CN108216183A - 用于起动轻度混合动力电动车辆的发动机的设备和方法 - Google Patents

用于起动轻度混合动力电动车辆的发动机的设备和方法 Download PDF

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Publication number
CN108216183A
CN108216183A CN201711310291.4A CN201711310291A CN108216183A CN 108216183 A CN108216183 A CN 108216183A CN 201711310291 A CN201711310291 A CN 201711310291A CN 108216183 A CN108216183 A CN 108216183A
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tooth
mhsg
engine
soc
predetermined
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CN108216183B (zh
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金英民
金容旭
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Hyundai Motor Co
Kia Corp
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Hyundai Motor Co
Kia Motors Corp
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    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B60—VEHICLES IN GENERAL
    • B60K—ARRANGEMENT OR MOUNTING OF PROPULSION UNITS OR OF TRANSMISSIONS IN VEHICLES; ARRANGEMENT OR MOUNTING OF PLURAL DIVERSE PRIME-MOVERS IN VEHICLES; AUXILIARY DRIVES FOR VEHICLES; INSTRUMENTATION OR DASHBOARDS FOR VEHICLES; ARRANGEMENTS IN CONNECTION WITH COOLING, AIR INTAKE, GAS EXHAUST OR FUEL SUPPLY OF PROPULSION UNITS IN VEHICLES
    • B60K6/00—Arrangement or mounting of plural diverse prime-movers for mutual or common propulsion, e.g. hybrid propulsion systems comprising electric motors and internal combustion engines ; Control systems therefor, i.e. systems controlling two or more prime movers, or controlling one of these prime movers and any of the transmission, drive or drive units Informative references: mechanical gearings with secondary electric drive F16H3/72; arrangements for handling mechanical energy structurally associated with the dynamo-electric machine H02K7/00; machines comprising structurally interrelated motor and generator parts H02K51/00; dynamo-electric machines not otherwise provided for in H02K see H02K99/00
    • B60K6/20—Arrangement or mounting of plural diverse prime-movers for mutual or common propulsion, e.g. hybrid propulsion systems comprising electric motors and internal combustion engines ; Control systems therefor, i.e. systems controlling two or more prime movers, or controlling one of these prime movers and any of the transmission, drive or drive units Informative references: mechanical gearings with secondary electric drive F16H3/72; arrangements for handling mechanical energy structurally associated with the dynamo-electric machine H02K7/00; machines comprising structurally interrelated motor and generator parts H02K51/00; dynamo-electric machines not otherwise provided for in H02K see H02K99/00 the prime-movers consisting of electric motors and internal combustion engines, e.g. HEVs
