CN108195637B - Water mist sampling device in large space, water mist parameter detection device and detection method - Google Patents
Water mist sampling device in large space, water mist parameter detection device and detection method Download PDFInfo
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- XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N water Substances O XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 title claims abstract description 248
- 239000003595 mist Substances 0.000 title claims abstract description 206
- 238000005070 sampling Methods 0.000 title claims abstract description 157
- 238000001514 detection method Methods 0.000 title claims abstract description 67
- 239000002245 particle Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 191
- 239000007788 liquid Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 63
- 230000005514 two-phase flow Effects 0.000 claims abstract description 47
- 238000005507 spraying Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 17
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 claims description 14
- 238000009826 distribution Methods 0.000 claims description 12
- 238000007789 sealing Methods 0.000 claims description 9
- 230000009471 action Effects 0.000 claims description 5
- 230000008859 change Effects 0.000 claims description 5
- 239000012208 gear oil Substances 0.000 claims description 4
- 239000011248 coating agent Substances 0.000 claims description 3
- 238000000576 coating method Methods 0.000 claims description 3
- 238000005259 measurement Methods 0.000 claims description 3
- 239000010705 motor oil Substances 0.000 claims description 3
- 238000012216 screening Methods 0.000 claims description 3
- 230000000903 blocking effect Effects 0.000 claims description 2
- 239000000779 smoke Substances 0.000 claims 3
- 239000008187 granular material Substances 0.000 claims 1
- 238000002474 experimental method Methods 0.000 abstract description 3
- 238000011160 research Methods 0.000 abstract description 3
- 238000004364 calculation method Methods 0.000 abstract description 2
- 230000000007 visual effect Effects 0.000 abstract description 2
- 239000007789 gas Substances 0.000 description 8
- 239000000428 dust Substances 0.000 description 5
- 239000007921 spray Substances 0.000 description 5
- 238000000889 atomisation Methods 0.000 description 3
- 238000010586 diagram Methods 0.000 description 3
- 238000004891 communication Methods 0.000 description 2
- 238000009792 diffusion process Methods 0.000 description 2
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- 230000009286 beneficial effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000012512 characterization method Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000003153 chemical reaction reagent Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000010276 construction Methods 0.000 description 1
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- 230000007613 environmental effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000001704 evaporation Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000008020 evaporation Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000036541 health Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000009776 industrial production Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000003287 optical effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000001301 oxygen Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229910052760 oxygen Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- -1 oxygen ions Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 238000003921 particle size analysis Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000005192 partition Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000008569 process Effects 0.000 description 1
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- 238000004088 simulation Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000001228 spectrum Methods 0.000 description 1
- 229910001220 stainless steel Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
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- G—PHYSICS
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- G01N—INVESTIGATING OR ANALYSING MATERIALS BY DETERMINING THEIR CHEMICAL OR PHYSICAL PROPERTIES
- G01N1/00—Sampling; Preparing specimens for investigation
- G01N1/02—Devices for withdrawing samples
- G01N1/22—Devices for withdrawing samples in the gaseous state
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- G—PHYSICS
- G01—MEASURING; TESTING
- G01N—INVESTIGATING OR ANALYSING MATERIALS BY DETERMINING THEIR CHEMICAL OR PHYSICAL PROPERTIES
- G01N15/00—Investigating characteristics of particles; Investigating permeability, pore-volume or surface-area of porous materials
- G01N15/02—Investigating particle size or size distribution
- G01N15/0205—Investigating particle size or size distribution by optical means
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- G—PHYSICS
- G01—MEASURING; TESTING
- G01N—INVESTIGATING OR ANALYSING MATERIALS BY DETERMINING THEIR CHEMICAL OR PHYSICAL PROPERTIES
- G01N15/00—Investigating characteristics of particles; Investigating permeability, pore-volume or surface-area of porous materials
- G01N15/06—Investigating concentration of particle suspensions
- G01N15/0606—Investigating concentration of particle suspensions by collecting particles on a support
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Abstract
The device comprises a fan, a water mist channel, a gas-liquid two-phase flow spraying device, a water mist particle sampling device and a control console, wherein one end of the water mist channel is an opening, and the other end of the water mist channel is connected with an air outlet of the fan; and a gas-liquid two-phase flow spraying device and a water mist particle sampling device are sequentially arranged in the water mist channel from one end of the air outlet of the fan. The water mist parameter detection device comprises a large-space ultra-fine water mist sampling device and a data detection system. The detection method is that the detection device which is suitable for detecting the particle size and the concentration of the superfine water mist in a large space is adopted. The invention has simple and reasonable structure and convenient operation, is suitable for the condition of applying superfine water mist in a large space, can simultaneously represent the absolute granularity and the absolute concentration of particles, carries out quantitative calculation, and overcomes the limitations of water mist research experiments of the existing small pipelines and small spaces. The experimental phenomenon is more visual, and the limitation of space and high price of the prior art equipment is avoided.
Description
Technical Field
The invention discloses a large-space water mist sampling device, a water mist parameter detection device and a detection method, in particular to a large-space water mist sampling device, a water mist granularity and concentration detection device and a detection method; belongs to the technical field of spray dust removal and environment detection.
