CN108199397B - Configuration method and device of energy storage battery pack - Google Patents
Configuration method and device of energy storage battery pack Download PDFInfo
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- WHXSMMKQMYFTQS-UHFFFAOYSA-N Lithium Chemical compound [Li] WHXSMMKQMYFTQS-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- HBBGRARXTFLTSG-UHFFFAOYSA-N Lithium ion Chemical compound [Li+] HBBGRARXTFLTSG-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
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Abstract
本发明公开了一种储能电池组的配置方法和装置。该方法包括：通过并联电池组仿真系统建立多组合电池组电流仿真模型；通过多次电池整合成组仿真得到基于统计的衰退规律；根据衰退规律确定电池使用的安全温度和电池的使用寿命；根据电池使用的安全温度和电池的使用寿命配置充电站中的储能电池。通过本发明，达到了提高储能电池的可靠性和利用率的效果。
The invention discloses a configuration method and device of an energy storage battery pack. The method includes: establishing a multi-combination battery pack current simulation model through a parallel battery pack simulation system; obtaining a statistical-based decay law through multiple battery integration group simulations; The safe temperature for the battery to use and the service life of the battery configure the energy storage battery in the charging station. Through the present invention, the effect of improving the reliability and utilization rate of the energy storage battery is achieved.
Description
Technical Field
The invention relates to the field of electric power, in particular to a configuration method and a configuration device of an energy storage battery pack.
Background
Due to the volatility, intermittency and randomness of the distributed power sources (such as wind power generation systems and photovoltaic power generation systems), the operation stability of a power grid is seriously influenced by large-scale grid-connected operation. The energy storage technology is a key technology for renewable energy power generation grid connection and smart grid construction. Compared with other energy storage methods, the lithium ion battery has high energy and high efficiency, is suitable for multiple purposes, and occupies a crucial position in power grid energy storage application.
In both the series connection mode and the parallel connection mode, due to the existence of unbalanced problems (voltage, temperature, SOC and the like) of the battery pack, the series-parallel connection grouped batteries are not superior to single batteries in the aspects of available capacity, output power, service life and the like, and main factors influencing the performance of the batteries come from the inconsistency of the batteries, on one hand, the inconsistency comes from the inconsistency caused by the manufacturing process of the battery cell, and urgent needs are provided for researching the influence of the consistency of the batteries; on the other hand, due to the difference of the use environment and the working condition among the single batteries, the battery degradation rates are different. Consistency makes the use of batteries after grouping more complicated and increases the difficulty of battery management and control. If the simple terminal voltage-based state estimation and charge-discharge control mode is adopted for the single battery, the use safety of the battery cannot be effectively ensured; however, if the voltage control of a single battery is adopted, the capacity of the battery cannot be effectively utilized, and the high efficiency of the battery in the using process cannot be guaranteed. Meanwhile, practice proves that when the performance of individual batteries in the battery pack is greatly reduced, the whole battery pack can be scrapped in a short time, and in a more serious condition, a large amount of heat generated by the monomers with greatly reduced performance is generated in the whole battery pack using process, so that the batteries are burnt and even explode, and safety accidents are caused.
Aiming at the problem of low reliability and utilization rate of energy storage batteries in the related art, no effective solution is provided at present.
Disclosure of Invention
The invention mainly aims to provide a configuration method and a configuration device of an energy storage battery pack, so as to solve the problems of low reliability and low utilization rate of an energy storage battery.
In order to achieve the above object, according to an aspect of the present invention, there is provided a method of configuring an energy storage battery pack, comprising: establishing a current simulation model of the multi-combination battery pack through a parallel battery pack simulation system; integrating the batteries into a group for multiple times to simulate to obtain a decay rule based on statistics; determining the safe temperature for using the battery and the service life of the battery according to the decay rule; and configuring an energy storage battery in the charging station according to the safe temperature of the battery and the service life of the battery.
Further, after the multi-combined battery pack current simulation model is established by the parallel battery pack simulation system, the method further comprises the following steps: carrying out use condition boundary control on the battery pack to obtain the running state parameters of the battery pack; determining the alarm level of the battery pack according to the operation state parameters; and replacing the minimum unit of the energy storage battery in the charging station according to the alarm level.
Further, obtaining a regression rule based on statistics through multiple battery integration grouping simulations includes: taking the obtained regional air temperature of the battery pack as a temperature condition parameter of the battery pack in simulation; and performing multiple battery integration grouping simulation based on the temperature condition parameters to obtain a decay rule based on statistics.
Further, configuring the energy storage battery in the charging station according to the safe temperature of the battery usage and the service life of the battery comprises: and under the condition that the distance between the service life of the battery and the service life of the battery is less than or equal to the preset time, replacing the energy storage battery in the charging station.
In order to achieve the above object, according to another aspect of the present invention, there is provided a configuration apparatus of an energy storage battery pack, including: the establishing unit is used for establishing a multi-combined battery pack current simulation model through a parallel battery pack simulation system; the simulation unit is used for integrating the batteries into a group for multiple times to simulate so as to obtain a decay rule based on statistics; the determining unit is used for determining the safe temperature for using the battery and the service life of the battery according to the decline rule; and the configuration unit is used for configuring the energy storage battery in the charging station according to the safe temperature of the battery and the service life of the battery.
