CN108222865A - Self feed back three-phase system drilling fluid mixed system and the method for mixing drilling fluid - Google Patents
Self feed back three-phase system drilling fluid mixed system and the method for mixing drilling fluid Download PDFInfo
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- CN108222865A CN108222865A CN201810007757.1A CN201810007757A CN108222865A CN 108222865 A CN108222865 A CN 108222865A CN 201810007757 A CN201810007757 A CN 201810007757A CN 108222865 A CN108222865 A CN 108222865A
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- seawater
- additive
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- drilling fluid
- pipeline
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Classifications
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- E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
- E21—EARTH DRILLING; MINING
- E21B—EARTH DRILLING, e.g. DEEP DRILLING; OBTAINING OIL, GAS, WATER, SOLUBLE OR MELTABLE MATERIALS OR A SLURRY OF MINERALS FROM WELLS
- E21B21/00—Methods or apparatus for flushing boreholes, e.g. by use of exhaust air from motor
-
- E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
- E21—EARTH DRILLING; MINING
- E21B—EARTH DRILLING, e.g. DEEP DRILLING; OBTAINING OIL, GAS, WATER, SOLUBLE OR MELTABLE MATERIALS OR A SLURRY OF MINERALS FROM WELLS
- E21B21/00—Methods or apparatus for flushing boreholes, e.g. by use of exhaust air from motor
- E21B21/08—Controlling or monitoring pressure or flow of drilling fluid, e.g. automatic filling of boreholes, automatic control of bottom pressure
-
- E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
- E21—EARTH DRILLING; MINING
- E21B—EARTH DRILLING, e.g. DEEP DRILLING; OBTAINING OIL, GAS, WATER, SOLUBLE OR MELTABLE MATERIALS OR A SLURRY OF MINERALS FROM WELLS
- E21B21/00—Methods or apparatus for flushing boreholes, e.g. by use of exhaust air from motor
- E21B21/10—Valve arrangements in drilling-fluid circulation systems
- E21B21/106—Valve arrangements outside the borehole, e.g. kelly valves
Abstract
The present invention relates to a kind of self feed back three-phase system drilling fluid mixed system, including：Mixer, seawater pond, base stock tank, additive pond；Seawater pond is connected by the first pipeline with mixer, and base stock tank is connected by the second pipeline with mixer, and additive pond is connected by third pipeline with mixer；Wherein, seawater pond accommodates seawater, for providing seawater raw material to the first pipeline；Base stock tank accommodates base stock tank, for providing base slurry raw material to the second pipeline；Additive pond accommodates additive, for providing additive raw material to third pipeline；Seawater, base slurry, additive enter after mixer mixing and enter mud pit or mud pump manifold through density self feed back module.The density self feed back module of addition self feed back drilling fluid mixed system can make mixed liquor density more accurate, can also be by detection density with setting or design density comparison calibration flowmeter, and system can be made to realize the mixing of various ratio raw materials in the case where not controlling pump power.
Description
Technical field
The invention belongs to drilling technology fields, and in particular, to a kind of self feed back three-phase system drilling fluid mixed system and
The method for mixing drilling fluid.
Background technology
Drilling fluid balanced drilling is the drilling technology of current international mature, and balanced drilling technology utilizes the static pressure of drilling fluid
Power carrys out balancing layer pressure, ensures being normally carried out for drilling well.But the drilling well of deep water surface layer is with being faced with the shallow-layers such as shallow-layer stream, shallow gas
The narrow grade drilling wells problem of pressure window that matter calamity source and stratum weakness are brought：
1st, ' Safe Density Windows are narrow, and well structure design is difficult, and casing can not descend scheduled depth.In deepwater drilling
In, since the density of the density ratio rock of seawater is low, the overburden pressure that seawater applies applies compared to land rock
It is much smaller.Therefore, because the fracture pressure gradient on deep-sea stratum be less than identical well depth land stratum, formation pressure gradient and
Safe clearance between fracture pressure gradient is very small, also can be narrower with the increase ' Safe Density Windows of the depth of water, casing programme
Design difficulty bigger, casing can not descend predetermined well depth.
2nd, it bores and meets high pressure shallow-layer stream, it is difficult to effectively implement well control.Deep-water subsea usually lies dormant a large amount of high pressure shallow-layer stream,
Including shallow-layer flow and shallow-layer air-flow.The well kick of shallow-layer flow shows as drilling well, setting of casing well cementation encounters difficulties, and can be led when serious
Borehole collapse is caused even seabed to be caused to settle, it is also possible to oil well be caused to be scrapped；When boring chance shallow-layer air-flow, since stratum is compared
Shallow, usually there are no layer casings, fail to install wellhead assembly, once the well kick of shallow-layer air-flow occurs, gas can be a large amount of
Mineshaft annulus is entered, reduces annular space effective pressure.At this point, in the case of no wellhead assembly, it can not be in time to annular space
Pressure is controlled.
Therefore a kind of special well killing method is needed to solve this problem.During drilling operation, as long as measurement while drilling
Device monitoring has stratigraphic anormaly high pressure to underground, so that it may be instructed by artificial input service or automatic running work order, pumping
Go out required high density drilling fluid, do not need to recycle and wait high density drilling fluid to be prepared, realize that is aggravated in operation moves
State drillng operation.