Background
The atomization is widely applied to daily life, industrial production and industrial and mining dust removal, and is used for humidifying and cooling living areas, environment dust raising treatment of residential areas, streets, construction sites and processing factories, dust treatment in industrial and mining rock roadways, and especially treatment of respiratory dust. In order to quantify the use effect of atomization and promote the improvement of the use effect, real-time data after atomization and diffusion need to be obtained. In the prior art, only detection equipment suitable for detecting the water mist granularity in a small space is widely used, and a laser granularity analyzer is used for analyzing the size of particles through diffraction of the particles or the spatial distribution (scattering spectrum) of scattered light. When the laser beam emission end and the receiving end meet particle blocking, the intensity of scattered light is measured at different angles, the particle size distribution of a sample is obtained, the detection data is relative particle size, and the detection data is obtained by the particle size number ratio of particles, so that the method is only suitable for detecting spraying data of a small space and a single nozzle. And the distance between the laser transmitting end and the receiving end is limited, generally about 50cm, and the price is high and increases along with the increase of the distance. The detection method for the data of the atomized water particle size and the concentration of the water mist in the large space and the equipment capable of simultaneously representing the particle size and the concentration of the water mist in the space area are not reported.
Disclosure of Invention
In order to overcome the defects and drawbacks mentioned in the background art, the invention aims to provide a water mist sampling device in a large space, a water mist granularity and concentration detection device and a detection method.
In order to solve the technical problems, the technical scheme provided by the invention is as follows:
the invention relates to a device for sampling ultra-fine water mist in a large space, which comprises a fan, a water mist channel, a gas-liquid two-phase flow spraying device, a water mist particle sampling device and a control console, wherein one end of the water mist channel is an opening, and the other end of the water mist channel is connected with an air outlet of the fan; and a gas-liquid two-phase flow spraying device and a water mist particle sampling device are sequentially arranged in the water mist channel from one end of the air outlet of the fan. The fan is a stepless frequency modulation fan.
The invention relates to a device for sampling ultra-fine water mist in a large space, wherein the large space refers to the water mist channel with the size of (1.8-2.2 m) x (45-55 m).
The invention relates to a sampling device for ultra-fine water mist in a large space, when the air pressure is 0.3MPa, the air flow is 30L/min-40L/min, the water pressure is 0.25MPa, the water flow is 2 kg/h-5 kg/h, and the range of the spray particle size is below 10 mu m;
the invention relates to a large-space ultra-fine water mist sampling device, which comprises a gas-liquid two-phase flow nozzle, a gas pipe, a water pipe, an air pump and a water pump, wherein the gas-liquid two-phase flow nozzle is arranged on the gas pipe; the gas-liquid two-phase flow nozzle is arranged in the water mist channel and is positioned at one end connected with the air outlet of the fan; one end of the air pipe is provided with an air pump, and the other end of the air pipe is connected with an inlet of the gas-liquid two-phase flow nozzle; one end of the water pipe is provided with a water pump, and the other end of the water pipe is connected with an inlet of the gas-liquid two-phase flow nozzle; in the gas-liquid two-phase flow nozzle, the diameter of air holes is 0.8-1.4mm, and the number of the air holes is 3-8; the number of the water holes is 1, and the diameter is 0.5-1.2mm; the width of the mist outlet is 0.5-0.7mm, and the pressure ratio of air to water is 1 (1.2-1.5).
And a gas tank is connected between the gas-liquid two-phase flow nozzle and the air pump through a gas pipe.
The invention relates to a large-space ultrafine water mist sampling device, which comprises 8-12 gas-liquid two-phase flow nozzles, wherein the gas-liquid two-phase flow nozzles are uniformly distributed along the axial direction of a water mist channel; the distance between two adjacent gas-liquid two-phase flow nozzles is 0.3-0.8 m.
The invention relates to a large-space superfine water mist sampling device, wherein the axis of a water mist particle sampling device is perpendicular to the axis of a water mist channel and is uniformly distributed along the axis of the water mist channel; the number of the water mist particle sampling devices is 6-12, the distance between every two adjacent water mist particle sampling devices is 3-8 meters, and the distance between the first water mist particle sampling device and the last gas-liquid two-phase flow nozzle is 0.3-0.8 meter.
The invention relates to a large-space ultrafine water mist particle sampling device, which comprises an airflow channel and a base, wherein the airflow channel is detachably arranged on the base; the air inlet of the air flow channel is provided with a movable air door, the air outlet is provided with a negative pressure fan, and the middle part of the air flow channel is provided with a detachable sampling sheet; the negative pressure fan is used for sucking external particles into the airflow channel; the sampling sheet is used for collecting particles entering the airflow channel; the size of the airflow channel in the water mist particle sampling device is as follows: (8-12) cm (25-35) cm, and the overall height of the air flow channel after being combined with the base is 1.45-1.55m.