    • B60K6/22—Arrangement or mounting of plural diverse prime-movers for mutual or common propulsion, e.g. hybrid propulsion systems comprising electric motors and internal combustion engines ; Control systems therefor, i.e. systems controlling two or more prime movers, or controlling one of these prime movers and any of the transmission, drive or drive units Informative references: mechanical gearings with secondary electric drive F16H3/72; arrangements for handling mechanical energy structurally associated with the dynamo-electric machine H02K7/00; machines comprising structurally interrelated motor and generator parts H02K51/00; dynamo-electric machines not otherwise provided for in H02K see H02K99/00 the prime-movers consisting of electric motors and internal combustion engines, e.g. HEVs characterised by apparatus, components or means specially adapted for HEVs
    • B60K6/24—Arrangement or mounting of plural diverse prime-movers for mutual or common propulsion, e.g. hybrid propulsion systems comprising electric motors and internal combustion engines ; Control systems therefor, i.e. systems controlling two or more prime movers, or controlling one of these prime movers and any of the transmission, drive or drive units Informative references: mechanical gearings with secondary electric drive F16H3/72; arrangements for handling mechanical energy structurally associated with the dynamo-electric machine H02K7/00; machines comprising structurally interrelated motor and generator parts H02K51/00; dynamo-electric machines not otherwise provided for in H02K see H02K99/00 the prime-movers consisting of electric motors and internal combustion engines, e.g. HEVs characterised by apparatus, components or means specially adapted for HEVs characterised by the combustion engines
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    • B60W—CONJOINT CONTROL OF VEHICLE SUB-UNITS OF DIFFERENT TYPE OR DIFFERENT FUNCTION; CONTROL SYSTEMS SPECIALLY ADAPTED FOR HYBRID VEHICLES; ROAD VEHICLE DRIVE CONTROL SYSTEMS FOR PURPOSES NOT RELATED TO THE CONTROL OF A PARTICULAR SUB-UNIT
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    • F02—COMBUSTION ENGINES; HOT-GAS OR COMBUSTION-PRODUCT ENGINE PLANTS
    • F02N—STARTING OF COMBUSTION ENGINES; STARTING AIDS FOR SUCH ENGINES, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
    • F02N11/00—Starting of engines by means of electric motors
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    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
