CN108220581A - It is a kind of without soft band four-point contact ball pivoting support bearing - Google Patents

Abstract

The invention discloses a kind of without soft band four-point contact ball pivoting support bearing,Including without soft band outer ring,It is no soft with ring gear and to be placed in without soft with outer ring and without the soft rolling element between ring gear,The no soft circumference inner radius with outer ring is provided with without soft band annular groove one,It is provided at the no soft circumference outer diameter with ring gear without soft band annular groove two,It is circular cavity that no soft band annular groove one, which combines with without soft band annular groove two and forms a section,,Rolling element is placed in cavity,The present invention is carried out at the same time the heating and cooling of raceway face,It will not generate without soft region,Therefore it will not be cracked because of raceway face caused by reheating,Also the soft region without being formed by quenching,The step of also simplifying pivoting support heat treatment simultaneously,Improve working efficiency,Be conducive to the extension of four-point contact ball pivoting support bearing service life.

Description

A four-point contact ball slewing ring bearing without soft belt

technical field

The invention belongs to the technical field of slewing bearings, and in particular relates to a four-point contact ball slewing bearing without soft belts.

Background technique

The four-point contact ball bearing is a separable bearing, and it can also be said to be a set of angular contact ball bearings that can withstand bidirectional axial loads. The raceways of the inner and outer rings are peach-shaped cross-sections. When there is no load or pure radial load, the steel ball and the ring appear as four-point contact, which is also the origin of the name, and can bear larger shafts at the same time. direction, radial load and overturning moment. It is used in various construction machinery and rotary workbenches. It is an important part of the rotary mechanism of construction machinery. It has high requirements for the quenching quality of its raceways. Generally, its surface is required to have high hardness and wear resistance. The material inside the channel still maintains the original ductile structure. For large-diameter slewing bearings, medium-frequency induction hardening is usually used. Because medium-frequency induction hardening has fast heating speed, high efficiency and no pollution, it is widely used in surface induction hardening of slewing bearings. Although the traditional intermediate frequency induction hardening mechanism on the surface of the raceway has various types and advantages, it still cannot solve the problem of induction hardening soft belt.

The quenching soft belt is a blind area between the starting position and the end position of the quenching equipment sensor, which is a low hardness area formed without quenching in order to prevent cracks on the surface of the raceway caused by secondary heating. Since the existing technology cannot avoid the generation of hardened soft belts, the direction of the load must be considered during the installation of the slewing ring. Therefore, it is necessary to place the soft belts in non-main load-bearing areas as much as possible to prevent the contact area between the soft belts and the rollers from being subjected to motion loads. The transitional wear in the process leads to the overall scrapping of the slewing bearing, but such an operation method limits the scope of use of the slewing bearing, reduces the service life of the slewing bearing, and increases the maintenance cost of the equipment later, which has become an important factor restricting the development of slewing bearing enterprises in my country. factor.

In the prior art, in order to avoid hardening soft bands, after the workpiece is clamped and fixed, an intermediate frequency induction hardening device is used to heat and quench the outer surface of the slewing bearing along a specific guide rail. This working method requires a lot of preparation time. The work efficiency is low, and it cannot solve the soft belt problem existing in the heat treatment process of the four-point contact ball slewing ring bearing, resulting in a short service life of the slewing ring bearing and increasing the maintenance cost of the enterprise.

Contents of the invention

In order to solve the above-mentioned technical problems, the present invention provides a four-point contact ball slewing ring bearing without a soft belt. The raceway surface of the inner and outer rings of the four-point contact ball bearing is quenched by using the present invention, which solves the problem of heat treatment of the traditional large-diameter slewing ring bearing. The soft belt problem existing in the bearing can improve the efficiency and quality of the heat treatment of the slewing bearing, which is beneficial to the extension of the service life of the slewing bearing.

The technical solution adopted in the present invention is: a four-point contact ball slewing bearing without a soft belt, including an outer ring without a soft belt, an inner gear ring without a soft belt, and an outer ring without a soft belt and an inner gear ring without a soft belt Between the rolling elements, there is an annular groove with or without soft belt at the inner diameter of the outer ring without soft belt, and there is an annular groove with or without soft belt at the outer diameter of the inner ring gear without soft belt. Groove 1 and non-soft belt annular groove 2 are combined to form a cavity with a circular cross section. Rolling elements are placed in the cavity. For the dust-proof sealing ring, there is an oil hole connected to the cavity in the radial direction of the non-soft outer ring.

