CN108198668B - Preparation method of electromagnetic wire - Google Patents
Preparation method of electromagnetic wire Download PDFInfo
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- CN108198668B CN108198668B CN201810013381.5A CN201810013381A CN108198668B CN 108198668 B CN108198668 B CN 108198668B CN 201810013381 A CN201810013381 A CN 201810013381A CN 108198668 B CN108198668 B CN 108198668B
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
- H01B—CABLES; CONDUCTORS; INSULATORS; SELECTION OF MATERIALS FOR THEIR CONDUCTIVE, INSULATING OR DIELECTRIC PROPERTIES
- H01B13/00—Apparatus or processes specially adapted for manufacturing conductors or cables
- H01B13/06—Insulating conductors or cables
Abstract
The invention provides a preparation method of an electromagnetic wire, which comprises the steps of putting a low-oxygen copper rod into a large wire drawing machine for continuous wire drawing treatment to obtain a semi-finished copper blank with a bright and defect-free surface; continuously drawing the semi-finished copper blank on a continuous drawing and continuous wrapping machine to obtain a corresponding copper conductor; cleaning the copper conductor before annealing; then toughening the copper conductor in an annealing furnace; coating insulating paint on the treated copper conductor for multiple times, and then entering a drying furnace; cooling the high-temperature wire; coating lubricating oil; winding the mixture on a take-up reel to manufacture a finished product. The electromagnetic wire has low-temperature direct welding performance; the soldering is completed within 2 seconds at 380 ℃; high temperature resistance; the paint film is not thermally broken down for 2 minutes at 270 ℃; excellent adhesion; the stretched 1D coil did not crack; the high-tension use requirement of the product is met.
Description
Technical Field
The invention relates to the technical field of electromagnetic wires, in particular to a preparation method of an electromagnetic wire.
Background
With the rapid development of the field of electronic and electrical appliance industry, the welding performance of the electromagnetic wire is more and more prone to be carried out in a rapid and convenient mode, and a paint film at the welding position of the electromagnetic wire does not need to be removed in advance to be welded with a joint.
At present, the paint with the direct welding performance in the electromagnetic wire industry is a polyurethane product, and the polyurethane structure contains a large amount of carbamate groups with poor thermal stability, so that the paint can only be suitable for occasions with low heat resistance and is difficult to meet the market requirements.
Due to the miniaturization design of the product, the reduction of the product volume means that higher use requirements are put forward on the heat resistance of the electromagnetic wire at the expense of product heat dissipation; meanwhile, the continuous quality requirements of the product terminal customers require that the product has a longer service life, and the high-quality product becomes the target of market pursuit. In addition, the competition of the current market is continuously increased, the speed of the electromagnetic wire using customers in wire winding is continuously increased, and higher requirements on the electric performance of the electromagnetic wire are further provided; and meanwhile, the efficient production efficiency requires that the product uses less time during welding. In the domestic electromagnetic wire industry, the direct soldering tin at 380 ℃ and the product with the softening temperature of not less than 270 ℃ can be simultaneously met, and the product is blank at present.
Disclosure of Invention
The invention provides a preparation method of insulating paint applied to copper conductor electromagnetic wires and electromagnetic wires, and solves the problem that a polyester product cannot be subjected to soldering in the prior art.