There is no self feed back device in the prior art, the mixed liquor that mixing does not reach requirement can not detect and adjust again
Whole, system much time using can lead to meter readings deviation and then make the ratio of base slurry, seawater and additive and default ginseng
There is deviation in number or design parameter, eventually lead to mixed liquor density and do not reach requirement and kill-job is made to fail, this is in this technology
It is very fatal in implementation；In the prior art without pump pressure protective device, can not realize various mixing ratios mixing or can not
Ensure the security reliability of pump.
For existing mixer there are complicated, volume is big, it is not easy to install the problems such as.And the high-velocity fluid meeting that nozzle sprays
Inelastic collision is generated in cabin, when especially two-phase fluid inlet flow rate is close, two-phase fluid collision can form radial flow, directly
Outflow mixer is connect, collision also results in the high-velocity fluid loss of momentum, and the high speed low velocity shear of fluid is an important factor for mixing, to move
The high efficiency that amount loss will also influence mixing, it is impossible to ensure the uniform mixing under various discharge capacities and mix ratio.
Invention content
To solve the defects of above-mentioned engineering problem, drilling fluid is adjusted in real time, the present invention provides a kind of self feed back
Drilling fluid mixed system.
To achieve the above object, the technical solution adopted by the present invention is as follows：
Self feed back three-phase system drilling fluid mixed system, including：Mixer, seawater pond, base stock tank, additive pond；Seawater
Pond is connected by the first pipeline with mixer, and base stock tank is connected by the second pipeline with mixer, and additive pond passes through third pipe
Road is connected with mixer；Wherein, seawater pond accommodates seawater, for providing seawater raw material to the first pipeline；Base stock tank accommodates base slurry
The reticular structure of highly viscous fluid for providing base slurry raw material to the second pipeline, and is destroyed in pond；Additive pond accommodates additive, uses
In give third pipeline provide additive raw material；Seawater, base slurry, additive enter mixer mixing after through density self feed back module into
Enter mud pit or mud pump manifold.
Relative to the prior art, beneficial effects of the present invention are as follows：
1st, the density self feed back module of addition self feed back three-phase system drilling fluid mixed system can not only make mixed liquor close
Degree is more accurate, can also be by detection density with setting or designing density comparison calibration flowmeter.
2nd, the overflow valve installed additional between pump and flowmeter can be such that system is realized in the case where not controlling pump power various
The mixing of ratio raw material.When controlling valve opening too small, pump pressure raising, overflow valve opening makes in fluid reflux to pond, realization seawater,
Base starches each ratio mixing, protects the work safety of pump, increases the reliability of whole system.
3rd, conveying base stock pump is using shear pump, and destroying the reticular structure of highly viscous fluid, to be more advantageous to two-phase fluid mutually mixed
It closes, makes mixing more efficient.
4th, the mixer of the self feed back three-phase system drilling fluid mixed system, nozzle and nacelle are into T-shaped, and two nozzles are just
Pair and it is vertical with the axial line of nacelle and be just staggered eccentric position in nozzle, nozzle uses undergauge torsion structure, torsion angle
It spends for 15-25 degree, undergauge can make fluid accelerate to increase turbulivity, and torsion makes fluid form a whirlpool and increase shearing contact
Area is more advantageous to mixing；Nozzle is welded direct to nacelle, and nozzle is welded direct to nacelle, which can reduce mixer
Volume, and mixed in vain with similar fluid in runner after nozzle after reducing high-velocity fluid injection nozzle and reduce flow velocity so as to drop
Low turbulence；The design of nozzle centering type can generate non-resilient touch to avoid face formula two kinds of fluids of T-shaped mixer in mixer
It hits, reduces the radial flow generated after the loss of momentum and collision, fluid is caused to flow directly out mixer, be more advantageous to the height sprayed
Fast fluid directly generates shearing with the low velocity fluid in cabin, and forms secondary whirlpool, when increasing mixing of the fluid in mixer
Between, mix fluid high-effective, which is not influenced by factors such as discharge capacity mix ratios.
5th, additive entrance uses flow dividing structure, can branch to additive at mixer wall, imports additive high
Speed outflow seawater and base slurry, mixed in whirlpool in cabin, avoid additive directly from mixer center flow through reduction mixing when
Between, make three to mix more uniformly.
Description of the drawings
Fig. 1 is self feed back three-phase system drilling fluid mixed system structure diagram；
Fig. 2 is self feed back three-phase system drilling fluid mixed working-flow schematic diagram；
Fig. 3 is mixer schematic cross-sectional view；
Fig. 4 regards schematic diagram for the mixer right side；
Fig. 5 is mixer nozzle schematic diagram；
Fig. 6 is mixer nozzle schematic cross-sectional view；
Fig. 7 is mixer additive entrance diagrammatic cross-section；
Fig. 8 is mixer axis direction variable density schematic diagram；
Fig. 9 is mixer outlet difference mix ratio averag density and mean square deviation；
Figure 10 is mixer three-phase hybrid density change schematic diagram；
In figure：1a, seawater pond, 1b, base stock tank, 1c, additive pond, 2a, mortar pump, 2b, shear pump, 2c, centrifugal pump,
3a, the first overflow valve, 3b, the second overflow valve, 3c, third overflow valve, 4a, first flowmeter, 4b, second flowmeter, 4c, third
Flowmeter, 5a, the first control valve, 5b, the second control valve, 5c, third control valve, 6, mixer, 7, density self feed back module, 8,
Field control case, 9, remote hydraulically Parameter design and computation control module, seawater nozzle 601a, base slurry nozzle 601b, nacelle 602,
Seawater inlet 603, base slurry entrance 604, additive entrance 605, mixture export 606, flow dividing structure 607.
