CN108211749A - A kind of wet desulphurization spray column and sulfur method - Google Patents
A kind of wet desulphurization spray column and sulfur method Download PDFInfo
- Publication number
- CN108211749A CN108211749A CN201810264666.6A CN201810264666A CN108211749A CN 108211749 A CN108211749 A CN 108211749A CN 201810264666 A CN201810264666 A CN 201810264666A CN 108211749 A CN108211749 A CN 108211749A
- Authority
- CN
- China
- Prior art keywords
- liquid
- lye
- demister
- wet desulphurization
- type mixer
- Prior art date
- Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
- Granted
Links
- 239000007921 spray Substances 0.000 title claims abstract description 42
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 title claims abstract description 29
- NINIDFKCEFEMDL-UHFFFAOYSA-N Sulfur Chemical compound [S] NINIDFKCEFEMDL-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 title claims abstract description 9
- 239000011593 sulfur Substances 0.000 title claims abstract description 7
- 229910052717 sulfur Inorganic materials 0.000 title claims abstract description 7
- 239000007788 liquid Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 111
- XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N water Substances O XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims abstract description 61
- 239000003546 flue gas Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 40
- UGFAIRIUMAVXCW-UHFFFAOYSA-N Carbon monoxide Chemical compound [O+]#[C-] UGFAIRIUMAVXCW-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims abstract description 38
- 238000006477 desulfuration reaction Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 33
- 238000005507 spraying Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 33
- 238000012856 packing Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 31
- 230000023556 desulfurization Effects 0.000 claims abstract description 22
- 230000003020 moisturizing effect Effects 0.000 claims abstract description 17
- 239000007789 gas Substances 0.000 claims description 19
- 239000000945 filler Substances 0.000 claims description 14
- 239000002585 base Substances 0.000 claims description 8
- 239000003513 alkali Substances 0.000 claims description 6
- 239000004744 fabric Substances 0.000 claims description 4
- 238000005086 pumping Methods 0.000 claims description 4
- 238000006243 chemical reaction Methods 0.000 abstract description 9
- HEMHJVSKTPXQMS-UHFFFAOYSA-M Sodium hydroxide Chemical compound [OH-].[Na+] HEMHJVSKTPXQMS-UHFFFAOYSA-M 0.000 description 159
- RAHZWNYVWXNFOC-UHFFFAOYSA-N Sulphur dioxide Chemical compound O=S=O RAHZWNYVWXNFOC-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 54
- 238000010521 absorption reaction Methods 0.000 description 19
- 238000012546 transfer Methods 0.000 description 10
- 238000013461 design Methods 0.000 description 9
- 230000008569 process Effects 0.000 description 9
- 230000003009 desulfurizing effect Effects 0.000 description 8
- 230000002378 acidificating effect Effects 0.000 description 6
- 239000012071 phase Substances 0.000 description 6
- QGZKDVFQNNGYKY-UHFFFAOYSA-N Ammonia Chemical compound N QGZKDVFQNNGYKY-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 4
- LSNNMFCWUKXFEE-UHFFFAOYSA-M Bisulfite Chemical compound OS([O-])=O LSNNMFCWUKXFEE-UHFFFAOYSA-M 0.000 description 4
- 238000004364 calculation method Methods 0.000 description 4
- 230000008859 change Effects 0.000 description 4
- 238000010586 diagram Methods 0.000 description 4
- 238000009826 distribution Methods 0.000 description 4
- 238000002386 leaching Methods 0.000 description 4
- 239000002250 absorbent Substances 0.000 description 3
- 239000002253 acid Substances 0.000 description 3
- 230000007797 corrosion Effects 0.000 description 3
- 238000005260 corrosion Methods 0.000 description 3
- 230000000694 effects Effects 0.000 description 3
- 239000007791 liquid phase Substances 0.000 description 3
- 239000000463 material Substances 0.000 description 3
- 230000000149 penetrating effect Effects 0.000 description 3
- 150000003839 salts Chemical class 0.000 description 3
- 239000000779 smoke Substances 0.000 description 3
- QAOWNCQODCNURD-UHFFFAOYSA-N Sulfuric acid Chemical compound OS(O)(=O)=O QAOWNCQODCNURD-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 239000005864 Sulphur Substances 0.000 description 2
- 230000002745 absorbent Effects 0.000 description 2
- 229910021529 ammonia Inorganic materials 0.000 description 2
- 238000000205 computational method Methods 0.000 description 2
- 238000009434 installation Methods 0.000 description 2
- 238000004519 manufacturing process Methods 0.000 description 2
- 238000013507 mapping Methods 0.000 description 2
- 239000003595 mist Substances 0.000 description 2
- GEHJYWRUCIMESM-UHFFFAOYSA-L sodium sulfite Chemical compound [Na+].[Na+].[O-]S([O-])=O GEHJYWRUCIMESM-UHFFFAOYSA-L 0.000 description 2
- ZAMOUSCENKQFHK-UHFFFAOYSA-N Chlorine atom Chemical compound [Cl] ZAMOUSCENKQFHK-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 235000008733 Citrus aurantifolia Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 241000628997 Flos Species 0.000 description 1
- UFHFLCQGNIYNRP-UHFFFAOYSA-N Hydrogen Chemical compound [H][H] UFHFLCQGNIYNRP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- QAOWNCQODCNURD-UHFFFAOYSA-L Sulfate Chemical compound [O-]S([O-])(=O)=O QAOWNCQODCNURD-UHFFFAOYSA-L 0.000 description 1
- 235000011941 Tilia x europaea Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 239000006096 absorbing agent Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000002411 adverse Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000009286 beneficial effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000003795 chemical substances by application Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000000460 chlorine Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229910052801 chlorine Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 230000007423 decrease Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000009792 diffusion process Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000006185 dispersion Substances 0.000 description 1