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    • B60K6/22—Arrangement or mounting of plural diverse prime-movers for mutual or common propulsion, e.g. hybrid propulsion systems comprising electric motors and internal combustion engines ; Control systems therefor, i.e. systems controlling two or more prime movers, or controlling one of these prime movers and any of the transmission, drive or drive units Informative references: mechanical gearings with secondary electric drive F16H3/72; arrangements for handling mechanical energy structurally associated with the dynamo-electric machine H02K7/00; machines comprising structurally interrelated motor and generator parts H02K51/00; dynamo-electric machines not otherwise provided for in H02K see H02K99/00 the prime-movers consisting of electric motors and internal combustion engines, e.g. HEVs characterised by apparatus, components or means specially adapted for HEVs
    • B60K6/26—Arrangement or mounting of plural diverse prime-movers for mutual or common propulsion, e.g. hybrid propulsion systems comprising electric motors and internal combustion engines ; Control systems therefor, i.e. systems controlling two or more prime movers, or controlling one of these prime movers and any of the transmission, drive or drive units Informative references: mechanical gearings with secondary electric drive F16H3/72; arrangements for handling mechanical energy structurally associated with the dynamo-electric machine H02K7/00; machines comprising structurally interrelated motor and generator parts H02K51/00; dynamo-electric machines not otherwise provided for in H02K see H02K99/00 the prime-movers consisting of electric motors and internal combustion engines, e.g. HEVs characterised by apparatus, components or means specially adapted for HEVs characterised by the motors or the generators
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B60—VEHICLES IN GENERAL
    • B60K—ARRANGEMENT OR MOUNTING OF PROPULSION UNITS OR OF TRANSMISSIONS IN VEHICLES; ARRANGEMENT OR MOUNTING OF PLURAL DIVERSE PRIME-MOVERS IN VEHICLES; AUXILIARY DRIVES FOR VEHICLES; INSTRUMENTATION OR DASHBOARDS FOR VEHICLES; ARRANGEMENTS IN CONNECTION WITH COOLING, AIR INTAKE, GAS EXHAUST OR FUEL SUPPLY OF PROPULSION UNITS IN VEHICLES
    • B60K6/00—Arrangement or mounting of plural diverse prime-movers for mutual or common propulsion, e.g. hybrid propulsion systems comprising electric motors and internal combustion engines ; Control systems therefor, i.e. systems controlling two or more prime movers, or controlling one of these prime movers and any of the transmission, drive or drive units Informative references: mechanical gearings with secondary electric drive F16H3/72; arrangements for handling mechanical energy structurally associated with the dynamo-electric machine H02K7/00; machines comprising structurally interrelated motor and generator parts H02K51/00; dynamo-electric machines not otherwise provided for in H02K see H02K99/00