The thickness direction of the non-soft belt outer ring and the thickness direction of the non-soft belt inner ring gear are provided with mounting holes evenly distributed around the center of the bearing.

The rolling elements are steel balls.

The outer ring without soft belt and the inner ring gear without soft belt are both made of 40GrMo, which belongs to ultra-high strength steel, has high strength and toughness, good hardenability, and no obvious temper brittleness. Afterwards, the performance of the slewing bearing can be improved, the bearing can run stably and reliably, its service life can be extended, and repair and maintenance costs can be reduced.

The invention provides a quenching method for a four-point contact ball slewing bearing without a soft belt, which includes the following steps:

Step 1. Positioning of the workpiece: respectively install the outer ring and the inner ring gear of the slewing ring horizontally on the working platform of the machine tool and fix them;

Step 2. Determine the center position of the workpiece: a distance measuring sensor is installed on the main shaft of the machine tool, and the distance measuring sensor is used to measure the distance of different positions on the outer circumferential surface or the inner circumferential surface of the workpiece, determine the coordinates of the center of the workpiece, and record the coordinates. Stored in the machine tool control system, determine the starting position, end position and motion radius of the induction heater according to the coordinate value;

Step 3. Heating and cooling of the workpiece: At the initial position, the two induction heaters installed on the mobile device of the machine tool are at the initial zero point at the same time, and the distance between the two induction heaters is 2mm, and the induction heater is close to the raceway Surface, when quenching, the two induction heaters are energized at the same time, and the two induction heaters move from the zero point to the opposite direction at the same speed to the end point. During the movement, the midpoint of the moving arc of the two induction heaters and The center of the workpiece remains concentric. When the end point is reached, the two induction heaters stop moving and the distance between the two induction heaters is 2mm; during the process of the induction heater heating the raceway surface, the two cooling devices installed on the machine tool Cool the heated raceway surface at the same time as the two induction heaters, and the time interval between heating and cooling of each point on the raceway surface is equal; two sets of induction heaters heat and evacuate the end position After the surface of the raceway, the induction heater is powered off and the heating is stopped. After the two cooling devices cool the surface of the raceway at the end position, they are withdrawn from the surface of the raceway to complete the entire quenching process of the slewing bearing, that is, the outer ring without soft belt, No soft belt ring gear.

The ranging sensor in the second step is an ultrasonic ranging sensor, a laser ranging sensor or an infrared ranging sensor.

The control system is a PLC programming system.

The raceway surface in the step 3 is the first surface of the annular groove or the second surface of the annular groove.

The induction heater in the step 3 is an intermediate frequency inductor, the heating current frequency is 2500-8000 Hz, and the distance between the induction heater and the workpiece raceway surface is 2-3 mm.

In the third step, the cooling medium of the cooling device is water, aqueous solution or mineral oil.

In the first step, the purpose of placing the workpiece horizontally is to keep the central axis of the workpiece perpendicular to the workbench, so that the induction heater always moves on the same horizontal line during the working process, reducing the number of workers in the programming process. The time spent in the process not only ensures the work efficiency but also reduces the work difficulty of the staff, and can make the workpiece be heated and cooled evenly in the subsequent heating and cooling process, so as to achieve the excellent performance of the final product.

In the second step, the purpose of setting the ranging sensor is to quickly find the center of the workpiece, determine the actual coordinate value of the center, and combine the radius of the raceway to be quenched to obtain the position of the induction heater. The program of two induction heater motion tracks is incorporated into the program to achieve the purpose of keeping the distance between the induction heater and the surface to be quenched constant during the quenching process, which is conducive to improving the efficiency and quality of quenching, and also to make the In the subsequent heating and cooling process, the workpiece is heated and cooled evenly, so as to achieve excellent performance in the final product.

The third step is to induction harden the two induction heaters at the initial zero position at the same time, and induction harden at the meeting position at the end, instead of the traditional single induction heater starting from the starting point, and after a lap around the working surface, between the end point and the starting point There is a problem of soft belt due to time difference. Since the heating and cooling of the present invention are carried out simultaneously, there will be no soft belt area, so there will be no cracks on the surface of the raceway caused by secondary heating, and there will be no low hardness area formed by quenching .