The technical scheme of the invention is realized as follows:
a method of making a magnet wire comprising:
step (1) putting the low-oxygen copper rod into a large wire drawing machine for continuous wire drawing treatment to obtain a semi-finished copper blank with a bright and flawless surface; continuously drawing the semi-finished copper blank on a continuous drawing and continuous wrapping machine to obtain a corresponding copper conductor; wherein the concentration of the wire drawing oil used in wire drawing is 13.5-15.5, and the pH value is 8.0-9.5; the low-oxygen copper rod, the semi-finished copper blank and the copper conductor are in a micro-sliding state when being placed on the drawing cone pulley, and the sliding coefficient is controlled to be 1.02-1.04; the material of the wire drawing cone pulley is nano zirconia;
before annealing in the step (2), cleaning residual copper powder and oil stains on the surface of the copper conductor by using a water spraying mode; then, toughening the copper conductor in an annealing furnace, and softening the copper conductor to regenerate and repair the damaged unit cell structure at high temperature in the drawing process; the temperature of the annealing furnace is 570-620 ℃;
step (3) coating insulating paint on the treated copper conductor for multiple times, wherein the baking time of each time is 2-3 seconds, the baking temperature is controlled at 480 ℃, and the copper conductor is cured at the temperature to form a smooth, continuous and complete insulating resin layer on the surface; cooling the high-temperature wire by using a cooling device; the insulating paint has direct tin soldering performance; the cooling device consists of a cooling suction fan, a cooling blowing fan and a pipeline, wherein the cooling suction fan blows cold air outside the cooling suction fan into the pipeline to cool the copper conductor, the cooling blowing fan discharges hot air after cooling the copper conductor in the pipeline, and the hot air is diverted and conveyed to the baking furnace interlayer to compensate heat dissipated by the equipment;
step (4) coating lubricating oil on the copper conductor treated in the step (3), wherein the solvent component of the lubricating oil volatilizes within 1-2 seconds, and the lubricating grease component is left on the surface of a paint film; winding the mixture on a take-up reel to manufacture a finished product.
As a preferable technical scheme, the drawing oil in the drawing process in the step (1) is guided to the inlet of the die by using a guide pipe.
As a preferable technical scheme, the copper content of the low-oxygen copper rod is not less than 99.95%. The advantages of using copper suboxide are: a. the crystal grain of the low-oxygen copper is small, and a smooth surface is easily obtained after drawing, so that the low-oxygen copper is an important factor for ensuring the performance of products. b. The low-oxygen copper has small resistivity, and the heat productivity of the product in the working process is small, so that the service life of the product is prolonged. c. The low-oxygen copper has good extensibility, and after the low-oxygen copper is subjected to the action of the annealing furnace, the product has excellent extensibility and can meet the use requirement of high-speed winding.
As a preferable technical scheme, the insulating paint in the step (3) is prepared from the following components: the solvent comprises ethylene glycol, glycerol, diethanolamine, triethanolamine, isophthalic acid, adipic acid, a cresol solvent and xylene, wherein the molar ratio of the ethylene glycol, the glycerol, the diethanolamine, the triethanolamine, the isophthalic acid, the adipic acid, the cresol solvent and the xylene is 1:0.8:0.8:1:1:0.9:3: 3.
As a preferred technical scheme, the preparation of the insulating paint comprises the following steps: under the protection of pure nitrogen, sequentially adding ethylene glycol, glycerol, diethanolamine, triethanolamine, isophthalic acid and adipic acid; under the condition of stirring, gradually increasing the reaction temperature to 200 ℃, and reacting to a transparent state to obtain prepolymer resin of isocyanate groups, hydroxyl groups and imine modified groups; and adding a cresol solvent, stirring for 2-3 hours, cooling to room temperature, and adding xylene to obtain the insulating paint.
As a preferred technical scheme, the manufactured electromagnetic wire comprises a copper conductor and modified polyester resin attached to the surface layer of the copper conductor.
As a preferred technical scheme, the solidified paint film of the electromagnetic wire has direct tin soldering performance.
As a preferred technical scheme, the cured paint film is softened at 270 ℃ and does not break down.
As a preferred technical solution, the diameter of the copper conductor is: 0.100 to 3.500 mm.
As a preferable technical proposal, the step (1) is to
The low-oxygen copper rod is put into a large wire drawing machine for continuous wire drawing treatment, and under the action of a drawing die and wire drawing oil, the low-oxygen copper rod is obtained
The surface of the semi-finished copper blank is smooth and has no pit defect;
and continuously drawing the semi-finished copper blank to a copper conductor of 0.63mm on a continuous drawing and continuous covering machine.