    • B60K6/20—Arrangement or mounting of plural diverse prime-movers for mutual or common propulsion, e.g. hybrid propulsion systems comprising electric motors and internal combustion engines ; Control systems therefor, i.e. systems controlling two or more prime movers, or controlling one of these prime movers and any of the transmission, drive or drive units Informative references: mechanical gearings with secondary electric drive F16H3/72; arrangements for handling mechanical energy structurally associated with the dynamo-electric machine H02K7/00; machines comprising structurally interrelated motor and generator parts H02K51/00; dynamo-electric machines not otherwise provided for in H02K see H02K99/00 the prime-movers consisting of electric motors and internal combustion engines, e.g. HEVs
    • B60K6/22—Arrangement or mounting of plural diverse prime-movers for mutual or common propulsion, e.g. hybrid propulsion systems comprising electric motors and internal combustion engines ; Control systems therefor, i.e. systems controlling two or more prime movers, or controlling one of these prime movers and any of the transmission, drive or drive units Informative references: mechanical gearings with secondary electric drive F16H3/72; arrangements for handling mechanical energy structurally associated with the dynamo-electric machine H02K7/00; machines comprising structurally interrelated motor and generator parts H02K51/00; dynamo-electric machines not otherwise provided for in H02K see H02K99/00 the prime-movers consisting of electric motors and internal combustion engines, e.g. HEVs characterised by apparatus, components or means specially adapted for HEVs
    • B60K6/34—Arrangement or mounting of plural diverse prime-movers for mutual or common propulsion, e.g. hybrid propulsion systems comprising electric motors and internal combustion engines ; Control systems therefor, i.e. systems controlling two or more prime movers, or controlling one of these prime movers and any of the transmission, drive or drive units Informative references: mechanical gearings with secondary electric drive F16H3/72; arrangements for handling mechanical energy structurally associated with the dynamo-electric machine H02K7/00; machines comprising structurally interrelated motor and generator parts H02K51/00; dynamo-electric machines not otherwise provided for in H02K see H02K99/00 the prime-movers consisting of electric motors and internal combustion engines, e.g. HEVs characterised by apparatus, components or means specially adapted for HEVs characterised by the absence of energy storing means
