines or engines for special use; Combinations of engines with devices driven thereby
- F01D15/10—Adaptations for driving, or combinations with, electric generators
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- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02E—REDUCTION OF GREENHOUSE GAS [GHG] EMISSIONS, RELATED TO ENERGY GENERATION, TRANSMISSION OR DISTRIBUTION
- Y02E10/00—Energy generation through renewable energy sources
- Y02E10/40—Solar thermal energy, e.g. solar towers
- Y02E10/46—Conversion of thermal power into mechanical power, e.g. Rankine, Stirling or solar thermal engines
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- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02E—REDUCTION OF GREENHOUSE GAS [GHG] EMISSIONS, RELATED TO ENERGY GENERATION, TRANSMISSION OR DISTRIBUTION
- Y02E20/00—Combustion technologies with mitigation potential
- Y02E20/14—Combined heat and power generation [CHP]
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Abstract
The invention discloses a three-pressure three-heat solar thermal power generation system based on combined energy storage, which mainly comprises a heat collecting mechanism, a heat accumulating mechanism, a heat exchanging mechanism, a steam turbine mechanism and a power generation mechanism. The heat collecting mechanism, the heat accumulating mechanism, the heat exchanging mechanism, the steam turbine mechanism and the power generating mechanism form two closed circulation structures, meanwhile, each heat storage tank in the heat accumulating mechanism, each heat exchanger in the heat exchanging mechanism, the steam generator and the steam turbine mechanism transfer and convert solar energy, heat energy of combined energy storage fluid and steam and mechanical energy and electric energy of the steam turbine, circulation use of cold combined energy storage fluid is realized, energy utilization rate is improved, and loss of equipment materials is reduced.
Description
Technical Field
The invention relates to the technical field of solar thermal power generation, in particular to a three-pressure three-heat solar thermal power generation system based on combined energy storage.
Background
In recent years, with the continuous development of the global industry, the demand of human beings for various energy sources is increasing. The thermal power generation, hydroelectric power generation, nuclear power generation, wind power generation and solar energy generation amounts of 2016 in China respectively account for 70.4%, 21.7%, 3.7%, 3.5% and 0.7%. It is well known that fossil raw materials are limited and are prone to serious environmental and climatic problems such as global warming, ozone layer voids, etc.; the power generation risk of the nuclear power station is high, and the problems of treating reactor waste, leakage danger, preventing potential accidents and the like are not solved well at present. Renewable energy power generation has small influence on the environment, low cost and wide resource distribution, and according to the national energy development strategy, the renewable energy proportion of China reaches the total target of the installed capacity of a small hydropower station, wind power generation, biomass power generation, geothermal power generation and solar power generation system of 1.37 hundred million kW by 2020. China is one of the most abundant countries of solar energy resources, the annual sunshine hours in the area of more than 2/3 of the total area of the whole country exceeds 2000 hours, and the annual radiation quantity is 5000MJ/m 2 The overall distribution exhibits a high north-south and a high east-low west.
Compared with photovoltaic power generation, solar photo-thermal power generation has great advantages in various aspects such as economic performance, technology, environmental protection and the like. According to the international atomic energy organization, the cost of solar thermal power generation by 2020 is expected to be reduced to below 6 America. The nature of the solar photo-thermal power station is that heat energy is converted and stored, and the solar energy can be stored in a heat energy form when power generation is not needed; when no solar radiation exists, the stored heat energy is released again to generate electric energy, and the continuous and stable operation of the system is maintained. In recent years, the investment and the technical accumulation of photo-thermal power generation in China are more remarkable, the technical innovation strategy alliance of the solar photo-thermal production industry is established, the strength of each link in the photo-thermal power generation industry chain is optimized and integrated, and the method and the device for condensing light, high-temperature heat transfer and storage, system integration, control optimization and the like are substantially developed.