The movable air door can adjust the size of an opening of the air inlet, specifically, the air door is adopted to block the air inlet into two air inlet slits, and the axes of the slits are parallel to the sampling piece and are positioned between the inner wall of the air inlet and the air door; the slit size is: length x width = 100mm x (5-40) mm;
the sampling sheet is arranged in the airflow channel through a sampling sheet base plate; a concave pool is arranged on the sampling sheet, sealing mediums are uniformly distributed in the concave pool, and the sealing mediums are selected from gear oil or engine oil; the sampling sheet is 5-15cm away from the air inlet, a fixing clamp for clamping the sampling sheet backing plate is arranged on the air flow channel, a pair of left and right split inserting holes are arranged on the air flow channel, and the fixing clamp is detachably inserted into the inserting holes; a light-transmitting observation window is arranged on the airflow channel; the base comprises a support frame, and a panel is arranged outside the support frame to form an exhaust channel with a rectangular longitudinal section; the air flow speed of the negative pressure fan for generating negative pressure in the air flow channel is larger than the transverse air speed formed by the stepless frequency modulation fan in the water mist channel;
the invention relates to a large-space ultra-fine water mist sampling device, wherein a control console respectively controls actions of a fan, a water pump, an air pump in the large-space ultra-fine water mist sampling device and a negative pressure fan in a water mist particle sampling device.
The device for detecting the particle size and the concentration of the ultra-fine water mist in the large space comprises a sampling device and a data detection system of the ultra-fine water mist in the large space; the data detection system comprises a metallographic microscope and a computer provided with VImage software; the control console respectively controls the actions of a fan, a water pump, an air pump and a negative pressure fan in the water mist particle sampling device in the large space, the sampling sheet in the water mist particle sampling device collects superfine water mist in the airflow channel, and data detection is carried out through a metallographic microscope and a computer provided with VImage software, so that the data of the average particle size and the particle number of the water mist particles are obtained;
the vendor of VImage software is the micro-authoring information technology company, guangzhou.
The invention relates to a detection method for detecting the particle size and the concentration of ultra-fine water mist in a large space, which adopts a detection device for detecting the particle size and the concentration of the ultra-fine water mist in the large space, and comprises the following steps:
the first step: calibrating of detecting device
Starting an air pump, a water pump, a stepless frequency modulation fan and a negative pressure fan of a water mist particle sampling device, which are applicable to a detection device for the particle size and concentration of superfine water mist in a large space, and operating for at least 3 minutes, simultaneously, respectively measuring a first wind speed in a water mist channel of the superfine water mist sampling device and a second wind speed in an air flow channel of the water mist particle sampling device in the large space by adopting a wind speed measuring instrument, continuously measuring the first wind speed and the second wind speed for at least 2 minutes, and completing the adjustment of the detection device when the change value of the first wind speed and the second wind speed in the measurement period is less than 5 percent and the value of the first wind speed is less than or equal to the second wind speed;
and a second step of: detection of
Uniformly coating a sealing medium in a concave pool of a sampling sheet, inserting the sampling sheet into an airflow channel in a water mist particle sampling device through a sampling sheet base plate, collecting water mist particles for at least 1-8 minutes, taking out the sampling sheet, and carrying out data detection on the sampling sheet through a data detection system.
In the second step, adopting a metallographic microscope to observe liquid particles on a sampling sheet, screening samples with the water mist particle distribution layer number less than or equal to two layers as qualified samples, and measuring the average particle diameter and the particle number of the water mist particles; when a qualified sample is screened, a metallographic microscope is roughly adjusted, particles are observed in an observation area, fine adjustment is performed again, if the images have no obvious change, the images are regarded as non-layering, only two different images appear, the images are regarded as two-layered, and the samples which are not layered and are two-layered are regarded as qualified particle samples; if more than three different images appear in the observation area, the images are considered to be multi-layered and are considered to be unacceptable particle samples.
The method is suitable for detecting the particle size and concentration of superfine water mist in a large space, in the second step, the area of a concave pool on a sampling plate is divided into a plurality of areas, the area of each area is the same as the area of the actual observation view field of a metallographic microscope objective, a metallographic microscope is used for shooting pictures of at least 3 areas on one sampling plate, the pictures are input into a computer provided with VImage software, the VImage software is used for obtaining the diameter of each liquid particle on each picture, and the number of the water mist particles with the corresponding particle size is recorded; arranging the liquid particle diameters in all pictures from small to large, taking the intermediate value to obtain the D of the liquid particle diameter on the sampling sheet 50 As the particle size distribution of the water mist particles in the cross section of the space region where the sampling sheet is positioned.