Further, the apparatus further comprises: the control unit is used for carrying out service condition boundary control on the battery pack to obtain the running state parameters of the battery pack after establishing a multi-combination battery pack current simulation model through the parallel battery pack simulation system; the determining unit is used for determining the alarm level of the battery pack according to the operation state parameters; and the replacing unit is used for replacing the minimum unit of the energy storage battery in the charging station according to the alarm level.
Further, the simulation unit is configured to: taking the obtained regional air temperature of the battery pack as a temperature condition parameter of the battery pack in simulation; and performing multiple battery integration grouping simulation based on the temperature condition parameters to obtain a decay rule based on statistics.
Further, the configuration unit is configured to: and under the condition that the distance between the service life of the battery and the service life of the battery is less than or equal to the preset time, replacing the energy storage battery in the charging station.
In order to achieve the above object, according to another aspect of the present invention, there is also provided a storage medium including a stored program, wherein when the program runs, a device in which the storage medium is located is controlled to execute the configuration method of the energy storage battery pack according to the present invention.
In order to achieve the above object, according to another aspect of the present invention, there is also provided a processor for executing a program, wherein the program executes the configuration method of the energy storage battery pack according to the present invention.
The method comprises the steps of establishing a current simulation model of the multi-combination battery pack through a parallel battery pack simulation system; integrating the batteries into a group for multiple times to simulate to obtain a decay rule based on statistics; determining the safe temperature for using the battery and the service life of the battery according to the decay rule; the energy storage battery in the charging station is configured according to the safe temperature of the battery and the service life of the battery, so that the problems of low reliability and low utilization rate of the energy storage battery are solved, and the effect of improving the reliability and the utilization rate of the energy storage battery is achieved.
Drawings
The accompanying drawings, which are incorporated in and constitute a part of this application, illustrate embodiments of the invention and, together with the description, serve to explain the invention and not to limit the invention. In the drawings:
fig. 1 is a flow chart of a method of configuring an energy storage battery pack according to an embodiment of the invention;
FIG. 2 is a schematic diagram of a series-parallel connection of computer-emulated batteries, in accordance with an embodiment of the present invention;
FIG. 3 is a schematic diagram of a hybrid series-parallel modular grouping in accordance with an embodiment of the present invention;
fig. 4 is a schematic diagram of a configuration device of an energy storage battery pack according to an embodiment of the invention.
Detailed Description
It should be noted that the embodiments and features of the embodiments in the present application may be combined with each other without conflict. The present invention will be described in detail below with reference to the embodiments with reference to the attached drawings.
In order to make the technical solutions better understood by those skilled in the art, the technical solutions in the embodiments of the present application will be clearly and completely described below with reference to the drawings in the embodiments of the present application, and it is obvious that the described embodiments are only partial embodiments of the present application, but not all embodiments. All other embodiments, which can be derived by a person skilled in the art from the embodiments given herein without making any creative effort, shall fall within the protection scope of the present application.
It should be noted that the terms "first," "second," and the like in the description and claims of this application and in the drawings described above are used for distinguishing between similar elements and not necessarily for describing a particular sequential or chronological order. It should be understood that the data so used may be interchanged under appropriate circumstances such that embodiments of the application described herein may be used. Furthermore, the terms "comprises," "comprising," and "having," and any variations thereof, are intended to cover a non-exclusive inclusion, such that a process, method, system, article, or apparatus that comprises a list of steps or elements is not necessarily limited to those steps or elements expressly listed, but may include other steps or elements not expressly listed or inherent to such process, method, article, or apparatus.
The embodiment of the invention provides a configuration method of an energy storage battery pack.
Fig. 1 is a flow chart of a configuration method of an energy storage battery pack according to an embodiment of the present invention, as shown in fig. 1, the method comprising the steps of:
step S102: establishing a current simulation model of the multi-combination battery pack through a parallel battery pack simulation system;
step S104: integrating the batteries into a group for multiple times to simulate to obtain a decay rule based on statistics;
step S106: determining the safe temperature for using the battery and the service life of the battery according to the decay rule;
step S108: and configuring an energy storage battery in the charging station according to the safe temperature of the battery and the service life of the battery.
The embodiment establishes a multi-combination battery pack current simulation model through a parallel battery pack simulation system; integrating the batteries into a group for multiple times to simulate to obtain a decay rule based on statistics; determining the safe temperature for using the battery and the service life of the battery according to the decay rule; the energy storage battery in the charging station is configured according to the safe temperature of the battery and the service life of the battery, so that the problems of low reliability and low utilization rate of the energy storage battery are solved, and the effect of improving the reliability and the utilization rate of the energy storage battery is achieved.
Optionally, after the multi-combined battery pack current simulation model is established by the parallel battery pack simulation system, the method further includes: carrying out use condition boundary control on the battery pack to obtain the running state parameters of the battery pack; determining the alarm level of the battery pack according to the operation state parameters; and replacing the minimum unit of the energy storage battery in the charging station according to the alarm level.