Solar thermal power generation systems are mainly classified into two main categories, i.e., a focusing type and an unfocusing type. The focusing system can be divided into a groove type system, a tower type system and a disc type system according to the difference of the solar energy collectors, and the non-focusing system mainly comprises a solar energy hot air flow power generation system and a solar energy pool heat power generation system. Solar energy is transmitted to a heat exchange working medium through a solar heat absorber by utilizing a condenser to gather sunlight, and finally solar thermal power generation can be realized through a working medium thermodynamic device. China, especially western regions, has rich solar energy resources, and the sunshine duration of Qinghai-Tibet and other places is up to more than 3 kilohours. Therefore, the solar energy utilization has wide development prospect in China.
The modern thermal power plant is further improved on the basis of the Kano cycle, steam turbine exhaust steam is completely condensed into water in a condenser, the water is developed into a water pump to replace a compressor to form a basic cycle-Rankine cycle of the steam power plant, and working media continuously perform four processes of heat absorption, expansion, heat release, compression and the like in thermal equipment, so that heat energy is continuously converted into mechanical energy. The good energy storage system plays a key role in improving energy safety and energy efficiency in the aspects of energy conversion, distribution, use and the like. However, in practical applications, there are still many problems to be solved in the wide application of solar thermal power generation due to the drawbacks of intermittent, low density and instability, difficulty in continuous supply, low utilization rate, and the like of solar energy. How to realize continuous and efficient solar thermal power generation becomes the key of the research of the current solar thermal power generation technology.
Disclosure of Invention
The invention aims to overcome the defects in the prior art, and provides a three-pressure three-heat solar thermal power generation system based on combined energy storage. The three-pressure three-heat solar thermal power generation system based on the combined energy storage has a closed circulation structure, improves the energy utilization rate, and solves the problems of intermittent and continuous supply of solar energy.
The aim of the invention is achieved by the following technical scheme: the three-pressure three-heat solar thermal power generation system based on the combined energy storage comprises a heat collection mechanism, a heat storage mechanism, a heat exchange mechanism, a steam turbine mechanism and a power generation mechanism, wherein the heat exchange mechanism comprises a first heat exchanger, a second heat exchanger, a third heat exchanger, a fourth heat exchanger, a steam generator and a cold tank, and the steam turbine mechanism comprises a high-pressure cylinder, a medium-pressure cylinder, a low-pressure cylinder, a first steam trap, a second steam trap, a third steam trap, a fourth steam trap and a deaerator;
the inlets of the cold-path channels of the first heat exchanger, the second heat exchanger and the third heat exchanger are connected with the heat storage mechanism, the outlets of the cold-path channels of the first heat exchanger, the second heat exchanger and the third heat exchanger are connected with the heat collection mechanism, and the heat collection mechanism is connected with the heat storage mechanism;
the inlets of the heat path channels of the first heat exchanger, the second heat exchanger and the third heat exchanger are connected with a steam generator, the outlets of the heat path channels of the first heat exchanger, the second heat exchanger and the third heat exchanger are respectively connected with the inlets of the high-pressure cylinder, the medium-pressure cylinder and the low-pressure cylinder, and the steam generator is connected with the outlet of the cold tank through a cold liquid pump;
the first high-pressure outlet of the high-pressure cylinder is connected with the medium-pressure cylinder through a cold-stroke channel of the first steam trap, the outlet of the first heat exchanger is also connected with a hot-stroke channel of the first steam trap, and the second high-pressure outlet of the high-pressure cylinder is connected with the inlet of the deaerator through a cold-stroke channel of the second steam trap; the first medium pressure outlet of the medium pressure cylinder is directly connected with the low pressure cylinder, the second medium pressure outlet of the medium pressure cylinder is directly connected with the inlet of the deaerator, and the third medium pressure outlet of the medium pressure cylinder is connected with the inlet of the deaerator through a cold path channel of the third steam trap; the first low-pressure outlet of the low-pressure cylinder is connected with a generator of the power generation mechanism, the second low-pressure outlet of the low-pressure cylinder is connected with a cold-path channel of the fourth steam trap through a condenser of the power generation mechanism, and the third low-pressure outlet of the low-pressure cylinder is directly connected with the cold-path channel of the fourth steam trap; the outlet of the deaerator is connected with the cold tank after sequentially passing through the cold path channel of the third steam trap, the cold path channel of the second steam trap and the cold path channel of the fourth heat exchanger.