- TXKMVPPZCYKFAC-UHFFFAOYSA-N disulfur monoxide Inorganic materials O=S=S TXKMVPPZCYKFAC-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 238000005516 engineering process Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000007613 environmental effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000011156 evaluation Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000012530 fluid Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229910052602 gypsum Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 239000010440 gypsum Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000001257 hydrogen Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229910052739 hydrogen Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 230000006872 improvement Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000010354 integration Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000004571 lime Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000004048 modification Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000012986 modification Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000012544 monitoring process Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000003647 oxidation Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000007254 oxidation reaction Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000012545 processing Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000035484 reaction time Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000009467 reduction Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000008439 repair process Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000000284 resting effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000003860 storage Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000000126 substance Substances 0.000 description 1
- XTQHKBHJIVJGKJ-UHFFFAOYSA-N sulfur monoxide Chemical compound S=O XTQHKBHJIVJGKJ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 239000002699 waste material Substances 0.000 description 1
Classifications
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B01—PHYSICAL OR CHEMICAL PROCESSES OR APPARATUS IN GENERAL
- B01D—SEPARATION
- B01D53/00—Separation of gases or vapours; Recovering vapours of volatile solvents from gases; Chemical or biological purification of waste gases, e.g. engine exhaust gases, smoke, fumes, flue gases, aerosols
- B01D53/34—Chemical or biological purification of waste gases
- B01D53/74—General processes for purification of waste gases; Apparatus or devices specially adapted therefor
- B01D53/77—Liquid phase processes
- B01D53/78—Liquid phase processes with gas-liquid contact
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B01—PHYSICAL OR CHEMICAL PROCESSES OR APPARATUS IN GENERAL
- B01D—SEPARATION
- B01D53/00—Separation of gases or vapours; Recovering vapours of volatile solvents from gases; Chemical or biological purification of waste gases, e.g. engine exhaust gases, smoke, fumes, flue gases, aerosols
- B01D53/34—Chemical or biological purification of waste gases
- B01D53/46—Removing components of defined structure
- B01D53/48—Sulfur compounds
- B01D53/50—Sulfur oxides
- B01D53/501—Sulfur oxides by treating the gases with a solution or a suspension of an alkali or earth-alkali or ammonium compound
- B01D53/502—Sulfur oxides by treating the gases with a solution or a suspension of an alkali or earth-alkali or ammonium compound characterised by a specific solution or suspension
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B01—PHYSICAL OR CHEMICAL PROCESSES OR APPARATUS IN GENERAL
- B01D—SEPARATION
- B01D53/00—Separation of gases or vapours; Recovering vapours of volatile solvents from gases; Chemical or biological purification of waste gases, e.g. engine exhaust gases, smoke, fumes, flue gases, aerosols
- B01D53/34—Chemical or biological purification of waste gases
- B01D53/96—Regeneration, reactivation or recycling of reactants
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B08—CLEANING
- B08B—CLEANING IN GENERAL; PREVENTION OF FOULING IN GENERAL
- B08B3/00—Cleaning by methods involving the use or presence of liquid or steam
- B08B3/02—Cleaning by the force of jets or sprays
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B01—PHYSICAL OR CHEMICAL PROCESSES OR APPARATUS IN GENERAL
- B01D—SEPARATION
- B01D2251/00—Reactants
- B01D2251/30—Alkali metal compounds
- B01D2251/304—Alkali metal compounds of sodium
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B01—PHYSICAL OR CHEMICAL PROCESSES OR APPARATUS IN GENERAL
- B01D—SEPARATION
- B01D2251/00—Reactants
- B01D2251/60—Inorganic bases or salts
- B01D2251/604—Hydroxides
Abstract
The invention discloses a kind of wet desulphurization spray column and sulfur methods, include the following steps：1) flue gas, which is passed through in wet desulphurization spray column, carries out desulfurization, and the moisturizing spraying layer of wet desulphurization top of tower sprays clear water to demister, and demister is cleaned；2) drop of demister removing and water after being cleaned to demister mixs, reaction in except slot type mixer for liquid of the guide functions of fog collector downstream to tank type liquid distributor with the lye of the higher concentration from lye jet pipe；3) in groove body overflow to lye tank (vat) of the lye after the preliminarily diluted in slot type mixer for liquid by both sides at the top of slot type mixer for liquid, and pass through liquid distributor and lye is evenly distributed on the cross section of tower body, the packing layer in lower section is fallen, lye film is formed in packing layer, desulfurization is carried out to flue gas.
Description
Technical field
Present invention relates particularly to a kind of wet desulphurization spray column and sulfur methods.
Background technology
Wet desulphurization is that spray column is common gas-liquid reaction apparatus, and sodium hydroxide lye is pumped to tower top by recirculated water
Spraying layer with mixed except fog after, formed dispersion droplet fall, while flue gas adverse current and on, gas-liquid comes into full contact with, right
Flue gas is washed, and the sulfur dioxide in flue gas is washed removal.
