CN108207405A - 一种土壤长效保湿、防虫的硅藻泥塑料花盆及制备方法 - Google Patents

一种土壤长效保湿、防虫的硅藻泥塑料花盆及制备方法 Download PDF

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CN108207405A
CN108207405A CN201810044453.2A CN201810044453A CN108207405A CN 108207405 A CN108207405 A CN 108207405A CN 201810044453 A CN201810044453 A CN 201810044453A CN 108207405 A CN108207405 A CN 108207405A
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water conservation
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陈庆
贯大为
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Chengdu New Keli Chemical Science Co Ltd
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    • AHUMAN NECESSITIES
    • A01AGRICULTURE; FORESTRY; ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; HUNTING; TRAPPING; FISHING
    • A01GHORTICULTURE; CULTIVATION OF VEGETABLES, FLOWERS, RICE, FRUIT, VINES, HOPS OR SEAWEED; FORESTRY; WATERING
    • A01G9/00Cultivation in receptacles, forcing-frames or greenhouses; Edging for beds, lawn or the like
    • A01G9/02Receptacles, e.g. flower-pots or boxes; Glasses for cultivating flowers
    • AHUMAN NECESSITIES
    • A01AGRICULTURE; FORESTRY; ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; HUNTING; TRAPPING; FISHING
    • A01GHORTICULTURE; CULTIVATION OF VEGETABLES, FLOWERS, RICE, FRUIT, VINES, HOPS OR SEAWEED; FORESTRY; WATERING
    • A01G9/00Cultivation in receptacles, forcing-frames or greenhouses; Edging for beds, lawn or the like
    • A01G9/02Receptacles, e.g. flower-pots or boxes; Glasses for cultivating flowers
    • A01G9/021Pots formed in one piece; Materials used therefor
    • B32B17/064
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    • B32LAYERED PRODUCTS
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    • BPERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B32LAYERED PRODUCTS
    • B32BLAYERED PRODUCTS, i.e. PRODUCTS BUILT-UP OF STRATA OF FLAT OR NON-FLAT, e.g. CELLULAR OR HONEYCOMB, FORM
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    • BPERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B32LAYERED PRODUCTS
    • B32BLAYERED PRODUCTS, i.e. PRODUCTS BUILT-UP OF STRATA OF FLAT OR NON-FLAT, e.g. CELLULAR OR HONEYCOMB, FORM