Preferably, the heat collecting mechanism comprises a double-parabolic-surface disc type solar concentrator group, a three-heat composite positive-displacement solar heat absorber group, a vacuum pump and a combined energy storage fluid tank, wherein the double-parabolic-surface disc type solar concentrator group and the three-heat composite positive-displacement solar heat absorber group are connected, an outlet connected with the three-heat composite positive-displacement solar heat absorber group is connected with the heat storage mechanism, an inlet connected with the three-heat composite positive-displacement solar heat absorber group is connected with an outlet of the combined energy storage fluid tank through the vacuum pump, and outlets of cold path channels of the first heat exchanger, the second heat exchanger and the third heat exchanger are connected with an inlet of the combined energy storage fluid tank.
Preferably, the combined energy storage hot fluid in the combined energy storage fluid tank mainly comprises heavy oil and phase change microcapsules; the phase change microcapsule is prepared from any one of urea formaldehyde resin, melamine resin and melamine-formaldehyde resin.
Preferably, the vacuum pumps have two, and the two vacuum pumps are arranged in parallel.
Preferably, the three-heat composite positive-displacement solar heat absorber group is composed of a plurality of three-heat composite positive-displacement solar heat absorbers, and the double-parabolic dish solar concentrator group is composed of double-parabolic dish solar concentrators, the number of which is equal to that of the three-heat composite positive-displacement solar heat absorbers.
Preferably, the heat storage mechanism comprises a high-temperature heat storage tank, a medium-temperature heat storage tank and a low-temperature heat storage tank, the inlets of the high-temperature heat storage tank, the medium-temperature heat storage tank and the low-temperature heat storage tank are connected with the outlet of the three-heat composite positive-displacement solar heat absorber group, and the outlets of the high-temperature heat storage tank, the medium-temperature heat storage tank and the low-temperature heat storage tank are respectively connected with the inlets of the heat path channels of the first heat exchanger, the second heat exchanger and the third heat exchanger.
Preferably, the power generation mechanism comprises a power generator, a transformer, a power transmission line and a condenser, wherein the power generator is connected with the power transmission line through the transformer, an outlet of a cold-path channel of the condenser is connected with a cold-path channel of the fourth steam trap through a condensing pump, and an inlet of the cold-path channel of the condenser is connected with another low-pressure outlet of the low-pressure cylinder.
Preferably, the cold-liquid pump has two cold-liquid pumps, and the two cold-liquid pumps are arranged in parallel.
Compared with the prior art, the invention has the following advantages:
1. the invention effectively utilizes a closed circulation structure, adopts three temperature heat exchangers (namely a first heat exchanger, a second heat exchanger and a third heat exchanger), a steam generator and a cold tank to realize the transfer and conversion of solar energy, combined energy storage fluid heat energy, three pressure steam heat energy and steam turbine mechanical energy and electric energy, realizes the circulation use of cold and combined energy storage fluid, and improves the energy utilization rate.
2. The invention stores the solar energy collected by the heat collecting mechanism by adopting the heat accumulating mechanism, and the heat accumulating mechanism can provide continuous heat energy for the heat exchanger, thereby solving the problems of intermittent solar energy, low density, instability, difficulty in continuous supply and the like.
3. The invention can be matched with the existing three-pressure steam turbine power generation technology, can be better connected with the existing thermal power generation system, and does not need to change the existing equipment in a large range.
4. The invention further ensures the realization of stable and efficient storage of solar energy through the sensible heat of heavy oil and the latent heat of phase change microcapsule, and can obtain the combined energy storage thermal fluid with three different temperatures of high, medium and low during heat release. In the heat exchange process, the cyclic utilization of cold fluid is realized, and the volume of the cold tank is reduced.