In step 3, during quenching, the two induction heaters are energized at the same time, and the two induction heaters move from the zero position to the opposite direction at the same speed to the end point. During the movement, the two induction heaters move the arc The midpoint is concentric with the center of the workpiece; the purpose of this setting is to keep the distance between the induction heater and the surface of the raceway always equal during the moving process. After the induction heater is energized, the surface of the raceway can be quenched, During the quenching process, since the moving speed of the induction heater is the same and the distance from the surface of the raceway is equal, it can ensure that the moving angle and distance of the two induction heaters are equal, so that the heating time of each point on the surface of the raceway is equal, so that the rolling The quenched surface is evenly heated, so as to ensure that the hardness of each point after quenching is the same, and the quality of quenching is improved.

In the third step, during the process of the induction heater heating the raceway of the slewing bearing, the two cooling devices installed on the machine tool simultaneously heat the heated raceway surface with the same motion trajectory as the two induction heaters. Cooling, the time interval between heating and cooling of each point on the raceway is equal; the purpose of this setting is to cool the heated raceway surface at the same time interval, improve the cooling effect, and synchronize the heating and cooling of the raceway And uniform, which is conducive to the improvement of the entire quenching quality.

In step 3, the two induction heaters installed on the machine tool moving device are located at the initial zero point at the same time, and the distance between the two induction heaters is 2mm; when the end point is reached, the two induction heaters stop moving and the two The distance between the two induction heaters is 2mm; the purpose of this setting is to prevent the structural collision of the equipment caused by the two induction heaters being too close, and reduce the difficulty of the operation. On the other hand, when the distance is greater than 2mm, the two induction heaters If the distance between the heaters is too far, the blind area of heating will be enlarged, especially when encountering large bearings, the heat cannot be transmitted to the blind area of heating, so if the temperature here of the bearing is not enough, it will not meet the requirements of quenching , The quality of quenching is difficult to guarantee, thus affecting the quality of the final product.

Beneficial effects of the present invention:

The operation process of the invention is simple and convenient, and the center of the slewing bearing can be positioned before quenching to ensure the accuracy of the movement of the induction heater and the cooling device, and the rolling track of the slewing bearing can be realized by moving the two induction heaters in opposite directions at the same time No soft zone heat treatment process, the present invention heats and cools the surface of the raceway at the same time, does not produce no soft zone area, so there is no crack on the surface of the raceway caused by secondary heating, and there is no low hardness formed by quenching At the same time, it also simplifies the heat treatment steps of the slewing bearing, improves work efficiency, and is conducive to prolonging the service life of the four-point contact ball slewing bearing.

Description of drawings

Fig. 1 is the structural representation of slewing bearing of the present invention;

Fig. 2 is a structural schematic diagram of a slewing bearing without a soft outer ring of the present invention;

Fig. 3 is a structural schematic diagram of the slewing bearing without soft belt inner gear of the present invention;

Fig. 4 is the schematic diagram of the quenching of the inner ring gear in the present invention;

Fig. 5 is a cross-sectional view of the inner ring gear of the present invention before quenching;

Fig. 6 is a principle diagram of quenching the outer ring of the present invention;

Fig. 7 is a sectional view of the outer ring of the present invention before quenching.

Marks in the figure: 1, induction heater; 2, cooling device; 3, outer ring without soft belt; 3-1, outer ring; 4, inner gear ring without soft belt; 4-1, inner gear ring; 5, rolling Body; 6. Sealing ring; 7. Oil hole; 8. Mounting hole; 9. Annular groove 1 without soft belt; 9-1. Annular groove 1; 10. Annular groove 2 without soft belt; 10-1. Ring groove two.

Detailed ways

The specific implementation manners of the present invention will be further described in detail below in conjunction with the accompanying drawings.

Embodiment one,

As shown in Fig. 1-3, a four-point contact ball slewing ring bearing without soft belt includes the outer ring without soft belt 3, the inner gear ring without soft belt 4 and the outer ring without soft belt 3 and the belt without soft belt. The rolling elements 5 between the ring gears 4, the non-soft outer ring 3 and the non-soft inner ring gear 4 are all made of 40GrMo, and the inner diameter of the non-soft outer ring 3 is provided with a soft-band annular groove-9, There is a non-soft belt annular groove 2 10 at the outer diameter of the circumference of the inner gear ring 4 without a soft belt, and the combination of the non-soft belt annular groove 1 9 and the non-soft belt annular groove 2 10 forms a cavity with a circular cross section , a steel ball is placed in the cavity, and a sealing ring 6 is provided at the connection between the non-soft belt outer ring 3 and the non-soft belt inner ring gear 4 to play a dustproof role. Connect the oil hole 7 of the cavity.

The thickness direction of the non-flexible outer ring 3 and the thickness direction of the non-flexible inner ring gear 4 are provided with mounting holes 8 evenly distributed around the center of the bearing.