A method for detecting particle size and concentration of ultra-fine water mist in large space is provided, wherein the mass concentration (g/m) of water mist particles at the cross section of the space region where a sampling sheet is positioned 3 )：
In the formula (1), V is the water mist volume (m 3 ) The method comprises the steps of carrying out a first treatment on the surface of the V' - - -air flow volume (m) with water mist particles flowing through the sample plate well 3 ) The method comprises the steps of carrying out a first treatment on the surface of the The density of the water is 1g/cm 3 ；
And: water mist particle volume flowing through sampling sheet pit
In formula (2), i is the number of detected regions; v—the volume of water mist particles in the i-th zone detected in the sample plate pit detection zone, i=1, 2,3, … i; n is the number of areas divided by the sampling slice concave pool;
volume of water mist particles in the ith detection zone
In the formula (3), r 1 ，r 2 ，r 3 … … -the radius of the water mist particles passing through a detection zone of the pit;
a 1 ，a 2 ，a 3 … … -the number of corresponding water mist particle sizes;
substituting the water mist into formulas (2) and (3) according to the detection result to obtain the water mist volume V flowing through the sampling piece concave pool;
air flow volume with water mist particles through sampling sheet sink
In the formula (4), h is the movement height of the airflow in the sampling time; s, the effective sectional area of an air inlet (the sum of the areas of 2 air inlet slits of the air inlet) in the water mist particle sampling device; s' —sampling plate pit area;
h＝v”×t (5)
in the formula (5), v' -the wind speed of an air inlet in the water mist particle sampling device; t-acquisition time;
the water mist sampling device, the water mist granularity and concentration detection device and the detection method in the large space are suitable for the condition of applying superfine water mist in the large space, can simultaneously represent the absolute granularity and the absolute concentration of particles, are not limited to superfine water mist, can collect and detect micron-sized particles in the large space, and can perform quantitative calculation to obtain required data.
Compared with the prior art, the invention has the advantages that:
(1) Aiming at large-space detection experimental simulation, the experimental system provided by the invention can restore the real diffusion environment of water mist, can obtain more effective data of experiments, and avoids the limitation of the existing small-pipeline and small-space water mist research experiment.
(2) The detection method is not limited by the size of the detection space, the granularity and the concentration of any region can be detected at any time, the granularity and the concentration are simultaneously characterized, the real particle diameter and the real particle number of particles can be observed to obtain absolute detection data, and the characteristics of the particles can be directly observed through photographing imaging of a metallographic microscope, so that the experimental phenomenon is more visual, and the limitation of space and high price of equipment in the prior art is avoided.
(3) The two-phase flow spraying device of the experimental system is an ultrafine water mist generating device, water mist particles can reach below 10 mu m, and the concentration of negative oxygen ions is high, so that the experimental system is beneficial to the health of operators; meanwhile, the nozzle structure is convenient and universal, can be quickly spliced and is convenient to replace; the nozzle is made of stainless steel, and has long service life; the nozzles are connected to ventilate in the same direction and lead water, which is a conclusion obtained through experimental verification, reduces the problem of nozzle blockage and ensures that the range of the particle size of the water mist particles is within the standard; the water pressure and the air pressure are adjustable, so that the particle size of the spray is adjustable, and the spray is suitable for experimental study on the particle size of water mist particles.
(4) The water mist particle sampling device of the experimental system has simple structure and principle, is convenient to move, and is not limited to applicable occasions; the water mist particle detection system is matched with a detection system for use, and regional granularity and concentration data of the water mist particles in the space can be timely and simultaneously obtained; the collection head is detachable in structure, the use of the base is not limited, and the device is flexible and multipurpose.
(5) The experimental system adopts the electrodeless frequency modulation fan, the numerical value of the wind speed is flexibly adjusted, and the experimental system is suitable for water mist characteristic research under different environmental conditions.
(6) The experimental detection system is used by matching a metallographic microscope with VImage software, the hardware of the detection method is not limited by the experimental detection device, equipment for photographing and imaging the sampling plate concave pool can be supported, and the equipment for installing and using the software can be used, so that the limitation on the hard requirement of experimental conditions is avoided.
Drawings
FIG. 1 is a schematic diagram of the structure of the ultra-fine water mist sampling device in a large space of the invention.
Fig. 2 is a schematic diagram of a gas-liquid two-phase flow nozzle in the gas-liquid two-phase flow spraying device in fig. 1.
Fig. 3 is a schematic structural view of the water mist particle sampling device of the present invention.
Fig. 4 is an isometric view of one orientation of the water mist particle sampling apparatus of the present invention.
FIG. 5 is a schematic view of an optical microscope in the data detection system of the present invention.
FIG. 6 is a schematic diagram of a computer in the data detection system of the present invention.
FIG. 7 is a liquid particle picture of the first region of sample No. 3 in example 3.
FIG. 8 is a liquid particle picture of the second region of sample No. 3 in example 3.
FIG. 9 is a liquid particle photograph of the third region of sample No. 3 sheet in example 3.
FIG. 10 is a graph of liquid particle data measured using a laser particle size analyzer with a single nozzle in example 3.
Legend description:
1. a blower; 2. a gas-liquid two-phase flow spraying device; 3. a water mist channel; 4. a water mist particle sampling device; 5. a console; 23. a gas-liquid two-phase flow nozzle; 41. sampling sheet; 63. a water pump; 73. a gas tank; 74. an air pump; 81. a metallographic microscope; 82. and a computer.
Detailed Description
The present invention will be described more fully hereinafter with reference to the accompanying drawings, in which preferred embodiments are shown, for the purpose of illustrating the invention, but the scope of the invention is not limited to the specific embodiments shown.
It will be understood that when an element is referred to as being "fixed, affixed, connected, or in communication with" another element, it can be directly fixed, affixed, connected, or in communication with the other element or intervening elements may be present.
Unless defined otherwise, all technical and scientific terms used hereinafter have the same meaning as commonly understood by one of ordinary skill in the art. The terminology used herein is for the purpose of describing particular embodiments only and is not intended to be limiting of the scope of the present invention.