Existing wet desulphurization is usually that lye spraying layer is set in desulfurizing tower, lye and the flue gas reverse flow of spray
Dynamic, lye is reacted with the sulfur dioxide in flue gas, removes sulfur dioxide.Since a large amount of liquid can be carried during flow of flue gas
Drop, if the directly outer row of flue gas after wet desulphurization, can affect to ambient enviroment.So it can be taken off in wet method
The outlet port setting demister of sulphur tower, due to not only containing moisture in the mist that is carried in flue gas, also dissolved with sulfuric acid, sulfate,
Sulfur dioxide etc. has higher corrosivity, the service life of demister is caused to seriously affect.
In addition, if setting individual layer lye spraying layer in wet desulfuration tower, smoke desulfurization efficiency is relatively low, desulfurizing tower outlet
The content for locating sulfur dioxide in flue gas is not up to standard, and certain harm can be still caused to environment.
Invention content
Technical problem present in for the above-mentioned prior art, the object of the present invention is to provide a kind of wet desulphurization spray columns
And sulfur method.
In order to solve problem above, the technical scheme is that：
A kind of wet desulphurization spray column, including tower body, demister, moisturizing spraying layer, except fog collector, tank type liquid point
Cloth device and concentrated base slot, wherein,
The lower end setting gas inlet of tower body, upper end setting exhanst gas outlet；
Moisturizing spraying layer is set to the top of tower body, is connect with clear water source；
Demister is set to the lower section of moisturizing spraying layer；
Except fog collector includes emptying heart round estrade, the closing round platform in middle level and the diversion cofferdam of lower floor on upper strata,
Open circles stage body is set to the lower end of demister, and the maximum gauge for emptying heart round estrade is equal with the internal diameter of tower body；Closed circular
The upper end of platform, which extends to, to be emptied in heart round estrade, and diversion cofferdam is funnel structure, and the lower end for closing round platform extends to funnel structure
It is internal；
The tank type liquid distributor includes slot type mixer for liquid, lye jet pipe, lye tank (vat) and liquid distributor, slot type mixer for liquid
Bottom and side wall is closed, and top is provided with several groove bodies being set up in parallel from one end to the other end, and groove body bottom is got through, institute
The bottom for stating diversion cofferdam is connected with slot type mixer for liquid crown center position；
The lye jet pipe is set to inside slot type mixer for liquid, and is connected by pumping with the concentrated base slot；Lye tank (vat) is set
In the lower section of slot type mixer for liquid, for receiving the liquid of slot type mixer for liquid overflow；Liquid distributor is connected with the bottom of lye tank (vat), by alkali
Liquid is evenly distributed on the cross section of tower body.
Demister can carry out demisting to the flue gas after desulfurization, sprayed water, can will be removed to demister by moisturizing spraying layer
Day with fog is cleaned, and is reduced demister surface acid and the concentration of salt, is mitigated the corrosion to demister, effectively increase demister
Service life.
The fog and flow downward, and in along the inner wall for emptying heart round estrade to the ejected wash water of demister that demister removes
The part is led in weakly acidic water under the guide functions three times of the secondary water conservancy diversion of the closing round platform of layer and the diversion cofferdam of lower floor
It flow in the groove body at the middle part of slot type mixer for liquid, this part water enters the inside of slot type mixer for liquid by groove body, with lye jet pipe
The lye mixing of penetrating, on the one hand removes acidic materials, on the other hand can save lye spray supplemented with moisture into lye
The water consumption of leaching.In groove body overflow to lye tank (vat) of the lye by its top both sides in slot type mixer for liquid, and pass through liquid distributor
Lye is evenly distributed on the cross section of tower body, desulfurization is carried out to flue gas.
Preferably, the demister is ripple packing demister.
Preferably, it is provided with pH meter in the liquid distributor.
The alkalinity of the lye in liquid distributor is detected by pH meter, if pH is less than normal, lye in lye jet pipe can be increased
Flow if pH is bigger than normal, can suitably reduce the flow of the lye of lye jet pipe, in the premise for reaching preferable desulfuration efficiency
Under, use less lye.
Preferably, several through-holes are provided on the lye jet pipe.
The aperture of through-hole is required less herein, through-hole aperture can be larger, can such as reach 2-5mm or even bigger, production
Raw resistance is smaller, since the location of lye jet pipe is higher, when the resistance of generation is smaller, can effectively reduce to pump
Lift demand (relative to drive nozzle is used) sprays the conveying of high-concentration alkali liquor and is easier to realize.
Preferably, the liquid distributor includes communicating pipe, main distributed pipeline and several branch distributed pipelines, the upper end of communicating pipe
It is connected with the lye tank (vat), lower end is connected with the main distributed pipeline, several branch distributed pipelines are perpendicularly fixed at main distribution
The lower section of pipeline, and connected with main distributed pipeline, the lower end of each branch distributed pipeline is both provided with several spray apertures.
It is further preferred that main distributed pipeline and the link position of communicating pipe are located at the middle part of main distributed pipeline, branch distribution
The link position of pipeline and main distributed pipeline is located at the middle part of branch distributed pipeline.
The stability of liquid distributor can be improved.
Preferably, it is provided with packing layer below the liquid distributor.
The denseer lye that liquid distributor sprays forms liquid film in packing layer, can effectively improve the contact surface with flue gas
Product, and then improve the desulfuration efficiency to flue gas.
It is further preferred that the filler in described filler layer is ripple packing.
Preferably, sig water spraying layer is provided with below described filler layer, sig water spraying layer passes through pump and tower body bottom
Portion connects.The complete lye of the unreacted of tower body bottom can be sprayed again.
It is further preferred that the sig water spraying layer is provided with several drive nozzles.The setting of sig water spraying layer
Position is relatively low, and pump can be easy to sig water being pumped to the height.It, can be by the abundant mist of sig water during using drive nozzle
Change, improve the contact area of droplet and flue gas, and then improve the desulfuration efficiency to flue gas.