The method has the advantages that the wire is in a low-sliding state on the wire drawing stepped pulley, the wire is easy to damage due to mutual friction between the wire and the wire drawing stepped pulley, and the defect of scratch is formed, in order to solve the problem, the copper material is in a micro-sliding state on the wire drawing stepped pulley by improving ① from the following two aspects, the sliding coefficient is controlled to be 1.02-1.04, and ② the smoothness degree of a conductor is effectively improved by using a nano zirconia material to replace a traditional ceramic spraying material.
The spraying system of the wire drawing is improved, the original spraying system is in shower type spraying, and a large part of wire drawing oil is not sprayed to a working area. Through the improvement of improving the spraying, use the pipe to lead to the mould import department, the sufficiency of lubrication when the at utmost assurance is drawn.
In the drawing process of copper materials, trace copper powder is adhered to the surface of the copper materials more or less, and the existence of the copper powder influences the electrical performance of final products. The water cleaning procedure before annealing is added to the procedure of cleaning after conventional annealing, so that the cleaning effect of the surface of the conductor is ensured to the maximum extent, and the performance of the product is ensured.
The annealing function is that the damaged copper unit cells are repaired under the action of high temperature through the high temperature of about 570-620 ℃ of the annealing furnace, so that the straight copper wire with the ductility is obtained and is ready for the next painting process.
The baking time of each pass is 2-3 seconds, the baking temperature is controlled at 480 ℃, and the liquid insulating varnish is fully cured into a solid state in a very short time.
In the prior art, one fan is generally adopted to extract outdoor cold air to blow into a cooling channel, and the other fan is used to suck out hot air in the channel and discharge the hot air. Specifically, the conductor is forced air-cooled by a set of cooling device, the cooling device is composed of two high-speed fans and a pipeline, one high-speed fan blows cold air outside the extraction chamber into the pipeline to cool the copper conductor, and the other high-speed fan exhausts hot air behind the cooled copper conductor in the pipeline.
Advantageous effects
(1) Low-temperature direct welding performance; the conventional polyester electromagnetic wire in the industry can not realize the function of direct soldering tin, and is usually realized by coating a layer of soldering flux on the surface of a finished product; the product of the invention can complete soldering tin within 2 seconds at 380 ℃; greatly improves the production efficiency and reduces the influence of the soldering flux on the aspect of environmental protection.
(2) High temperature resistance; compared with a polyurethane product with direct welding performance, the electromagnetic wire has softening resistance of more than 270 ℃; whereas conventional polyurethanes have a softening temperature of only 200 ℃.
(3) Excellent adhesion; the resin has stronger adhesive property to the copper material; the adhesion criteria for conventional products is that the non-extended 1D wound product does not crack; the electromagnetic wire can be coiled in 1D after being extended without cracking; the high-tension use requirement of the product is met.
(4) Excellent sealing performance; the insulating paint is formed into a resin layer with a smooth surface by high-temperature baking from a liquid state, and the resin layer can reach the level of zero pinhole of saline water. (5) The friction coefficient is low; the sliding property of the product is greatly improved by coating lubricating oil (patent application number: 201010132838.8), and the friction coefficient can be as low as 0.06 or less and is far lower than that of other products; the wire can be continuously wound when the product is wound at high speed, and the damage of friction to the wire is reduced, so that the quality of the product is controlled.
Drawings
In order to more clearly illustrate the embodiments of the present invention or the technical solutions in the prior art, the drawings used in the description of the embodiments or the prior art will be briefly described below, and it is obvious that the drawings in the following description are only some embodiments of the present invention, and other drawings can be obtained by those skilled in the art without inventive exercise.
FIG. 1: example 1 structural schematic of a magnet wire; wherein, the 1-direct welding polyester resin layer and the 2-copper conductor are arranged on the substrate;
FIG. 2: a schematic view of the cooling apparatus of example 1; wherein, 21-cooling suction fan and 22-cooling blowing fan.