Optionally, obtaining a decay rule based on statistics through multiple battery integration grouping simulations includes: taking the obtained regional air temperature of the battery pack as a temperature condition parameter of the battery pack in simulation; and performing multiple battery integration grouping simulation based on the temperature condition parameters to obtain a decay rule based on statistics.
Optionally, configuring the energy storage battery in the charging station according to the safe temperature of the battery and the service life of the battery includes: and under the condition that the service life of the battery is less than or equal to the preset time, the energy storage battery in the charging station is replaced.
The embodiment of the present invention also provides a preferred implementation manner, and the following describes the technical solution of the embodiment of the present invention with reference to the preferred implementation manner.
The energy storage batteries may be connected in parallel, each parallel branch may have unbalanced current in use due to the inconsistency of the batteries, the parallel branch current is simultaneously affected by the parameters of the branch and the currents of other branches, the inconsistency of the series battery pack is visually represented as inconsistent voltage, but the SOC inconsistency greatly affects the utilization rate of the battery capacity, and the inconsistency of the series and parallel battery packs is further affected by the temperature inconsistency. Due to the fact that influence factors are complex and inconsistent conditions of batteries are diversified, the performance influence factors of the series-parallel battery pack are analyzed by an experimental method to be incomplete, coupling factors of common actions are difficult to separate, and even a special battery combination is selected, so that the experimental result is difficult to represent the general condition. This also increases the complexity and difficulty of analyzing the series-parallel battery life affecting factors. The most effective method for solving the problem is to realize the current simulation of the multi-combined battery pack through a parallel battery pack simulation system, accurately describe the effect of a single parameter on the unbalanced current of the battery pack or obtain a decay rule based on statistics through the group simulation of a large number of batteries. The modeling simulation of the series-parallel battery pack is accurately carried out, the problems of current balance time, maximum unbalance degree and the like of a multi-parallel branch of a MW-level battery energy storage system are favorably researched, the problems of energy utilization rate and the like caused by monomer parameter difference of the series-parallel battery pack are favorably researched, and important theoretical basis can be provided for battery series-parallel optimized grouping screening, series-parallel battery pack performance evaluation and battery pack decline track control.
Fig. 2 is a schematic diagram of series-parallel connection of computer-simulated batteries according to an embodiment of the invention, in which a Simulink-based battery pack simulation model is established, and a battery circuit model state equation is solved by using an s-function, so as to obtain currents of all branches connected in parallel. The branch battery parameter calculation module firstly calculates the SOC of the single batteries in the charging and discharging process by using ampere-hour integration, then updates the sum of open-circuit voltages of the branch series battery packs by using the SOC states of the single batteries, obtains the ohmic voltage drop and the polarization state of the branch series battery packs by using statistics, and finally returns the parameters of the series battery packs to the parallel branch current calculation module.
Taking the parallel connection of k batteries as an example, the equivalent circuit model of the battery applies kirchhoff's current law to obtain a state differential equation set of the battery:
wherein up is a state variable, Rp and Cp are obtained by calculation through a circuit transient method, the current Ik of the kth branch can be solved through the up obtained in the last step, and the voltage of the ports of the parallel branches is equal to obtain:
RΩkIk-RΩ(k+1)Ik+1＝-upk+up(k+1)+Vocv(k+1)-Vocvk 2
the sum of the currents of the parallel branches is the total current:
I1+I2+...+Ik＝I 3
to facilitate the computer to solve for the branch current, the matrix expression is listed as follows:
solving by using a matlab matrix to obtain an Ik-substituted type 1 state differential equation set, solving the state equation set by using s-function to obtain a state variable up of each simulation step length, and further calculating to obtain each branch current in the charging and discharging process. The simulation method has the greatest advantage that the number k of the parallel branches is easily expanded, and the characteristics of the series battery pack are easily obtained by adding the external voltages Uo of the single batteries.
Firstly, aiming at a parallel battery pack, in order to be capable of visually knowing the change condition of unbalanced current and conveniently analyzing the reason of generating the unbalanced current, two 60Ah lithium iron phosphate aged batteries produced by ATL are selected to be connected in parallel for experiment, the capacities of the two batteries are respectively 52.7Ah and 50Ah, and the two batteries experience different decline paths, so that the parameter difference is large.
The series battery pack benefits from a single management mode of a battery management system, the abuse possibility of single batteries is greatly reduced, and the safety and the service life of the batteries are effectively improved. However, the method has a higher production process level in time, so that the influence of the initial inconsistency of mass-produced batteries on the battery capacity fading rate is lower, and the serial battery pack is more easily restricted by the short-plate batteries due to the difference, particularly the temperature difference, between the use process of the battery pack after serial connection and the test conditions of the single batteries.
Since the cell management mode of the battery management system can effectively prevent the occurrence of an abuse phenomenon, it can be considered that the influence of the voltage difference, the current acceptance difference and the SOC difference of the series-connected cells on the battery degradation is small, and the decrease of the capacity utilization rate is mainly caused. The operating temperature difference of the unit cells is a major factor causing the degradation of the battery pack.