As shown in Figure 4-5, a quenching method for the inner ring gear 4-1 of a four-point contact ball slewing ring bearing without a soft belt includes the following steps:

Step 1. Positioning of the workpiece: horizontally install the inner ring gear 4-1 of the slewing bearing on the working platform of the machine tool and fix it;

Step 2. Determine the center position of the workpiece: an ultrasonic ranging sensor is installed on the spindle of the machine tool, and the distance measuring sensor is used to measure the distance of different positions on the outer or inner circumferential surface of the workpiece, determine the coordinates of the center of the workpiece, and record the coordinate values And stored in the PLC programming control system of the machine tool, the starting position, end position and motion radius of the induction heater 1 are determined according to the coordinate value;

Step 3. Heating and cooling of the workpiece: At the initial position, the two induction heaters 1 installed on the machine tool moving device are located at the initial zero point a at the same time, and the distance between the two induction heaters 1 is 2mm, and the induction heating The distance between the device 1 and the annular groove 19-1 is 2 mm. During quenching, the two induction heaters 1 are energized at the same time, and the heating current frequency is 2500 Hz. The speed moves to the end position b. During the movement, the midpoint of the moving arc of the two induction heaters 1 remains concentric with the center of the workpiece. When the end point is reached, the two induction heaters 1 stop moving and the two induction heaters 1 apart from 2mm; in the process that the induction heater 1 heats the surface of the annular groove 9-1, the two cooling devices 2 installed on the machine tool simultaneously heat the already heated The surface of the raceway is cooled, the medium of the cooling device 2 is water, and the time interval between heating and cooling of each point on the surface of the raceway is equal; two sets of induction heaters 1 heat the position of the end point b and withdraw from the annular groove-9 After the -1 surface, the induction heater 1 is powered off to stop heating, and the two cooling devices 2 cool the surface of the annular groove-9-1 at the end position b, then withdraw from the surface of the annular groove-9-1 to complete the slewing bearing The entire quenching process, that is, the inner ring gear 4 without soft belt is obtained.

Embodiment two,

As shown in Fig. 1-3, a four-point contact ball slewing ring bearing without soft belt includes the outer ring without soft belt 3, the inner gear ring without soft belt 4 and the outer ring without soft belt 3 and the belt without soft belt. The rolling elements 5 between the ring gears 4, the non-soft outer ring 3 and the non-soft inner ring gear 4 are all made of 40GrMo, and the inner diameter of the non-soft outer ring 3 is provided with a soft-band annular groove-9, There is a non-soft belt annular groove 2 10 at the outer diameter of the circumference of the inner gear ring 4 without a soft belt, and the combination of the non-soft belt annular groove 1 9 and the non-soft belt annular groove 2 10 forms a cavity with a circular cross section , a steel ball is placed in the cavity, and a sealing ring 6 is provided at the connection between the non-soft belt outer ring 3 and the non-soft belt inner ring gear 4 to play a dustproof role. Connect the oil hole 7 of the cavity.

The thickness direction of the non-flexible outer ring 3 and the thickness direction of the non-flexible inner ring gear 4 are provided with mounting holes 8 evenly distributed around the center of the bearing.

As shown in Figure 6-7, a quenching method for the outer ring 3-1 of a four-point contact ball slewing bearing without a soft zone includes the following steps:

Step 1. Positioning of the workpiece: horizontally install the outer ring 3-1 of the slewing bearing on the working platform of the machine tool and fix it;

Step 2. Determine the center position of the workpiece: an infrared ranging sensor is installed on the spindle of the machine tool, and the ranging sensor is used to measure the distance of different positions on the outer circumferential surface or inner circumferential surface of the workpiece, determine the coordinates of the center of the workpiece, and record the coordinate values And stored in the PLC programming control system of the machine tool, the starting position, end position and motion radius of the induction heater 1 are determined according to the coordinate value;

Step 3. Heating and cooling of the workpiece: At the initial position, the two induction heaters 1 installed on the machine tool moving device are located at the initial zero point a at the same time, and the distance between the two induction heaters 1 is 2mm, and the induction heating The distance between the device 1 and the ring groove 2 10-1 is 3 mm. During quenching, the two induction heaters 1 are energized at the same time, and the heating current frequency is 8000 Hz. The speed moves to the end position b. During the movement, the midpoint of the moving arc of the two induction heaters 1 remains concentric with the center of the workpiece. When the end point is reached, the two induction heaters 1 stop moving and the two induction heaters 1 is 2 mm apart; during the process of heating the surface of the annular groove 10-1 by the induction heater 1, the two cooling devices 2 installed on the machine tool simultaneously heat the already heated The medium of cooling device 2 is mineral oil, and the time interval between heating and cooling of each point on the surface of the raceway is equal; two sets of induction heaters 1 heat the position of the end point b and withdraw from the annular groove 2 After the surface of 10-1, the induction heater 1 is powered off to stop heating, and the two cooling devices 2 cool the surface of the annular groove 2 10-1 at the end point b, then withdraw from the surface of the annular groove 2 10-1 to complete the rotation During the entire quenching process of the support, the outer ring 3 without soft band is obtained.

