CN108222941B - Continuous mining method for strip mine - Google Patents
Continuous mining method for strip mine Download PDFInfo
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- CN108222941B CN108222941B CN201810223854.4A CN201810223854A CN108222941B CN 108222941 B CN108222941 B CN 108222941B CN 201810223854 A CN201810223854 A CN 201810223854A CN 108222941 B CN108222941 B CN 108222941B
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- E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
- E21—EARTH DRILLING; MINING
- E21C—MINING OR QUARRYING
- E21C41/00—Methods of underground or surface mining; Layouts therefor
- E21C41/26—Methods of surface mining; Layouts therefor
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- E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
- E21—EARTH DRILLING; MINING
- E21C—MINING OR QUARRYING
- E21C47/00—Machines for obtaining or the removal of materials in open-pit mines
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Abstract
The invention relates to a continuous mining method of strip mine, firstly, a wheel bucket excavator is arranged on a first step, and a first movable belt conveyor and a second movable belt conveyor are respectively configured for the first step and a second step; controlling a wheel bucket excavator to mine from the tail side to the head side and back and forth until the mining of an even number of mining zones is completed; controlling a wheel bucket excavator to enter a first initial working area of a second step, mining from the side of the tail to the side of the head, and circulating the mining to and fro until mining of an even number of mining zones is finished; and after the second bench is mined, controlling the wheel bucket excavator to enter a second initial working area, starting the next round of mining, and circulating according to the cycle to realize the continuous mining of the strip mine. Compared with the traditional mining technology, the wheel bucket excavator can continuously work when the mining method is adopted, so that the material flow entering a selection plant is balanced and stable, and meanwhile, the effective working time of the wheel bucket excavator is greatly prolonged.
Description
Technical Field
The invention relates to a continuous mining method for strip mines, and belongs to the technical field of mining.
Background
Typically, a wheel bucket excavator continuous process is often used for topsoil stripping operations for strip inner-discharging opencast coal mines. The stability requirement of material flow stripped by the bucket excavator is not high in the mine under the working condition, and only the surface soil stripping step is needed to not influence the horizontal ore removal at the lower part. Therefore, the capacity of the wheel bucket excavator during actual model selection of a mine enterprise is high, ore removal is prevented from being influenced by stripping lag, and in order to simplify management, each wheel bucket excavator is only responsible for mining of one horizontal step and does not perform shovel adjustment operation. When the bucket wheel excavator mines to a certain distance, the matched working face belt conveyor must be moved, the bucket wheel excavator stops waiting during the movement, and when the working face belt conveyor is moved, the operation is restarted. The method is equivalent to improving the unit hour production capacity of the equipment, and compensates for the reduction of annual capacity caused by the increase of non-working time (namely, compensates for the reduction of operation rate by improving the capacity). The unstable material flow during the production of the traditional wheel bucket process causes that the method cannot be used for the open-pit mine where the mineral aggregate is directly selected into a factory.
Disclosure of Invention
In order to solve the problems of overlarge equipment capacity type selection, high equipment investment and unstable material flow caused by the arrangement of a process system of a traditional wheel bucket excavator, the invention provides a continuous mining method for strip mines, which realizes the step-by-step operation of equipment, reduces the invalid operation and shutdown operation time of the equipment and ensures the continuous and stable ore supply of a selection plant.