In summary, the following differences mainly exist in the charging and discharging operating characteristics of the battery packs with different connection modes:
a. the parallel battery has the obvious advantage that the maximum available power or the actual available capacity of the battery pack can be exerted to the maximum extent, and it can be seen that the more elements are connected in parallel in the whole series-parallel battery pack, the higher the capacity and the energy utilization rate of the battery pack are. Meanwhile, the parallel connection mode can extract the advantage of high capacity utilization rate in a plurality of occasions such as battery screening, new and old batteries or different batches of batteries, difference of branch capacity fading rates, battery pack maintenance, elimination of battery echelon utilization and the like, and provides more choices for battery grouping optimization.
b. The working current of the series connection mode is the same, the charging and discharging interval of each monomer is limited by the external voltage of the short-plate battery, and the charging and discharging current multiplying power of each monomer is also limited by the power capacity of the short-plate battery, so that the series battery pack is difficult to obtain higher service efficiency. However, thanks to the cell management mode of the battery management system, the battery in the series mode is less prone to abuse and has high monitorability.
c. Fig. 3 is a schematic diagram of a hybrid series-parallel modular grouping according to an embodiment of the present invention, in which state parameters of each single battery in a minimum series-parallel module (which may be referred to as a basic unit) are directly available, measurable controllability is increased, and the state parameters are used for charging and discharging performance analysis of short plate elements of a battery pack; the parallel components improve the capacity utilization rate to a certain extent. Meanwhile, the series-parallel battery pack formed by series-parallel connection based on the basic units has better modularization level, thereby being beneficial to battery pack position arrangement, air duct design and module fault detection, and simultaneously enhancing the safety of the battery system along with the improvement of the modularization level.
The energy storage cell uses boundary condition control.
Factors which generally affect the cycle life of the battery mainly include ambient temperature, charge-discharge current multiplying power and a battery use interval, and as mentioned in the above section, the temperature is a main factor of the life decline of the series battery pack, and meanwhile, the charge-discharge interval also restricts the performance exertion of the series battery pack; the charge and discharge multiplying power is generally controlled within the acceptable range of the battery manually according to requirements, but due to the inconsistency of the parallel batteries, the charge and discharge current of the single battery becomes the decline stress which is difficult to measure and control.
The three factors are compared to find that the charging and discharging use interval of the battery is the most easily controlled factor by using a strategy, and a series of complex working condition tests and experimental verifications such as box body thermal field control, mechanical transmission system optimization, vehicle control strategies and the like are required for improving the working temperature and the charging and discharging current multiplying power of the battery. However, since the temperature has a strong influence on the cycle life of the battery, when a control method of the SOC use interval of the energy storage battery is studied, it is necessary to simplify and simulate the operating environment temperature of the energy storage battery.
Experiments show that the temperature rise curve of the single battery when the single battery is subjected to constant current charging at 1/3C, 1/2C and 2/3C at the ambient temperature of 25 ℃ shows that the surface temperature of the battery is in a remarkable rising trend along with the increase of the charging rate. Experiments show that the temperature rise of the battery is obviously influenced by the internal resistance and the polarization impedance of the battery, the joule heat and the polarization heat of the battery are obviously reduced along with the rise of the working temperature, and the conditions of the joule heat and the polarization heat of the battery on the surface of the battery are that the temperature rises at 40 ℃ and the temperature rises at 10 ℃.
Temperature is a main influence factor causing battery degradation, and uneven temperature field is a main factor causing different degradation rates of series-connected batteries. Because the external environment temperature and the heat generated by the battery are not artificially controllable, after the selection of the battery is determined, the thermal model of the battery and the heat generation and heat dissipation rates under different working conditions need to be analyzed, the service life of the single battery is tested, particularly the capacity fading characteristics under different constant temperatures and the capacity fading characteristics under variable temperature conditions are tested, the relation between the temperature stress level and the service life fading of the battery is ensured to be comprehensively mastered, finally, the heat preservation and heat dissipation design of the battery box is carried out according to the temperature acceptable range of the single battery, and the parameter difference degree between the series-connected single batteries or the series-connected units is reduced while the consistency of the temperature field of the battery box is improved.
According to the result of monomer test analysis, the optimal interval of the single lithium battery is preferably 10-90%. Meanwhile, battery grouping factors are considered, and from experimental analysis results, although the service efficiency of the batteries can be effectively improved by the parallel battery pack, the decline of the two batteries is seriously inconsistent due to the problem of current nonuniformity, particularly at the last stage of charge and discharge, the open-circuit voltage is inconsistent due to the inconsistent SOC of the two batteries, and the inconsistent open-circuit voltage is expressed by the serious current difference between high and low end intervals. The use interval is determined to be 10% -90%, the probability of occurrence of terminal extreme current can be effectively reduced, the battery decline rate is effectively delayed, and meanwhile, the battery safety is enhanced.
After the energy storage batteries of the charging station, particularly the quick charging station, are grouped, even if the active effective control of a temperature field can be realized, the use interval is shortened to 10% -90%, but the problem of inconsistency of the battery pack in the actual use process is inevitable. Therefore, how to evaluate the consistency of the battery pack, especially the modular unit, to formulate different information feedback and state alarm levels becomes very important to provide a basis for the later battery balance maintenance and replacement.