Preferably, the bottom of the tower body is provided with pH meter.
It can be used for measuring the pH value of bottom liquid, if aobvious alkalinity, may be reused, if being difficult to reach preferable again
Desulfurization effect, then row outside the partially liq is handled.
A kind of wet desulphurization method, includes the following steps：
1) flue gas, which is passed through in wet desulphurization spray column, carries out desulfurization, and the moisturizing spraying layer of wet desulphurization top of tower is to demister
Clear water is sprayed, demister is cleaned；
2) drop of demister removing and water after being cleaned to demister are under the guide functions except fog collector
It flow in the slot type mixer for liquid of tank type liquid distributor, is mixed with the lye of the higher concentration from lye jet pipe, reacted；
3) lye after the preliminarily diluted in slot type mixer for liquid passes through the groove body overflow of both sides at the top of slot type mixer for liquid to alkali
In liquid bath, and pass through liquid distributor and lye is evenly distributed on the cross section of tower body, fall the packing layer in lower section, in packing layer shape
Into lye film, desulfurization is carried out to flue gas.
Preferably, above-mentioned sulfur method is additionally included in setting sig water spraying layer below packing layer, by the dilute of tower body bottom
Lye carries out the step of circulated sprinkling.
Beneficial effects of the present invention are：
Demister can carry out demisting to the flue gas after desulfurization, sprayed water, can will be removed to demister by moisturizing spraying layer
Day with fog is cleaned, and is reduced demister surface acid and the concentration of salt, is mitigated the corrosion to demister, effectively increase demister
Service life.
The fog and flow downward, and in along the inner wall for emptying heart round estrade to the ejected wash water of demister that demister removes
The part is led in weakly acidic water under the guide functions three times of the secondary water conservancy diversion of the closing round platform of layer and the diversion cofferdam of lower floor
It flow in the groove body at the middle part of slot type mixer for liquid, this part water enters the inside of slot type mixer for liquid by groove body, with lye jet pipe
The lye mixing of penetrating, on the one hand removes acidic materials, on the other hand can save lye spray supplemented with moisture into lye
The water consumption of leaching.In groove body overflow to lye tank (vat) of the lye by its top both sides in slot type mixer for liquid, and pass through liquid distributor
Lye is evenly distributed on the cross section of tower body, desulfurization is carried out to flue gas.
Description of the drawings
The accompanying drawings which form a part of this application are used for providing further understanding of the present application, and the application's shows
Meaning property embodiment and its explanation do not form the improper restriction to the application for explaining the application.
Fig. 1 is the structure diagram of the wet desulfuration tower of the present invention；
Fig. 2 is the structure diagram of demisting water collecting groove；
Fig. 3 is the structure diagram of tank type liquid distributor；
Fig. 4 is the structure diagram of liquid distributor；
Fig. 5 is balanced line and operation lines；
Fig. 6 is Y pairsThe integrogram of mapping.
Wherein, 1, exhanst gas outlet, 2, moisturizing spraying layer, 3, demister, 4, except fog collector, 5, tank type liquid distribution
Device, 6, packing layer, 7, drive nozzle, 8, first flowmeter, 9, concentrated base slot, 10, second flowmeter, 11, reactive tank, 12, flue,
13rd, pH meter, 14, empty heart round estrade, 15, closing round platform, 16, diversion cofferdam, 17, slot type mixer for liquid, 18, lye jet pipe, 19,
Communicating pipe, 20, main distributed pipeline, 21, branch distributed pipeline, 22, lye tank (vat).
Specific embodiment
It is noted that following detailed description is all illustrative, it is intended to provide further instruction to the application.It is unless another
It indicates, all technical and scientific terms used herein has usual with the application person of an ordinary skill in the technical field
The identical meanings of understanding.
It should be noted that term used herein above is merely to describe specific embodiment, and be not intended to restricted root
According to the illustrative embodiments of the application.As used herein, unless the context clearly indicates otherwise, otherwise singulative
It is also intended to include plural form, additionally, it should be understood that, when in the present specification using term "comprising" and/or " packet
Include " when, indicate existing characteristics, step, operation, device, component and/or combination thereof.
As shown in Figure 1, a kind of wet desulphurization spray column, including tower body, demister, moisturizing spraying layer, except fog collector,
Tank type liquid distributor and concentrated base slot 9, wherein, the lower end setting gas inlet of tower body, gas inlet is connect with flue 12, upper end
Exhanst gas outlet 1 is set；Moisturizing spraying layer 2 is set to the top of tower body, is connect with clear water source；Demister 3 is set to moisturizing spray
The lower section of layer 2.
As shown in Fig. 2, except fog collector 4 include upper strata empty heart round estrade 14, middle level closing round platform 15 and under
The diversion cofferdam 16 of layer empties the lower end that heart round estrade 14 is set to demister 3, and empty the maximum gauge of heart round estrade 14 with
The internal diameter of tower body is equal；The upper end of closing round platform 15, which extends to, to be emptied in heart round estrade 14, and diversion cofferdam 16 is funnel structure, is sealed
The lower end for closing round platform 15 is extended to inside funnel structure；Except fog is along the 14 inner wall collection of heart round estrade is emptied, along intermediate closed circular
The outer wall water conservancy diversion of platform 15 is flowed by diversion cofferdam 16 in tank type liquid distributor.The top diameter for closing round platform 15 is less than to fall
The base diameter of open circles stage body 14.The flow that the inner wall water conservancy diversion of emptying heart round estrade 14 gets off can fall directly into closing round estrade
On 15 outer wall, it is more advantageous to the water conservancy diversion to water.