Unless otherwise specifically indicated, the various raw materials, reagents, instruments, equipment and the like used in the present invention are commercially available or may be prepared by existing methods.
Example 1:
referring to figures 1,2,3 and 4, the device comprises a fan 1, a water mist channel 3, a gas-liquid two-phase flow spraying device 2, a water mist particle sampling device 4 and a control console 5, wherein one end of the water mist channel 2 is an opening, and the other end of the water mist channel is connected with an air outlet of the fan 1; a gas-liquid two-phase flow spraying device 2 and a water mist particle sampling device 4 are sequentially arranged in the water mist channel 2 from one end of an air outlet of the fan;
the size of the water mist channel 3 is (1.8-2.2 m) x (45-55 m); the fan 1 is a stepless frequency modulation fan;
the gas-liquid two-phase flow spraying device 2 comprises a gas-liquid two-phase flow nozzle 23, a gas pipe 71, a water pipe 61, a gas pump 74 and a water pump 63; the gas-liquid two-phase flow nozzle 23 is arranged in the water mist channel 3 and is positioned at one end connected with the air outlet of the fan 1; one end of the air pipe 71 is provided with an air pump 74, and the other end is connected with the inlet of the gas-liquid two-phase flow nozzle 23; one end of the water pipe 61 is provided with a water pump 63, and the other end is connected with the inlet of the gas-liquid two-phase flow nozzle 23; a gas tank 73 is also connected between the gas-liquid two-phase flow nozzle 23 and the air pump 74 through an air pipe; the number of the gas-liquid two-phase flow nozzles 23 is 10, and the gas-liquid two-phase flow nozzles are uniformly distributed along the axial direction of the water mist channel 3; the interval between two adjacent gas-liquid two-phase flow nozzles 23 is 0.5 meter; in the gas-liquid two-phase flow nozzle, the diameter of air holes is 1mm, and the number of the air holes is 6; the number of the water holes is 1, and the diameter is 1mm; the width of the mist outlet is 0.6mm, and the ratio of the air pressure to the water pressure is 1:1.3;
the axis of the water mist particle sampling device 4 is perpendicular to the axis of the water mist channel 3, and is uniformly distributed along the axial direction of the water mist channel 3; the number of the water mist particle sampling devices 4 is 10, the distance between every two adjacent water mist particle sampling devices 4 is 5 meters, and the distance between the first water mist particle sampling device 4 and the last gas-liquid two-phase flow nozzle 23 is 0.5 meter;
the water mist particle sampling device 4 comprises an airflow channel 43 and a base 44, wherein the airflow channel 43 is detachably arranged on the base 44; the air inlet of the air flow channel 43 is provided with a movable air door 45, the air outlet is provided with a negative pressure fan 42, and the middle part is provided with a detachable sampling sheet 41; the negative pressure fan 42 is used for sucking external particles into the airflow channel 43; the sampling sheet 41 is used for collecting particles entering the airflow channel 43; the size of the airflow channel 43 in the water mist particle sampling apparatus 4 is:
(8-12) cm (25-35) cm, and the overall height of the air flow channel 43 when combined with the base 44 is 1.45-1.55m.
The movable air door 45 can adjust the size of the opening of the air inlet, specifically, the air door is adopted to block the air inlet into two air inlet slits 46, and the axes of the slits are parallel to the sampling sheet and are positioned between the inner wall of the air inlet and the air door; the slit size is: length x width = 100mm x (5-40) mm;
the sampling sheet 41 is disposed in the air flow channel 43 by a sampling sheet backing plate 47; the sampling sheet 41 is provided with a concave pool, sealing mediums are uniformly distributed in the concave pool, and the sealing mediums are gear oil or engine oil; the sampling sheet 41 is 5-15cm from the air inlet,
a fixing clamp 48 for clamping the sampling sheet backing plate is arranged on the air flow channel 43, a pair of left and right split inserting holes are arranged on the air flow channel, and the fixing clamp 48 is detachably inserted into the inserting holes;
a light-transmitting observation window is arranged on the airflow channel;
the base comprises a support frame, and a panel is arranged outside the support frame to form an exhaust channel with a rectangular longitudinal section;
the air flow speed of the negative pressure generated by the negative pressure fan 42 in the air flow channel 43 is larger than the transverse air speed formed by the stepless frequency modulation fan 1 in the water mist channel 4;
the control console 5 is respectively electrically connected with the fan 1, the water pump 63 and the air pump 74 in the gas-liquid two-phase flow spraying device 2 and the negative pressure fan 42 in the water mist particle sampling device and controls the working state of the negative pressure fan;
when the air pressure is 0.3MPa, the air flow is 30-40L/min, the water pressure is 0.25MPa, the water flow is 2-5 kg/h, and the spray grain diameter is below 10 μm.