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
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    • B60K6/00—Arrangement or mounting of plural diverse prime-movers for mutual or common propulsion, e.g. hybrid propulsion systems comprising electric motors and internal combustion engines ; Control systems therefor, i.e. systems controlling two or more prime movers, or controlling one of these prime movers and any of the transmission, drive or drive units Informative references: mechanical gearings with secondary electric drive F16H3/72; arrangements for handling mechanical energy structurally associated with the dynamo-electric machine H02K7/00; machines comprising structurally interrelated motor and generator parts H02K51/00; dynamo-electric machines not otherwise provided for in H02K see H02K99/00
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    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F02—COMBUSTION ENGINES; HOT-GAS OR COMBUSTION-PRODUCT ENGINE PLANTS
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    • F02N11/00—Starting of engines by means of electric motors
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    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
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Abstract

本发明涉及一种用于起动轻度混合动力电动车辆的发动机的设备，该设备可以包括：点火开关，包括多个接触点；外部温度检测器，被配置为检测轻度混合动力电动车辆的外部温度；充电状态(SOC)检测器，被配置为检测电池的SOC；轻度混合起动发电机(MHSG)，包括定子和设置在定子的内部的转子，并且根据发动机的输出起动发动机或产生电力；起动器，用于起动发动机；MHSG轮，与转子一体旋转，并且在MHSG轮的圆周上具有至少三个齿；MHSG位置检测器，被配置为检测齿的位置；以及控制器，被配置为基于MHSG位置检测器的信号来确定预定气缸的上止点(TDC)。

Description

用于起动轻度混合动力电动车辆的发动机的设备和方法
相关申请的交叉引用
本申请基于并且要求于2016年12月13日向韩国知识产权局提交的申请号为10-2016-0169481的韩国专利申请的优先权，其公开内容为所有目的整体地通过引用并入本文。
技术领域
本发明涉及一种用于起动轻度混合动力电动车辆的发动机的设备和方法。
背景技术
如本领域通常所知，混合动力电动车辆一起使用发动机和电池电源。混合动力电动车辆有效地组合了内燃发动机的扭矩和电动机的扭矩。
根据发动机和电动机之间的功率分配比例，混合动力电动车辆可以分为重度类型和轻度类型。在轻度类型的混合动力电动车辆(以下称为轻度混合动力电动车辆)的情况下，使用根据发动机的输出被配置为起动发动机或产生电力的轻度混合动力起动发电机(MHSG)而非使用交流发电机。在重度类型的混合动力电动车辆的情况下，除了被配置为起动发动机或产生电力的集成起动发电机(ISG)之外，还使用被配置为产生驱动扭矩的驱动电动机。
MHSG可以根据车辆的行驶状态辅助发动机的扭矩，并且可以通过再生制动对电池(例如，48V电池)进行充电。因此，可以改善轻度混合动力电动车辆的燃料效率。
轻度混合动力电动车辆包括用于起动发动机的起动器和用作电动机的MHSG。当起动器在非常寒冷的天气下起动发动机时，存在起动发动机所需的时间增加的问题。
本发明背景技术部分中公开的信息仅用于增强对本发明的一般背景的理解，并且对于本领域技术人员而言不能被认为是对该信息形成已知的现有技术的认可或任何形式的建议。
发明内容
本发明的各个方面旨在提供一种用于起动轻度混合动力电动车辆的发动机的设备和方法，其具有在外部温度低时改善发动机的起动性的优点。