In order to solve the technical problems, the technical scheme of the invention is as follows: a continuous mining method for an open pit mine, the open pit mine comprising a first step and a second step which are adjacent up and down, the method is characterized by comprising the following steps:
1) arranging a wheel bucket excavator on the first step, respectively configuring a first movable belt conveyor and a second movable belt conveyor for conveying mineral aggregate for the first step and the second step, and respectively positioning the head and the tail of the movable belt conveyor at the end slope positions on the two sides of the corresponding step;
2) controlling a wheel bucket excavator to mine from the side of the tail of the first movable belt conveyor to the side of the head, mining the first mining area a, simultaneously sending mined mineral aggregate out through the first movable belt conveyor, after the first mining area a is mined, controlling the wheel bucket excavator to turn, mining the second mining area a, and circulating the steps until mining of an even number of mining areas a is completed;
before the mining of the first step is completed, excavating a slope way and a first initial working area for a wheel bucket excavator to transfer to the second step at the corresponding side of the second step and the tail of the second movable belt conveyor;
3) controlling a wheel bucket excavator to enter the first initial working area excavated in the step 2), excavating from the tail side of the second movable belt conveyor to the side of the head, excavating the first excavation zone b on the second step, turning after the excavation of the first excavation zone b is finished, excavating the second excavation zone b, and circulating the steps until the excavation of an even number of excavation zones b is finished;
before the second step mining is finished, the first movable belt conveyor is moved towards the step slope direction close to the first step, and a second initial working area (8) is excavated at the side where the first step and the tail of the moved first movable belt conveyor are located; preferably, wherein the shifting distance is equal to the total width of the even number of the mining zones a in the step 2);
before the second step is mined, excavating a slope way for a wheel bucket excavator to transfer to the first step at the tail side of the second movable belt conveyor;
4) after the second step is mined, controlling the wheel bucket excavator to enter a second initial working area (8) and starting the next round of mining; simultaneously, moving the second movable belt conveyor to the direction close to the step slope of the second step, preferably, wherein the moving distance is equal to the total width of the even number of mining belts b in the step 3); completing one cycle operation;
and circulating according to the above steps to realize continuous mining of the strip mine.
The strip mine comprises N steps, a wheel bucket excavator is arranged on every two adjacent steps, mining is carried out according to the method from the step 1) to the step 4), and N is not less than 2.
Further, the number of the mining zones a and the mining zones b is 2. The tail part of the belt conveyor is used as a starting mining end, after the mining of the front steps is finished, the bucket wheel excavator returns to the starting mining end just, no idle stroke operation is performed, and after the mining of two mining belts of each step is finished, the movable belt conveyor of the step can be moved.
The width of the digging belt a and the digging belt b are both
Wherein c is the sum of the radius of the bucket wheel of the wheel bucket excavator and the horizontal distance from the center of the bucket wheel to the rotation center of the body of the wheel bucket excavator.
The ramp and the initial working area are both formed by excavating auxiliary equipment. Preferably, the auxiliary equipment comprises a single bucket hydraulic excavator and an articulated truck.
Preferably, the slope of each ramp is 10%, and preferably, the width of each ramp is the same as the width of the cutting belt at the corresponding position.
Length L of the second initial working area2The width of the machine body is not less than the horizontal length of the machine body of the wheel bucket excavator, and preferably is the same as the width of the digging belt a; first initial working area length L1The width of the horizontal distance from the bucket wheel center of the wheel bucket excavator to the body rotation center is not less than the width of the excavating belt b.
The machine heads of the movable belt conveyors are respectively provided with an end slope belt conveyor used for transferring mineral materials on the corresponding movable belt conveyor, and the corresponding end slope belt conveyor is extended to the position of the machine head of the corresponding movable belt conveyor when the movable belt conveyor is moved each time.
In the step 2), when the slope way and the first initial working area are excavated, an auxiliary transportation channel for transferring the materials to the outside of the stope is established on the end slope of the side where the tail of the movable belt conveyor is located. The auxiliary transportation channel is a special channel for auxiliary excavation and transportation equipment.
In the step 3), after the mining of the second step is started and before the mining of the second step is completed, the slope excavated in the step 2) is mined, and preferably, an auxiliary transportation channel communicated with the second step is established on the end slope to convey materials in the process of mining the slope in the step 2).
The ore material excavated by the wheel bucket excavator is mainly transferred to the movable belt conveyor through the belt transfer conveyor. Specifically, during the extraction of each horizontal first mining zone, the bucket wheel excavator directly feeds the mineral aggregate onto the mobile belt conveyor, and during the subsequent extraction of the mining zone, the mineral aggregate excavated by the bucket wheel excavator is transferred onto the mobile belt conveyor by the belt transfer conveyor.
The method is particularly suitable for mining the strip sand mine with large ore body thickness.
