CN108222009B - Construction method and device for carrying out underwater bottom sealing on large-area deep foundation pit by adopting small hopper - Google Patents

Construction method and device for carrying out underwater bottom sealing on large-area deep foundation pit by adopting small hopper Download PDF

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Publication number
CN108222009B
CN108222009B CN201810199209.3A CN201810199209A CN108222009B CN 108222009 B CN108222009 B CN 108222009B CN 201810199209 A CN201810199209 A CN 201810199209A CN 108222009 B CN108222009 B CN 108222009B
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small
hopper
small hopper
concrete
bottom sealing
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CN108222009A (en
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程跃辉
廖正根
何承海
马加志
刘星
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Cccc Second Harbor Engineering Co ltd Chengdu
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Cccc Second Harbor Engineering Co ltd Chengdu
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    • EFIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
    • E02HYDRAULIC ENGINEERING; FOUNDATIONS; SOIL SHIFTING
    • E02DFOUNDATIONS; EXCAVATIONS; EMBANKMENTS; UNDERGROUND OR UNDERWATER STRUCTURES
    • E02D17/00Excavations; Bordering of excavations; Making embankments
    • E02D17/02Foundation pits
    • EFIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
    • E02HYDRAULIC ENGINEERING; FOUNDATIONS; SOIL SHIFTING
    • E02DFOUNDATIONS; EXCAVATIONS; EMBANKMENTS; UNDERGROUND OR UNDERWATER STRUCTURES
    • E02D15/00Handling building or like materials for hydraulic engineering or foundations
    • E02D15/02Handling of bulk concrete specially for foundation or hydraulic engineering purposes
    • EFIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
    • E02HYDRAULIC ENGINEERING; FOUNDATIONS; SOIL SHIFTING
    • E02DFOUNDATIONS; EXCAVATIONS; EMBANKMENTS; UNDERGROUND OR UNDERWATER STRUCTURES
    • E02D17/00Excavations; Bordering of excavations; Making embankments
    • E02D17/02Foundation pits
    • E02D17/04Bordering surfacing or stiffening the sides of foundation pits

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  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Mining & Mineral Resources (AREA)
  • General Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Structural Engineering (AREA)
  • Life Sciences & Earth Sciences (AREA)
  • General Life Sciences & Earth Sciences (AREA)
  • Paleontology (AREA)
  • Civil Engineering (AREA)
  • Underground Or Underwater Handling Of Building Materials (AREA)
  • On-Site Construction Work That Accompanies The Preparation And Application Of Concrete (AREA)

Abstract

The invention discloses a construction method and a device for carrying out underwater bottom sealing on a large-area deep foundation pit by adopting a small hopper, which belong to the field of underwater bottom sealing construction methods, a simple small bottom sealing platform is erected by utilizing a deep foundation pit support structure, a plurality of guide pipes are arranged on the bottom sealing platform, when each guide pipe is used for sealing the bottom, at least 3 pump trucks are adopted to directly cast concrete into the small hopper above the guide pipe, when the small hopper concrete is about to be in a full state, the first tank pipe sealing construction is carried out by cupping, at least 3 pump trucks continuously supplement materials into the small hopper, the small hopper is ensured to be in a full state all the time until the pipe sealing depth of the guide pipe meets the requirement, and after the first tank is finished, normal casting can be carried out. The remaining tubes were carried out as described above. The invention greatly simplifies the construction process, reduces the construction difficulty and the construction risk, accelerates the construction progress and the back cover progress, improves the quality of the back cover concrete, and reduces the construction cost.