    • B32B5/00Layered products characterised by the non- homogeneity or physical structure, i.e. comprising a fibrous, filamentary, particulate or foam layer; Layered products characterised by having a layer differing constitutionally or physically in different parts
    • B32B5/02Layered products characterised by the non- homogeneity or physical structure, i.e. comprising a fibrous, filamentary, particulate or foam layer; Layered products characterised by having a layer differing constitutionally or physically in different parts characterised by structural features of a fibrous or filamentary layer
    • BPERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B32LAYERED PRODUCTS
    • B32BLAYERED PRODUCTS, i.e. PRODUCTS BUILT-UP OF STRATA OF FLAT OR NON-FLAT, e.g. CELLULAR OR HONEYCOMB, FORM
    • B32B5/00Layered products characterised by the non- homogeneity or physical structure, i.e. comprising a fibrous, filamentary, particulate or foam layer; Layered products characterised by having a layer differing constitutionally or physically in different parts
    • B32B5/18Layered products characterised by the non- homogeneity or physical structure, i.e. comprising a fibrous, filamentary, particulate or foam layer; Layered products characterised by having a layer differing constitutionally or physically in different parts characterised by features of a layer of foamed material
    • BPERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B32LAYERED PRODUCTS
    • B32BLAYERED PRODUCTS, i.e. PRODUCTS BUILT-UP OF STRATA OF FLAT OR NON-FLAT, e.g. CELLULAR OR HONEYCOMB, FORM
    • B32B5/00Layered products characterised by the non- homogeneity or physical structure, i.e. comprising a fibrous, filamentary, particulate or foam layer; Layered products characterised by having a layer differing constitutionally or physically in different parts
    • B32B5/22Layered products characterised by the non- homogeneity or physical structure, i.e. comprising a fibrous, filamentary, particulate or foam layer; Layered products characterised by having a layer differing constitutionally or physically in different parts characterised by the presence of two or more layers which are next to each other and are fibrous, filamentary, formed of particles or foamed