As a kind of specific embodiment, the top of closing round platform 15 extends to the inside for emptying heart round estrade 14.
It is 10-60 ° to empty the busbar of heart round estrade 14 and the angle of vertical direction, preferably 20-45 °, can be 20 ° e.g.,
30 °, 40 ° and 45 ° etc..
The busbar and the angle of vertical direction for closing round platform 14 are 30-80 °, preferably 45-60 °, can be 45 ° e.g., 50 °,
55 ° and 60 ° etc..
The surrounding at the top of diversion cofferdam 16 is provided with vertical baffle, and the water flowed down can be effectively prevent to splash out.Diversion cofferdam
The busbar of 16 funnel structure and the angle of vertical direction are 30-80 °, preferably 45-60 °, e.g., can be 45 °, 50 °, 55 ° and
60 ° etc..The lower end outlet of diversion cofferdam 16 is provided with diversion pipe.Diversion pipe is used to connect with the slot type mixer for liquid 17 of lower section.
As shown in Figure 3 and Figure 4, the tank type liquid distributor includes slot type mixer for liquid 17, lye jet pipe 18, lye tank (vat) 22
And liquid distributor, the bottom and side wall closing of slot type mixer for liquid 17, top is provided with several from one end to the other end and sets side by side
The groove body put, the cross-sectional shape of groove body is rectangle or triangle, and preferably triangle, bottom is got through, the diversion cofferdam
16 bottom is connected with 17 crown center position of slot type mixer for liquid；Lye jet pipe 18 is set to inside slot type mixer for liquid 17, and logical
Pump is crossed to connect with the concentrated base slot 9；Lye tank (vat) 22 is set to the lower section of slot type mixer for liquid 17, overflows for receiving slot type mixer for liquid 17
The liquid of stream；Liquid distributor is connected with the bottom of lye tank (vat) 22, and lye is evenly distributed on the cross section of tower body.
Demister can carry out demisting to the flue gas after desulfurization, sprayed water, can will be removed to demister by moisturizing spraying layer
Day with fog is cleaned, and is reduced demister surface acid and the concentration of salt, is mitigated the corrosion to demister, effectively increase demister
Service life.
The fog and flow downward, and in along the inner wall for emptying heart round estrade to the ejected wash water of demister that demister removes
The part is led in weakly acidic water under the guide functions three times of the secondary water conservancy diversion of the closing round platform of layer and the diversion cofferdam of lower floor
It flow in the groove body at the middle part of slot type mixer for liquid, this part water enters the inside of slot type mixer for liquid by groove body, with lye jet pipe
The lye mixing of penetrating, on the one hand removes acidic materials, on the other hand can save lye spray supplemented with moisture into lye
The water consumption of leaching.In groove body overflow to lye tank (vat) of the lye by its top both sides in slot type mixer for liquid, and pass through liquid distributor
Lye is evenly distributed on the cross section of tower body, desulfurization is carried out to flue gas.
The demister is ripple packing demister.PH meter is provided in the liquid distributor.Liquid distributor is detected by pH meter
In lye alkalinity, if pH is less than normal, the flow of lye in lye jet pipe can be increased, if pH is bigger than normal, can suitably be subtracted
The flow of the lye of small lye jet pipe under the premise of preferable desulfuration efficiency is reached, uses less lye.
Several through-holes are provided on lye jet pipe.The aperture of through-hole is required less herein, through-hole aperture can be larger,
2-5mm or even bigger can such as be reached, the resistance of generation is smaller, since the location of lye jet pipe is higher, when the resistance of generation
When power is smaller, the lift demand (relative to drive nozzle is used) to pump can be effectively reduced, sprays the conveying of high-concentration alkali liquor
Leaching is easier to realize.
As shown in figure 4, the liquid distributor includes communicating pipe 19, main distributed pipeline 20 and several branch distributed pipelines 21, even
The upper end of siphunculus 19 is connected with the lye tank (vat) 22, and lower end is connected with the main distributed pipeline 20, several branch distributed pipelines 21
The lower section of main distributed pipeline 20 is perpendicularly fixed at, and is connected with main distributed pipeline 20, the lower end of each branch distributed pipeline 21
It is both provided with several spray apertures.Main distributed pipeline 20 and the link position of communicating pipe 19 are located at the middle part of main distributed pipeline 20,
The link position of branch distributed pipeline 21 and main distributed pipeline 20 is located at the middle part of branch distributed pipeline 21.The steady of liquid distributor can be improved
It is qualitative.
Packing layer 6 is provided with below liquid distributor.The denseer lye that liquid distributor sprays forms liquid in packing layer 6
Film can effectively improve the contact area with flue gas, and then improve the desulfuration efficiency to flue gas.Filler in packing layer 6 is wave
Line filler.The lower section of packing layer 6 is provided with sig water spraying layer, and sig water spraying layer is connected by pumping with tower body bottom.It can be with
The complete lye of the unreacted of tower body bottom is sprayed again.Sig water spraying layer is provided with several drive nozzles 7.It is dilute
The installation position of lye spraying layer is relatively low, and pump can be easy to sig water being pumped to the height.It, can during using drive nozzle 7
Sig water to be fully atomized, the contact area of droplet and flue gas is improved, and then improve the desulfuration efficiency to flue gas.