By adopting the method, each wheel bucket excavator is responsible for mining an upper step (a first step) and an adjacent next horizontal step (a second step), the wheel bucket excavators are matched with a belt transfer conveyor to operate, the wheel bucket excavators start to operate from the tail part of a movable belt conveyor on a working face, after mining to the position of the end slope on the other side, the mining of the next mining belt is turned to be carried out after the mining of the first mining belt is finished, when the mining of the second mining belt is finished, the wheel buckets just return to one side of the initial end slope (the number of the mining belts can be divided as required, and the number of the mining belts is ensured to be even), the mining of the upper step is finished, and the wheel bucket excavators are turned to the mining of the next horizontal step; the novel horizontal slope ramp (upper triangular palm) of the wheel bucket excavator can be excavated by adopting auxiliary equipment such as a single bucket hydraulic excavator, an articulated truck and the like, and the wheel bucket excavator can directly propel discharging materials along the horizontal direction after turning into a lower horizontal step. When the mining of even number of mining areas is finished, the wheel bucket excavator moves to the position of the slope way right; the device moves to the original level and one cycle ends.
In the invention, except for the step-crossing adjusting shovel, no idle stroke operation is carried out in the whole production process, and all the work (including trenching, digging a lower triangular tunnel and digging the initial working face area of a wheel bucket excavator) which can cause the reduction of the equipment efficiency is completed by auxiliary equipment in advance. After the mining method adopting the engineering measures is adopted, the equipment efficiency is greatly improved. Compared with the traditional mining technology, the wheel bucket excavator can continuously work when the mining method is adopted, so that the material flow entering a selection plant is balanced and stable, and meanwhile, the effective working time of the wheel bucket excavator is greatly prolonged.
Drawings
Fig. 1 is a plan view of a bucket wheel excavator digging a first digging belt a;
fig. 2 is a plan view of a first mining belt a of the bucket wheel excavator after mining is completed;
fig. 3 is a plan view of a bucket wheel excavator digging a second digging belt a;
fig. 4 is a plan view of a second mining belt a of the bucket wheel excavator after mining is completed;
fig. 5 is a plan view of a bucket wheel excavator digging a first digging belt b horizontally adjacent to the lower level;
fig. 6 is a plan view of a bucket wheel excavator completing excavation in an adjacent lower horizontal first excavation zone b;
fig. 7 is a plan view of a bucket wheel excavator digging horizontally adjacent a second digging belt b;
fig. 8 is a plan view of a bucket wheel excavator completing excavation in an adjacent lower horizontal second excavation zone b;
fig. 9 is a plan view of the excavator after completing one cycle of work and returning to the upper level to start working.
The illustration is labeled as follows: 1. a wheel bucket excavator; 2. a belt transfer conveyor; 3. a mobile belt conveyor; 31. a tail; 32. a machine head; 33. a receiving trolley; 4. an end slope belt conveyor; 5. a ramp; 6. the end walls assist in transporting the channels; 7. a first initial working area; 8. a second initial operating region.
Detailed Description
In the present invention, "upper" and "lower" are orientations or positional relationships based on the drawings. The two steps of a single wheel hopper which are responsible for mining are taken as an example for explanation, the step is positioned at a high position and is an upper step (upper horizontal level), and the step is positioned at a lower step (lower horizontal level) in the opposite direction.
Fig. 1 to 9 show a schematic representation of a cyclic process. Specifically, as shown in fig. 1, the bucket wheel excavator 1 excavates a first excavation zone from the position of the tail 31 of the belt conveyor to the position of the head 32, and when excavating the excavation zone, the bucket wheel excavator directly discharges the material to the receiving trolley 33.
As shown in fig. 2, when the wheel excavator 1 finishes excavating the first excavation zone a to the position of the belt conveyor head 32, the slope 5 of the wheel excavator is assisted by the single bucket excavator-articulated truck at the adjacent lower level, and the part of the excavated material is carried out of the stope through the end slope auxiliary transportation channel.
As shown in fig. 3, the bucket excavator 1 turns around to start excavating the second excavation zone a, and discharges the second excavation zone a to the cart via the belt transfer conveyor 2.
As shown in fig. 4, the second mining zone a is completely mined until the lower horizontal wheel bucket excavator ramp 5 and the first initial work area 7 are completely mined. The width of the slope of the wheel bucket excavator is the same as the width A of the mining belt of the wheel bucket excavator; the width of the first initial working area 7 is the width A of the mining belt, and the length L is more than or equal to the horizontal distance from the center of the bucket wheel to the rotation center of the machine body.