    • B32B5/24Layered products characterised by the non- homogeneity or physical structure, i.e. comprising a fibrous, filamentary, particulate or foam layer; Layered products characterised by having a layer differing constitutionally or physically in different parts characterised by the presence of two or more layers which are next to each other and are fibrous, filamentary, formed of particles or foamed one layer being a fibrous or filamentary layer
    • B32B5/245Layered products characterised by the non- homogeneity or physical structure, i.e. comprising a fibrous, filamentary, particulate or foam layer; Layered products characterised by having a layer differing constitutionally or physically in different parts characterised by the presence of two or more layers which are next to each other and are fibrous, filamentary, formed of particles or foamed one layer being a fibrous or filamentary layer another layer next to it being a foam layer
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    • B32LAYERED PRODUCTS
    • B32BLAYERED PRODUCTS, i.e. PRODUCTS BUILT-UP OF STRATA OF FLAT OR NON-FLAT, e.g. CELLULAR OR HONEYCOMB, FORM
    • B32B9/00Layered products comprising a layer of a particular substance not covered by groups B32B11/00 - B32B29/00
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    • BPERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B32LAYERED PRODUCTS
    • B32BLAYERED PRODUCTS, i.e. PRODUCTS BUILT-UP OF STRATA OF FLAT OR NON-FLAT, e.g. CELLULAR OR HONEYCOMB, FORM
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    • BPERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B32LAYERED PRODUCTS
    • B32BLAYERED PRODUCTS, i.e. PRODUCTS BUILT-UP OF STRATA OF FLAT OR NON-FLAT, e.g. CELLULAR OR HONEYCOMB, FORM
    • B32B2262/00Composition or structural features of fibres which form a fibrous or filamentary layer or are present as additives
    • B32B2262/10Inorganic fibres
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    • BPERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B32LAYERED PRODUCTS
    • B32BLAYERED PRODUCTS, i.e. PRODUCTS BUILT-UP OF STRATA OF FLAT OR NON-FLAT, e.g. CELLULAR OR HONEYCOMB, FORM
    • B32B2307/00Properties of the layers or laminate
    • B32B2307/70Other properties
    • B32B2307/714Inert, i.e. inert to chemical degradation, corrosion