根据本发明的示例性实施例的用于起动轻度混合动力电动车辆的发动机的设备可以包括：点火开关，包括多个接触点；外部温度检测器，被配置为检测轻度混合动力电动车辆的外部温度；充电状态(SOC)检测器，被配置为检测电池的SOC；轻度混合起动发电机(MHSG)，包括定子和设置在定子的内部的转子，并且根据发动机的输出起动发动机或产生电力；起动器，用于起动发动机；MHSG轮，与转子一体旋转，并且在MHSG轮的圆周上具有至少三个齿；MHSG位置检测器，被配置为检测齿的位置；以及控制器，被配置为基于MHSG位置检测器的信号来确定预定气缸的上止点，即TDC，其中，控制器被配置为：当外部温度小于预定温度并且电池的SOC大于预定SOC时，操作MHSG和起动器以起动发动机。
当外部温度小于预定温度并且电池的SOC大于预定SOC时，控制器可以操作MHSG，使得发动机的凸轮轴的位置变为预定位置。
当外部温度等于或大于预定温度时，控制器可以操作起动器以起动发动机。
当外部温度小于预定温度并且电池的SOC等于或小于预定SOC时，控制器可以操作起动器以起动发动机。
至少三个齿的尺寸和间隔可以彼此不同。
至少三个齿包括第一齿、第二齿和第三齿，第一齿的正齿面与负齿面之间的距离、第二齿的正齿面与负齿面之间的距离以及第三齿的正齿面与负齿面之间的距离可以彼此不同，并且第一齿的负齿面与第二齿的正齿面之间的距离、第二齿的负齿面与第三齿的正齿面之间的距离以及第三齿的负齿面与第一齿的正齿面之间的距离可以彼此不同。
孔可以形成在MHSG轮的中心处，并且转子的旋转轴可以穿过孔。
一种使用设备来起动发动机的方法，该设备包括：点火开关，包括多个接触点；外部温度检测器，被配置为检测轻度混合动力电动车辆的外部温度；充电状态(SOC)检测器，被配置为检测电池的SOC；轻度混合起动发电机(MHSG)，包括定子和设置在定子的内部的转子，并且根据发动机的输出起动发动机或产生电力；起动器，用于起动发动机；MHSG轮，与转子一体旋转，并且在MHSG轮的圆周上具有至少三个齿；MHSG位置检测器，被配置为检测齿的位置；以及控制器，被配置为基于MHSG位置检测器的信号来确定预定气缸的上止点，即TDC，根据本发明的示例性实施例的该方法包括：将外部温度与预定温度进行比较；当外部温度小于预定温度时，将电池的SOC与预定SOC进行比较；并且当电池的SOC大于预定SOC时，操作MHSG和起动器以起动发动机。
该方法还可以包括：当外部温度小于预定温度并且电池的SOC大于预定SOC时，操作MHSG使得发动机的凸轮轴的位置处于预定位置。
该方法还可以包括：当外部温度等于或大于预定温度时，操作起动器以起动发动机。
该方法还可以包括：当外部温度等于或小于预定温度并且电池的SOC等于或小于预定SOC时，操作起动器以起动发动机。
根据本发明的示例性实施例，当外部温度非常低时，MHSG和起动器同时运行，从而改善了发动机的起动性。
本发明的方法和设备具有其它特征和优点，这些特征和优点将在并入本文的附图和下文的具体实施方式中显而易见或被更详细地阐述，附图和具体实施方式共同用于解释本发明的某些原理。
附图说明
图1是根据本发明的示例性实施例的轻度混合动力电动车辆的框图。
图2是根据本发明的示例性实施例的MHSG的分解透视图。
图3是根据本发明的示例性实施例的MHSG轮的截面图。
图4是示出根据本发明的示例性实施例的用于起动轻度混合动力电动车辆的发动机的设备的图。
图5是示出根据本发明的示例性实施例的用于起动轻度混合动力电动车辆的发动机的方法的流程图。
可以理解的是，附图不一定按比例绘制，而是示出了说明本发明的基本原理的各种特征的稍微简化的示意图。在此公开的本发明的包括例如特定尺寸、取向、位置和形状的特定设计特征将部分地由具体的预期应用和使用环境来确定。
在附图中，贯穿附图的多个附图，附图标记指代本发明的相同或等价的部分。
具体实施方式
现在将详细参考本发明的各种实施例，其示例在附图中示出并在下文进行描述。虽然本发明将结合示例性实施例进行描述，但是应该理解的是，本说明书并不旨在将本发明限制于那些示例性实施例。相反，本发明旨在不仅涵盖示例性实施例，而且覆盖可包括在由权利要求限定的本发明的精神和范围内的各种替代、修改、等价物和其它实施例。
在下文的详细描述中，将参照附图更充分地描述本申请的示例性实施例，在附图中示出了本发明的示例性实施例。然而，本发明不限于在此描述的示例性实施例，而是可以以各种不同的方式进行修改。
为了清楚地描述本发明的示例性实施例，省略了与描述无关的部分，并且在整个说明书中，相同的附图标记指代相同或相似的元件。
由于附图中的每个组件是为了便于描述而任意示出的，因此本发明不特别限于附图中示出的组件。
图1是根据本发明的示例性实施例的轻度混合动力电动车辆的框图。
如图1所示，根据本发明的示例性实施例的轻度混合动力电动车辆包括发动机10、变速器20、轻度混合动力起动发电机(MHSG)30、起动器40、电池50、差动齿轮设备60以及车轮65。
发动机10燃烧燃料和空气以将化学能转化成机械能。点火正时、空气量、燃料量和空燃比可以被控制以产生发动机10的燃烧扭矩。
参照轻度混合动力电动车辆的扭矩传递，从发动机10产生的扭矩被传递到变速器20的输入轴，并且从变速器20的输出轴输出的扭矩经由差动齿轮设备60被传递到车轴。车轴旋转车轮60，使得轻度混合动力电动车辆通过从发动机10产生的扭矩行驶。
变速器20可以是自动变速器或手动变速器。自动变速器基于轻度混合动力电动车辆的速度和加速器踏板的位置通过操作多个电磁阀来控制液压，使得目标挡位的变速齿轮被操作并且换挡被自动执行。在手动变速器的情况下，随着驾驶员踩下离合器踏板并将换挡杆移动到期望的挡位来执行换挡。
MHSG 30将电能转换成机械能或将机械能转换成电能。换言之，MHSG 30起动发动机10或者根据发动机10的输出来产生电力。另外，MHSG 30可以辅助发动机10的扭矩。发动机10的扭矩可以被用作主扭矩并且MHSG 30的扭矩可以被用作辅助扭矩。MHSG 30可以通过皮带32连接到发动机10的曲轴12和凸轮轴14。
起动器40起动发动机10。起动器40可以直接连接到曲轴12。
电池50可以向MHSG 30供电，并且可以通过由MHSG 30回收的电力来充电。电池50是高电压电池(例如，48V电池)，并且可以是锂离子电池。轻度混合动力电动车辆可进一步包括将从电池50供应的电压转换成低电压的低电压电池DC-DC转换器(LDC)，以及将低电压供应到电气负载(例如，头灯和空调)的低电压电池(例如，12V电池)。