Specific embodiment
As shown in Figure 1, self feed back three-phase system drilling fluid mixed system, including：Mixer 6, seawater pond 1a, base stock tank
1b, additive pond 1c；Seawater pond 1a is connected by the first pipeline with mixer 6, and base stock tank 1b passes through the second pipeline and mixer 6
It is connected, additive pond 1c is connected by third pipeline with mixer 6；Wherein, seawater pond 1a accommodates seawater, for the first pipeline
Seawater raw material is provided；Base stock tank 1b accommodates base stock tank, for providing base slurry raw material to the second pipeline, and destroys the net of highly viscous fluid
Shape structure；Additive pond 1c accommodates additive, for providing additive raw material to third pipeline；Seawater, base slurry, additive enter
Enter mud pit or mud pump manifold through density self feed back module 7 after the mixing of mixer 6.
Mortar pump 2a, first flowmeter 4a and first are installed by seawater pond 1a to 6 direction of mixer successively on first pipeline
Control valve 5a；Wherein, overflow reflux bypass is equipped between mortar pump 2a and first flowmeter 4a, overflow reflux bypass is connected to seawater
Pond 1a, overflow reflux bypass are equipped with the first overflow valve 3a；Mortar pump 2a extracting seawaters enter the first pipeline, first flowmeter 4a
Seawater flow in the first pipeline is measured, the first overflow valve 3a is opened when working, and seawater is overflowed back in the 1a of seawater pond.
Shear pump 2b, second flowmeter 4b and second are installed by base stock tank 1b to 6 direction of mixer successively on second pipeline
Control valve 5b；Wherein, between shear pump 2b and second flowmeter 4b second is equipped with equipped with overflow reflux bypass, overflow reflux bypass
Overflow valve 3b, overflow reflux bypass are connected to base stock tank 1b；Shear pump 2b extracts base slurry and enters the second pipeline, second flowmeter 4b
It measures base in the second pipeline and starches flow, the second overflow valve 3b is opened when working, and base slurry is overflowed back in base stock tank 1b.
Centrifugal pump 2c, third flowmeter 4c and are installed by additive pond 1c to 6 direction of mixer successively on third pipeline
Three control valve 5c；Wherein, overflow reflux bypass is equipped between centrifugal pump 2c and third flowmeter 4c, overflow reflux bypass, which is connected to, to be added
Add agent pond 1c, overflow reflux bypass is equipped with third overflow valve 3c；Centrifugal pump 2c extracts additive and enters third pipeline, third stream
Gauge 4c measures additive flow in third pipeline, and third overflow valve 3c is opened when working, and additive is overflowed back in additive pond.
The second flowmeter 4b in first flowmeter 4a, the second pipeline, the third stream in third pipeline in first pipeline
Gauge 4c passes through wired or wirelessly connect with field control case 8；The first control valve meter 5a in first pipeline, second
The third flowmeter 5c in second flowmeter 5b, third pipeline in pipeline by it is wired or wirelessly with field control
Case 8；Density self feed back module 7 passes through wired or wirelessly connect with field control case 8；Field control case 8 with it is long-range
Hydraulics design calculation control module 9 is connected by wired or wireless mode.First flowmeter 4a in first pipeline to
Field control case 8 transmits seawater flow signal, and field control case 8 gives seawater flow signal transmission to remote hydraulically parameter designing meter
Calculate control module 9；9 transmission of control signals of remote hydraulically Parameter design and computation control module is to field control case 8, field control case
Control signal transmission to the first control valve control 5a is adjusted seawater flow by 8.Second flowmeter 4b in second pipeline is to scene
Control cabinet 8 transmits base slurry flow signal, and base slurry flow signal is transferred to remote hydraulically Parameter design and computation control by field control case 8
Molding block 9,9 transmission of control signals of remote hydraulically Parameter design and computation control module to field control case 8, field control case 8 will
Control signal transmission adjusts base to the second control valve control 5b and starches flow.Third flowmeter 4c in third pipeline is to field control
Case 8 transmits additive flow signal, and field control case 8 gives additive flow signal transmission to remote hydraulically Parameter design and computation control
Molding block 9；For 9 transmission of control signals of remote hydraulically Parameter design and computation control module to field control case 8, field control case 8 will
Control signal transmission to third control valve controls 5c to adjust additive flow.Density self feed back module 7 is by mixer outlet density
Density signal is transferred to remote hydraulically Parameter design and computation control module by signal transmission to field control case 8, field control case 8
9。
Field control case 8 can read seawater, base slurry and additive flow and mixer outlet mixed liquor density, and energy
Manual adjusting control valve opening.Remote hydraulically parameter designing can be manually entered required drilling fluid density with computing module 9 and instruct,
Can according to needed for formation pressure calculation drilling fluid density, and according to drilling fluid density calculate required seawater, base starch and addition
Agent discharge capacity.