Example 2
Referring to figures 1,2,3, 4, 5 and 6, the device for detecting the particle size and the concentration of the ultra-fine water mist in a large space comprises an ultra-fine water mist sampling device and a data detection system in the large space; the data detection system comprises a metallographic microscope 81 and a computer 82 provided with VImage software; the control console respectively controls the actions of the fan 1, the water pump 63, the air pump 74 and the negative pressure fan 42 in the water mist particle sampling device 4 in the large space; the sampling sheet 41 in the water mist particle sampling device 4 collects superfine water mist in the airflow channel 43, and data detection is carried out through a metallographic microscope 81 and a computer 82 provided with VImage software, so that data of average particle size and particle number of water mist particles are obtained;
the vendor of VImage software is the micro-authoring information technology company, guangzhou.
Example 3
Referring to fig. 1-10, a method for detecting the particle size and concentration of ultra-fine water mist in a large space, which adopts the detection device for detecting the particle size and concentration of ultra-fine water mist in a large space, comprises the following steps:
the first step: calibrating of detecting device
Starting an air pump, a water pump, a stepless frequency modulation fan and a negative pressure fan of a water mist particle sampling device, which are applicable to a detection device for the particle size and concentration of superfine water mist in a large space, and operating for 3 minutes, and simultaneously, respectively measuring a first air speed in a water mist channel of the superfine water mist sampling device and a second air speed in an air flow channel of the water mist particle sampling device in the large space by adopting an air speed measuring instrument, continuously measuring the first air speed and the second air speed for 2 minutes, and completing the adjustment of the detection device when the variation value of the first air speed and the second air speed in the measurement period is less than 5 percent and the value of the first air speed is less than or equal to the second air speed;
and a second step of: detection of
Uniformly coating sealing medium gear oil in a concave pool of a sampling sheet 41, inserting the sampling sheet 41 into an air flow channel 43 in a water mist particle sampling device 4 through a sampling sheet base plate 47, wherein the air pressure is 0.3MPa, the air flow is 30L/min-40L/min, the water pressure is 0.25MPa, the water flow is 2 kg/h-5 kg/h, an electrodeless frequency modulation fan generates air speed of 1m/s in an experimental pipeline, and the air flow speed of air flow generated by a negative pressure fan is 2.453m/s; collecting water mist particles for 3 minutes, taking out a sampling sheet 41, and carrying out data detection on the sampling sheet through a data detection system;
observing liquid particles on the sampling sheet 41 by adopting a metallographic microscope, screening samples with the water mist particle distribution layer number less than or equal to two layers in the samples as qualified samples, and measuring the average particle size and the particle number of the water mist particles; when a qualified sample is screened, a metallographic microscope is roughly adjusted, particles are observed in an observation area, fine adjustment is performed again, if the images have no obvious change, the images are regarded as non-layering, only two different images appear, the images are regarded as two-layered, and the samples which are not layered and are two-layered are regarded as qualified particle samples; if more than three different images appear in the observation area, the observation area is regarded as multi-layered, and the observation area is regarded as an unqualified particle sample;
in this embodiment: the number of the water mist particle sampling devices 4 is 10, the distance between every two adjacent water mist particle sampling devices 4 is 5 meters, and the distance between the first water mist particle sampling device 4 and the last gas-liquid two-phase flow nozzle 23 is 0.5 meter; the space size of the measuring area is 45m;
carrying out data acquisition and particle size and space concentration characterization on the position of a sampling plate by using a sampling sheet of a No. 3 water mist acquisition device; the area of the concave pool on the No. 3 sampling plate 41 is divided into 44 areas, and the area of each area is 3.8mm with the area of the actual observation field of the metallographic microscope objective lens 2 The same (metallographic microscope f.n. =22, 10×objective, metallographic microscope actual observation field diameter of 2.2mm, actual observation field area of 3.8 mm) 2 ) Taking pictures of 3 areas on a No. 3 sampling plate by using a metallographic microscope, inputting the pictures into a computer provided with VImage software, obtaining the diameter of each liquid particle on each picture by using the VImage software, and recording the number of water mist particles with corresponding particle sizes, wherein the figures are shown in fig. 7, 8 and 9; arranging the liquid particle diameters in all pictures from small to large, taking the intermediate value to obtain the D of the liquid particle diameter on the sampling sheet 50 See table 1 for the particle size distribution as a cross-section of the spatial region in which the sample piece was located.
TABLE 1 image data arrangement
1. Particle size analysis
The diameters of the droplets in Table 1 were arranged in order of decreasing diameter to obtain D as the particle diameter of the liquid particles on sample No. 3 50 7.062 μm, i.e. the average water mist particle size in the region of the sampling points.
The inventor adopts the same water vapor spraying parameters, namely, the air pressure is 0.3MPa, the air flow is 30L/min-40L/min, the water pressure is 0.25MPa, the water flow is 2 kg/h-5 kg/h, and the water mist particle diameter D50 measured by a single nozzle spraying under a laser particle size tester is 8.78 mu m, as shown in figure 10. Therefore, the water mist particles are influenced by evaporation, temperature and humidity, inter-particle action, a test area and the like in the process of diffusing in the pipeline, the size of the water mist particles is changed, and the particle size distribution of the water mist particles can be measured according to the method.