图2是根据本发明的示例性实施例的MHSG的分解透视图，图3是根据本发明的示例性实施例的MHSG轮的截面图。
参考图2和图3，根据本发明的示例性实施例的MHSG 30可以包括转子31、定子32、第一壳体33a、第二壳体33b、第三壳体33c、电力模块34、控制模块35、MHSG轮300和MHSG位置检测器96。
旋转轴31a联接到转子31的中心，并且转子31设置在定子32的内部，使得转子31的外圆周与定子32的内圆周隔开预定间隔。转子31可旋转地设置在定子32的内部。
定子32包括具有电气钢板的定子芯体32a和卷绕在定子芯体32a上的线圈32b。线圈32b电连接到电力模块34以接收来自电力模块34的电流。当电流从电力模块34施加到线圈32b时，转子31由磁通旋转，并且MHSG 30产生扭矩。
第一壳体33a和第二壳体33b形成为包围转子31和定子32。定子32可以固定地安装在第二壳体33b的内部。
第二壳体33b和第三壳体33c形成为包围电力模块34和控制模块35。电力模块34和控制模块35可以固定地安装在第三壳体33c的内部。
电力模块34根据控制模块35的控制信号将电流施加到定子32的线圈32b。
控制模块35根据控制器80(参照图4)的控制信号来控制电力模块34的运行，并且控制施加到定子32的线圈32b的电流。另外，控制模块35接收MHSG位置检测器96的信号并将与其对应的信号发送到控制器80。
MHSG轮300与转子31一体旋转。孔340形成在MHSG轮300的中心处，并且转子31的旋转轴31a可以被固定以穿过孔340。至少三个齿310、320和330形成在MHSG轮300的圆周上。多个齿310、320和330的尺寸和间隔可以彼此不同。
至少三个齿310、320和330中的每一个都包括正齿面和负齿面。在此，正齿面是齿沿着MHSG轮300的旋转方向开始的部分，并且负齿面是齿沿着MHSG轮300的旋转方向结束的部分。
第一齿310的正齿面312和负齿面314之间的距离b′、第二齿320的正齿面322和负齿面324之间的距离d′以及第三齿330的正齿面322和负齿面324之间的距离f′可以彼此不同。此外，第一齿310的负齿面314与第二齿320的正齿面322之间的距离c′、第二齿320的负齿面324与第三齿320的正齿面332之间的距离e′以及第三齿330的负齿面334与第一齿310的正齿面312之间的距离a′可以彼此不同。
MHSG位置检测器96检测至少三个齿310、320和330的位置(即，MHSG轮300的位置)，并且向控制模块35发送与其对应的信号。MHSG位置检测器96可以被固定地设置在电力模块34处。
图4是示出根据本发明的示例性实施例的用于起动轻度混合动力电动车辆的发动机的设备的图。
如图4所示，根据本发明的示例性实施例的用于起动发动机的设备可以包括点火开关72、外部温度检测器74、SOC检测器76、MHSG轮300、MHSG位置检测器96、控制器80、MHSG30和起动器40。
点火开关72可以包括多个接触点。多个接触点可以包括OFF接触点、ACC接触点、ON接触点和START接触点。当选择OFF接点时，发动机关闭。当选择ACC接触点时，可以使用包括无线电的附件装置。当选择ON接触点时，可以使用利用电池50的电压的电子装置。当选择START接触点时，发动机10起动。点火开关72的接触点可以通过起动键或起动按钮来选择。
外部温度检测器74检测轻度混合动力电动车辆的外部温度，并且将与其对应的信号发送到控制器80。
SOC检测器76检测电池50的充电状态(SOC)，并将与其对应的信号发送到控制器80。
曲轴轮100安装在发动机10的曲轴12上，从而与曲轴12一体旋转，并且多个齿110形成在曲轴轮100的圆周上。多个齿110的尺寸和间隔齿相同，并且引导槽115形成在曲轴轮100的一部分上以检测曲轴12的参考位置。
曲轴位置检测器92检测多个齿110的位置(即，曲轴12的位置)，并将与其对应的信号发送到控制器80。控制器80可以基于曲轴位置检测器92的信号确定发动机10的转速。
凸轮轴轮200安装在发动机10的凸轮轴14上，从而与凸轮轴14一体旋转，并且具有不均匀间隔的多个齿210、220和230形成在凸轮轴轮200的圆周上。多个齿210、220和230的尺寸和间隔可以彼此不同。
凸轮轴位置检测器94检测齿210、220和230的位置(即，凸轮轴14的位置)，并将与其对应的信号发送到控制器80。控制器80可以基于凸轮轴位置检测器94的信号来检测预定气缸16的上止点(TDC)。在四缸发动机的情况下，预定气缸16可以是第一气缸，并且当曲轴12旋转两次时，凸轮轴14可以旋转一次。
MHSG轮300安装到MHSG 30，使得MHSG轮300与MHSG 30一体旋转，并且至少三个齿310、320和330形成在MHSG 30的圆周上。至少三个齿310、320和330的尺寸和间隔可以彼此不同。此外，MHSG轮300的齿310、320和330的间隔以预定的角度差(x3-x2)与凸轮轴轮的齿210,220和230的间隔相同。
MHSG位置检测器96检测至少三个齿310、320和330的位置(即，MHSG轮300的位置)，并且将与其对应的信号发送到控制模块35。控制模块35将该信号发送到控制器80。控制器80可以基于MHSG位置检测器96的信号检测预定气缸16的上止点(TDC)。
控制器80可以基于曲轴位置检测器92、凸轮轴位置检测器94和MHSG位置检测器96的信号来控制MHSG 30的运行。另外，控制器80可以基于点火开关72、外部温度检测器74和SOC检测器76的信号的控制MHSG 30和起动器40的运行。控制器80可以通过由预定程序执行的一个或多个处理器来实现，并且预定程序可以包括以下将描述的根据本发明的示例性实施例的用于执行包括在用于起动轻度混合动力电动车辆的发动机的方法中的每个步骤的一系列命令。
在下文中，将参照图2至图5详细描述根据本发明的示例性实施例的用于起动轻度混合动力电动车辆的发动机的方法。
图5是示出根据本发明的示例性实施例的用于起动轻度混合动力电动车辆的发动机的方法的流程图。
参考图2至图5，控制器80在步骤S100中确定点火开关72的START接触点是否被选择。