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  • Life Sciences & Earth Sciences (AREA)
  • Environmental Sciences (AREA)
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  • Ceramic Engineering (AREA)
  • Cultivation Receptacles Or Flower-Pots, Or Pots For Seedlings (AREA)

Abstract

本发明提供了一种土壤长效保湿、防虫的硅藻泥塑料花盆及制备方法。将树脂及助剂熔化后分别注入外层模具,冷却成型后底部开孔并铺设玻璃纤维布,得到塑料花棚外层,接着外层内侧铺设海绵形成第二保水层,将吸水性树脂、镭石粉、电气石粉及偶联剂注塑成型得到的第一保水层在第二保水层紧密贴合,再将注塑得到的内层开孔并填充硅藻土,两侧粘贴玻璃纤维布后与第一保水层贴合,即得具有长效保湿、防虫功能的硅藻泥塑料花盆。该方法通过两层保水层可以使得盆内土壤长效保湿,第一保水层的镭石粉和电气石产生的氧负离子可净化水和土壤,防止细菌的滋生,内层硅藻土可调节土壤湿度并起到杀虫作用,保证花卉的正常生长,并且制备过程简单,原料易得,成本低,应用前景较好。

Description

一种土壤长效保湿、防虫的硅藻泥塑料花盆及制备方法
技术领域
本发明涉及花卉种植领域,具体涉及在花盆设置含有保水层的夹层,特别是涉及一种土壤长效保湿、防虫的硅藻泥塑料花盆及制备方法。
背景技术
随着人们生活水平的提高,花卉对生活环境的改善作用越来越明显,越来越多的人开始关注花卉。我国已经是世界花卉种植面积最大的国家,改革开放以来,花卉业迅猛崛起,成为我国种植业中发展速度最快的新兴产业。花卉作为商品已走进千家万户,成为人民生活不可缺少的消费品。特别是盆栽花卉,在人们生活中扮演着越来越重要的作用,不但可以陶冶高尚情操、增添生活情趣,激发对生活的情感,还可以装点空间,舒缓人们紧张的情绪。绿色植物不但可以吸收二氧化碳释放氧气,许多植物还可以吸收空气中的有害气体,使人健康生活改善人们居住的生活环境。因此,盆栽花卉越来越受到人们的青睐。
在花卉的栽培中,浇水通常是一个不可缺少的环节。在花卉生长中水分是不可缺少的,整株花卉中由水组成的部分在8%以上。水分可以溶解土壤之中的养分,促进花卉对营养的充分吸收和利用,而且还可以通过叶面的蒸腾作用来协调花卉的生长,特别是花盆装土的容积是有限的,非常容易干裂。因此,在盆栽花卉中浇水也是一项经常性的工作。由于花草生长问题80%以上是由花卉浇灌问题引起,盆花浇水量是否能做到适时适量,是养花成败的关键。但是,在生活中人们总是会有无暇顾及的时候,比如工作太忙或者出差、旅游等。目前室内盆栽花卉一天必须浇水两到三次,否者花卉会枯萎甚至死亡,一旦有事外出,不能够及时浇水,会造成花卉的枯萎和死亡。经常浇水,水量不易控制,会产生水资源的浪费。另外土壤内病虫害以及细菌的滋生也是威胁花卉健康成长的重要因素。因此,在盆栽花卉种植中,重点是对浇水、防虫、防菌方面技术的研究。
中国发明专利申请号201610247826.7公开了一种能够湿度保持的保湿花盆,盆沿与盆体连为一体,其特征在于,盆体为双层中空结构,中间设有夹层,夹层内装有水;盆体的内壁上设有出水孔,出水孔上设有电磁阀;盆体的内壁上设有湿度传感器,再设置控制器与太阳能电池板。
中国发明专利申请号201620421655.0公开了一种保温补光保湿花盆,花盆主体为双层结构,内层缠绕加热电阻丝;花盆上沿设置若干LED;花盆主体外层底部开设进水口,喷水支杆一端连接进水口,并穿过内层与外层之间的空间,从花盆上沿伸出,喷水支杆另一端接喷头。
中国发明专利申请号201620768580.3公开了一种灭虫防虫花盆,包括盆体和设置在盆体上方的盆盖,盆盖由两个对称的半圆环组成,两个半圆环的一端端部通过铰链转动连接,半圆环上设有凹槽,凹槽上放置有杀虫剂。
中国发明专利申请号201620087237.2公开了一种带杀菌防病的花盆,包括花盆本体,花盆本体底部开设有透气孔,花盆本体内设置有若干层杀菌网,杀菌网的表面涂覆有一层纳米银杀菌层。
根据上述,现有方案中盆栽花卉因浇水问题易导致花卉枯萎死亡,花盆内土壤湿度、虫害、细菌等问题影响花卉植物的正常生长,目前虽然通过改善花盆结构可保持一定湿度,但无法解决盆内微生物的滋生问题,进而腐蚀植物根系,影响植物的生长,鉴于此,本发明提出了一种土壤长效保湿、防虫的硅藻泥塑料花盆及制备方法,可有效解决上述技术问题。
发明内容
针对目前应用较广的用于盆栽花卉的花盆存在保水性差的缺陷,而传统的改善花盆结构的方法随可保持一定湿度,但无法针对不同植物保持特定湿度,也无法解决病虫等微生物滋生影响植物生长的问题,无法兼具保湿、防虫及杀菌功能,本发明提出一种土壤长效保湿、防虫的硅藻泥塑料花盆及制备方法,从而有效实现了对花盆内土壤的湿度的调节,并且可以杀死部分病虫,保证花卉正常生长。
本发明涉及的具体技术方案如下:
一种土壤长效保湿、防虫的硅藻泥塑料花盆,所述塑料花盆从外到里依次为:外层、第二保水层、第一保水层、内层;
所述外层为塑料层,底部设置排水小孔,内侧铺设玻璃纤维布;
所述第二保水层为海绵层;
所述第一保水层为吸水性树脂、镭石粉及电气石粉混合层;
所述内层为塑料层,含有贯通微孔,微孔内填充硅藻土,两侧粘贴玻璃纤维布;