Description

Construction method and device for carrying out underwater bottom sealing on large-area deep foundation pit by adopting small hopper
Technical Field
The invention belongs to the field of underwater back cover construction methods, and is suitable for underwater back cover construction of various deep foundation pits. The method is used for deep foundation construction in the bridge construction field and deep foundation pit construction of underground engineering, and large-area underwater bottom sealing concrete pouring is needed to ensure the formation of dry operation conditions in the deep foundation pit.
Background
In bridge foundation construction or underground engineering construction, because the foundation pit is positioned in deep water or the excavation of the foundation pit is deeper, in order to ensure that dry operation construction can be formed in the foundation pit, underwater concrete is poured in the foundation pit to seal the bottom. Because of the large area of the foundation pit, the back cover concrete often needs to be poured by adopting a central collection hopper.
The traditional method for carrying out large-volume underwater concrete back cover construction by using a central large-size collecting hopper comprises the following steps:
the traditional large-volume underwater concrete bottom is poured by adopting a central large collecting hopper, and the structure comprises a bottom sealing platform, the central large collecting hopper, a small hopper, a guide pipe and a chute for connecting the large hopper and the small hopper.
The principle is as follows: a large bottom sealing platform is erected by utilizing a foundation pit support structure, 1-2 central large hoppers (the large hoppers consist of a central storage hopper, a starting switch device and a distributing hopper) are erected in the middle of the platform, each large hopper is provided with 4 starting switch devices and 4 distributing hoppers, concrete pouring in the four directions of southeast, northwest and northwest of a deep foundation pit is controlled respectively, and each starting switch corresponds to one distributing hopper. Wherein, be equipped with a plurality of feed openings (generally 3) according to the scene condition on the feed hopper, every feed opening all is connected with a chute, and every chute is connected with a little hopper, and little hopper is connected with a back cover pipe. The blanking opening adopts the picture peg to control the flow direction of concrete. Firstly, pouring concrete into a storage hopper through a drag pump or a pump truck for storage, then starting a starting switch on one side of a conduit needing a first tank, flowing the concrete into a distributing hopper below, then flowing the concrete into a small hopper through a chute for first tank pouring, adopting normal pouring after the pipe sealing depth of the first tank of the conduit meets the requirement, then closing the starting switch, storing the concrete again in the storage hopper, and carrying out first tank construction of the next conduit.
The traditional construction method for sealing the bottom of the underwater concrete with the large central collection hopper comprises the following steps:
1) After the deep foundation pit is excavated in place, a bottom sealing platform is erected, a central collecting hopper is erected on the platform, and a guide pipe, a small hopper and a chute are installed, so that each chute corresponds to a discharge hole on the central collecting and distributing hopper one by one.
2) All the 4 starting devices below the central collecting hopper are closed, all the discharge ports on the distributing hopper are blocked by adopting the bolt plates, and only the discharge port of the first bottom sealing guide pipe is left to be closed.
3) The manual work gets into in the central collection storage hopper, adopts the gunny bag to block up 3 starting devices to in the concrete gets into starting device, the concrete initial setting has been for a long time blocked up starting device, only remains the starting device that needs pour one side and need not block up.
4) And conveying concrete into the storage hopper.
5) Starting a starting device without plugging, and enabling concrete to flow into the small hopper through the distributing hopper and the chute.
6) And (5) pulling up the small hopper with the annular cover plate to perform first-pot bottom sealing construction.
7) After the bottom sealing of one guide pipe is finished, the starting device and the discharge port of the distributing hopper connected with the guide pipe are closed, and the discharge port connected with the next guide pipe with the bottom sealed is pulled out. And continuing to convey concrete into the storage hopper.
8) And (5) performing the next duct bottom sealing construction according to the sequence of the steps 5 and 6.
9) After the bottom sealing of the first tank at the same side is finished, the starting device is closed, the starting device is blocked by a gunny bag and the like in a storage hopper manually, and then the gunny bag in the starting device at the side needing to be poured is removed.