5. The heat collecting mechanism obtains heat energy with three temperatures of high, medium and low, and converts the heat energy into steam with three temperatures of high, medium and low through heat exchange, so that the heat collecting mechanism is used for generating electricity of a three-pressure steam turbine, and the good thermal performance of the Rankine cycle technology in the three temperature ranges of high, medium and low is fully utilized to organically combine with the solar heat collecting technology with different grade temperatures, and the heat loss can be effectively reduced and the photo-thermal conversion efficiency can be improved through the internal control of the system.
Drawings
Fig. 1 is a schematic structural diagram of a combined energy storage-based three-pressure three-heat solar thermal power generation system of the invention.
Fig. 2 is a schematic structural view of the heat collecting mechanism of the present invention.
Wherein 1 is a heat collection mechanism, 1-1 is a double-parabolic-surface disc type solar concentrator group, 1-1-1 is a double-parabolic-surface disc type solar concentrator, 1-2 is a three-heat composite positive-displacement solar absorber group, 1-2-1 is a three-heat composite positive-displacement solar absorber, 1-3 is a vacuum pump, 1-4 is a combined energy storage fluid tank, 2 is a heat storage mechanism, 2-1 is a high-temperature heat storage tank, 2-2 is a medium-temperature heat storage tank, 2-3 is a low-temperature heat storage tank, 3 is a heat exchange mechanism, 3-1 is a first heat exchanger, 3-2 is a second heat exchanger, 3-3 is a third heat exchanger, 3-4 is a fourth heat exchanger, 3-5 is a steam generator, 3-6 is a cold tank, 3-7 is a cold liquid pump, 4 is a steam turbine mechanism, 4-1 is a high-pressure cylinder, 4-2 is a medium-pressure cylinder, 4-3 is a low-pressure cylinder, 4-4 is a first steam trap, 4-5 is a second steam trap, 4-6 is a third steam trap, 4-7 is a fourth steam trap, 4-8 is a deaerator, 5 is a power generation mechanism, 5-1 is a generator, 5-2 is a transformer, 5-3 is a power transmission line, 5-4 is a condenser, 5-5 is a condensing pump, D1-D36 are stop valves, the stop valves are used for controlling the opening and closing of pipelines in the whole system, and TIC 1-TIC 5 are temperature display instruments for detecting the temperatures in various tank bodies (a combined energy storage fluid tank, a medium-temperature hot storage tank and a cold tank).
Detailed Description
The invention is further described below with reference to the drawings and examples.
The three-pressure three-heat solar thermal power generation system based on the combined energy storage, as shown in fig. 1, comprises a heat collection mechanism, a heat storage mechanism, a heat exchange mechanism, a steam turbine mechanism and a power generation mechanism, wherein the heat exchange mechanism comprises a first heat exchanger, a second heat exchanger, a third heat exchanger, a fourth heat exchanger, a steam generator and a cold tank, and the steam turbine mechanism comprises a high-pressure cylinder, a medium-pressure cylinder, a low-pressure cylinder, a first steam trap, a second steam trap, a third steam trap, a fourth steam trap and a deaerator;
the inlets of the cold-path channels of the first heat exchanger, the second heat exchanger and the third heat exchanger are connected with the heat storage mechanism, the outlets of the cold-path channels of the first heat exchanger, the second heat exchanger and the third heat exchanger are connected with the heat collection mechanism, and the heat collection mechanism is connected with the heat storage mechanism;
the inlets of the heat path channels of the first heat exchanger, the second heat exchanger and the third heat exchanger are connected with a steam generator, the outlets of the heat path channels of the first heat exchanger, the second heat exchanger and the third heat exchanger are respectively connected with the inlets of the high-pressure cylinder, the medium-pressure cylinder and the low-pressure cylinder, and the steam generator is connected with the outlet of the cold tank through a cold liquid pump;
the first high-pressure outlet of the high-pressure cylinder is connected with the medium-pressure cylinder through a cold-stroke channel of the first steam trap, the outlet of the first heat exchanger is also connected with a hot-stroke channel of the first steam trap, and the second high-pressure outlet of the high-pressure cylinder is connected with the inlet of the deaerator through a cold-stroke channel of the second steam trap; the first medium pressure outlet of the medium pressure cylinder is directly connected with the low pressure cylinder, the second medium pressure outlet of the medium pressure cylinder is directly connected with the inlet of the deaerator, and the third medium pressure outlet of the medium pressure cylinder is connected with the inlet of the deaerator through a cold path channel of the third steam trap; the first low-pressure outlet of the low-pressure cylinder is connected with a generator of the power generation mechanism, the second low-pressure outlet of the low-pressure cylinder is connected with a cold-path channel of the fourth steam trap through a condenser of the power generation mechanism, and the third low-pressure outlet of the low-pressure cylinder is directly connected with the cold-path channel of the fourth steam trap; the method comprises the steps of carrying out a first treatment on the surface of the The outlet of the deaerator is connected with the cold tank after sequentially passing through the cold path channel of the third steam trap, the cold path channel of the second steam trap and the cold path channel of the fourth heat exchanger.