具体制备包括以下步骤:
(1)将树脂及助剂混合均匀,加入注塑机,熔化后注入外层模具,冷却成型,采用塑料开孔器在成型件底部开孔,并铺设玻璃纤维布,得到塑料花盆外层;
(2)在步骤(1)所得的外层内侧铺设海绵,压实,使海绵与外层紧密贴合,得到第二保水层;
(3)将吸水性树脂、镭石粉、电气石粉及偶联剂在混合机中预混均匀,加入注塑机,熔化后注入保水层模具,冷却成型,与步骤(2)所得的第二保水层紧密贴合,制得第一保水层;
(4)将树脂及助剂混合均匀,加入注塑机,熔化后注入内层磨具,冷却成型,采用塑料开孔器在侧壁和底部开孔,获得贯通微孔,将硅藻土填充于微孔内,并在内层两侧粘接玻璃纤维布,并与第一保水层紧密贴合,即得具有长效保湿、防虫功能的硅藻泥塑料花盆。
优选的,所述外层及内层的塑料为聚氯乙烯、聚乙烯或聚丙烯中的至少一种。
优选的,所述玻璃纤维布的经纬密度为12×12根/cm ~18×18根/cm,厚度为0.2~0.4mm。
优选的,所述吸水性树脂为淀粉系吸水性树脂、纤维素系吸水性树脂或蛋白质系吸水性树脂中的至少一种。
优选的,所述镭石粉颗粒粒径为400~800目。
优选的,所述电气石粉为800~1250目。
优选的,所述硅藻土比表面积为40~70m2/g,孔体积0.5~1m3/g。
优选的,所述助剂为颜料、增韧剂、增强剂、抗老化剂或增塑剂中的一种或几种。
优选的,所述注塑机为立式注塑机、卧式注塑机或角式注塑机中的一种,螺杆直径为25~30mm,螺杆转速为150~200r/min。
优选的,所述花盆外层底部小孔呈梅花形布置,孔径为2~4mm,孔间距为20~30mm。
优选的,所述花盆内层侧壁及底部微孔呈梅花形布置,孔径为2~3mm,孔间距为8~15mm。
优选的,所述玻璃纤维布粘接采用丙烯酸酯类胶粘剂、聚氨酯类胶粘剂、环氧树脂胶粘剂或乙烯-醋酸乙烯类胶粘剂中的至少一种。
优选的,所述塑料花盆外层厚度为0.8~1.2mm,第二保水层厚度为1.5~2mm,第一保水层厚度为1~1.5mm,内层厚度为0.8~1.2mm。
本发明第一保水层中含有的镭石粉和电气石都能够自发的产生氧负离子,净化保水层内的水,防止细菌的滋生,并且通过水溶液进入土壤中还能够清洁土壤;本发明能够保持花盆中的土壤长时间维持稳定的湿度,针对不同的植物通过改变微孔内硅藻土的含量来调节土壤的湿度;微孔中的硅藻土能够杀死部分土壤中的虫子、保证花卉的正常生长。将本发明制备的硅藻泥塑料花盆,与普通塑料花盆、普通陶瓷花盆及普通瓦盆进行对比,在湿度调节性能、防虫性能及除菌性能上,具有明显的优势
本发明提供了一种土壤长效保湿、防虫的硅藻泥塑料花盆及制备方法,与现有技术相比,其突出的特点和优异的效果在于:
1、提出了采用设置含有保水层的夹层制备土壤长效保湿、防虫的硅藻泥塑料花盆的方法。
2、通过第一保水层中含有的镭石粉和电气石产生的氧负离子,净化保水层内的水,防止细菌的滋生,并且通过水溶液进入土壤中,起到清洁土壤的作用。
3、通过两层保水层可以使得盆内土壤长久保持稳定湿度,内层微孔内硅藻土的含量可以有效调节土壤的湿度,同时能够杀死部分土壤中的虫子,保证花卉的正常生长。
4、本发明的制备过程简单,原料易得,成本低,应用前景较好。
具体实施方式
以下通过具体实施方式对本发明作进一步的详细说明,但不应将此理解为本发明的范围仅限于以下的实例。在不脱离本发明上述方法思想的情况下,根据本领域普通技术知识和惯用手段做出的各种替换或变更,均应包含在本发明的范围内。
实施例1
花盆结构为:
从外到里依次为:外层、第二保水层、第一保水层、内层;
外层为塑料层,底部设置排水小孔,内侧铺设玻璃纤维布;第二保水层为海绵层;第一保水层为吸水性树脂、镭石粉及电气石粉混合层;内层为塑料层,含有贯通微孔,微孔内填充硅藻土,两侧粘贴玻璃纤维布;
外层及内层的塑料为聚氯乙烯;玻璃纤维布的经纬密度为15×15根/cm,平均厚度为0.3mm;吸水性树脂为淀粉系吸水性树脂;
制备过程为:
(1)将树脂及助剂混合均匀,加入注塑机,熔化后注入外层模具,冷却成型,采用塑料开孔器在成型件底部开孔,并铺设玻璃纤维布,得到塑料花盆外层;助剂为颜料、增韧剂;注塑机为立式注塑机,螺杆直径为28mm,螺杆转速为180r/min;花盆外层底部小孔呈梅花形布置,孔径为3mm,孔间距为25mm;外层厚度为1mm;
(2)在步骤(1)所得的外层内侧铺设海绵,压实,使海绵与外层紧密贴合,得到第二保水层;第二保水层厚度为1.8mm;
(3)将吸水性树脂、镭石粉、电气石粉及偶联剂在混合机中预混均匀,加入注塑机,熔化后注入保水层模具,冷却成型,与步骤(2)所得的第二保水层紧密贴合,制得第一保水层;第一保水层厚度为1.2mm;
(4)将树脂及助剂混合均匀,加入注塑机,熔化后注入内层磨具,冷却成型,采用塑料开孔器在侧壁和底部开孔,获得贯通微孔,将硅藻土填充于微孔内,并在内层两侧粘接玻璃纤维布,并与第一保水层紧密贴合,即得具有长效保湿、防虫功能的硅藻泥塑料花盆;盆内层侧壁及底部微孔呈梅花形布置,孔径为2mm,孔间距为12mm;玻璃纤维布粘接采用丙烯酸酯类胶粘剂;内层厚度1mm;
实施例1制备的硅藻泥塑料花盆,其湿度调节性能、防虫性能及除菌性能如表2所示。
实施例2
花盆结构为:
从外到里依次为:外层、第二保水层、第一保水层、内层;
外层为塑料层,底部设置排水小孔,内侧铺设玻璃纤维布;第二保水层为海绵层;第一保水层为吸水性树脂、镭石粉及电气石粉混合层;内层为塑料层,含有贯通微孔,微孔内填充硅藻土,两侧粘贴玻璃纤维布;