The bottom of tower body is provided with pH meter.It can be used for measuring the pH value of bottom liquid, if aobvious alkalinity, can repeat to make
With if being difficult to reach preferable desulfurization effect again, row outside the partially liq is handled.
A kind of wet desulphurization method, includes the following steps：
1) flue gas, which is passed through in wet desulphurization spray column, carries out desulfurization, and the moisturizing spraying layer of wet desulphurization top of tower is to demister
Clear water is sprayed, demister is cleaned；
2) drop of demister removing and water after being cleaned to demister are under the guide functions except fog collector
It flow in the slot type mixer for liquid of tank type liquid distributor, is mixed with the lye of the higher concentration from lye jet pipe, reacted；
3) lye after the preliminarily diluted in slot type mixer for liquid passes through the groove body overflow of both sides at the top of slot type mixer for liquid to alkali
In liquid bath, and pass through liquid distributor and lye is evenly distributed on the cross section of tower body, fall the packing layer in lower section, in packing layer shape
Into lye film, desulfurization is carried out to flue gas.
4) sig water spraying layer below packing layer is set, the sig water of tower body bottom is subjected to circulated sprinkling.
Wet desulphurization Deethanizer design
1st, design object
After the processing such as dry desulfurization, into the Gas Parameters of wet desulfuration tower and the outlet SO of wet desulphurization2Concentration
It is required that it is shown in Table 1.
1 wet desulfuration tower inlet flue gas parameter of table
2nd, the influence factor of absorption efficiency
In packed tower, mass transport process between sodium hydroxide solution and sulfur dioxide in flue gas can with double-film theory come
It explains.
The essence of two film model be by mass-transfer progress be reduced to by the air film and liquid film of gas-liquid interface both sides come into
Capable, the alternate absorption of liquid phase two (mass transfer) rate is determined by this molecular diffusion rate for being detained film.
Absorption liquid pH is to influence a principal element of desulfurization degree, according to formulas below
2NaOH+SO2→Na2SO3+H2O；
Na2SO3+SO2+H2O→2NaHSO3；
SO2H is dissociateed into absorbing liquid+And HSO3 -, with OH-Further reaction.
When resting on high pH, OH-Ion concentration is higher, and chemical reaction rate is very fast, and the enhancement factor of mass transfer in liquid phase is big
And resistance is small, entire mass transport process is controlled by gas phase drag and absorption rate is larger, is finally presented as SO2Overall mass transfer coefficient compared with
It is high；
When pH drops to 6 or so, [SO in absorbing liquid3 2-] and enhancement factor comparatively fast reduce with the reduction of pH, resistance to mass tranfer
Corresponding increase, makes SO2Mass tranfer coefficient declines rapidly, is intended to close as the air film of desulfurizing agent sweetening process, liquid-film resistance using water
Double films control absorption process；
3rd, desulfurization Deethanizer design
1) demisting layer designs
Project spray column uses ripple packing demisting, with reference to ripple packing computational methods, designs superficial linear velocity in a column 0.6m/ in tower
S, identify project desulfurizing tower internal diameter 3.8m, and sprinkle density generally should be greater than 0.2m3/m2.h, 0.5m is taken3/m2When .h, amount of makeup water
5.67m3/h。
Hollow round table is is fallen in demisting water collecting groove upper strata, and middle level is closing round platform, and lower floor is diversion cofferdam, except fog is along upper
Hollow round table inner wall is collected, along intermediate round platform outer wall water conservancy diversion, by diversion cofferdam to inflow tank type liquid distributor.Except fog
It collects slot form and sees Fig. 2.
2) Desulfurization Calculation
Process with sodium hydroxide solution sulfur dioxide absorption is mainly the absorption process of fast chemical reaction, and pH is along tower height
There is graded, high pH doctor solutions region uses efficient corrugated filler, therefore directly in terms of the desulfuration efficiency of upper strata ripple packing
Calculate the height for determining packing layer.The general internal circulating load bigger of desulfurizing tower lower floor spray section doctor solution, pH is relatively low, has certain slow
SOLUTION PROPERTIES is rushed, the major function of the spray section is to prevent smoke temperature change from influencing absorption process in tower, completes part SO2- 3
Oxidation absorbs a part of sulfur dioxide in flue gas.
According to the equilibrium constant of water sulfur dioxide absorption, removal effect of this technique to sulfur dioxide in flue gas is calculated.Water
The equilibrium constant of sulfur dioxide absorption is shown in Table 2.
The equilibrium constant of 2 water sulfur dioxide absorption of table
At 50 DEG C, pH=5,6, reaction process and ionization equilibrium are respectively：
[H+]=[SO2·H2O]·Ks1/[HSO3 -]
[H+]=Ks1·[HSO3 --]/[SO3 2-]
At 50 DEG C, logKs1=853/T-4.74 (M)=- 2.0991
logKs2=621.9/T-9.278 (M)=- 7.3526
Calculate to obtain Ks1=7.9598 × 10-3M
Ks2=4.44 × 10-8M
Secondary ionization is very small, can ignore；
For first stage ionization [SO2·H2O]=([H+][HSO3 --])·1/Ks1
In pH=5, [SO2·H2O]=10-5·1/7.9598×10-3=1.256 × 10-8
In pH=6, [SO2·H2O]=10-5·1/7.9598×10-6=1.256 × 10-10
According to reaction equation
PSO2=[SO2·H2O]/Khs·PSO2
Calculate to obtain logKhs=1376.1/T-4.51=-0.2496
Khs=0.5628
In pH=5, PSO2=1.256 × 10-8/ 0.5628=2.2317 × 10-8atm
Project flue gas pressures are 1atm, then SO2Concentration conversion is 2.2317/22.4 × 64 × 10-8=6.376 × 10-8mg/
m3
In pH=6, PSO2=2.2317 × 10-10Atm, corresponding SO2Equilibrium concentration smaller
If corresponding SO during pH=42Equilibrium concentration be 6.376 × 10-6mg/m3, which is substantially better than environment
Numerical value in air quality standard.