The cold path channel of the first heat exchanger, the cold path channel of the second heat exchanger, the third heat exchange, the heat collection mechanism and the heat storage mechanism form one of closed circulation structures, namely the combined energy storage heat fluid flows in the closed circulation structures formed by the cold path channel of the first heat exchanger, the cold path channel of the second heat exchanger, the third heat exchange, the heat collection mechanism and the heat storage mechanism, so that the combined energy storage heat fluid can be recycled, and the loss of materials is reduced; the heat path of the first heat exchanger, the heat path of the second heat exchanger, the third heat exchanger, the steam generator, the high-pressure cylinder, the medium-pressure cylinder, the low-pressure cylinder, the cold tank and the like form another closed circulation structure, so that after the heat is absorbed by the steam generated by the cold tank in the first heat exchanger, the second heat exchanger and the third heat exchanger, the heat-absorbed steam is then fed into the high-pressure cylinder, the medium-pressure cylinder and the low-pressure cylinder in the steam turbine mechanism to do work, the heat energy is released by the steam to become liquid water, the water is returned to the cold tank after passing through the steam traps (namely the first steam trap, the second steam trap, the third steam trap and the fourth steam trap) and the oxygen remover, and the cold liquid pump is used for pumping the water into the steam generator again, so that the liquid water is changed into steam and fed into the first heat exchanger, the second heat exchanger and the third heat exchanger. The water is in a liquid state to a vapor state in the closed circulation structure and then is changed into a liquid state from the vapor state, namely, the water is in liquid-vapor state conversion in the closed circulation, so that a high-pressure cylinder, a medium-pressure cylinder and a low-pressure cylinder in the steam turbine mechanism do work, and the water can be recycled.
The invention adopts two closed circulation structures, adopts three temperature heat exchangers, a steam generator and a water delivery system to realize the transfer and conversion of solar energy, combined energy storage fluid heat energy, three pressure steam heat energy and steam turbine mechanical energy and electric energy in the system, realizes the circulation use of cold and combined energy storage fluid, and improves the energy utilization rate.