The inconsistency problem of the battery mainly comprises four aspects of direct current internal resistance, polarization voltage, SOC and capacity, and is comprehensively expressed as the inconsistency of the external voltage of the battery.
(a) From ohmic drop URIs calculated by the formula URAs can be seen with the operation of the batteryThe current (I) is directly related to the direct internal resistance (R). The direct current internal resistance has a relationship with battery aging and ambient temperature, but has a small relationship with the SOC. The difference in external voltage caused by the internal resistance of the battery is characterized by instantaneous variation with the current. Therefore, when the consistency of the battery is judged, if the influence of ohmic voltage drop on the voltage outside the battery cannot be effectively processed, the unscientific conclusion that the consistency of the battery is poor when the current of the battery is large and the consistency is good when the current of the battery is small can be generated, so that the instability of the consistency judgment of the battery pack under the current change working condition can be increased.
(b) The polarization voltage of the battery is an overvoltage formed by breaking a thermodynamic equilibrium system inside the battery during the charge or discharge of the battery. Due to polarization voltage U between cellsPThere is a difference, so during charging and discharging this will eventually be reflected in UODifference in length; after the current subsides, UPGradually decreases and finally completely fades away when the signal is transmitted from UPResulting in UOThe difference is gradually eliminated. Therefore, when the consistency of the battery is judged, if the influence of the polarization voltage on the voltage outside the battery cannot be effectively processed, the consistency of the battery in the working mode is poor, and the unscientific conclusion that the consistency is good after the battery is fully left stand is generated, so that the instability of the consistency judgment of the battery pack in the working mode and the standing mode is increased.
(c) According to data statistics, the initial SOC difference of batteries in the same batch when being grouped is within 1%, but due to the difference of the self-discharge rate, the charge-discharge efficiency and the actual capacity of the batteries, the SOC difference between different batteries is gradually increased in the use process, and the SOC difference directly causes the available capacity of the battery pack to be greatly reduced, so the problem of the consistency of the SOC of the battery pack is one of the main factors influencing the performance of the batteries.
(d) The SOC of a battery is defined as the remaining capacity (Q)rem) And maximum available capacity (Q)max) Ratio of (SOC) to (Q)rem/Qmax. In a dynamic state, change in SOC Δ SOC is defined as SOC2-SOC1＝ΔQrem/QmaxSince each is connected in series, Δ QremThe same is true, so that the Δ SOC and Q of the batterymaxAre directly related. It can be seen that the difference in capacity between the batteries causes a difference in the rate of change of the SOC, which is ultimately reflected in the external voltage of the battery. If the influence of the capacity of the battery on the external voltage cannot be effectively processed, and the consistency of the battery is simply judged by adopting the external voltage difference of the battery, the conclusion that the consistency of the battery is good and bad along with the use of the battery can be obtained, so that the instability of consistency judgment of the battery pack under different SOCs is increased, and the battery equalization is difficult.
In actual use, in order to provide data support for the equalization and maintenance of the battery, quantitative evaluation on the consistency of the battery pack is needed. As described above, the differences among the batteries are represented in the four aspects of the direct current internal resistance, the polarization voltage, the maximum available capacity and S0C, wherein the first 3 parameters cannot be improved by balancing, and the balancing of the battery pack is realized by adjusting the SOC of each battery respectively, so as to maximize the battery capacity and energy utilization on the premise of ensuring that all batteries are not overcharged or overdischarged.
The battery pack consistency is quantitatively evaluated from the perspective of the external voltage and the capacity utilization rate of the battery.
A) Quantitative evaluation of consistency based on external voltage
The consistency evaluation based on the external voltage is a common evaluation mode at present, the consistency of the battery pack is usually measured by using the difference between the external voltages of the batteries, and the consistency of the battery pack is evaluated by analyzing the voltage ranges and distribution conditions of all the external voltages of the batteries of the battery pack.
In the quantitative evaluation process of consistency, the average voltage based on the mathematical statistic concept is usually introduced in the external voltage mode
Voltage variance (delta)2) And voltage range (r) to measure consistency, the calculation formula is as follows:
i,j＝1...n
wherein the average voltage reflects the general energy state of the battery pack and is also the basis for calculating other parameters; the voltage variance reflects the deviation degree between the voltage of all the cells in the group and the average voltage, and represents the dispersion degree and the uniformity of the voltage distribution, and the smaller the voltage variance is, the more concentrated the voltage distribution is, and the better the consistency of the voltage outside the cells is.
B) And quantifying the index based on the consistency of the capacity utilization rate of the battery pack.
The balance maintenance of the battery pack and the replacement of the short-plate battery all aim at achieving the optimal configuration of the battery pack and achieving the maximum capacity utilization rate, so that the quantitative index based on the capacity utilization rate is more suitable for the actual energy storage requirement of the charging station.