Detailed Description
The technical solutions in the embodiments of the present invention will be clearly and completely described below, and it is obvious that the described embodiments are only a part of the embodiments of the present invention, and not all embodiments. All other embodiments, which can be derived by a person skilled in the art from the embodiments given herein without making any creative effort, shall fall within the protection scope of the present invention.
The invention utilizes the insulating varnish to form solid resin after high-temperature baking, and the resin layer is tightly coated on the surface of the copper conductor to form an electromagnetic wire product.
Example 1
The preparation method of the electromagnetic wire comprises the following steps:
step S1: manufacturing a conductor;
the low-oxygen copper rod is put into a large wire drawing machine for continuous wire drawing treatment, and under the action of a drawing die and wire drawing oil, the low-oxygen copper rod is obtained
The surface of the semi-finished copper blank is smooth and has no pit defect;
and continuously drawing the semi-finished copper blank on a continuous drawing and continuous wrapping machine to obtain the corresponding standard wire, wherein the concentration of wire drawing oil is 13.5-15.5, and the pH value is 8.0-9.5. The control of the concentration and pH value of the wiredrawing oil is a key factor for obtaining a bright and defect-free copper conductor.
Step S2: cleaning the surface of the annealing precursor, namely cleaning the residual copper powder and oil stains on the surface of the copper conductor by using a water spraying mode; the original spraying system is in a shower type spraying mode, and a large part of wire drawing oil is not sprayed to a working area; through the improvement of spraying, use the pipe to lead to mould import department, lubricated sufficiency when can furthest guaranteeing to draw. Annealing the conductor in an annealing furnace at 570-620 ℃ for 4s at 600 ℃ in the embodiment, so that the conductor is softened, the damaged unit cell structure in the drawing process is regenerated and repaired at high temperature, and the annealed conductor has certain flexibility;
step S3: the method comprises the following steps of coating insulating paint on a treated copper conductor for multiple times by using a painting mold, coating the thickness of each insulating layer according to a certain proportion, wherein the painting is divided into 17 times (which can change according to actual conditions) in the process, and the principle of thin paint multiple coating is adopted to ensure that the painting of each time is controlled, so that the phenomenon of over-baking or insufficient baking is avoided; the baking time of each pass is 2-3 seconds, the baking temperature is controlled at 480 ℃, and the surface is cured under the action of the baking temperature to form a smooth, continuous and complete insulating resin layer. And (4) the copper conductor with the insulating resin layer enters a cooling device to cool the high-temperature wire rod. In the prior art, one fan is generally adopted to extract outdoor cold air to blow into a cooling channel, and the other fan is used to suck out hot air in the channel and discharge the hot air. Specifically, the conductor is forced air-cooled by a set of cooling device (as shown in fig. 2), the cooling device is composed of a cooling suction fan 21, a cooling blower fan 22 and a pipeline, wherein the cooling suction fan 21 blows cold air from the outside into the pipeline to cool the copper conductor, the cooling blower fan 22 discharges hot air after cooling the copper conductor in the pipeline, and the hot air is diverted to the baking oven interlayer to compensate the heat dissipated by the equipment. The insulating paint is prepared from the following components: the solvent comprises ethylene glycol, glycerol, diethanolamine, triethanolamine, isophthalic acid, adipic acid, a cresol solvent and xylene, wherein the molar ratio of the ethylene glycol, the glycerol, the diethanolamine, the triethanolamine, the isophthalic acid, the adipic acid, the cresol solvent and the xylene is 1:0.8:0.8:1:1:0.9:3: 3. The method comprises the following specific steps: under the protection of pure nitrogen, sequentially adding ethylene glycol, glycerol, diethanolamine, triethanolamine, isophthalic acid and adipic acid; under the condition of stirring, gradually increasing the reaction temperature to 200 ℃, and reacting to a transparent state to obtain prepolymer resin of isocyanate groups, hydroxyl groups and imine modified groups; and adding a cresol solvent, stirring for 2-3 hours, cooling to room temperature, and adding xylene to obtain the insulating paint.