It is above to calculate it can be seen that the equilibrium concentration of the sulfur dioxide in flue gas after wet desulphurization can reach nearly zero-emission
It puts.
Technical process bed stuffing height is calculated by absorption mass transfer rate equation and mass balance：
1st, rate accounts formula：DN=KY(Y-Y*)dA
In formula：The absorption rate kmol/h of N-absorbent
A-contact area m2
Y-Y*--- mass transferring in gas phase motive force
KY--- mass transferring in gas phase overall coefficient
2nd, mass balance formula：DN=VdY
It is obtained with reference to above two formula：DN=VdY=KY(Y-Y*)dA
Therefore：
In same tower and under certain operation condition, K is takenYFor definite value, then along whole contact surfaces integrate：
Wherein：
In formula：H-bed stuffing height m
The cross-sectional area m of Ω-packed tower2
Effective specific surface m of α-filler2/m3
So as to obtain the height of packing layer：
It enablesThen：H=HOG·NOG；
H in formulaOGReferred to as mass transferring in gas phase cell height m；NOGReferred to as number of elements of gas phase mass transfer.
Mass transferring in gas phase cell height can be used directlyIt calculates, number of mass transfer unit asks calculation more complicated, can be used to lower section
Method calculates.
Graphical integration：To askMade in X-Y figures first balanced line and operation lines (operation lines it is oblique
Rate is determined according to absorbent than dosage)；Then in Y1—Y2In the range of gradually find out values of the Y to Y*；Later again with Y pairs
Mapping, is obtained area under a curve, value is NOG(see Fig. 5 and Fig. 6).
Graphical method is relatively to meet operating condition in engineering, and more accurately checks the method for packed absorber.In view of this item
Mesh burns project for dangerous waste, and sulfur dioxide concentration has apparent fluctuation, and production status is also difficult in adapt to even if accurately calculating
Fluctuation and floss hole discharge standard the requirement of mandatory limit value, therefore as parameter evaluation method, person's character design alternative is simpler
Just chemical absorbing computational methods derived from logarithmic mean concentration difference method.
(2) logarithmic mean concentration difference method：When the equilibrium relation of absorption obeys Henry's law, i.e. balanced line for a straight line or connects
During nearly straight line, calculating can simplify, using logarithmic mean concentration difference method.Calculation formula is as follows：
Mass balance formula：DN=Vd Y
By Henry's law：Y*=m X are therefore
Again by absorption rate equation：DN=KY(Y-Y*)dA
Comprehensive above formula obtains：
By upper integral, A is from 0-A in the process, and Y is from Y2—Y1：
Again in terms of Quan Talai absorbent mass balance：
N=V (Y1-Y2)
It is obtained by above two formula：
1. this formula is substituted into formula in：
WhenWhen,It is little that the motive force that is averaged takes arithmetic average to influence accuracy in computation
When, then by following formula N=V (Y1-Y2)
2. with reference to：V(Y1-Y2)=KYAΔYm
Again withIt substitutes into：
It can be seen from 5.2.3.2 result of calculations in the range of desulfurizing tower whole operation, lye sulfur dioxide absorption is put down
The concentration that weighs and the concentration difference in flue gas are very huge, and the environmental monitoring data of practical sulphur removal tower operation also has equifinality.
Be exactly the corresponding concentration of balanced line for operation lines concentration, more like the abscissa line for tending to nearly zero.And lye absorbs two
The fast chemical reaction of sulfur oxide has been obviously promoted the transfer of solute liquid phase, essentially eliminates film mass transfer resistance, influences to absorb
The resistance to mass tranfer of journey focuses only on air film on one side, therefore the numerical value of mass transfer overall coefficient is closer to high-dissolvability gas such as ammonia, chlorine
Change the absorption numerical value of hydrogen.Therefore packed height calculating can be reduced to：
Yb--- the SO into packing layer flue gas2Concentration
Ya--- leave SO in packing layer flue gas2Concentration
V/ Ω=0.6m/s K are taken in this calculatingYα=0.65s-1(absorbing mass tranfer coefficient estimation by ammonia)
SoSuch as export SO2A concentration of 10mg/m3, then packed height calculating
It is worth for 2.13m.
This project bed stuffing height takes 3m.
3) absorption tower spray height
Compared with typical, the design exhaust gas volumn is relatively low, because using ripple packing as absorption operation filler, therefore absorbs
Tower actual wind speed is apparent relatively low compared with desulfurization by lime gypsum method technique 3.5m/s.Engineering is using similar centrifugal pressure spray
Mouth spray column bottom doctor solution, the liquid-gas ratio of sprinkle density can suitably lower as 1-2L.m-3.
General nozzle liquid-drop diameter is 1.5mm, and the liquid-drop diameter is smaller, and compared with raindrop, deformation is smaller, substantially spherically-shaped
Decline.The smoke contacts reaction time is generally 2-5s, and it is 3m that 5s is taken, which to calculate spray section height,.
This project spray column highly takes 3m.