As shown in fig. 5, the bucket wheel excavator 1 directly enters the prepared first initial working area 7 of the bucket wheel excavator to mine the adjacent lower horizontal first mining belt b, the original horizontal first mobile belt conveyor is moved from the position of the tail 31, and the original horizontal end slope belt conveyor is extended.
As shown in fig. 6, when the wheel excavator 1 is driven to the position of the head 32 of the mobile belt conveyor, the first mining belt b is driven to the end, and during the period, the slope 5 of the wheel excavator is driven to the adjacent lower level by using the single bucket excavator-articulated truck, and the trench is only used for establishing the slope for the wheel excavator to transfer across steps.
As shown in fig. 7, after the adjacent lower horizontal first mining area b is mined, the bucket wheel excavator 1 turns around to start to mine the second mining area b, and the material is unloaded to the receiving trolley 33 through the belt transfer conveyor 2.
As shown in fig. 8, before the mining of the adjacent lower horizontal second mining band b is completed, the auxiliary equipment has formed the wheel bucket excavator ramp 5 of the mining band while the ramp 5 corresponding to the first mining band b is mined out by the auxiliary transportation ramp 6 established at the end slope. Meanwhile, the second initial working area 8 of the previous horizontal step has been excavated by using auxiliary equipment, and the width of the initial working area is equal to the width A of the excavating belt of the wheel bucket excavator, and the length of the initial working area is equal to the length of the body of the wheel bucket excavator. The first movable belt conveyor of the previous horizontal step is also moved at this time, and the extension of the end slope belt conveyor 4 of the previous horizontal step is completed.
As shown in fig. 9, the bucket wheel excavator 1 moves to the second initial working area 8 prepared at the upper level, the slope way 5 corresponding to the adjacent lower horizontal second digging area b adopts auxiliary equipment for digging, and the materials are transported out of the stope through the end slope auxiliary transportation channel 6. Accordingly, the second mobile belt conveyor starts to be moved, and at the same time, the corresponding end slope belt conveyor 4 starts to be extended. The wheel bucket excavator completes one cycle of operation.
In the process, the belt reversed loader moves across steps along with the wheel bucket excavator. When the wheel bucket excavator mines the first digging belt, the belt reversed loader does not work; when the second mining area is mined, the belt reversed loader is matched with the wheel bucket excavator to discharge materials to the working face belt conveyor.
Claims (9)
1. A continuous mining method for an open pit mine, the open pit mine comprising a first step and a second step which are adjacent up and down, the method is characterized by comprising the following steps:
1) arranging a wheel bucket excavator on the first step, respectively configuring a first movable belt conveyor and a second movable belt conveyor for conveying mineral aggregate for the first step and the second step, and respectively positioning the head and the tail of the movable belt conveyor at the end slope positions on the two sides of the corresponding step;
2) controlling a wheel bucket excavator to mine from the side of the tail of the first movable belt conveyor to the side of the head, mining the first mining area a, simultaneously sending mined mineral aggregate out through the first movable belt conveyor, after the first mining area a is mined, controlling the wheel bucket excavator to turn, mining the second mining area a, and circulating the steps until mining of an even number of mining areas a is completed;
before the mining of the first step is completed, excavating a slope way and a first initial working area for a wheel bucket excavator to transfer to the second step at the corresponding side of the second step and the tail of the second movable belt conveyor;
3) controlling a wheel bucket excavator to enter the first initial working area excavated in the step 2), excavating from the tail side of the second movable belt conveyor to the side of the head, excavating the first excavation zone b on the second step, turning after the excavation of the first excavation zone b is finished, excavating the second excavation zone b, and circulating the steps until the excavation of an even number of excavation zones b is finished;
before the second step mining is finished, the first movable belt conveyor is moved towards the step slope direction close to the first step, and a second initial working area (8) is excavated at the side where the first step and the tail of the moved first movable belt conveyor are located;
before the second step is mined, excavating a slope way for a wheel bucket excavator to transfer to a flat disc at the lower part of the first step from the side where the tail of the second movable belt conveyor is located;
4) after the second step is mined, controlling the wheel bucket excavator to enter a second initial working area (8) and starting the next round of mining;
meanwhile, the second movable belt conveyor is moved towards the direction of the step slope close to the second step; completing one cycle operation;
circulating according to the above steps to realize continuous mining of the strip mine;
the open pit mine comprises N steps, a wheel bucket excavator is arranged on every two adjacent steps, mining is carried out according to the method from the step 1) to the step 4), and N is an even number not less than 4.