As shown in fig. 2, the heat collecting mechanism comprises a double-parabolic-surface disc type solar concentrator group, a three-heat composite positive-displacement solar absorber group, a vacuum pump and a combined energy storage fluid tank, wherein the double-parabolic-surface disc type solar concentrator group and the three-heat composite positive-displacement solar absorber group are connected, an outlet connected with the three-heat composite positive-displacement solar absorber group is connected with the heat accumulating mechanism, an inlet connected with the three-heat composite positive-displacement solar absorber group is connected with an outlet of the combined energy storage fluid tank through the vacuum pump, and outlets of cold-process channels of the first heat exchanger, the second heat exchanger and the third heat exchanger are connected with an inlet of the combined energy storage fluid tank. The three-heat composite positive-displacement solar heat absorber group consists of a plurality of three-heat composite positive-displacement solar heat absorbers, and the double-parabolic dish type solar concentrator group consists of double-parabolic dish type solar concentrators, the number of which is equal to that of the three-heat composite positive-displacement solar heat absorbers. The combined energy storage heat fluid is discharged from each three-heat composite positive-displacement solar heat absorber of the combined energy storage fluid tank through a vacuum pump, the three-heat composite positive-displacement solar heat absorbers absorb solar energy collected by the double-parabolic dish type solar concentrator, so that the combined energy storage heat fluid positioned in the three-heat composite positive-displacement solar heat absorber is heated, the combined energy storage heat fluid has three different temperatures, the three different temperatures of the combined energy storage heat fluid respectively enter a high-temperature heat storage tank, a medium-temperature heat storage tank and a low-temperature heat storage tank, and then corresponding heat energy is provided for the first heat exchanger, the second heat exchanger and the third heat exchanger respectively, so that steam generated by the steam generator is heated.
The combined energy storage hot fluid in the combined energy storage fluid tank mainly comprises heavy oil and phase change microcapsules; the phase change microcapsule is prepared from any one of urea formaldehyde resin, melamine resin and melamine-formaldehyde resin.
The vacuum pumps are two, and the two vacuum pumps are arranged in parallel. The two vacuum pumps can be operated in a standby mode, and even if one vacuum pump is damaged and maintenance is carried out, the other vacuum pump can be used continuously, so that the operation of the whole system is not affected.
The heat storage mechanism comprises a high-temperature heat storage tank, a medium-temperature heat storage tank and a low-temperature heat storage tank, wherein inlets of the high-temperature heat storage tank, the medium-temperature heat storage tank and the low-temperature heat storage tank are connected with outlets of the three-heat composite positive-displacement solar heat absorber group, and outlets of the high-temperature heat storage tank, the medium-temperature heat storage tank and the low-temperature heat storage tank are connected with inlets of heat range channels of the first heat exchanger, the second heat exchanger and the third heat exchanger respectively.
The power generation mechanism comprises a power generator, a transformer, a power transmission line and a condenser, wherein the power generator is connected with the power transmission line through the transformer, an outlet of a cold-stroke channel of the condenser is connected with a cold-stroke channel of a fourth steam trap through a condensing pump, and an inlet of the cold-stroke channel of the condenser is connected with another low-pressure outlet of the low-pressure cylinder.
The cold-liquid pumps are two, and the two cold-liquid pumps are arranged in parallel. The two cold-liquid pumps can operate in one by one, and even if one cold-liquid pump is damaged and is maintained, the other cold-liquid pump can be continuously used without influencing the operation of the whole system.
The working process of the three-pressure three-heat solar thermal power generation system based on the combined energy storage is as follows:
and (3) heat storage process: the combined energy storage fluid stored in the combined energy storage fluid tank is conveyed into the three-heat combined positive-displacement solar heat absorber group through the vacuum pump, and the high, medium and low temperature combined energy storage hot fluid obtained by the three-heat combined positive-displacement solar heat absorber group respectively enters the corresponding high-temperature hot storage tank, the medium-temperature hot storage tank and the low-temperature hot storage tank to temporarily store heat in the form of sensible heat of heavy oil and latent heat of phase change microcapsules.
The heat release process is as follows: the high, medium and low temperature combined energy storage hot fluid firstly enters a high-temperature heat storage tank, a medium-temperature heat storage tank and a low-temperature heat storage tank for storage, and then enters a heat exchange mechanism. In the heat exchange mechanism, the combined energy storage hot fluid respectively enters the first heat exchanger, the second heat exchanger and the third heat exchanger according to the temperature; extracting cold liquid in the cold tank to a steam generator through a cold liquid pump, converting the cold liquid into steam by the steam generator, and enabling the steam to enter the first heat exchanger, the second heat exchanger and the third heat exchanger; and the steam in the first heat exchanger, the second heat exchanger and the third heat exchanger is respectively subjected to heat exchange with the combined energy storage hot fluid in the high-temperature hot storage tank, the medium-temperature hot storage tank and the low-temperature hot storage tank to obtain the steam with the high, medium and low temperatures.