And step S4, coating the surface of the product treated in the step S3 with lubricating oil, wherein the solvent component of the lubricating oil volatilizes within 1-2 seconds, the lubricating grease component is remained on the surface of the paint film, and the surface lubricity of the finished product coated with the lubricating oil is more suitable for the use of a high-speed winding machine. And winding the mixture to a take-up reel to manufacture a finished product, and warehousing the finished product after the finished product is qualified through inspection.
The solidified paint film of the electromagnetic wire has direct tin soldering performance. The cured paint film softened at 270 ℃ without breaking down. The diameter of the copper conductor can be selected between 0.100 mm and 3.500mm, and in this embodiment is 0.63 mm.
The copper content of the low-oxygen copper rod is not less than 99.95%. The advantages of using copper suboxide are: a. the crystal grain of the low-oxygen copper is small, and a smooth surface is easily obtained after drawing, so that the low-oxygen copper is an important factor for ensuring the performance of products. b. The low-oxygen copper has small resistivity, and the heat productivity of the product in the working process is small, so that the service life of the product is prolonged. c. The low-oxygen copper has good extensibility, and after the low-oxygen copper is subjected to the action of the annealing furnace, the product has excellent extensibility and can meet the use requirement of high-speed winding.
In order to solve the problem that the wire is easy to damage and scratch due to the fact that the wire is in a low-sliding state on a wire drawing cone pulley and the wire drawing cone pulley is mutually rubbed, ① is improved from the following two aspects to enable a copper material to be in a micro-sliding state on the cone pulley, the sliding coefficient is controlled to be 1.02-1.04, ② the wire drawing cone pulley effectively improves the smoothness degree of a conductor by using a nano zirconia material to replace a traditional porcelain spraying material, the spraying system of the wire drawing is improved, the original spraying system is sprayed in a shower type, a large part of wire drawing oil is not sprayed to a working area, the guide pipe is used for guiding the wire drawing oil to an inlet of a die through improvement of spraying, and the completeness of lubrication during drawing is guaranteed to the maximum extent.
The annealing has the function that the damaged copper unit cells are repaired under the action of high temperature through the high temperature of about 600 ℃ of the annealing furnace in the drawing process, so that the straight copper wires with ductility are obtained, and the preparation is made for the next painting process.
The performance of the electromagnetic wire prepared by the method meets the following requirements:
1. elongation of the product: MIN 25%;
2. winding performance: under the winding condition of 1D, a paint film does not crack;
3. thermal shock: after 3d of winding, baking at 175 ℃ until a paint film is not cracked;
4. scratch resistance of a paint film: the minimum scraping force is not lower than 5.1N; the average scraping force is not lower than 6N;
5. saline water pinhole: detecting 6 m thread sample, placing in 0.2% salt solution, and electrifying for 1 min under 12V condition to obtain pinhole-free product;
6. soldering tin performance: under the condition of 380 ℃, the soldering tin is completed within 3 seconds (only 2 seconds), and no tin slag remains on the surface;
7. softening and breaking down: the paint film is not thermally broken down for 2 minutes at 270 ℃;
8. product surface: the surface is to be completely covered with the paint film.
The above description is only for the purpose of illustrating the preferred embodiments of the present invention and is not to be construed as limiting the invention, and any modifications, equivalents, improvements and the like that fall within the spirit and principle of the present invention are intended to be included therein.