2. The continuous mining method of an open pit mine according to claim 1, wherein the number of the mining zones a and b is 2.
3. The continuous mining method of surface mine according to claim 1, wherein the width of each of the mining zone a and the mining zone b is set to be equal to each other
Wherein c is the sum of the radius of the bucket wheel of the wheel bucket excavator and the horizontal distance from the center of the bucket wheel to the rotation center of the body of the wheel bucket excavator.
4. A method of continuous mining of an open pit mine according to claim 1, wherein the ramp and the initial work area are excavated by auxiliary equipment.
5. A method of continuous mining of an open pit mine according to claim 1, wherein each ramp has a slope of 10%.
6. The continuous mining method of claim 1, wherein the length L of the second initial working area2Not less than the horizontal length of the body of the wheel bucket excavator; first initial working area length L1Not less than the horizontal distance from the center of the bucket wheel of the wheel bucket excavator to the rotation center of the machine body.
7. A method for continuous mining of an open-pit mine according to claim 1, characterized in that the head of each mobile belt conveyor is provided with a respective endslope belt conveyor (4) for transferring mineral material from the respective mobile belt conveyor, and that each time the mobile belt conveyor is moved, the respective endslope belt conveyor (4) is extended to the position of the head of the respective mobile belt conveyor.
8. The continuous mining method of an open pit mine according to claim 1, wherein, in the step 2), an auxiliary transportation path for transferring the material to the outside of the stope is established on the end slope on the side of the mobile belt conveyor tail when the ramp and the first initial working area are excavated.
9. A method of continuous mining of an open pit mine as claimed in claim 1, wherein the mineral material excavated by the wheel hopper is transferred to the mobile belt conveyor primarily by means of a belt transfer conveyor.
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| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
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| CN201810223854.4A CN108222941B (en) | 2018-03-19 | 2018-03-19 | Continuous mining method for strip mine |
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| CN201810223854.4A CN108222941B (en) | 2018-03-19 | 2018-03-19 | Continuous mining method for strip mine |
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| CN108222941B true CN108222941B (en) | 2020-03-24 |
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Families Citing this family (7)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| DE102019200773A1 (en) * | 2019-01-23 | 2020-07-23 | Thyssenkrupp Ag | Open pit arrangement and method for operating an open pit arrangement |
| CN109630121B (en) * | 2019-01-30 | 2020-08-28 | 新疆天池能源有限责任公司 | Steering, developing and transporting system for strip mining area |
| BE1027207B1 (en) * | 2019-04-03 | 2020-11-23 | Thyssenkrupp Ind Solutions Ag | Method and device for the automatable operation of a material extraction system on the mining front of a material extraction site |
| CN112922602A (en) * | 2021-03-04 | 2021-06-08 | 中煤科工集团沈阳设计研究院有限公司 | Coal mine wheel bucket continuous system |
| CN113818884B (en) * | 2021-09-25 | 2023-09-22 | 中煤科工集团沈阳设计研究院有限公司 | Strip mine working surface belt type conveying system and sector steering and transferring method |
| CN113818883B (en) * | 2021-09-25 | 2023-09-22 | 中煤科工集团沈阳设计研究院有限公司 | Strip mine mining working face device and moving method thereof |
| CN113818885B (en) * | 2021-09-25 | 2023-09-22 | 中煤科工集团沈阳设计研究院有限公司 | Working face device of double mining equipment and moving method |
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| CN103216237A (en) * | 2012-12-28 | 2013-07-24 | 中国神华能源股份有限公司 | Open pit coal mine mining process |
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| RU2558051C1 (en) * | 2014-06-17 | 2015-07-27 | Федеральное Государственное Бюджетное Учреждение Науки Институт Горного Дела Дальневосточного Отделения Российской Академии Наук (Игд Дво Ран) | Method of open development of deposits of solid mineral resources |
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| CN103216237A (en) * | 2012-12-28 | 2013-07-24 | 中国神华能源股份有限公司 | Open pit coal mine mining process |
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