CN108210040A - 一种股骨近端髓内钉 - Google Patents
一种股骨近端髓内钉 Download PDFInfo
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- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A61—MEDICAL OR VETERINARY SCIENCE; HYGIENE
- A61B—DIAGNOSIS; SURGERY; IDENTIFICATION
- A61B17/00—Surgical instruments, devices or methods, e.g. tourniquets
- A61B17/56—Surgical instruments or methods for treatment of bones or joints; Devices specially adapted therefor
- A61B17/58—Surgical instruments or methods for treatment of bones or joints; Devices specially adapted therefor for osteosynthesis, e.g. bone plates, screws, setting implements or the like
- A61B17/68—Internal fixation devices, including fasteners and spinal fixators, even if a part thereof projects from the skin
- A61B17/72—Intramedullary pins, nails or other devices
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- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A61—MEDICAL OR VETERINARY SCIENCE; HYGIENE
- A61B—DIAGNOSIS; SURGERY; IDENTIFICATION
- A61B17/00—Surgical instruments, devices or methods, e.g. tourniquets
- A61B17/56—Surgical instruments or methods for treatment of bones or joints; Devices specially adapted therefor
- A61B17/58—Surgical instruments or methods for treatment of bones or joints; Devices specially adapted therefor for osteosynthesis, e.g. bone plates, screws, setting implements or the like
- A61B17/68—Internal fixation devices, including fasteners and spinal fixators, even if a part thereof projects from the skin
- A61B17/72—Intramedullary pins, nails or other devices
- A61B17/7233—Intramedullary pins, nails or other devices with special means of locking the nail to the bone
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- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A61—MEDICAL OR VETERINARY SCIENCE; HYGIENE
- A61B—DIAGNOSIS; SURGERY; IDENTIFICATION
- A61B17/00—Surgical instruments, devices or methods, e.g. tourniquets
- A61B17/56—Surgical instruments or methods for treatment of bones or joints; Devices specially adapted therefor
- A61B17/58—Surgical instruments or methods for treatment of bones or joints; Devices specially adapted therefor for osteosynthesis, e.g. bone plates, screws, setting implements or the like
- A61B17/68—Internal fixation devices, including fasteners and spinal fixators, even if a part thereof projects from the skin
- A61B17/74—Devices for the head or neck or trochanter of the femur
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- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A61—MEDICAL OR VETERINARY SCIENCE; HYGIENE
- A61B—DIAGNOSIS; SURGERY; IDENTIFICATION
- A61B17/00—Surgical instruments, devices or methods, e.g. tourniquets