As shown in Figure 1 and Figure 2, remote hydraulically parameter designing can be manually entered required drilling fluid density with computing module 9 and refer to
It enables or according to strata pressure, is designed calculating drilling fluid density using remote hydraulically parameter designing and computing module 9, designs
Go out ratio and the required discharge capacity of base slurry, seawater and additive, base is starched seawater, the second manifold and third pipe to by the first manifold
It converges and additive is imported into mixer 6, according to data point reuse the first control valve 5a aperture regulation seawater flows are calculated, adjustment second is controlled
Valve 5b aperture regulations base processed starches flow, adjusts third control valve 5c aperture regulation additive flows.First flowmeter 4a is by seawater
Flow, base is starched flow by second flowmeter 4b, additive flow data are transferred to control module 9 and design by third flowmeter 4c
Parameter comparison, further adjustment control valve opening, until seawater, base slurry, additive reach calculated pump rate.When seawater mix ratio is small
When, the first control valve 5a apertures are small, and pump pressure raising, the first overflow valve 3a is opened, and seawater is back in the 1a of seawater pond；When base slurry is mixed
Hour is matched, the second control valve 5b apertures are small, and pump pressure raising, the second overflow valve 3b is opened, and base slurry is back in base stock tank 1b；When
Additive mix ratio hour, third control valve 5c apertures are small, and pump pressure raising, third overflow valve 3c is opened, and additive, which is back to, to be added
Add in the 1c of agent pond, realize the mixing of seawater, base slurry and the various proportionings of additive and discharge capacity；Density self feed back module 7 is by mixer
Density signal is transferred to remote hydraulically Parameter design and computation by outlet density signal transmission to field control case 8, field control case 8
Control module 9 is not achieved desired value and recalculates seawater, base slurry and additive discharge capacity, formed with instructing or designing density comparison
Closed loop until density reaches requirement, meets live drilling well demand, and can find flowmeter error in time according to Density feedback value
It is corrected.
It is appreciated that when without additive, additive entrance 12 in third pipeline can be closed, design base slurry, sea
Base by the first manifold is starched and imports mixer 6 by the ratio of water and required discharge capacity by seawater and the second manifold, according to calculating data
Adjust the first control valve 5a aperture regulation seawater flows, adjustment the second control valve 5b aperture regulations base slurry flow.First flowmeter
Base slurry data on flows is transferred to control module 9 and is compared with design parameter by seawater flow and second flowmeter 4b by 4a, further
Adjustment control valve opening, until seawater, base slurry reach calculated pump rate.When seawater mix ratio is small, the first control valve 5a apertures are small,
Pump pressure raising, the first overflow valve 3a are opened, and seawater is back in the 1a of seawater pond；When base slurry mix ratio is small, the second control valve 5b
Aperture is small, and pump pressure raising, the second overflow valve 3b is opened, and base slurry is back in base stock tank 1b, realizes that seawater and base starch various proportionings
With the mixing of discharge capacity；Mixer outlet density signal is transferred to field control case 8, field control case 8 by density self feed back module 7
Density signal is transferred to remote hydraulically Parameter design and computation control module 9 with instructing or designing density comparison, expection is not achieved
Value recalculates seawater, base slurry and additive discharge capacity, forms closed loop, until density reaches requirement, meets live drilling well demand, and
It can find that flowmeter error is corrected in time according to Density feedback value.
As shown in figure 3, mixer 6, including：Nacelle 602, seawater inlet 603, base slurry entrance 604, additive entrance 605,
Mixture export 606；Additive entrance 605, mixture export 606 are connected respectively with 602 both ends of nacelle, seawater inlet 603, base
Slurry entrance 604 is located at nacelle 602 close to 605 entrance one end of additive and 602 both sides of separation nacelle；Nacelle 602 and seawater inlet
Seawater nozzle 601a is equipped between 603, being equipped with base between nacelle 602 and base slurry entrance 603 starches nozzle 601b, nacelle 602 and additive
Flow dividing structure 607 is equipped between entrance 605；As shown in figure 4, seawater nozzle 601a, base slurry nozzle 601b are eccentric with nacelle face
Setting, distance when optimal eccentricity is in the projection of vertical mixed cabin without intersection；Seawater inlet 603,604 and of base slurry entrance
Seawater, base slurry and additive are imported nacelle by nozzle and mixed by additive entrance 605；When not needing to wherein during additive
Additive entrance 605 can be closed, completes the mixing of base slurry and seawater；Mixed mixed liquor passes through 606 discharge of outlet.
It is dumbbell shape as shown in figure 5, seawater nozzle 601a, base slurry nozzle 601b structures are identical, dumbbell shape can be with
Increase share zone, nozzle form belongs to the prior art；As shown in fig. 6, seawater nozzle 601a, base slurry nozzle 601b entrances use
Dumbbell shape shape reverses undergauge structure, and windup-degree is 15-25 degree, and undergauge makes fluid accelerate to increase turbulivity, and torsion can increase
The section of shear, and form a whirlpool；Seawater nozzle 601a, the shortest thickness of base slurry nozzle 601b are 8-10cm, both be can guarantee
High-velocity fluid and whirlpool are formed, and small volume can be made；Seawater nozzle 601a, base slurry nozzle 601b are directly directly connected to nacelle
Save the inefficient Mixed Zone in exit, it is ensured that the turbulivity of high-velocity fluid, and make structure compacter；Eccentric structure makes two kinds of streams
Body forms secondary whirlpool in mixer, and whirlpool is conducive to increase time of contact and contact area of two kinds of components in cabin；This
The mode that kind structure is conducive to two kinds of volume components diffusions moves in the space mutually occupied, and fluid is sheared, squeezed, drawn
The effects that stretching reaches and is uniformly distributed, and high-velocity fluid is avoided to generate inelastic collision in cabin, high-velocity fluid directly in nacelle
Low velocity fluid shear-mixed, reduce the loss of momentum, increase incorporation time of the fluid in mixer, make two kinds of fluids more efficient
Mixing, can meet the needs of various discharge capacities and mix ratio.Structure of the present invention is compacter, mounting means (horizontal, vertical)
It is unaffected, ocean platform space is saved, easier for installation, the saving set-up time can be made.