Claims (2)
1. A method for preparing an electromagnetic wire, comprising:
step (1) putting the low-oxygen copper rod into a large wire drawing machine for continuous wire drawing treatment to obtain a semi-finished copper blank with a bright and flawless surface; continuously drawing the semi-finished copper blank on a continuous drawing and continuous wrapping machine to obtain a corresponding copper conductor; wherein the concentration of the wire drawing oil used in wire drawing is 13.5-15.5, and the pH value is 8.0-9.5; the low-oxygen copper rod, the semi-finished copper blank and the copper conductor are in a micro-sliding state when being placed on the drawing cone pulley, and the sliding coefficient is controlled to be 1.02-1.04; the material of the wire drawing cone pulley is nano zirconia; the copper content of the low-oxygen copper rod is not lower than 99.95%;
before annealing in the step (2), cleaning residual copper powder and oil stains on the surface of the copper conductor by using a water spraying mode; then, toughening the copper conductor in an annealing furnace, and softening the copper conductor to regenerate and repair the damaged unit cell structure at high temperature in the drawing process; the temperature of the annealing furnace is 570-620 ℃;
step (3) coating insulating paint on the treated copper conductor for multiple times, wherein the baking time of each time is 2-3 seconds, the baking temperature is controlled at 480 ℃, and the copper conductor is cured at the temperature to form a smooth, continuous and complete insulating resin layer on the surface; cooling the high-temperature wire by using a cooling device; the insulating paint has direct tin soldering performance; the cooling device consists of a cooling suction fan, a cooling blowing fan and a pipeline, wherein the cooling suction fan blows cold air outside the cooling suction fan into the pipeline to cool the copper conductor, the cooling blowing fan discharges hot air after cooling the copper conductor in the pipeline, and the hot air is diverted and conveyed to the baking furnace interlayer to compensate heat dissipated by the equipment; the insulating paint is prepared from the following components: ethylene glycol, glycerol, diethanolamine, triethanolamine, isophthalic acid, adipic acid, a cresol solvent and xylene, wherein the molar ratio of the ethylene glycol, the glycerol, the diethanolamine, the triethanolamine, the isophthalic acid, the adipic acid, the cresol solvent and the xylene is 1:0.8:0.8:1:1:0.9:3: 3; the preparation of the insulating paint comprises the following steps: under the protection of pure nitrogen, sequentially adding ethylene glycol, glycerol, diethanolamine, triethanolamine, isophthalic acid and adipic acid; under the condition of stirring, gradually increasing the reaction temperature to 200 ℃, and reacting to a transparent state to obtain prepolymer resin of isocyanate groups, hydroxyl groups and imine modified groups; adding a cresol solvent, stirring for 2-3 hours, cooling to room temperature, and adding xylene to obtain the insulating paint;
step (4) coating lubricating oil on the copper conductor treated in the step (3); within 1-2 seconds, the solvent component of the lubricating oil is volatilized, and the lubricating grease component is left on the surface of the paint film; winding the mixture on a take-up reel to manufacture a finished product.
2. The method of claim 1, wherein the drawing oil during the drawing in step (1) is introduced to the die inlet using a conduit.
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| CN201810013381.5A CN108198668B (en) | 2018-01-08 | 2018-01-08 | Preparation method of electromagnetic wire |
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| CN201810013381.5A CN108198668B (en) | 2018-01-08 | 2018-01-08 | Preparation method of electromagnetic wire |
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| CN108198668B true CN108198668B (en) | 2020-02-28 |
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Families Citing this family (4)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
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| CN112275815B (en) * | 2020-09-30 | 2022-06-24 | 乐清志向电磁线有限公司 | Low-energy-consumption wire drawing process and device for electromagnetic wire production |
| CN112349452A (en) * | 2020-11-25 | 2021-02-09 | 露笑科技股份有限公司 | Low-temperature direct-welding polyester electromagnetic wire and manufacturing method thereof |
| CN113035450B (en) * | 2021-03-11 | 2023-05-23 | 天津精达漆包线有限公司 | Production method of nitrogen-free environment-friendly electromagnetic wire and nitrogen-free environment-friendly electromagnetic wire |
| CN113956659A (en) * | 2021-10-25 | 2022-01-21 | 安徽聚虹电子有限公司 | Corrosion-radiation-resistant environment-friendly special electromagnetic wire |
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