- A61B17/56—Surgical instruments or methods for treatment of bones or joints; Devices specially adapted therefor
- A61B17/58—Surgical instruments or methods for treatment of bones or joints; Devices specially adapted therefor for osteosynthesis, e.g. bone plates, screws, setting implements or the like
- A61B17/68—Internal fixation devices, including fasteners and spinal fixators, even if a part thereof projects from the skin
- A61B17/74—Devices for the head or neck or trochanter of the femur
- A61B17/742—Devices for the head or neck or trochanter of the femur having one or more longitudinal elements oriented along or parallel to the axis of the neck
- A61B17/744—Devices for the head or neck or trochanter of the femur having one or more longitudinal elements oriented along or parallel to the axis of the neck the longitudinal elements coupled to an intramedullary nail
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- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A61—MEDICAL OR VETERINARY SCIENCE; HYGIENE
- A61B—DIAGNOSIS; SURGERY; IDENTIFICATION
- A61B17/00—Surgical instruments, devices or methods, e.g. tourniquets
- A61B17/56—Surgical instruments or methods for treatment of bones or joints; Devices specially adapted therefor
- A61B2017/564—Methods for bone or joint treatment
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Abstract
本发明属于髓内钉技术领域,具体涉及一种股骨近端髓内钉,包括主钉、拉力螺钉和限位件,主钉的近端设有拉力螺钉孔,拉力螺钉穿过拉力螺钉孔,主钉的近端内部设有与拉力螺钉孔连通的通孔,限位件容置于通孔内,拉力螺钉上穿过拉力螺钉孔的部位的外壁上设有一个沿拉力螺钉的伸长方向伸展的平切面,限位件的一端设有限位部,限位部伸入拉力螺钉孔内,拉力螺钉穿过限位部。本发明的股骨近端髓内钉,避免了拉力螺钉的转动,利于伤部的恢复。
Description
技术领域
本发明属于髓内钉技术领域,具体涉及一种股骨近端髓内钉。
背景技术
当人体的骨骼发生骨折时,通常会使用髓内钉来连接断骨,髓内钉一般是指放在骨髓腔内的长钢钉。比如下肢的股骨和胫骨,在骨头一端开个伤口放入髓内钉后,在髓内钉的近端和远端分别安装拉力螺钉及固定钉,可以防止骨头的旋转及缩短。现有的用于股骨近端的髓内钉因拉力螺钉孔或拉力螺钉的截面为圆形,在实际使用过程中拉力螺钉容易发生转动,不利于伤部的恢复。
发明内容
本发明的目的是提供一种股骨近端髓内钉,避免了拉力螺钉的转动,利于伤部的恢复。
为实现上述目的,本发明所采用的技术方案是:包括主钉、拉力螺钉和限位件,主钉的近端设有拉力螺钉孔,拉力螺钉穿过拉力螺钉孔,主钉的近端内部设有与拉力螺钉孔连通的通孔,限位件容置于通孔内,拉力螺钉上穿过拉力螺钉孔的部位的外壁上设有一个沿拉力螺钉的伸长方向伸展的平切面,限位件的一端设有限位部,限位部伸入拉力螺钉孔内,拉力螺钉穿过限位部。
优选的,所述限位部呈L型,限位部具有一个限位壁,拉力螺钉穿过限位壁与拉力螺钉孔侧壁之间的孔隙,限位壁的内壁与平切面贴合。
优选的,所述限位件的另一端设有连接部,连接部伸入通孔内,连接部通过螺纹与通孔螺接。
优选的,所述所述髓内钉还包括封帽,封帽设于限位件的靠近连接部的一端,封帽的一端与连接部卡合,封帽的另一端设有凹槽。
优选的,所述封帽的外壁设有螺纹,封帽与通孔螺接。
优选的,所述拉力螺钉上穿过拉力螺钉孔的部位的截面由一圆弧与一直线组成。
采用上述技术方案后,本发明具有以下积极效果:
本发明中的股骨近端髓内钉,设置限位件与拉力螺钉通过一个平面接触配合进行单侧限位,可以防止拉力螺钉旋转,同时,限位件上的限位部与拉力螺钉孔配合形成拉力螺钉的局部滑动通道,在植入人体过程中拉力螺钉可以沿主钉的伸长方向局部滑动来调整位置,因限位件与封帽固定连接,封帽与主钉近端的内壁螺接,从主钉近端的端面处可以用工具调整封帽的位置,进而调整限位件在主钉内的位置,从而可以调整拉力螺钉的位置,且通过螺纹结构可以对主钉锁紧加压,保证使用过程的安全稳定性。
附图说明
图1为本发明的股骨近端髓内钉结构图;
图2为图1所示股骨近端髓内钉局部剖视图;
图3为图2所示股骨近端髓内钉A-A方向的剖视图;
图4为限位件与封帽配合示意图。
其中:1、主钉,2、拉力螺钉,3、限位件,4、拉力螺钉孔,5、通孔,6、平切面,7、限位部,71、限位壁,8、连接部,9、封帽,10、凹槽,11、倒钩。
具体实施方式
下面结合附图和具体实施方式对本发明作进一步详细说明。