当在步骤S100中点火开关72的START接触点未被选择时，控制器80结束根据本发明的示例性实施例的用于起动轻度混合动力电动车辆的发动机的方法。
当在步骤S100中点火开关72的START接触点被选择时，控制器80在步骤S110中将外部温度与预定温度进行比较。预定温度可以由本领域的普通技术人员确定以确定是否满足发动机10的冷起动条件。例如，预定温度可以是-20℃。
当在步骤S110中外部温度等于或大于预定温度时，控制器80在步骤S120中操作起动器30以起动发动机10。
当在步骤S110中外部温度小于预定温度时，控制器80在步骤S130中将电池50的SOC与预定SOC进行比较。预定SOC可以由本领域的普通技术人员确定以确定电池50是否可以完全放电。
当在步骤S130中电池50的SOC等于或小于预定SOC时，控制器80在步骤S120中操作起动器40以起动发动机10。换言之，当在步骤S120中同时操作MHSG 30和起动器40以起动发动机10时，存在电池50完全放电并因此仅操作起动器40以起动发动机10的可能性。
当在步骤S130中电池50的SOC大于预定SOC时，控制器80操作MHSG 30，使得发动机10的凸轮轴13的位置在步骤S140中变为预定位置。预定位置可以由本领域的普通技术人员考虑到起动效率和燃烧安全性来确定。因为当起动发动机10时凸轮轴14的位置存在于预定位置处，所以可以从特定气缸开始燃料喷射，从而起动发动机10而没有延迟时间。
当凸轮轴14的位置变为预定位置时，控制器80在步骤S150中操作MHSG 30和起动器40以起动发动机10。因此，即使当外部温度非常低时，也可以改善发动机10的起动性。
如上所述，根据本发明的示例性实施例，发动机10的起动性可以在非常寒冷的天气中得到改善。
为了便于解释和精确限定权利要求书，术语“上部”、“下部”、“内部”、“外部”、“上”、“下”、“向上”、“向下”、“前部”、“后部”、“后”、“内侧”、“外侧”、“向内”、“向外”、“内部”、“外部”、“内部”、“外面”、“前进”和“后退”用于参考如附图中显示的这些特征的位置来描述示例性实施例的特征。
已经出于说明和描述的目的给出了本发明的特定示例性实施例的前述描述。它们不旨在是穷尽性的或者将本发明限制到所公开的确切形式，而显然根据上述教导可以进行许多修改和变化。选择和描述示例性实施例是为了解释本发明的某些原理及其实际应用，以使本领域的其它技术人员能够制造和利用本发明的各种示例性实施例以及其各种替代和修改。本发明的范围意在由权利要求及其等价物限定。

Claims (11)

1.一种用于起动轻度混合动力电动车辆的发动机的设备，所述设备包括：
点火开关，包括多个接触点；
外部温度检测器，被配置为检测所述轻度混合动力电动车辆的外部温度；
充电状态检测器，即SOC检测器，被配置为检测电池的充电状态即SOC；
轻度混合起动发电机，即MHSG，包括定子和设置在所述定子的内部的转子，并且根据所述发动机的输出起动所述发动机或产生电力；
起动器，用于起动所述发动机；
MHSG轮，与所述转子一体旋转，并且在所述MHSG轮的圆周上具有至少三个齿；
MHSG位置检测器，被配置为检测所述齿的位置；以及
控制器，被配置为基于所述MHSG位置检测器的信号来确定预定气缸的上止点，即TDC，
其中，所述控制器被配置为：当外部温度小于预定温度并且所述电池的SOC大于预定SOC时，操作所述MHSG和所述起动器以起动所述发动机。
2.根据权利要求1所述的设备，其中，当所述外部温度小于所述预定温度并且所述电池的SOC大于所述预定SOC时，所述控制器被配置为操作MHSG，使得发动机的凸轮轴的位置处于预定位置。
3.根据权利要求1所述的设备，其中，当所述外部温度等于或大于所述预定温度时，所述控制器被配置为操作所述起动器以起动所述发动机。
4.根据权利要求1所述的设备，其中，当所述外部温度小于所述预定温度并且所述电池的SOC等于或小于所述预定SOC时，所述控制器被配置为操作所述起动器以起动所述发动机。
5.根据权利要求1所述的设备，其中，所述至少三个齿的尺寸和间隔彼此不同。
6.根据权利要求1所述的设备，其中，所述至少三个齿包括第一齿、第二齿和第三齿，
所述第一齿的正齿面与负齿面之间的距离、所述第二齿的正齿面与负齿面之间的距离以及所述第三齿的正齿面与负齿面之间的距离彼此不同，并且
所述第一齿的负齿面与所述第二齿的正齿面之间的距离、所述第二齿的负齿面与所述第三齿的正齿面之间的距离以及所述第三齿的负齿面与所述第一齿的正齿面之间的距离彼此不同。
7.根据权利要求1所述的设备，其中，孔形成在所述MHSG轮的中心处，并且所述转子的旋转轴穿过所述孔。
8.一种使用设备来起动发动机的方法，所述设备包括：点火开关，包括多个接触点；外部温度检测器，被配置为检测轻度混合动力电动车辆的外部温度；充电状态检测器，即SOC检测器，被配置为检测电池的充电状态，即SOC；轻度混合起动发电机，即MHSG，包括定子和设置在所述定子的内部的转子，并且根据所述发动机的输出起动所述发动机或产生电力；起动器，用于起动所述发动机；MHSG轮，与所述转子一体旋转，并且在所述MHSG轮的圆周上具有至少三个齿；MHSG位置检测器，被配置为检测所述齿的位置；以及控制器，被配置为基于所述MHSG位置检测器的信号来确定预定气缸的上止点，即TDC，所述方法包括：
将所述外部温度与预定温度进行比较；
当所述外部温度小于所述预定温度时，将所述电池的SOC与预定SOC进行比较；以及
当所述电池的SOC大于所述预定SOC时，操作所述MHSG和所述起动器以起动所述发动机。
9.根据权利要求8所述的方法，进一步包括：当所述外部温度小于所述预定温度并且所述电池的SOC大于所述预定SOC时，操作所述MHSG使得所述发动机的凸轮轴的位置处于预定位置。
10.根据权利要求8所述的方法，进一步包括：当所述外部温度等于或大于所述预定温度时，操作所述起动器以起动所述发动机。
11.根据权利要求8所述的方法，进一步包括：当所述外部温度等于或小于所述预定温度并且所述电池的SOC等于或小于所述预定SOC时，操作所述起动器以起动所述发动机。
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