As shown in fig. 7, additive entrance uses flow dividing structure 607,607 inside of flow dividing structure is truncated cone-shaped, close to addition
Agent entry position is hemispherical, and outside is empty truncated cone-shaped, and external microcephaly connect with additive entrance, and major part is connect with mixed cabin,
It is linked together inside flow dividing structure with outside with 4 rectangular blocks, additive can be branched to mixer wall surface by flow dividing structure
Place makes additive import the seawater of outflow at a high speed and base slurry, is mixed in whirlpool in cabin, avoid additive directly from mixer
The heart flows through reduction incorporation time, makes three to mix more uniformly.
As shown in Figure 1 and Figure 2, the side of mixing drilling fluid is carried out using above-mentioned self feed back three-phase system drilling fluid mixed system
Method, step are as follows：
1st, Hydraulics design calculation control module 9 obtains required drilling fluid density instruction or according to strata pressure, utilizes
Hydraulics design is designed calculating drilling fluid density with computing module 9, and designs the ratio of seawater, base slurry and additive
And required discharge capacity；
The Hydraulics design calculation control module 9 of drilling fluid mixed system, according to mud needed for formation pressure calculation kill-job
The principle of pulp density and discharge capacity is：Under the density and discharge capacity, the flow circuit frictional resistance liquid feeding column pressure in well is equal to earth bore
Gap pressure and less than formation fracture pressure；According to the condition of offshore drilling, well killing fluid density meets：
Pr≤Pwf=ρmgh+Pfr+ρswghsw
In formula：
Pr--- strata pressure, Pa；
Pwf--- bottom pressure, Pa；
ρm--- drilling fluid density after mixing, kg/m3；
H --- mud line is away from bottom depth, m；
Pfr--- annular space frictional resistance, Pa；
ρsw--- density of sea water, kg/m3；
hsw--- the depth of water, m；
Calculating the following formula of annular space frictional resistance：
In formula：
Dwi--- i-th section of mineshaft diameter, m；
Dp--- drilling rod outer diameter, cm；
Dc --- drill collar outer diameter, cm；
ρm--- drilling fluid density after mixing, kg/m3；
μ --- mud plastic viscosity, Pas；
Q --- discharge capacity, L/s；
Hi--- i-th section of pit shaft length；
B --- constant, internal flush drill pipe B=0.51655, full hole tool B=0.57503；
Maximum end of a period mud density is acquired according to formation fracture pressure：
In formula：
H --- mud line is away from bottom depth, m；
ρsw--- density of sea water, kg/m3；
hsw--- the depth of water, m；
ρ′m--- end of a period mud density, kg/m3；
Pf--- formation fracture pressure, MPa；
While wellbore mud density is adjusted, need to control dynamic kill-job discharge capacity.Realize drilling well needed for kill-job
Liquid discharge capacity is：
In formula：
Pr--- strata pressure, Pa；
ρsw--- density of sea water, kg/m3；
ρm--- drilling fluid density after mixing, kg/m3；
hsw--- the depth of water, m；
H --- mud line is away from bottom depth, m；
μ --- mud plastic viscosity, Pas；
Dwi--- i-th section of mineshaft diameter, m；
Dp--- drilling rod outer diameter, cm；
Dc--- drill collar outer diameter, cm；
hi--- i-th section of pit shaft length；
B --- constant, internal flush drill pipe B=0.51655, full hole tool B=0.57503；
Ensure pit shaft safety maximum drilling well discharge capacity be：
Drilling fluid displacement, which should also meet, takes rock requirement, reaches minimum injection rate needed for taking rock requirement and is：
In formula：
Qa--- meet the minimum injection rate for taking rock requirement, L/s.