The maximum charge capacity, discharge capacity, and available capacity of a battery pack are related to the maximum available capacity and state of charge of each cell in the pack. The capacity of the battery pack is equal to or less than the capacity of the single battery with the smallest capacity than the pack capacity. Therefore, from the viewpoint of capacity utilization, the judgment criteria of whether the battery pack needs to be maintained in a balanced manner during use are as follows: in the charging and discharging process, the battery with the minimum capacity can be fully charged and discharged firstly, and whether the capacity is fully utilized or not is realized. When the single battery with the minimum capacity cannot be fully charged and discharged firstly, the capacity of the battery pack is not fully utilized, so that the capacity of the battery pack has the problem of utilization rate, and the capacity utilization rate of the battery pack formed by connecting n batteries in series is defined
Is the maximum available capacity of the battery pack
Maximum available capacity (min Q) of battery with minimum pack capacitymax[k]Due to the maximum available capacity of the battery after equalization: (
For ease of distinction, the equalized parameters are labeled with eq superscripts) is min { Q }max[k]And i.e.:
Assuming that the battery m is the battery with the smallest capacity in the battery pack, that is, k is m, there are:
at this time:
discharge capacity of battery m is Qdch_max[m]＝Qmax[m]×SOC[m]≥min{Qmax[i]×SOC[i]Where i is 1.
The charge capacity is: qch_max[m]＝Qmax[m]×(1-SOC[m])≥min{Qmax[j]×(1-SOC[j]) J ═ 1.., n.
Therefore:
namely, it is
And when i ═ j ═ m, the capacity utilization rate of the battery pack is 1, and the other is less than 1. The capacity utilization rate of the battery pack is the basis for whether the battery pack needs balanced maintenance or not. When the capacity utilization rate of the battery pack is 1, it indicates that the capacity of the battery pack has been maximally utilized, and if the capacity requirement is not satisfied at this time, it indicates that the battery pack or the unit module needs to be replaced.
In comparison, the evaluation method based on the capacity utilization rate is more scientific, but the maximum available capacity and the SOC of each battery are greatly changed along with the aging of the battery, so that the input parameters of an evaluation system are difficult to obtain. When the quantitative evaluation method is adopted to operate and maintain the battery pack, the health state and the continuity of the battery are judged based on the full life cycle, and the charge state and the health state of the battery are effectively estimated. The capacity increment method is an in-situ nondestructive analysis method for lithium ion batteries and is mainly obtained through a low-rate charge-discharge test curve. Because the internal resistance and polarization of the battery can be basically ignored under a small multiplying power, the capacity increment curve can intuitively reflect the health state of the battery under the condition of eliminating the factors of the internal resistance and the polarization. Due to the invariance of the corresponding relation between the capacity increment peak of the phase change stage in the battery and the SOC of the battery, the correction of the SOC by utilizing the corresponding relation between the delta Q/delta V peak and the SOC of the battery in the charging and discharging process of the battery is feasible by using the capacity increment curve and combining the SOC estimation method applied in the current engineering.
In the actual use process of the battery pack, the state characteristics of the short-plate batteries or the short-plate units of the series batteries are evaluated in real time on line through a capacity increment method, and different information feedback and state alarm levels are formulated according to the reduction degree of the capacity utilization rate of the battery pack caused by the short-plate batteries or the short-plate units, for example, capacity balance maintenance, and single batteries or series units replacement.
In summary, a hybrid series-parallel modular grouping method is provided for the advantages that the capacity utilization rate of the parallel battery packs is high and the serial battery packs are easy to detect and control. The state parameters of each single battery in the minimum series-parallel module (which can be called as a basic unit) can be directly obtained, so that the measurable controllability is increased, and the state parameters are used for analyzing the charging and discharging performance of the short plate elements of the battery pack; the parallel components improve the capacity utilization rate to a certain extent.
No matter the single battery is used or the high and low ends of the parallel battery pack have large current difference, the service life of the lithium battery pack is greatly influenced by using a high SOC interval and a low SOC interval, and therefore the recommended service interval range is 10% -90% in the use process of the energy storage battery. Meanwhile, the temperature of the battery is controlled in a reasonable range through a reasonable heat dissipation design, the unevenness of a temperature field is reduced, and the heat dissipation structure has great significance for prolonging the service life of the single battery and the series battery pack.
After effective boundary control of the use conditions is carried out on the battery pack, another important method for improving the use efficiency and prolonging the service life of the battery pack is to evaluate the state characteristics of the short-plate battery or the short-plate unit in real time on line, adopt battery pack consistency quantitative evaluation indexes, make different information feedback and state alarm levels, realize timely capacity balance maintenance, replace the single minimum battery pack unit and achieve maximum utilization of the battery pack.
It should be noted that the steps illustrated in the flowcharts of the figures may be performed in a computer system such as a set of computer-executable instructions and that, although a logical order is illustrated in the flowcharts, in some cases, the steps illustrated or described may be performed in an order different than presented herein.
The embodiment of the invention provides a configuration device of an energy storage battery pack, which can be used for executing the configuration method of the energy storage battery pack.