The high-temperature steam after heat exchange with the combined energy storage hot fluid of the high-temperature heat exchanger is divided into two branches: one branch directly enters the high-pressure cylinder to do work, and the other branch enters a hot path channel of the first steam trap. When the high-temperature steam entering the high-pressure cylinder performs work, the high-temperature steam which performs work is divided into two branches: one branch enters a cold path channel of the first steam trap, and then the high-temperature steam which does work exchanges heat with the high-temperature steam which enters the hot path channel of the first steam trap before entering the medium-pressure cylinder; and the other high-temperature steam which does work enters a cold path channel of the second steam trap and flows to the deaerator after being changed into liquid state.
The medium-temperature steam from the second heat exchanger and the steam after heat exchange from the medium-pass channel in the first steam trap are mixed and then enter the medium-pressure cylinder, the mixed steam is divided into three branches after doing work in the medium-pressure cylinder, one branch directly enters the deaerator, and water is supplied to the deaerator; the low-temperature steam of the second branch and the third heat exchanger is mixed and enters a low-pressure cylinder; the third branch passes through the cold path of the third steam trap and enters the deaerator after being cooled.
The low-temperature steam from the third heat exchanger is mixed with one medium-temperature steam which does work in the medium-pressure cylinder and then enters the low-pressure cylinder, the mixed steam is divided into two branches after doing work, and one branch enters a generator in a generating mechanism to ensure that the generator generates electricity; and the other branch enters a condenser heat exchanger in the power generation mechanism and then enters the deaerator after passing through the fourth steam trap.
After the steam entering the deaerator is changed into liquid state, the steam is further subjected to non-condensing gases such as oxygen, carbon dioxide and the like contained in water, so that the corrosion of metals in contact with water due to the dissolution of oxygen in the water is prevented, and meanwhile, the gas accumulated in the heat exchanger is removed, so that the heat transfer resistance of heat transfer is reduced, and the heat transfer effect of equipment is improved. The water from the deaerator passes through the third steam trap, the second steam trap and the fourth heat exchanger in sequence and then returns to the cold tank, so that heat exchange media are provided for the first heat exchanger, the second heat exchanger and the third heat exchanger again.
The above embodiments are preferred examples of the present invention, and the present invention is not limited thereto, and any other modifications or equivalent substitutions made without departing from the technical aspects of the present invention are included in the scope of the present invention.
Claims (6)
1. The utility model provides a three heat solar thermal power generation system of three pressures based on joint energy storage which characterized in that: the heat exchange mechanism comprises a first heat exchanger, a second heat exchanger, a third heat exchanger, a fourth heat exchanger, a steam generator and a cold tank, and the steam turbine mechanism comprises a high-pressure cylinder, a medium-pressure cylinder, a low-pressure cylinder, a first steam trap, a second steam trap, a third steam trap, a fourth steam trap and a deaerator;
the inlets of the cold-path channels of the first heat exchanger, the second heat exchanger and the third heat exchanger are connected with the heat storage mechanism, the outlets of the cold-path channels of the first heat exchanger, the second heat exchanger and the third heat exchanger are connected with the heat collection mechanism, and the heat collection mechanism is connected with the heat storage mechanism;
the inlets of the heat path channels of the first heat exchanger, the second heat exchanger and the third heat exchanger are connected with a steam generator, the outlets of the heat path channels of the first heat exchanger, the second heat exchanger and the third heat exchanger are respectively connected with the inlets of the high-pressure cylinder, the medium-pressure cylinder and the low-pressure cylinder, and the steam generator is connected with the outlet of the cold tank through a cold liquid pump;