2. Concentration analysis
1. The flow rate of the air flow is 2.453m/s; collecting for 3 minutes; the sum of the areas of the air inlet slits is 2 (5 x 10) -3 *100*10 -3 ) (slit length 100mm, width 5 mm); pit area 13 x 10 -3 *13*10 -3 * The method comprises the steps of carrying out a first treatment on the surface of the (the length and the width of the concave pool are 13 mm); number of pool partitions 44, each 3.8mm 2 ；
2. According to
The volumes of water mist particles in 3 detection areas of a No. 3 sampling sheet are calculated:
as can be seen from table 1 and fig. 7:
in fig. 7, the particle size distribution is:
r 1 ＝2.998，r 2 ＝3.118，r 3 ＝3.452，r 4 ＝3.531，r 5 ＝4.304，r 6 ＝4.612；
number of corresponding particle sizes:
a 1 ＝10，a 2 ＝3，a 3 ＝2，a 4 ＝2，a 5 ＝3，a 6 ＝1；
volume of water mist particles in the detection zone corresponding to fig. 7:
in fig. 8, the particle size distribution is:
r 1 ＝2.1，r 2 ＝2.998，r 3 ＝3.531，r 4 ＝3.684，r 5 ＝3.83，r 6 ＝4.063，r 7 ＝4.446，r 8 ＝5.995，
number of corresponding particle sizes:
a 1 ＝1，a 2 ＝5，a 3 ＝4，a 4 ＝1，a 5 ＝1，a 6 ＝3，a 7 ＝3，a 8 ＝1；
volume of water mist particles in the detection zone corresponding to fig. 8:
in fig. 9, the particle size distribution is:
r 1 ＝2.184，r 2 ＝3.118，r 3 ＝3.878，r 4 ＝3.948，r 5 ＝4.304，r 6 ＝4.414，r 7 ＝4.788，r 8 ＝5.21，
number of corresponding particle sizes:
a 1 ＝2，a 2 ＝1，a 3 ＝1，a 4 ＝1，a 5 ＝3，a 6 ＝1，a 7 ＝1，a 8 ＝2。
volume of water mist particles in the detection zone corresponding to fig. 9:
4. water mist volume flowing through the sampling plate pit:
5. air flow volume with water mist particles through the sample wafer sink:
height of motion of air flow during sampling time:
h＝v×t＝2.453×3×60＝441.54m；
6. the mass concentration of water mist particles in the cross section of the space area where the acquisition point is located:
the above description is only of the preferred embodiments of the present invention and is not intended to limit the present invention, but various modifications and variations can be made to the present invention by those skilled in the art. Any modification, equivalent replacement, improvement, etc. made within the spirit and principle of the present invention should be included in the protection scope of the present invention.
Claims (10)
1. The utility model provides an interior superfine water smoke sampling device in large space, the device includes fan, water smoke passageway, gas-liquid two-phase flow atomizer, water smoke granule sampling device, control cabinet, its characterized in that: one end of the water mist channel is an opening, and the other end of the water mist channel is connected with an air outlet of the fan; a gas-liquid two-phase flow spraying device and a water mist particle sampling device are sequentially arranged in the water mist channel from one end of the air outlet of the fan;
the axis of the water mist particle sampling device is perpendicular to the axis of the water mist channel, and is uniformly distributed along the axis of the water mist channel; the water mist particle sampling device comprises an airflow channel and a base, wherein the airflow channel is detachably arranged on the base, and a light-transmitting observation window is arranged on the airflow channel; the air inlet of the air flow channel is provided with a movable air door, the air outlet is provided with a negative pressure fan, and the middle part of the air flow channel is provided with a detachable sampling sheet; the negative pressure fan is used for sucking external particles into the airflow channel; the sampling sheet is used for collecting particles entering the airflow channel; the sampling sheet is arranged in the airflow channel through a sampling sheet base plate; a concave pool is arranged on the sampling sheet, sealing mediums are uniformly distributed in the concave pool, and the sealing mediums are selected from gear oil or engine oil; the sampling sheet is 5-15cm away from the air inlet, a fixing clamp for clamping the sampling sheet backing plate is arranged on the air flow channel, a pair of left and right split inserting holes are arranged on the air flow channel, and the fixing clamp is detachably inserted into the inserting holes; the base comprises a support frame, and a panel is arranged outside the support frame to form an exhaust channel with a rectangular longitudinal section; the air flow speed of the negative pressure fan for generating negative pressure in the air flow channel is larger than the transverse air speed formed by the stepless frequency modulation fan in the water mist channel.
2. The ultra-fine water mist sampling device in a large space according to claim 1, wherein: the gas-liquid two-phase flow spraying device comprises a gas-liquid two-phase flow nozzle, a gas pipe, a water pipe, an air pump and a water pump; the gas-liquid two-phase flow nozzle is arranged in the water mist channel and is positioned at one end connected with the air outlet of the fan; one end of the air pipe is provided with an air pump, and the other end of the air pipe is connected with an inlet of the gas-liquid two-phase flow nozzle; one end of the water pipe is provided with a water pump, and the other end of the water pipe is connected with an inlet of the gas-liquid two-phase flow nozzle.