10 And (3) performing first sealing construction of other pipes according to the sequence from the step 4 to the step 9, and performing normal material supplementing pouring of each pipe in the process.
11 And (3) dismantling the central collecting hopper, the bottom sealing platform and the like after the bottom sealing concrete is finished.
Limitations of traditional central collection large hopper back cover construction:
1) The construction cost is high: the large-scale bottom sealing platform needs to be erected and dismantled, a central large collecting hopper and a plurality of chute are needed, raw materials are used, and construction cost is high.
2) The construction progress is slow: construction time of about half month is required for erecting and dismantling the platform.
3) The safety risk is high: the large-scale bottom sealing platform is required to be erected, and a central collecting hopper is required to be installed on the platform for storing concrete, so that the bottom sealing platform is required to be erected higher, the concrete can smoothly flow into the small hopper through the chute for first tank, the platform is difficult to erect, and the central collecting hopper has certain safety risk; the traditional back cover method is adopted for back cover, and every time a guide pipe is sealed, workers are required to climb to the top of the storage hopper and enter the bottom in the back cover large hopper to clean and seal the starting device, so that the operation safety risk is high.
4) The construction difficulty is high: the central collection hopper is provided with 4 starting devices, and as only one starting switch can be started each time, the other 3 starting switches are required to be blocked, so that the starting switches are prevented from being blocked when concrete enters, and the trouble is caused to later pouring; the bottom of the storage hopper is a plane, so that concrete is easy to deposit, and workers are required to be dispatched to manually clean the large hopper every time the concrete is poured for a period of time; if the worker is not cleaned, the starting device is easy to be blocked, and the starting device is difficult to open.
5) In the process of failure and bottom sealing of the first tank, concrete waste is large: when each guide pipe is used for pouring the first tank, concrete needs to flow into the small hopper from the large hopper through the longer chute, and if the chute is not firmly erected or the gradient is too slow or the concrete fluidity does not meet the requirement, a large amount of sediment is caused to be wasted, and even the first tank fails to seal the bottom.
6) The back cover progress is slow, and back cover time is long: because every interval just needs the workman to get into in the big hopper and carry out the operation, and every operation time is longer, can't deposit concrete in the storage hopper in this operation time, seriously influence the back cover progress, cause the back cover time long.
7) The quality of the back cover is relatively poor: because the single pouring square quantity of the underwater back cover concrete is large, the common back cover time is relatively long, the high requirements are put forward on the back cover concrete retarding time and construction organization, the concrete retarding time is required to be longer than the total back cover time, and the purposes are to achieve the purposes that firstly, the retarding time of the concrete is prolonged, and secondly, the back cover time is shortened. The traditional large back cover hopper is adopted for back cover, and because workers are required to enter the storage hopper for cleaning and the like for many times, the total back cover time is prolonged, and the construction quality of the back cover can be influenced.
8) The manufacturing difficulty of the central collection hopper is high, and the manufacturing cost is high: the central collection big hopper is provided with 4 starting devices, and the processing precision requirement of the starting devices is higher, and the processing difficulty is relatively higher, so that the manufacturing difficulty and the manufacturing cost of the back cover big hopper are necessarily increased.
Disclosure of Invention
The invention aims at: aiming at the limitation of the traditional construction method for underwater bottom sealing of a deep foundation pit (usually more than 200 square) with a large area (usually more than 5 meters in excavation depth) by using a central large-collection hopper, the invention is improved, and the novel construction method for underwater bottom sealing of the deep foundation pit with a large area by using a small hopper is adopted, so that the underwater concrete bottom sealing of the deep foundation pit with a large area can be realized without erecting a large-scale bottom sealing platform, erecting a large-scale hopper for storage and conveying concrete by using a chute. The construction process is greatly simplified, the construction difficulty and the construction risk are reduced, the construction progress and the back cover progress are accelerated, the quality of the back cover concrete is improved, and the construction cost is reduced.
The aim of the invention is achieved by the following technical scheme:
a construction method for carrying out large-area deep foundation pit underwater back cover by adopting a small hopper comprises the following specific steps:
1) The method comprises the steps that a simple bottom sealing platform is erected by using a deep foundation pit support structure, guide pipes and small hoppers are installed, the simple bottom sealing platform only needs to meet the requirements of bearing the small hoppers and the guide pipes, a plurality of small hoppers are fixed on the simple bottom sealing platform, and each small hopper extends into the bottom of an underwater foundation pit through one guide pipe;
2) 3-4 pump trucks are arranged according to the site conditions, so that at least 3 pump trucks can feed each small hopper and each small hopper guide pipe simultaneously;
3) The mixing station is used for mixing concrete and transporting the concrete to the site;
4) Placing a waterproof ball in a conduit to be subjected to bottom sealing, and sealing a blanking opening of the small hopper by using a sealing mechanism;
5) When the concrete transported to the site exceeds 50 cubes, starting at least 3 pump trucks to simultaneously pour the concrete into the small hopper of the guide pipe to be sealed;
6) When the small hopper is about to be in a full state, the crane lifts by crane to quickly pull out a sealing mechanism of a discharging opening of the small hopper, so as to carry out first tank bottom sealing construction, and at least 3 pump trucks simultaneously supplement materials into the small hopper, so that the small hopper is always in the full state until the sealing pipe is full and meets the requirement;
7) After the first tank meets the requirement, the guide pipe enters normal casting, and a pump truck is adopted for periodic material supplementing;
8) Performing the bottom sealing construction of the next guide pipe according to the sequence of the steps 4-7;
9) And removing the simple bottom sealing platform, the small hopper and the guide pipe after the bottom sealing concrete is finished.
The construction device for the construction method comprises a simple bottom sealing platform, guide pipes, small hoppers and pump trucks, wherein the simple bottom sealing platform is erected by using a deep foundation pit support structure and comprises a plurality of groups of support beams, each group of support beams comprises a pair of cross beams and a plurality of pairs of longitudinal beams, the cross beams span the two side support structures and are supported by the support structures, each pair of longitudinal beams are fixed on the cross beams to support and fix each small hopper, each small hopper extends into the bottom of an underwater foundation pit through one guide pipe, and a blanking opening of the small hopper connecting guide pipe is provided with a sealing mechanism for switching the blanking opening; the pump truck is provided with 3 to 4 pump trucks and is connected with a small hopper for pumping concrete through a concrete pump pipe to pump the concrete.
Alternatively, the support beams of each group are arranged side by side, each group of support beams is provided with a plurality of small hoppers, and the two outermost groups of support beams are provided with more small hoppers relative to the other groups of support beams on the inner side.
Alternatively, the small hopper capacity is 1.+ -. 0.2 square.
The foregoing inventive subject matter and various further alternatives thereof may be freely combined to form a plurality of alternatives, all of which are employable and claimed herein; and the invention can be freely combined between the (non-conflicting choices) choices and between the choices and other choices. Various combinations will be apparent to those skilled in the art from a review of the present disclosure, and are not intended to be exhaustive or all of the present disclosure.
The invention has the beneficial effects that: the novel construction method for carrying out the underwater back cover of the large-area deep foundation pit by using the small hopper has the following advantages compared with the traditional construction method for carrying out the underwater back cover of the large-area deep foundation pit by using the central large-area collection hopper:
1) Simple process, convenient operation and small construction difficulty.
2) The safety is higher: without setting up a large-scale back cover platform, people do not need to climb up to enter the large hopper bin.
3) The time for erecting and dismantling the large-scale bottom sealing platform is saved.
4) Meanwhile, a plurality of pump trucks are adopted for bottom sealing, the progress of bottom sealing is accelerated, and the efficiency is high.
5) The construction cost is low: the material of the large material for erecting the bottom sealing platform is omitted, and a central large collecting hopper does not need to be machined.
6) The quality of the back cover is easier to be ensured.
7) Operators are reduced, and the labor cost of back cover is obviously reduced.
Drawings
FIG. 1 is a schematic elevational view of an embodiment of the present invention;
FIG. 2 is a schematic plan view of an embodiment of the present invention;