Fig. 4 is a schematic diagram of a configuration device of an energy storage battery pack according to an embodiment of the present invention, as shown in fig. 4, the device including:
the establishing unit 10 is used for establishing a multi-combination battery pack current simulation model through a parallel battery pack simulation system;
the simulation unit 20 is used for obtaining a regression rule based on statistics through multiple times of battery integration grouping simulation;
the determining unit 30 is used for determining the safe temperature for using the battery and the service life of the battery according to the decay rule;
a configuration unit 40 for configuring the energy storage battery in the charging station according to the safe temperature of the battery usage and the service life of the battery.
Optionally, the apparatus further comprises: the control unit is used for carrying out service condition boundary control on the battery pack to obtain the running state parameters of the battery pack after establishing a multi-combination battery pack current simulation model through the parallel battery pack simulation system; the determining unit is used for determining the alarm level of the battery pack according to the operation state parameters; and the replacing unit is used for replacing the minimum unit of the energy storage battery in the charging station according to the alarm level.
Optionally, the simulation unit 20 is configured to: taking the obtained regional air temperature of the battery pack as a temperature condition parameter of the battery pack in simulation; and performing multiple battery integration grouping simulation based on the temperature condition parameters to obtain a decay rule based on statistics.
Optionally, the configuration unit 40 is configured to: and under the condition that the service life of the battery is less than or equal to the preset time, the energy storage battery in the charging station is replaced.
The configuration device of the energy storage battery pack comprises a processor and a memory, wherein the establishing unit, the simulating unit, the determining unit and the like are stored in the memory as program units, and the processor executes the program units stored in the memory to realize corresponding functions.
The processor comprises a kernel, and the kernel calls the corresponding program unit from the memory. One or more than one kernel can be set, and the reliability and the utilization rate of the energy storage battery are improved by adjusting kernel parameters.
The memory may include volatile memory in a computer readable medium, Random Access Memory (RAM) and/or nonvolatile memory such as Read Only Memory (ROM) or flash memory (flash RAM), and the memory includes at least one memory chip.
An embodiment of the present invention provides a storage medium having a program stored thereon, where the program is executed by a processor to implement the configuration method of the energy storage battery pack.
The embodiment of the invention provides a processor, which is used for running a program, wherein the program executes a configuration method of an energy storage battery pack during running.
The embodiment of the invention provides equipment, which comprises a processor, a memory and a program which is stored on the memory and can run on the processor, wherein the processor executes the program and realizes the following steps: establishing a current simulation model of the multi-combination battery pack through a parallel battery pack simulation system; integrating the batteries into a group for multiple times to simulate to obtain a decay rule based on statistics; determining the safe temperature for using the battery and the service life of the battery according to the decay rule; and configuring an energy storage battery in the charging station according to the safe temperature of the battery and the service life of the battery. The device herein may be a server, a PC, a PAD, a mobile phone, etc.
The present application further provides a computer program product adapted to perform a program for initializing the following method steps when executed on a data processing device: establishing a current simulation model of the multi-combination battery pack through a parallel battery pack simulation system; integrating the batteries into a group for multiple times to simulate to obtain a decay rule based on statistics; determining the safe temperature for using the battery and the service life of the battery according to the decay rule; and configuring an energy storage battery in the charging station according to the safe temperature of the battery and the service life of the battery.
As will be appreciated by one skilled in the art, embodiments of the present application may be provided as a method, system, or computer program product. Accordingly, the present application may take the form of an entirely hardware embodiment, an entirely software embodiment or an embodiment combining software and hardware aspects. Furthermore, the present application may take the form of a computer program product embodied on one or more computer-usable storage media (including, but not limited to, disk storage, CD-ROM, optical storage, and the like) having computer-usable program code embodied therein.
The present application is described with reference to flowchart illustrations and/or block diagrams of methods, apparatus (systems), and computer program products according to embodiments of the application. It will be understood that each flow and/or block of the flow diagrams and/or block diagrams, and combinations of flows and/or blocks in the flow diagrams and/or block diagrams, can be implemented by computer program instructions. These computer program instructions may be provided to a processor of a general purpose computer, special purpose computer, embedded processor, or other programmable data processing apparatus to produce a machine, such that the instructions, which execute via the processor of the computer or other programmable data processing apparatus, create means for implementing the functions specified in the flowchart flow or flows and/or block diagram block or blocks.
These computer program instructions may also be stored in a computer-readable memory that can direct a computer or other programmable data processing apparatus to function in a particular manner, such that the instructions stored in the computer-readable memory produce an article of manufacture including instruction means which implement the function specified in the flowchart flow or flows and/or block diagram block or blocks.
These computer program instructions may also be loaded onto a computer or other programmable data processing apparatus to cause a series of operational steps to be performed on the computer or other programmable apparatus to produce a computer implemented process such that the instructions which execute on the computer or other programmable apparatus provide steps for implementing the functions specified in the flowchart flow or flows and/or block diagram block or blocks.
In a typical configuration, a computing device includes one or more processors (CPUs), input/output interfaces, network interfaces, and memory.
The memory may include forms of volatile memory in a computer readable medium, Random Access Memory (RAM) and/or non-volatile memory, such as Read Only Memory (ROM) or flash memory (flash RAM). The memory is an example of a computer-readable medium.