Claims (10)

1. It is 1. a kind of without soft band four-point contact ball pivoting support bearing, it is characterised in that：Including without soft band outer ring, without soft band ring gear And be placed in without soft with outer ring and without the soft rolling element between ring gear, rolling element is steel ball, without in the soft circumference with outer ring It is provided at diameter without soft band annular groove one, is provided at the no soft circumference outer diameter with ring gear without soft band annular groove two, nothing It is circular cavity that soft band annular groove one, which combines with without soft band annular groove two and forms a section, and rolling is placed in cavity Body, without soft with outer ring and the sealing ring for being provided with without the soft junction with ring gear to play dustproof effect, without soft band outside The radial direction of circle offers the oilhole of a connection cavity, without the soft thickness direction with outer ring and without the soft thickness direction with ring gear It offers around the equally distributed mounting hole of bearing centre.
2. It is 2. according to claim 1 a kind of without soft band four-point contact ball pivoting support bearing, which is characterized in that outside without soft band Circle and be 40GrMo materials without soft band ring gear.
3. 3. it is as described in claim 1 it is a kind of without soft band four-point contact ball pivoting support bearing without soft band outer ring, without soft band internal tooth The process for quenching of circle, which is characterized in that include the following steps：

   Step 1: the positioning of workpiece：The outer ring of pivoting support, ring gear are horizontally arranged on the workbench of lathe respectively, And it is fixed；

   Step 2: determine the center location of workpiece：Distance measuring sensor is installed, using distance measuring sensor to workpiece on machine tool chief axis External peripheral surface or inner circumferential surface different location carry out range measurement, determine the central coordinate of circle of workpiece, coordinate value remembered Record and be stored in machine tool control system, according to the coordinate value determine the start position of sensing heater, final position and The moving radius of sensing heater；

   Step 3: the heating and cooling of workpiece：In initial position, two sensing heaters on machine tool movement device are same When be located at leading zero's position, sensing heater is close to raceway face, and during quenching, two sensing heaters are powered simultaneously, two Sensing heater is moved to terminal from dead-center position with identical speed in the opposite direction respectively, in moving process, two senses The midpoint of heater movement circular arc and the center of circle of workpiece is answered to keep concentric, when reaching home, two sensing heaters stop moving It is dynamic；During sensing heater heats raceway face, two cooling devices on lathe with two The same movement locus of sensing heater simultaneously cools down heated raceway face, and every bit adds in raceway face The time interval of hot and cold but is equal；After two groups of sensing heaters heat final position and withdraw raceway face, sense Heater is answered to power off, stops heating, after two cooling devices cool down raceway face in final position, withdraws raceway table Face, complete the entire quenching process of pivoting support to get to without soft band outer ring, without soft band ring gear.
4. 4. process for quenching according to claim 3, which is characterized in that the distance measuring sensor in step 2 is ultrasonic ranging Sensor, laser range sensor or infrared distance sensor.
5. 5. process for quenching according to claim 3, which is characterized in that control system is PLC programing systems.
6. 6. according to claim 3 a kind of without the soft process for quenching with four-point contact ball pivoting support bearing, feature exists In the raceway face in step 3 is two surface of one surface of annular groove or annular groove.
7. 7. process for quenching according to claim 3, which is characterized in that the sensing heater in step 3 is Medium frequency induction Device, heated current frequency are 2500-8000Hz, and the distance of sensing heater and workpiece raceway face is 2-3mm.
8. 8. process for quenching according to claim 3, which is characterized in that in step 3, the cooling medium of cooling device is water, Aqueous solution or mineral oil.
9. 9. process for quenching according to claim 3, which is characterized in that in step 3, two sensing heaters are located at starting The spacing of dead-center position is 2mm.
10. 10. process for quenching according to claim 3, which is characterized in that in step 3, two sensing heaters are located at terminal The spacing of position is 2mm.