在本发明中,除非另有明确的规定和限定,术语“安装”、“相连”、“连接”、“固定”等术语应作广义理解,例如,可以是固定连接,也可以是可拆卸连接,或成一体;可以是机械连接,也可以是电连接;可以是直接相连,也可以通过中间媒介间接相连,可以是两个元件内部的连通或两个元件的相互作用关系。对于本领域的普通技术人员而言,可以根据具体情况理解上述术语在本发明中的具体含义。
如图1-4所示,为本发明的股骨近端髓内钉,包括主钉1、拉力螺钉2、限位件3和封帽9,主钉1具有近端和远端,主钉1的近端设有拉力螺钉孔4,拉力螺钉2穿过拉力螺钉孔4,即拉力螺钉2斜向的穿过主钉1。
主钉1的近端内部设有与拉力螺钉孔4连通的通孔5,通孔5从主钉1的近端端部贯穿至拉力螺钉孔4处。限位件3和封帽9均容置于通孔5内。限位件3一端具有限位部7,另一端为连接部8,封帽9的一端伸入连接部8的端部,连接部8的端部具有一倒钩11,封帽9的端部具有一凸出的台阶,所述台阶与倒钩11卡合使封帽9与限位件3固定连接。封帽9的另一端设有凹槽10,凹槽10的设置便于外用工具对封帽9作用拧紧。通孔5的内壁具有螺纹,封帽9的外壁设有与通孔5的内壁配合的螺纹,封帽9与通孔5螺接。连接部8伸入通孔5内,连接部8与通孔5螺接。
拉力螺钉2上穿过拉力螺钉孔4的部位的外壁上设有一个沿拉力螺钉2的伸长方向伸展的平切面6,拉力螺钉2上穿过拉力螺钉孔4的部位的截面形状由一圆弧与一直线组成,限位部7伸入拉力螺钉孔4内,拉力螺钉2在穿过拉力螺钉孔4的时候穿过限位部7。限位部7由一个限位壁71构成,拉力螺钉2穿过限位壁71与拉力螺钉孔4侧壁之间的孔隙,限位壁71的内壁与平切面6贴合。
本发明的股骨近端髓内钉使用时,限位件3上的限位壁71伸入拉力螺钉孔4内,拉力螺钉2穿过限位部7,通过限位壁71的单向限位,可防止拉力螺钉2转动,限位部7为长条状的槽,拉力螺钉2可在限位部7内滑动,从而调整位置。同时,通过锁紧封帽9,限位件3可对拉力螺钉2锁紧加压,保证使用过程的安全稳定。
对本领域的技术人员来说,可根据以上描述的技术方案以及构思,做出其它各种相应的改变以及形变,而所有的这些改变以及形变都应该属于本发明要求的保护范围之内。
Claims (6)
1.一种股骨近端髓内钉,其特征在于:包括主钉(1)、拉力螺钉(2)和限位件(3),主钉(1)的近端设有拉力螺钉孔(4),拉力螺钉(2)穿过拉力螺钉孔(4),主钉(1)的近端内部设有与拉力螺钉孔(4)连通的通孔(5),限位件(3)容置于通孔(5)内,拉力螺钉(2)上穿过拉力螺钉孔(4)的部位的外壁上设有一个沿拉力螺钉(2)的伸长方向伸展的平切面(6),限位件(3)的一端设有限位部(7),限位部(7)伸入拉力螺钉孔(4)内,拉力螺钉(2)穿过限位部(7)。
2.根据权利要求1所述的股骨近端髓内钉,其特征在于:限位部(7)呈L型,限位部(7)具有一个限位壁(71),拉力螺钉(2)穿过限位壁(71)与拉力螺钉孔(4)侧壁之间的孔隙,限位壁(71)的内壁与平切面(6)贴合。
3.根据权利要求1所述的股骨近端髓内钉,其特征在于:限位件(3)的另一端设有连接部(8),连接部(8)伸入通孔(5)内,连接部(8)通过螺纹与通孔(5)螺接。
4.根据权利要求3所述的股骨近端髓内钉,其特征在于:所述髓内钉还包括封帽(9),封帽(9)设于限位件(3)的靠近连接部(8)的一端,封帽(9)的一端与连接部(8)卡合,封帽(9)的另一端设有凹槽(10)。
5.根据权利要求4所述的股骨近端髓内钉,其特征在于:封帽(9)的外壁设有螺纹,封帽(9)与通孔(5)螺接。
6.根据权利要求1所述的股骨近端髓内钉,其特征在于:拉力螺钉(2)上穿过拉力螺钉孔(4)的部位的截面形状由一圆弧与一直线组成。
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Cited By (2)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
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CN108577956A (zh) * | 2018-07-03 | 2018-09-28 | 张殿英 | 股骨近端仿生力臂重建支撑防旋髓内钉系统 |
CN108742810A (zh) * | 2018-07-03 | 2018-11-06 | 张殿英 | 一种股骨近端防旋髓内钉系统 |
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US20020156473A1 (en) * | 2001-04-24 | 2002-10-24 | Bramlet Dale G. | Intramedullary hip nail with bifurcated lock |
CN102232863A (zh) * | 2010-04-23 | 2011-11-09 | 常州奥斯迈医疗器械有限公司 | 骨髓内钉装置 |
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Patent Citations (2)
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US20020156473A1 (en) * | 2001-04-24 | 2002-10-24 | Bramlet Dale G. | Intramedullary hip nail with bifurcated lock |
CN102232863A (zh) * | 2010-04-23 | 2011-11-09 | 常州奥斯迈医疗器械有限公司 | 骨髓内钉装置 |
Cited By (2)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
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CN108577956A (zh) * | 2018-07-03 | 2018-09-28 | 张殿英 | 股骨近端仿生力臂重建支撑防旋髓内钉系统 |
CN108742810A (zh) * | 2018-07-03 | 2018-11-06 | 张殿英 | 一种股骨近端防旋髓内钉系统 |
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