4) groove height is reacted
2.2 ten thousand m of Project design air quantity3The superficial linear velocity in a column of gas in/h and tower, calculates a diameter of 3.8m of project packed tower.
Absorbing liquid took the residence time as 4 minutes at 3~5 minutes of bottom of towe in design, then according to fluid flow calculate the liquid measure of bottom of towe is
29.33m3, spatial altitude shared by bottom liquid can be obtained as 2.59m, approximation takes 3m.
5) desulfurizing tower total height
Liquid distribution trough, tower top demister are also laid with inside packed tower, while considers space needed for gas-liquid inlet and outlet, skirt
The attached height such as seat height degree.
More than filler in packed column layer, reserve certain spatial altitude, so that drop can be separated from air-flow, the tower
Upper liquid distributor installation space is about 1.5m, and tower top demister and clear space are every 2.5m.Doctor solution nozzle space 0.5m.Wave
Line filler, spraying zone and each 3m height of doctor solution liquid storage area.
It is calculated according to above, it is 13.5m to determine desulfurizing tower total height.
The foregoing is merely the preferred embodiments of the application, are not limited to the application, for the skill of this field
For art personnel, the application can have various modifications and variations.It is all within spirit herein and principle, made any repair
Change, equivalent replacement, improvement etc., should be included within the protection domain of the application.
Claims (10)
1. a kind of wet desulphurization spray column, it is characterised in that：Including tower body, demister, moisturizing spraying layer, except fog collector,
Tank type liquid distributor and concentrated base slot, wherein,
The lower end setting gas inlet of tower body, upper end setting exhanst gas outlet；
Moisturizing spraying layer is set to the top of tower body, is connect with clear water source；
Demister is set to the lower section of moisturizing spraying layer；
Except fog collector includes emptying heart round estrade, the closing round platform in middle level and the diversion cofferdam of lower floor on upper strata, the heart is emptied
Round estrade is set to the lower end of demister, and the maximum gauge for emptying heart round estrade is equal with the internal diameter of tower body；Close round platform
Upper end, which extends to, to be emptied in heart round estrade, and diversion cofferdam is funnel structure, and the lower end for closing round platform is extended to inside funnel structure；
The tank type liquid distributor includes slot type mixer for liquid, lye jet pipe, lye tank (vat) and liquid distributor, the bottom of slot type mixer for liquid
It is closed with side wall, top is provided with several groove bodies being set up in parallel from one end to the other end, and groove body bottom is got through, described to lead
The bottom in stream cofferdam is connected with the centre position at the top of slot type mixer for liquid；
The lye jet pipe is set to inside slot type mixer for liquid, and is connected by pumping with the concentrated base slot；Lye tank (vat) is set to slot
The lower section of formula mixer for liquid, for receiving the liquid of slot type mixer for liquid overflow；Liquid distributor is connected with the bottom of lye tank (vat), and lye is equal
It is even to be distributed on the cross section of tower body.
2. wet desulphurization spray column according to claim 1, it is characterised in that：The demister is ripple packing demisting
Device.
3. wet desulphurization spray column according to claim 1, it is characterised in that：PH meter is provided in the liquid distributor.
4. wet desulphurization spray column according to claim 1, it is characterised in that：Several are provided on the lye jet pipe
Through-hole.
5. wet desulphurization spray column according to claim 1, it is characterised in that：The liquid distributor includes communicating pipe, master point
Cloth pipeline and several branch distributed pipelines, the upper end of communicating pipe are connected with the lye tank (vat), and lower end connects with the main distributed pipeline
Logical, several branch distributed pipelines are perpendicularly fixed at the lower section of main distributed pipeline, and are connected with main distributed pipeline, each branch point
The lower end of cloth pipeline is both provided with several spray apertures；
Preferably, main distributed pipeline and the link position of communicating pipe are located at the middle part of main distributed pipeline, and branch distributed pipeline divides with main
The link position of cloth pipeline is located at the middle part of branch distributed pipeline.
6. wet desulphurization spray column according to claim 1, it is characterised in that：Filler is provided with below the liquid distributor
Layer；
Preferably, the filler in described filler layer is ripple packing.
7. wet desulphurization spray column according to claim 1, it is characterised in that：Diluted alkaline is provided with below described filler layer
Liquid spraying layer, sig water spraying layer are connected by pumping with tower body bottom.
8. wet desulphurization spray column according to claim 7, it is characterised in that：The sig water spraying layer is provided with several
A drive nozzle.
9. a kind of wet desulphurization method, it is characterised in that：Include the following steps：
1) flue gas, which is passed through in wet desulphurization spray column, carries out desulfurization, and the moisturizing spraying layer of wet desulphurization top of tower is sprayed to demister
Clear water cleans demister；
2) drop of demister removing and the water after being cleaned to demister the guide functions except fog collector downstream to
It in the slot type mixer for liquid of tank type liquid distributor, mixes, reacts with the lye of the higher concentration from lye jet pipe；
3) lye after the preliminarily diluted in slot type mixer for liquid passes through the groove body overflow of both sides at the top of slot type mixer for liquid to lye tank (vat)
In, and pass through liquid distributor and lye is evenly distributed on the cross section of tower body, the packing layer in lower section is fallen, alkali is formed in packing layer
Liquid film carries out desulfurization to flue gas.
10. sulfur method according to claim 9, it is characterised in that：Setting sig water below packing layer is additionally included in spray
Drenching layer, the step of sig water of tower body bottom is subjected to circulated sprinkling.
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