wherein 1 is a simple bottom sealing platform, 2 is a guide pipe, 3 is a small hopper, 4 is a pump truck, 5 is a foundation pit, 6 is an enclosure structure, 7 is a supporting beam, 8 is a cross beam, 9 is a longitudinal beam, 10 is a concrete pump pipe, and 11 is underwater bottom sealing concrete.
Detailed Description
The following non-limiting examples illustrate the invention.
Referring to fig. 1 and 2, a simple small-sized bottom sealing platform is erected by using a deep foundation pit support structure, a plurality of guide pipes are arranged on the bottom sealing platform, a small hopper with the capacity of about 1 square is installed on each guide pipe, and the bottom is directly sealed by adopting the small hopper.
When the bottom of each guide pipe is sealed, at least 3 pump trucks are adopted to directly cast concrete into the small hopper above the guide pipe, when the small hopper concrete is about to be in a full state, the first pot pipe sealing construction is carried out by cupping, at least 3 pump trucks continuously supplement materials into the small hopper, the small hopper is ensured to be always in the full state until the pipe sealing burial depth of the guide pipe meets the requirement, and the normal casting can be carried out after the first pot is completed. The remaining tubes were carried out as described above.
The construction device for the construction method comprises a simple bottom sealing platform 1, a conduit 2, small hoppers 3 and a pump truck 4, wherein the simple bottom sealing platform 1 is erected by using a foundation pit 5 enclosing structure 6 and is composed of a plurality of groups of supporting beams 7, each group of supporting beams 7 is composed of a pair of cross beams 8 and a plurality of pairs of longitudinal beams 9, wherein the pair of cross beams 8 span two sides of the enclosing structure 6 and are supported by the enclosing structure 6, each pair of longitudinal beams 9 are fixed on the pair of cross beams 8 to support and fix each small hopper 3, each small hopper 3 extends into the bottom of an underwater foundation pit 5 through one conduit 2, and a sealing mechanism for switching a feed opening is arranged at a feed opening of the small hopper 3 connected with the conduit 2, such as an annular steel plate; the pump truck 4 is provided with 3 to 4, 4 as shown in the drawing, and is connected with the small hopper 3 for pumping concrete through the concrete pump pipe 10. Alternatively, as shown in the drawings of the embodiment, the supporting beams 7 of each group are arranged side by side, each supporting beam 7 of each group is provided with a plurality of small hoppers 3, and the two supporting beams 7 of the outermost group are provided with more small hoppers 3 relative to the supporting beams 7 of the other groups of the inner side, and the capacity of the small hoppers 3 is 1+/-0.2 square.
The construction method for carrying out the underwater bottom sealing of the large-area deep foundation pit by adopting the small hopper comprises the following specific steps:
1) A simple bottom sealing platform 1 is erected by using a foundation pit 5 enclosure structure 6, a guide pipe 2 and small hoppers 3 (the capacity is about 1 square, preferably 1+/-0.2 square) are installed, the simple bottom sealing platform 1 only needs to meet the requirements of bearing the small hoppers 3 and the guide pipe 2, a plurality of small hoppers 3 are fixed on the simple bottom sealing platform 1, and each small hopper 3 extends into the bottom of an underwater foundation pit 5 through one guide pipe 2;
2) 3 to 4 pump trucks 4 are arranged according to the site situation, so that at least 3 pump trucks 4 of each small hopper 3 and the guide pipe 2 thereof can be simultaneously fed, and 4 pump trucks 4 are simultaneously fed as shown in fig. 2;
3) The mixing station is used for mixing concrete and transporting the concrete to the site;
4) Placing a waterproof ball in the guide pipe 2 to be subjected to bottom sealing, and sealing the blanking opening of the small hopper 3 by using a sealing mechanism;
5) When the concrete transported to the site exceeds 50 cubes, 4 pump trucks 4 are started to simultaneously pour the concrete into the small hopper 3 of the guide pipe 2 to be sealed;
6) When the small hopper 3 is in a full state, the crane lifts up to quickly pull out a sealing mechanism of a discharging opening of the small hopper 3, so that the first tank bottom sealing construction is carried out, and meanwhile, 4 pump trucks 4 supplement materials into the small hopper 3 at the same time, so that the small hopper 3 is always in the full state until the sealing pipe is full and meets the requirements;
7) After the first tank meets the requirement, the guide pipe 2 enters normal casting, and a pump truck 4 is adopted for periodic material supplementing;
8) Performing the bottom sealing construction of the next guide pipe 2 according to the sequence of the steps 4-7;
9) And after the back cover concrete is finished, the simple back cover platform 1, the small hopper 3 and the guide pipe 2 are removed.
The foregoing description of the preferred embodiments of the invention is not intended to be limiting, but rather is intended to cover all modifications, equivalents, and alternatives falling within the spirit and principles of the invention.