the first high-pressure outlet of the high-pressure cylinder is connected with the medium-pressure cylinder through a cold-stroke channel of the first steam trap, the outlet of the first heat exchanger is also connected with a hot-stroke channel of the first steam trap, and the second high-pressure outlet of the high-pressure cylinder is connected with the inlet of the deaerator through a cold-stroke channel of the second steam trap; the first medium pressure outlet of the medium pressure cylinder is directly connected with the low pressure cylinder, the second medium pressure outlet of the medium pressure cylinder is directly connected with the inlet of the deaerator, and the third medium pressure outlet of the medium pressure cylinder is connected with the inlet of the deaerator through a cold path channel of the third steam trap; the first low-pressure outlet of the low-pressure cylinder is connected with a generator of the power generation mechanism, the second low-pressure outlet of the low-pressure cylinder is connected with a cold-path channel of the fourth steam trap through a condenser of the power generation mechanism, and the third low-pressure outlet of the low-pressure cylinder is directly connected with the cold-path channel of the fourth steam trap; the outlet of the deaerator is connected with the cold tank after sequentially passing through the cold path channel of the third steam trap, the cold path channel of the second steam trap and the cold path channel of the fourth heat exchanger;
the heat collecting mechanism comprises a double-parabolic-surface disc type solar concentrator group, a three-heat composite positive-displacement solar heat absorber group, a vacuum pump and a combined energy storage fluid tank, wherein the double-parabolic-surface disc type solar concentrator group is connected with the three-heat composite positive-displacement solar heat absorber group, an outlet connected with the three-heat composite positive-displacement solar heat absorber group is connected with the heat storage mechanism, an inlet connected with the three-heat composite positive-displacement solar heat absorber group is connected with an outlet of the combined energy storage fluid tank through the vacuum pump, and outlets of cold path channels of the first heat exchanger, the second heat exchanger and the third heat exchanger are connected with an inlet of the combined energy storage fluid tank;
the power generation mechanism comprises a power generator, a transformer, a power transmission line and a condenser, wherein the power generator is connected with the power transmission line through the transformer, an outlet of a cold-stroke channel of the condenser is connected with a cold-stroke channel of a fourth steam trap through a condensing pump, and an inlet of the cold-stroke channel of the condenser is connected with a second low-pressure outlet of the low-pressure cylinder.
2. The combined energy storage-based three-voltage three-heat solar thermal power generation system according to claim 1, wherein: the combined energy storage hot fluid in the combined energy storage fluid tank mainly comprises heavy oil and phase change microcapsules; the phase change microcapsule is prepared from any one of urea formaldehyde resin, melamine resin and melamine-formaldehyde resin.
3. The combined energy storage-based three-voltage three-heat solar thermal power generation system according to claim 1, wherein: the vacuum pumps are two, and the two vacuum pumps are arranged in parallel.
4. The combined energy storage-based three-voltage three-heat solar thermal power generation system according to claim 1, wherein: the three-heat composite positive-displacement solar heat absorber group consists of a plurality of three-heat composite positive-displacement solar heat absorbers, and the double-parabolic dish type solar concentrator group consists of double-parabolic dish type solar concentrators, the number of which is equal to that of the three-heat composite positive-displacement solar heat absorbers.
5. The combined energy storage-based three-voltage three-heat solar thermal power generation system according to claim 1, wherein: the heat storage mechanism comprises a high-temperature heat storage tank, a medium-temperature heat storage tank and a low-temperature heat storage tank, wherein inlets of the high-temperature heat storage tank, the medium-temperature heat storage tank and the low-temperature heat storage tank are connected with outlets of the three-heat composite positive-displacement solar heat absorber group, and outlets of the high-temperature heat storage tank, the medium-temperature heat storage tank and the low-temperature heat storage tank are connected with inlets of heat range channels of the first heat exchanger, the second heat exchanger and the third heat exchanger respectively.
6. The combined energy storage-based three-voltage three-heat solar thermal power generation system according to claim 1, wherein: the cold-liquid pumps are two, and the two cold-liquid pumps are arranged in parallel.
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