Dw--- mineshaft diameter, cm；
Dp--- drilling rod outer diameter, cm；
ρm--- drilling fluid density after mixing, kg/m3；
The discharge capacity of weighted drilling fluid and seawater can be calculated with equation below：
ρm(Q1+Q2+Q3)=ρ0Q1+ρswQ2+ρtjQ3
Q=Q1+Q2+Q3
Q2=aQ3
In formula：
A be required default seawater and additives ratio, zero dimension；
ρ0Weighted drilling fluid base pulp density, kg/m3；
ρtjAdditive density, kg/m3；
Q1Discharge capacity, L/s are starched for weighted drilling fluid base；
Q2For seawater discharge capacity, L/s；
Q3For additive discharge capacity, L/s；
2nd, discharge capacity, the ratio data calculated according to remote hydraulically parameter designing and computing module 9 adjusts the first control valve
Control seawater flow, the second control valve control base slurry flow, third control valve control additive flow；
3rd, when seawater demand volume is small, the first control valve 5a apertures become smaller, mortar pump 2a pump pump pressure raisings, the first overflow
Valve 3a opens pressure release, in the seawater to seawater pond 1a that flows back；When base slurry demand volume is small, the second control valve 5b apertures become smaller, and cut
Pump 2b pump pressure raisings are cut, the second overflow valve 3b opens pressure release, and reflux base is starched into base stock tank 1b；When additive demand volume is small
When, third control valve 5c apertures become smaller, and centrifugal pump 2c pump pressure raisings, third overflow valve 3c opens pressure release, and reflux additive is to adding
Add in the 1c of agent pond；
4th, base is starched flow, third flowmeter 4c by additive by seawater flow, second flowmeter 4b by first flowmeter 4a
Data on flows is transferred to control module 9 and is compared with design parameter, further adjustment control valve opening, until seawater, base slurry, addition
Agent reaches calculated pump rate；
5th, after seawater passes through the second control valve 5b and additive by third control valve 5c by the first control valve 5a, base slurry
It is mixed in mixer；
6th, surveyed Density feedback to control module and is instructed or designed density pair by mixer outlet density self feed back module 7
Than, it is impossible to control valve opening is adjusted when reaching desired value again, forms closed loop, until density reaches requirement, meets live drilling well
Demand, and can find that flowmeter error is corrected in time according to Density feedback value.
Experiment and simplation verification：As shown in figure 8, base pulp density 2.0g/cm3, density of sea water 1.025g/cm3, with 3:2 is mixed
Under conditions of proportioning, base slurry and seawater are through the variable density figure on the mixed mixer axis of mixer under different displacements.Pressure
It is that the needs of kill-job is met according to equivalent drilling fluid density and annular circulation frictional resistance during well.Cycle frictional resistance just has close with discharge capacity
The contact cut, so mixer allows for meeting the needs of mixing different displacements drilling fluid.Especially encountering emergency case
When needing huge discharge, the reliability of mixer is even more tested.From Fig. 8 can with mixer 20L/s-100L/s discharge capacity
Under can quickly by base slurry and seawater in mixer be uniformly mixed and reach stable.As shown in Figure 9：It is 50L/ in discharge capacity
In the case of s, under conditions of different bases slurry and seawater mix ratio, the mixture density of density and simulated experiment and after theory mixing
Variance, it can be seen that mixer outlet density is small with theoretical value error and stablizes, and can meet field demand.Such as Figure 10 institutes
Show：Mixed effect figure is mixed in seawater 30L/s, base slurry 20L/s, additive 5L/s, uniformly takes x, x1, x2, x3, x4, respectively
For line density change curve axially different in mixer, the long 0.5m of mixer, it is seen that density has been uniformly mixed at mixed export.
Claims (10)
1. a kind of self feed back three-phase system drilling fluid mixed system, including：Mixer, seawater pond pass through the first pipeline and mixer
It is connected, base stock tank is connected by the second pipeline with mixer, and additive pond is connected by third pipeline with mixer；Its feature exists
In seawater pond provides seawater raw material to the first pipeline；Base stock tank provides base slurry raw material to the second pipeline, and destroys highly viscous fluid
Reticular structure；Additive pond provides additive raw material to third pipeline；Seawater, base slurry, additive pass through after entering mixer mixing
Density self feed back module enters mud pit or mud pump manifold.
2. self feed back three-phase system drilling fluid mixed system according to claim 1, which is characterized in that on the first pipeline by
Seawater pond to mixer direction is installed by mortar pump, first flowmeter and the first control valve successively；Wherein, mortar pump and first flow
Overflow reflux bypass is equipped between meter, overflow reflux bypass is connected to seawater pond, and overflow reflux bypass is equipped with the first overflow valve；Sand
Stock pump extracting seawater enters the first pipeline, and first flowmeter measures seawater flow in the first pipeline, and the first overflow valve is beaten when working
It opens, seawater is overflowed back in seawater pond.
3. the self feed back three-phase system drilling fluid mixed system according to claim 1-2, which is characterized in that on the second pipeline
Shear pump, second flowmeter and the second control valve are installed by base stock tank to mixer direction successively；Wherein, shear pump and second
Equipped with overflow reflux bypass between gauge, overflow reflux bypass is equipped with the second overflow valve, and overflow reflux bypass is connected to base stock tank；
Shear pump extracts base slurry and enters the second pipeline, and second flowmeter measures base slurry flow in the second pipeline, when the second overflow valve works
It opens, base slurry is overflowed back in base stock tank.
4. the self feed back three-phase system drilling fluid mixed system according to claim 1-3, which is characterized in that on third pipeline
Centrifugal pump, third flowmeter and third control valve are installed by additive pond to mixer direction successively；Wherein, centrifugal pump and third
Overflow reflux bypass is equipped between flowmeter, overflow reflux bypass is connected to additive pond, and overflow reflux bypass is overflow equipped with third
Flow valve；Centrifugal pump extracts additive and enters third pipeline, additive flow in three pipeline of third flow measurement flow control, third overflow
Valve is opened when working, and additive is overflowed back in additive pond.