外层及内层的塑料为聚乙烯;玻璃纤维布的经纬密度为12×12根/cm,平均厚度为0.2mm;吸水性树脂为纤维素系吸水性树脂;
制备过程为:
(1)将树脂及助剂混合均匀,加入注塑机,熔化后注入外层模具,冷却成型,采用塑料开孔器在成型件底部开孔,并铺设玻璃纤维布,得到塑料花盆外层;助剂为增强剂;注塑机为卧式注塑机,螺杆直径为25mm,螺杆转速为150r/min;花盆外层底部小孔呈梅花形布置,孔径为2mm,孔间距为20mm; 外层厚度为0.8mm;
(2)在步骤(1)所得的外层内侧铺设海绵,压实,使海绵与外层紧密贴合,得到第二保水层;第二保水层厚度为1.5mm;
(3)将吸水性树脂、镭石粉、电气石粉及偶联剂在混合机中预混均匀,加入注塑机,熔化后注入保水层模具,冷却成型,与步骤(2)所得的第二保水层紧密贴合,制得第一保水层;第一保水层厚度为1mm;
(4)将树脂及助剂混合均匀,加入注塑机,熔化后注入内层磨具,冷却成型,采用塑料开孔器在侧壁和底部开孔,获得贯通微孔,将硅藻土填充于微孔内,并在内层两侧粘接玻璃纤维布,并与第一保水层紧密贴合,即得具有长效保湿、防虫功能的硅藻泥塑料花盆;盆内层侧壁及底部微孔呈梅花形布置,孔径为2mm,孔间距为8mm;玻璃纤维布粘接采用聚氨酯类胶粘剂;内层厚度为0.8mm;
实施例2制备的硅藻泥塑料花盆,其湿度调节性能、防虫性能及除菌性能如表2所示。
实施例3
花盆结构为:
从外到里依次为:外层、第二保水层、第一保水层、内层;
外层为塑料层,底部设置排水小孔,内侧铺设玻璃纤维布;第二保水层为海绵层;第一保水层为吸水性树脂、镭石粉及电气石粉混合层;内层为塑料层,含有贯通微孔,微孔内填充硅藻土,两侧粘贴玻璃纤维布;
外层及内层的塑料聚丙烯;玻璃纤维布的经纬密度为18×18根/cm,平均厚度为0.4mm;吸水性树脂为蛋白质系吸水性树脂;
制备过程为:
(1)将树脂及助剂混合均匀,加入注塑机,熔化后注入外层模具,冷却成型,采用塑料开孔器在成型件底部开孔,并铺设玻璃纤维布,得到塑料花盆外层;助剂为抗老化剂;注塑机为角式注塑机,螺杆直径为30mm,螺杆转速为200r/min;花盆外层底部小孔呈梅花形布置,孔径为4mm,孔间距为30mm;外层厚度为1.2mm;
(2)在步骤(1)所得的外层内侧铺设海绵,压实,使海绵与外层紧密贴合,得到第二保水层;第二保水层厚度为2mm;
(3)将吸水性树脂、镭石粉、电气石粉及偶联剂在混合机中预混均匀,加入注塑机,熔化后注入保水层模具,冷却成型,与步骤(2)所得的第二保水层紧密贴合,制得第一保水层;第一保水层厚度为1.5mm;
(4)将树脂及助剂混合均匀,加入注塑机,熔化后注入内层磨具,冷却成型,采用塑料开孔器在侧壁和底部开孔,获得贯通微孔,将硅藻土填充于微孔内,并在内层两侧粘接玻璃纤维布,并与第一保水层紧密贴合,即得具有长效保湿、防虫功能的硅藻泥塑料花盆;盆内层侧壁及底部微孔呈梅花形布置,孔径为3mm,孔间距为15mm;玻璃纤维布粘接采用环氧树脂胶粘剂;内层厚度为1.2mm;
实施例3制备的硅藻泥塑料花盆,其湿度调节性能、防虫性能及除菌性能如表2所示。
实施例4
花盆结构为:
从外到里依次为:外层、第二保水层、第一保水层、内层;
外层为塑料层,底部设置排水小孔,内侧铺设玻璃纤维布;第二保水层为海绵层;第一保水层为吸水性树脂、镭石粉及电气石粉混合层;内层为塑料层,含有贯通微孔,微孔内填充硅藻土,两侧粘贴玻璃纤维布;
外层及内层的塑料为聚氯乙烯;玻璃纤维布的经纬密度为14×14根/cm,平均厚度为0.2mm;吸水性树脂为淀粉系吸水性树脂;
制备过程为:
(1)将树脂及助剂混合均匀,加入注塑机,熔化后注入外层模具,冷却成型,采用塑料开孔器在成型件底部开孔,并铺设玻璃纤维布,得到塑料花盆外层;助剂为增塑剂;注塑机为立式注塑机,螺杆直径为28mm,螺杆转速为160r/min;花盆外层底部小孔呈梅花形布置,孔径为3mm,孔间距为22mm;外层厚度为0.9mm;
(2)在步骤(1)所得的外层内侧铺设海绵,压实,使海绵与外层紧密贴合,得到第二保水层;第二保水层厚度为1.6mm;
(3)将吸水性树脂、镭石粉、电气石粉及偶联剂在混合机中预混均匀,加入注塑机,熔化后注入保水层模具,冷却成型,与步骤(2)所得的第二保水层紧密贴合,制得第一保水层;第一保水层厚度为1.2mm;
(4)将树脂及助剂混合均匀,加入注塑机,熔化后注入内层磨具,冷却成型,采用塑料开孔器在侧壁和底部开孔,获得贯通微孔,将硅藻土填充于微孔内,并在内层两侧粘接玻璃纤维布,并与第一保水层紧密贴合,即得具有长效保湿、防虫功能的硅藻泥塑料花盆;盆内层侧壁及底部微孔呈梅花形布置,孔径为2mm,孔间距为10mm;玻璃纤维布粘接采用乙烯-醋酸乙烯类胶粘剂;内层厚度为0.9mm;
实施例4制备的硅藻泥塑料花盆,其湿度调节性能、防虫性能及除菌性能如表2所示。
实施例5
花盆结构为:
从外到里依次为:外层、第二保水层、第一保水层、内层;
外层为塑料层,底部设置排水小孔,内侧铺设玻璃纤维布;第二保水层为海绵层;第一保水层为吸水性树脂、镭石粉及电气石粉混合层;内层为塑料层,含有贯通微孔,微孔内填充硅藻土,两侧粘贴玻璃纤维布;
外层及内层的塑料为聚乙烯;玻璃纤维布的经纬密度为16×16根/cm,平均厚度为0.4mm;吸水性树脂为纤维素系吸水性树脂;
制备过程为:
(1)将树脂及助剂混合均匀,加入注塑机,熔化后注入外层模具,冷却成型,采用塑料开孔器在成型件底部开孔,并铺设玻璃纤维布,得到塑料花盆外层;助剂为颜料、增强剂;注塑机为卧式注塑机,螺杆直径为28mm,螺杆转速为190r/min;花盆外层底部小孔呈梅花形布置,孔径为4mm,孔间距为28mm;外层厚度为1.2mm;
(2)在步骤(1)所得的外层内侧铺设海绵,压实,使海绵与外层紧密贴合,得到第二保水层;第二保水层厚度为1.8mm;
(3)将吸水性树脂、镭石粉、电气石粉及偶联剂在混合机中预混均匀,加入注塑机,熔化后注入保水层模具,冷却成型,与步骤(2)所得的第二保水层紧密贴合,制得第一保水层;第一保水层厚度为1.2mm;
(4)将树脂及助剂混合均匀,加入注塑机,熔化后注入内层磨具,冷却成型,采用塑料开孔器在侧壁和底部开孔,获得贯通微孔,将硅藻土填充于微孔内,并在内层两侧粘接玻璃纤维布,并与第一保水层紧密贴合,即得具有长效保湿、防虫功能的硅藻泥塑料花盆;盆内层侧壁及底部微孔呈梅花形布置,孔径为3mm,孔间距为12mm;玻璃纤维布粘接采用丙烯酸酯类胶粘剂;内层厚度为1.2mm;
实施例5制备的硅藻泥塑料花盆,其湿度调节性能、防虫性能及除菌性能如表2所示。
实施例6
花盆结构为:
从外到里依次为:外层、第二保水层、第一保水层、内层;
外层为塑料层,底部设置排水小孔,内侧铺设玻璃纤维布;第二保水层为海绵层;第一保水层为吸水性树脂、镭石粉及电气石粉混合层;内层为塑料层,含有贯通微孔,微孔内填充硅藻土,两侧粘贴玻璃纤维布;
外层及内层的塑料为聚丙烯;玻璃纤维布的经纬密度为15×15根/cm,平均厚度为0.3mm;吸水性树脂为蛋白质系吸水性树脂;
制备过程为:
(1)将树脂及助剂混合均匀,加入注塑机,熔化后注入外层模具,冷却成型,采用塑料开孔器在成型件底部开孔,并铺设玻璃纤维布,得到塑料花盆外层;助剂为颜料、增塑剂;注塑机为角式注塑机,螺杆直径为28mm,螺杆转速为200r/min;花盆外层底部小孔呈梅花形布置,孔径为3mm,孔间距为22mm;外层厚度为1mm;
(2)在步骤(1)所得的外层内侧铺设海绵,压实,使海绵与外层紧密贴合,得到第二保水层;第二保水层厚度为1.5mm;
(3)将吸水性树脂、镭石粉、电气石粉及偶联剂在混合机中预混均匀,加入注塑机,熔化后注入保水层模具,冷却成型,与步骤(2)所得的第二保水层紧密贴合,制得第一保水层;第一保水层厚度为1.2mm;
(4)将树脂及助剂混合均匀,加入注塑机,熔化后注入内层磨具,冷却成型,采用塑料开孔器在侧壁和底部开孔,获得贯通微孔,将硅藻土填充于微孔内,并在内层两侧粘接玻璃纤维布,并与第一保水层紧密贴合,即得具有长效保湿、防虫功能的硅藻泥塑料花盆;盆内层侧壁及底部微孔呈梅花形布置,孔径为3mm,孔间距为10mm;玻璃纤维布粘接采用环氧树脂胶粘剂;内层厚度为1mm;
实施例6制备的硅藻泥塑料花盆,其湿度调节性能、防虫性能及除菌性能如表2所示。
对比例1
花盆结构为:
从外到里依次为:外层、第一保水层、内层;
外层为塑料层,底部设置排水小孔,内侧铺设玻璃纤维布;第一保水层为吸水性树脂、镭石粉及电气石粉混合层;内层为塑料层,含有贯通微孔,微孔内填充硅藻土,两侧粘贴玻璃纤维布;
外层及内层的塑料为聚丙烯;玻璃纤维布的经纬密度为15×15根/cm,平均厚度为0.3mm;吸水性树脂为蛋白质系吸水性树脂;
制备过程为:
(1)将树脂及助剂混合均匀,加入注塑机,熔化后注入外层模具,冷却成型,采用塑料开孔器在成型件底部开孔,并铺设玻璃纤维布,得到塑料花盆外层;助剂为颜料、增塑剂;注塑机为角式注塑机,螺杆直径为28mm,螺杆转速为200r/min;花盆外层底部小孔呈梅花形布置,孔径为3mm,孔间距为22mm;外层厚度为1mm;
(2)将吸水性树脂、镭石粉、电气石粉及偶联剂在混合机中预混均匀,加入注塑机,熔化后注入保水层模具,冷却成型,与步骤(1)所得的外层紧密贴合,制得第一保水层;第一保水层厚度为1.2mm;
(3)将树脂及助剂混合均匀,加入注塑机,熔化后注入内层磨具,冷却成型,采用塑料开孔器在侧壁和底部开孔,获得贯通微孔,将硅藻土填充于微孔内,并在内层两侧粘接玻璃纤维布,并与第一保水层紧密贴合,即得具有长效保湿、防虫功能的硅藻泥塑料花盆;盆内层侧壁及底部微孔呈梅花形布置,孔径为3mm,孔间距为10mm;玻璃纤维布粘接采用环氧树脂胶粘剂;内层厚度为1mm;
对比例1制备的硅藻泥塑料花盆,其湿度调节性能、防虫性能及除菌性能如表2所示。
对比例2
花盆结构为:
从外到里依次为:外层、第二保水层、内层;
外层为塑料层,底部设置排水小孔,内侧铺设玻璃纤维布;第二保水层为海绵层;内层为塑料层,含有贯通微孔,微孔内填充硅藻土,两侧粘贴玻璃纤维布;
外层及内层的塑料为聚丙烯;玻璃纤维布的经纬密度为15×15根/cm,平均厚度为0.3mm;
制备过程为:
(1)将树脂及助剂混合均匀,加入注塑机,熔化后注入外层模具,冷却成型,采用塑料开孔器在成型件底部开孔,并铺设玻璃纤维布,得到塑料花盆外层;助剂为颜料、增塑剂;注塑机为角式注塑机,螺杆直径为28mm,螺杆转速为200r/min;花盆外层底部小孔呈梅花形布置,孔径为3mm,孔间距为22mm;外层厚度为1mm;
(2)在步骤(1)所得的外层内侧铺设海绵,压实,使海绵与外层紧密贴合,得到第二保水层;第二保水层厚度为1.5mm;