3. The ultra-fine water mist sampling device in a large space according to claim 2, wherein: in the gas-liquid two-phase flow nozzle, the diameter of air holes is 0.8-1.4mm, and the number of the air holes is 3-8; the number of the water holes is 1, and the diameter is 0.5-1.2mm; the width of the mist outlet is 0.5-0.7mm, and the pressure ratio of air to water is 1 (1.2-1.5).
4. A large space ultra fine mist sampling device according to claim 3, characterized in that: 8-12 gas-liquid two-phase flow nozzles are uniformly distributed along the axial direction of the water mist channel; the distance between two adjacent gas-liquid two-phase flow nozzles is 0.3-0.8 m.
5. The ultra-fine water mist sampling device in a large space according to claim 1, wherein: the number of the water mist particle sampling devices is 6-12, the distance between every two adjacent water mist particle sampling devices is 3-8 meters, and the distance between the first water mist particle sampling device and the last gas-liquid two-phase flow nozzle is 0.3-0.8 meter.
6. The ultra-fine water mist sampling device in a large space according to claim 5, wherein: the movable air door can adjust the size of an opening of the air inlet, and particularly, the air door is used for blocking the air inlet into two air inlet slits, and the axes of the slits are parallel to the sampling piece and are positioned between the inner wall of the air inlet and the air door.
7. A large space ultra fine mist sampling apparatus according to any one of the claims 1-6, characterized in that: the control console respectively controls the actions of a fan, a water pump, an air pump in the ultra-fine water mist sampling device and a negative pressure fan in the water mist particle sampling device in a large space.
8. The device for detecting the particle size and the concentration of the ultra-fine water mist in the large space comprises the ultra-fine water mist sampling device and the data detection system in the large space according to claim 7; the data detection system comprises a metallographic microscope and a computer provided with VImage software; the control console is respectively connected with a fan of an ultra-fine water mist sampling device in a large space, a water pump and an air pump in the gas-liquid two-phase flow spraying device, a negative pressure fan in the water mist particle sampling device is electrically connected with and controls the working state of the negative pressure fan, a sampling sheet in the water mist particle sampling device collects ultra-fine water mist in an airflow channel, and data detection is carried out through a metallographic microscope and a computer provided with VImage software to obtain data of the average particle size and the particle number of water mist particles.
9. A method for detecting the particle size and concentration of ultra-fine water mist in a large space, which adopts the device for detecting the particle size and concentration of ultra-fine water mist in a large space according to claim 8, and comprises the following steps:
the first step: calibrating of detecting device
Starting an air pump, a water pump, a stepless frequency modulation fan and a negative pressure fan of a water mist particle sampling device, which are applicable to a detection device for the particle size and concentration of superfine water mist in a large space, and operating for at least 3 minutes, simultaneously, respectively measuring a first wind speed in a water mist channel of the superfine water mist sampling device and a second wind speed in an air flow channel of the water mist particle sampling device in the large space by adopting a wind speed measuring instrument, continuously measuring the first wind speed and the second wind speed for at least 2 minutes, and completing the adjustment of the detection device when the change value of the first wind speed and the second wind speed in the measurement period is less than 5 percent and the value of the first wind speed is less than or equal to the second wind speed;
and a second step of: detection of
Uniformly coating a sealing medium in a concave pool of a sampling sheet, inserting the sampling sheet into an airflow channel in a water mist particle sampling device through a sampling sheet backing plate, collecting water mist particles for at least 1-8 minutes, taking out the sampling sheet, and carrying out data detection on the sampling sheet through a data detection system;
dividing the area of a concave pool on a sampling plate into a plurality of areas, wherein the area of each area is the same as the area of the actual observation field of view of a metallographic microscope objective, shooting pictures of at least 3 areas on one sampling plate by using a metallographic microscope, inputting the pictures into a computer provided with VImage software, acquiring the diameter of each liquid particle on each picture by using the VImage software, and recording the number of water mist particles with corresponding particle diameters; arranging the liquid particle diameters in all pictures from small to large, taking the intermediate value to obtain the D of the liquid particle diameter on the sampling sheet 50 As the particle size distribution of the section of the space area where the sampling sheet is positioned;
the mass concentration (g/m) of water mist particles at the cross section of the space area where the sampling sheet is positioned 3 )：
In the formula (1), V is the water mist volume, m, flowing through the sampling sheet concave pool 3 The method comprises the steps of carrying out a first treatment on the surface of the V, airflow volume with water mist particles flowing through sampling plate concave pool, m 3 (II), (III), (V), (; the density of the water is 1g/cm 3 。
10. The method for detecting the particle size and the concentration of the ultra-fine water mist in the large space according to claim 9, wherein the method comprises the following steps of: in the second step, observing liquid particles on the sampling sheet by adopting a metallographic microscope, screening samples with the water mist particle distribution layer number less than or equal to two layers of samples as qualified samples, and measuring the average particle diameter and the particle number of the water mist particles; when a qualified sample is screened, a metallographic microscope is roughly adjusted, particles are observed in an observation area, fine adjustment is performed again, if the images have no obvious change, the images are regarded as non-layering, only two different images appear, the images are regarded as two-layered, and the samples which are not layered and are two-layered are regarded as qualified particle samples; if more than three different images appear in the observation area, the images are considered to be multi-layered and are considered to be unacceptable water mist particle samples.
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