5. the self feed back three-phase system drilling fluid mixed system according to claim 1-4, which is characterized in that in the first pipeline
First flowmeter, the second flowmeter in the second pipeline, the third flowmeter in third pipeline pass through it is wired or wireless
Mode is connect with field control case；The first control valve meter, the second flowmeter in the second pipeline, third pipeline in first pipeline
In third flowmeter by it is wired or wirelessly with field control case；Density self feed back module passes through wired or nothing
The mode of line is connect with field control case；Field control case passes through wired or nothing with remote hydraulically Parameter design and computation control module
The mode of line connects；First flowmeter in first pipeline transmits seawater flow signal to field control case, and field control case will
Seawater flow signal transmission gives remote hydraulically Parameter design and computation control module；Remote hydraulically Parameter design and computation control module passes
Defeated control signal is to field control case, and field control case is by control signal transmission to the first control valve control and regulation seawater flow；
For second flowmeter in second pipeline to field control case transmission base slurry flow signal, field control case passes base slurry flow signal
Remote hydraulically Parameter design and computation control module is defeated by, remote hydraulically Parameter design and computation control module transmission of control signals is to now
Control signal transmission to the second control valve is controlled to adjust base slurry flow by field control cabinet, field control case；In third pipeline
Three flowmeters transmit additive flow signal to field control case, and field control case gives additive flow signal transmission to long-range water
Force parameter designs calculation control module；Remote hydraulically Parameter design and computation control module transmission of control signals to field control case 8,
Control signal transmission to third control valve is controlled to adjust additive flow by field control case；Density self feed back module is by mixer
Outlet density signal transmission gives field control case, and density signal is transferred to remote hydraulically Parameter design and computation control by field control case
Molding block.
6. the self feed back three-phase system drilling fluid mixed system according to claim 1-5, which is characterized in that field control case
Seawater, base slurry and additive flow and mixer outlet mixed liquor density can be read, and can manual adjusting control valve aperture；
Remote hydraulically parameter designing can be manually entered required drilling fluid density with computing module and instruct, can also be according to formation pressure calculation
Required drilling fluid density, and required seawater, base slurry and additive discharge capacity are calculated according to drilling fluid density；Remote hydraulically parameter is set
Meter can be manually entered required drilling fluid density instruction or according to strata pressure with computing module, utilize remote hydraulically parameter designing
Calculating drilling fluid density is designed with computing module, ratio and the required discharge capacity of base slurry, seawater and additive is designed, passes through
First manifold is by seawater, the second manifold starches base and additive is imported mixer by third manifold, according to calculating data point reuse the
One control valve aperture regulation seawater flow, adjustment the second control valve aperture regulation base slurry flow, adjusts third control valve aperture tune
Save additive flow；Base is starched flow, third flowmeter by additive flow by seawater flow, second flowmeter by first flowmeter
Data are transferred to control module and are compared with design parameter, further adjustment control valve opening, until seawater, base slurry, additive reach
To calculated pump rate；When seawater mix ratio is small, the first control valve opening is small, and pump pressure raising, the first overflow valve is opened, seawater reflux
Into seawater pond；When base slurry mix ratio is small, the second control valve opening is small, and pump pressure raising, the second overflow valve is opened, base slurry reflux
Into base stock tank；When additive mix ratio is small, third control valve aperture is small, and pump pressure raising, third overflow valve is opened, additive
It is back in additive pond, realizes the mixing of seawater, base slurry and the various proportionings of additive and discharge capacity；Density self feed back module will be mixed
Clutch outlet density signal transmission gives field control case, and density signal is transferred to remote hydraulically parameter designing meter by field control case
It calculates control module and instructs or design density comparison, desired value is not achieved and recalculates seawater, base slurry and additive discharge capacity, is formed
Closed loop until density reaches requirement, meets live drilling well demand, and can find flowmeter error in time according to Density feedback value
It is corrected.
7. the self feed back three-phase system drilling fluid mixed system according to claim 1-6, which is characterized in that mixer, packet
It includes：Nacelle, seawater inlet, base slurry entrance, additive entrance, mixture export；Additive entrance, mixture export respectively with cabin
Body both ends are connected, and seawater inlet, base slurry entrance are located at nacelle close to additive entrance one end and separation nacelle both sides；Nacelle and sea
Seawater nozzle is equipped between water inlet, being equipped with base between nacelle and base slurry entrance starches nozzle, and shunting is equipped between nacelle and additive entrance
Structure；With nacelle face eccentric setting, optimal eccentricity is the projection of vertical mixed cabin above without intersecting for seawater nozzle, base slurry nozzle
Distance during part；Seawater, base slurry and additive are imported nacelle by seawater inlet, base slurry entrance and additive entrance by nozzle
It is mixed；Additive entrance can be closed when not needing to wherein during additive, completes the mixing of base slurry and seawater；It is mixed mixed
Liquid is closed to discharge by exporting.
8. the self feed back three-phase system drilling fluid mixed system according to claim 1-7, which is characterized in that seawater nozzle,
Base slurry nozzle arrangements are identical, are dumbbell shape；Seawater nozzle, base slurry nozzle entrance reverse undergauge structure using dumbbell shape shape,
Windup-degree is 15-25 degree；Seawater nozzle, the shortest thickness of base slurry nozzle are 8-10cm.
9. the self feed back three-phase system drilling fluid mixed system according to claim 1-8, which is characterized in that additive entrance
It is truncated cone-shaped inside flow dividing structure using flow dividing structure, is hemispherical close to additive entry position, outside is sky truncated cone-shaped,
External microcephaly connect with additive entrance, and major part is connect with mixed cabin, is connect inside flow dividing structure with outside with four rectangular blocks
Together, flow dividing structure can branch to additive at mixer wall surface, and additive is made to import the seawater and base of outflow at a high speed
Slurry, mixes in whirlpool in cabin, additive is avoided directly to flow through reduction incorporation time from mixer center, make three to mix more
Uniformly.