(3)将树脂及助剂混合均匀,加入注塑机,熔化后注入内层磨具,冷却成型,采用塑料开孔器在侧壁和底部开孔,获得贯通微孔,将硅藻土填充于微孔内,并在内层两侧粘接玻璃纤维布,并与第二保水层紧密贴合,即得具有长效保湿、防虫功能的硅藻泥塑料花盆;盆内层侧壁及底部微孔呈梅花形布置,孔径为3mm,孔间距为10mm;玻璃纤维布粘接采用环氧树脂胶粘剂;内层厚度为1mm;
对比例2制备的硅藻泥塑料花盆,其湿度调节性能、防虫性能及除菌性能如表2所示。
表2:
性能指标 实施例1 实施例2 实施例3 实施例4 实施例5 实施例6 对比例1 对比例2
保湿和湿度调节性能 较差 一般
虫害率(%) <3 <3 <3 <3 <3 <3 3~5 3~5
除菌率(%) >90 >90 >90 >90 >90 >90 80~90 50~60

Claims (9)

1.一种土壤长效保湿、防虫的硅藻泥塑料花盆,其特征在于:所述塑料花盆从外到里依次为:外层、第二保水层、第一保水层、内层;
所述外层为塑料层,底部设置排水小孔,内侧铺设玻璃纤维布;
所述第二保水层为海绵层;
所述第一保水层为吸水性树脂、镭石粉及电气石粉混合层;
所述内层为塑料层,含有贯通微孔,微孔内填充硅藻土,两侧粘贴玻璃纤维布;
所述塑料花盆由如下方法制备得到:
(1)将树脂及助剂混合均匀,加入注塑机,熔化后注入外层模具,冷却成型,采用塑料开孔器在成型件底部开孔,并铺设玻璃纤维布,得到塑料花盆外层;
(2)在步骤(1)所得的外层内侧铺设海绵,压实,使海绵与外层紧密贴合,得到第二保水层;
(3)将吸水性树脂、镭石粉、电气石粉及偶联剂在混合机中预混均匀,加入注塑机,熔化后注入保水层模具,冷却成型,与步骤(2)所得的第二保水层紧密贴合,制得第一保水层;
(4)将树脂及助剂混合均匀,加入注塑机,熔化后注入内层磨具,冷却成型,采用塑料开孔器在侧壁和底部开孔,获得贯通微孔,将硅藻土填充于微孔内,并在内层两侧粘接玻璃纤维布,并与第一保水层紧密贴合,即得具有长效保湿、防虫功能的硅藻泥塑料花盆。
2.根据权利要求1所述一种土壤长效保湿、防虫的硅藻泥塑料花盆,其特征在于:所述外层及内层的塑料为聚氯乙烯、聚乙烯或聚丙烯中的至少一种。
3.根据权利要求1所述一种土壤长效保湿、防虫的硅藻泥塑料花盆,其特征在于:所述玻璃纤维布的经纬密度为12×12根/cm ~18×18根/cm,厚度为0.2~0.4mm。
4.根据权利要求1所述一种土壤长效保湿、防虫的硅藻泥塑料花盆,其特征在于:所述吸水性树脂为淀粉系吸水性树脂、纤维素系吸水性树脂或蛋白质系吸水性树脂中的至少一种;所述镭石粉颗粒粒径为400~800目;所述电气石粉为800~1250目;所述硅藻土比表面积为40~70m2/g,孔体积0.5~1m3/g;所述助剂为颜料、增韧剂、增强剂、抗老化剂或增塑剂中的一种或几种。
5.根据权利要求1所述一种土壤长效保湿、防虫的硅藻泥塑料花盆,其特征在于:所述注塑机为立式注塑机、卧式注塑机或角式注塑机中的一种,螺杆直径为25~30mm,螺杆转速为150~200r/min。
6.根据权利要求1所述一种土壤长效保湿、防虫的硅藻泥塑料花盆的制备方法,其特征在于:所述花盆外层底部小孔呈梅花形布置,孔径为2~4mm,孔间距为20~30mm。
7.根据权利要求1所述一种土壤长效保湿、防虫的硅藻泥塑料花盆,其特征在于:所述花盆内层侧壁及底部微孔呈梅花形布置,孔径为2~3mm,孔间距为8~15mm。
8.根据权利要求1所述一种土壤长效保湿、防虫的硅藻泥塑料花盆,其特征在于:所述玻璃纤维布粘接采用丙烯酸酯类胶粘剂、聚氨酯类胶粘剂、环氧树脂胶粘剂或乙烯-醋酸乙烯类胶粘剂中的至少一种。
9.根据权利要求1~8任一项所述一种土壤长效保湿、防虫的硅藻泥塑料花盆,其特征在于:所述塑料花盆外层厚度为0.8~1.2mm,第二保水层厚度为1.5~2mm,第一保水层厚度为1~1.5mm,内层厚度为0.8~1.2mm。
CN201810044453.2A 2018-01-17 2018-01-17 一种土壤长效保湿、防虫的硅藻泥塑料花盆及制备方法 Withdrawn CN108207405A (zh)

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CN109906819A (zh) * 2019-04-23 2019-06-21 宝盈联华(厦门)生物科技有限公司 一种基于硅碳岩的插入式盆栽灭菌增养器
CN110002632A (zh) * 2019-04-23 2019-07-12 宝盈联华(厦门)生物科技有限公司 一种宠物用灭菌洗澡用具

Cited By (3)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
CN109906819A (zh) * 2019-04-23 2019-06-21 宝盈联华(厦门)生物科技有限公司 一种基于硅碳岩的插入式盆栽灭菌增养器
CN110002632A (zh) * 2019-04-23 2019-07-12 宝盈联华(厦门)生物科技有限公司 一种宠物用灭菌洗澡用具
CN109906819B (zh) * 2019-04-23 2021-06-04 宝盈联华(厦门)生物科技有限公司 一种基于硅碳岩的插入式盆栽灭菌增养器

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