Claims (2)

1. The construction method for carrying out the underwater bottom sealing of the large-area deep foundation pit by adopting the small hopper is characterized by comprising the following specific steps:
1) The method comprises the steps that a simple bottom sealing platform is erected by a foundation pit support structure, guide pipes and small hoppers are installed, the simple bottom sealing platform only needs to meet the requirements of bearing the small hoppers and the guide pipes, a plurality of small hoppers are fixed on the simple bottom sealing platform, and each small hopper extends into the bottom of an underwater foundation pit through one guide pipe;
2) 3-4 pump trucks are arranged according to the site conditions, so that at least 3 pump trucks can feed each small hopper and each small hopper guide pipe simultaneously;
3) The mixing station is used for mixing concrete and transporting the concrete to the site;
4) Placing a waterproof ball in a conduit to be subjected to bottom sealing, and sealing a blanking opening of the small hopper by using a sealing mechanism;
5) When the concrete transported to the site exceeds 50 cubes, starting at least 3 pump trucks to simultaneously pour the concrete into the small hopper of the guide pipe to be sealed;
6) When the small hopper is about to be in a full state, the crane lifts by crane to quickly pull out a sealing mechanism of a discharging opening of the small hopper, so as to carry out first tank bottom sealing construction, and at least 3 pump trucks simultaneously supplement materials into the small hopper, so that the small hopper is always in the full state until the sealing pipe is full and meets the requirement;
7) After the first tank meets the requirement, the guide pipe enters normal casting, and a pump truck is adopted for periodic material supplementing;
8) Performing the bottom sealing construction of the next guide pipe according to the sequence of the steps 4-7;
9) And removing the simple bottom sealing platform, the small hopper and the guide pipe after the bottom sealing concrete is finished.
2. The construction device for the construction method of claim 1, which is characterized by comprising a simple bottom sealing platform, guide pipes, small hoppers and pump trucks, wherein the simple bottom sealing platform is erected by using a deep foundation pit support structure and comprises a plurality of groups of support beams, each group of support beams comprises a pair of cross beams and a plurality of pairs of longitudinal beams, the pair of cross beams span the two side support structures and are supported by the support structures, each pair of longitudinal beams is fixed on the pair of cross beams to support and fix each small hopper, each small hopper extends into the bottom of an underwater foundation pit through one guide pipe, and a blanking opening of the small hopper connecting guide pipe is provided with a sealing mechanism for switching the blanking opening; the pump truck is provided with 3 to 4 pump trucks and is connected with a small hopper for pumping concrete through a concrete pump pipe to pump the concrete; each group of supporting beams are arranged side by side, a plurality of small hoppers are arranged on each group of supporting beams, and more small hoppers are arranged on the two outermost groups of supporting beams relative to the other groups of supporting beams on the inner side; the capacity of the small hopper is 1+/-0.2 square.
CN201810199209.3A 2018-03-12 2018-03-12 Construction method and device for carrying out underwater bottom sealing on large-area deep foundation pit by adopting small hopper Active CN108222009B (en)

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CN108979161A (en) * 2018-09-26 2018-12-11 中铁十局集团第二工程有限公司 A kind of construction method and bottom concrete of bottom concrete
CN110397044A (en) * 2019-07-22 2019-11-01 中铁第四勘察设计院集团有限公司 The prominent foundation ditch construction method and foundation pit structure gushed of anti-artesian water
CN110965556B (en) * 2019-11-20 2021-04-27 中建桥梁有限公司 Large-area underwater concrete pouring method
CN111945737B (en) * 2020-07-01 2022-05-17 中国建筑一局(集团)有限公司 Underwater concrete bottom sealing construction method for elevator foundation pit
CN113026781B (en) * 2021-03-18 2023-03-10 中铁四局集团有限公司 Bearing platform fore shaft steel pipe pile cofferdam back cover structure and construction method thereof
CN113529724B (en) * 2021-08-27 2023-04-28 中交二航局第四工程有限公司 Foundation pit concrete pouring construction method

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