10. the method for mixing drilling fluid is carried out using the self feed back three-phase system drilling fluid mixed system described in claim 1-9,
It is characterized in that, step is as follows：
(1), Hydraulics design calculation control module obtains required drilling fluid density instruction or according to strata pressure, utilizes water
Force parameter design with computing module is designed calculating drilling fluid density, and design seawater, base slurry and additive ratio and
Required discharge capacity；
The Hydraulics design calculation control module of drilling fluid mixed system, according to mud density needed for formation pressure calculation kill-job
And the principle of discharge capacity is：Under the density and discharge capacity, the flow circuit frictional resistance liquid feeding column pressure in well is equal to formation pore pressure
And less than formation fracture pressure；According to the condition of offshore drilling, well killing fluid density meets：
Pr≤Pwf=ρmgh+Pfr+ρswghsw
In formula：
Pr--- strata pressure, Pa；
Pwf--- bottom pressure, Pa；
ρm--- drilling fluid density after mixing, kg/m3；
H --- mud line is away from bottom depth, m；
Pfr--- annular space frictional resistance, Pa；
ρsw--- density of sea water, kg/m3；
hsw--- the depth of water, m；
Calculating the following formula of annular space frictional resistance：
In formula：
Dwi--- i-th section of mineshaft diameter, m；
Dp--- drilling rod outer diameter, cm；
Dc --- drill collar outer diameter, cm；
ρm--- drilling fluid density after mixing, kg/m3；
μ --- mud plastic viscosity, Pas；
Q --- discharge capacity, L/s；
Hi--- i-th section of pit shaft length；
B --- constant, internal flush drill pipe B=0.51655, full hole tool B=0.57503；Maximum end of a period mud density is according to stratum
Fracture pressure acquires：
In formula：
H --- mud line is away from bottom depth, m；
ρsw--- density of sea water, kg/m3；
hsw--- the depth of water, m；
ρ′m--- end of a period mud density, kg/m3；
Pf--- formation fracture pressure, MPa；
While wellbore mud density is adjusted, need to control dynamic kill-job discharge capacity；Realize drilling fluid row needed for kill-job
It measures and is：
In formula：
Pr--- strata pressure, Pa；
ρsw--- density of sea water, kg/m3；
ρm--- drilling fluid density after mixing, kg/m3；
hsw--- the depth of water, m；
H --- mud line is away from bottom depth, m；
μ --- mud plastic viscosity, Pas；
Dwi--- i-th section of mineshaft diameter, m；
Dp--- drilling rod outer diameter, cm；
Dc--- drill collar outer diameter, cm；
hi--- i-th section of pit shaft length；
B --- constant, internal flush drill pipe B=0.51655, full hole tool B=0.57503；
Ensure pit shaft safety maximum drilling well discharge capacity be：
Drilling fluid displacement, which should also meet, takes rock requirement, reaches minimum injection rate needed for taking rock requirement and is：
In formula：
Qa--- meet the minimum injection rate for taking rock requirement, L/s；
Dw--- mineshaft diameter, cm；
Dp--- drilling rod outer diameter, cm；
ρm--- drilling fluid density after mixing, kg/m3；
The discharge capacity of weighted drilling fluid and seawater can be calculated with equation below：
ρm(Q1+Q2+Q3)=ρ0Q1+ρswQ2+ρtjQ3
Q=Q1+Q2+Q3
Q2=aQ3
In formula：
A be required default seawater and additives ratio, zero dimension；
ρ0For weighted drilling fluid base pulp density, kg/m3；
ρtjFor additive density, kg/m3；
Q1Discharge capacity, L/s are starched for weighted drilling fluid base；
Q2For seawater discharge capacity, L/s；
Q3For additive discharge capacity, L/s；
(2), discharge capacity, the ratio data calculated according to remote hydraulically parameter designing and computing module adjusts the control of the first control valve
Seawater flow, the second control valve control base slurry flow, third control valve control additive flow；
(3), when seawater demand volume is small, the first control valve opening becomes smaller, and mortar pump pump pump pressure raising, the first overflow valve is opened
Pressure release, flow back seawater to seawater pond in；When base slurry demand volume is small, the second control valve opening becomes smaller, shear pump pump pressure raising,
Second overflow valve opens pressure release, and reflux base is starched into base stock tank；When additive demand volume is small, third control valve aperture becomes
Small, centrifugal pump pump pressure raising, third overflow valve opens pressure release, in the additive to additive pond that flows back；
(4), base is starched flow, third flowmeter by additive flow data by seawater flow, second flowmeter by first flowmeter
It is transferred to control module to compare with design parameter, further adjustment control valve opening, until seawater, base slurry, additive reach meter
Calculate discharge capacity；
(5), seawater by the first control valve, base slurry by the second control valve and additive by after third control valve in mixer
Mixing；
(6), surveyed Density feedback to control module and is instructed or designed density pair by mixer outlet density self feed back module
Than, it is impossible to control valve opening is adjusted when reaching desired value again, forms closed loop, until density reaches requirement, meets live drilling well
Demand, and can find that flowmeter error is corrected in time according to Density feedback value.
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