Computer-readable media, including both non-transitory and non-transitory, removable and non-removable media, may implement information storage by any method or technology. The information may be computer readable instructions, data structures, modules of a program, or other data. Examples of computer storage media include, but are not limited to, phase change memory (PRAM), Static Random Access Memory (SRAM), Dynamic Random Access Memory (DRAM), other types of Random Access Memory (RAM), Read Only Memory (ROM), Electrically Erasable Programmable Read Only Memory (EEPROM), flash memory or other memory technology, compact disc read only memory (CD-ROM), Digital Versatile Discs (DVD) or other optical storage, magnetic cassettes, magnetic tape magnetic disk storage or other magnetic storage devices, or any other non-transmission medium that can be used to store information that can be accessed by a computing device. As defined herein, a computer readable medium does not include a transitory computer readable medium such as a modulated data signal and a carrier wave.
It should also be noted that the terms "comprises," "comprising," or any other variation thereof, are intended to cover a non-exclusive inclusion, such that a process, method, article, or apparatus that comprises a list of elements does not include only those elements but may include other elements not expressly listed or inherent to such process, method, article, or apparatus. Without further limitation, an element defined by the phrase "comprising an … …" does not exclude the presence of other identical elements in the process, method, article, or apparatus that comprises the element.
As will be appreciated by one skilled in the art, embodiments of the present application may be provided as a method, system, or computer program product. Accordingly, the present application may take the form of an entirely hardware embodiment, an entirely software embodiment or an embodiment combining software and hardware aspects. Furthermore, the present application may take the form of a computer program product embodied on one or more computer-usable storage media (including, but not limited to, disk storage, CD-ROM, optical storage, and the like) having computer-usable program code embodied therein.
The above are merely examples of the present application and are not intended to limit the present application. Various modifications and changes may occur to those skilled in the art. Any modification, equivalent replacement, improvement, etc. made within the spirit and principle of the present application should be included in the scope of the claims of the present application.
Claims (10)
1. A method of configuring an energy storage battery pack, comprising:
establishing a current simulation model of the multi-combination battery pack through a parallel battery pack simulation system;
integrating the batteries into a group for multiple times to simulate to obtain a decay rule based on statistics;
determining the safe temperature for using the battery and the service life of the battery according to the decay rule;
and configuring an energy storage battery in the charging station according to the safe temperature of the battery and the service life of the battery.
2. The method of claim 1, wherein after establishing a multi-pack battery current simulation model by a parallel battery simulation system, the method further comprises:
carrying out use condition boundary control on the battery pack to obtain the running state parameters of the battery pack;
determining the alarm level of the battery pack according to the operation state parameters;
and replacing the minimum unit of the energy storage battery in the charging station according to the alarm level.
3. The method of claim 1, wherein deriving a statistically based decay pattern from multiple battery integration grouping simulations comprises:
taking the obtained regional air temperature of the battery pack as a temperature condition parameter of the battery pack in simulation;
and performing multiple battery integration grouping simulation based on the temperature condition parameters to obtain a decay rule based on statistics.
4. The method of claim 1, wherein configuring the energy storage battery in the charging station according to the safe temperature of the battery usage and the life of the battery comprises:
and under the condition that the distance between the service life of the battery and the service life of the battery is less than or equal to the preset time, replacing the energy storage battery in the charging station.
5. A configuration device for an energy storage battery pack, comprising:
the establishing unit is used for establishing a multi-combined battery pack current simulation model through a parallel battery pack simulation system;
the simulation unit is used for integrating the batteries into a group for multiple times to simulate so as to obtain a decay rule based on statistics;
the determining unit is used for determining the safe temperature for using the battery and the service life of the battery according to the decline rule;
and the configuration unit is used for configuring the energy storage battery in the charging station according to the safe temperature of the battery and the service life of the battery.
6. The apparatus of claim 5, further comprising:
the control unit is used for carrying out service condition boundary control on the battery pack to obtain the running state parameters of the battery pack after establishing a multi-combination battery pack current simulation model through the parallel battery pack simulation system;
the determining unit is used for determining the alarm level of the battery pack according to the operation state parameters;
and the replacing unit is used for replacing the minimum unit of the energy storage battery in the charging station according to the alarm level.
7. The apparatus of claim 5, wherein the emulation unit is configured to:
taking the obtained regional air temperature of the battery pack as a temperature condition parameter of the battery pack in simulation;
and performing multiple battery integration grouping simulation based on the temperature condition parameters to obtain a decay rule based on statistics.
8. The apparatus of claim 5, wherein the configuration unit is configured to:
and under the condition that the distance between the service life of the battery and the service life of the battery is less than or equal to the preset time, replacing the energy storage battery in the charging station.
9. A storage medium, characterized in that the storage medium comprises a stored program, wherein when the program runs, the device where the storage medium is located is controlled to execute the configuration method of the energy storage battery pack according to any one of claims 1 to 4.
10. A processor, characterized in that the processor is configured to run a program, wherein the program is configured to execute the method of configuring the energy storage battery pack according to any one of claims 1 to 4 when running.
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