CN108195469A - A kind of portable color measurement instrument - Google Patents

A kind of portable color measurement instrument Download PDF

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CN108195469A
CN108195469A CN201810116882.6A CN201810116882A CN108195469A CN 108195469 A CN108195469 A CN 108195469A CN 201810116882 A CN201810116882 A CN 201810116882A CN 108195469 A CN108195469 A CN 108195469A
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measurement
light
measuring instrument
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portable color
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CN108195469B (en
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彭先德
彭忠祥
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    • GPHYSICS
    • G01MEASURING; TESTING
    • G01JMEASUREMENT OF INTENSITY, VELOCITY, SPECTRAL CONTENT, POLARISATION, PHASE OR PULSE CHARACTERISTICS OF INFRARED, VISIBLE OR ULTRAVIOLET LIGHT; COLORIMETRY; RADIATION PYROMETRY
    • G01J3/00Spectrometry; Spectrophotometry; Monochromators; Measuring colours
    • G01J3/46Measurement of colour; Colour measuring devices, e.g. colorimeters

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  • Spectroscopy & Molecular Physics (AREA)
  • General Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
  • Spectrometry And Color Measurement (AREA)
  • Investigating Or Analysing Materials By Optical Means (AREA)

Abstract

本发明的一种便携式颜色测量仪属于光学测量领域的颜色测量设备。本发明的便携式颜色测量仪的外观为长方体,其顶部设计有手柄、测量按钮及触屏显示器,其底部设计有测量窗口并配有测量底盖。便携式颜色测量仪由光源、积分球、聚光镜、单色器、阵列CCD传感器、模数转换器、微处理器、存储器、电源等部件组成。测量光经过积分球收集匀化后,由高分辨率单色器及阵列CCD传感器进行分光与测量后,参考ISO等标准由微处理器计算出颜色参数。优良的设计确保便携式颜色测量仪具有测量精度高,可重复性好,测量效率高,携带方便,操作简单的优点,可广泛应用于布匹、纸张、染料、涂料、饮料、塑料等领域生产线现场的原料及产品的颜色测量。

A portable color measuring instrument of the invention belongs to color measuring equipment in the field of optical measurement. The appearance of the portable color measuring instrument of the present invention is a cuboid, and a handle, a measurement button and a touch screen display are designed on the top, and a measurement window and a measurement bottom cover are designed on the bottom. The portable color measuring instrument is composed of light source, integrating sphere, condenser, monochromator, array CCD sensor, analog-to-digital converter, microprocessor, memory, power supply and other components. After the measuring light is collected and homogenized by the integrating sphere, it is spectroscopically and measured by the high-resolution monochromator and array CCD sensor, and the color parameters are calculated by the microprocessor with reference to ISO and other standards. The excellent design ensures that the portable color measuring instrument has the advantages of high measurement accuracy, good repeatability, high measurement efficiency, convenient portability, and simple operation. It can be widely used in production lines of cloth, paper, dyes, paints, beverages, plastics, etc. Color measurement of raw materials and products.

Description

一种便携式颜色测量仪A portable color measuring instrument

技术领域technical field

本发明属于光学测量仪器领域的颜色测量设备,具体涉及一种便捷式颜色测量仪。The invention belongs to color measuring equipment in the field of optical measuring instruments, and in particular relates to a portable color measuring instrument.

背景技术Background technique

人们所能看到的物品都具有一定的颜色,因此颜色是人类的一种重要的感官体验。在日常生活中,人们可以通过简单的红、橙、黄、绿、蓝、靛、紫来对其所观察到的物品的颜色进行定性描述。但是在一些具体的生产领域,则需要由具体的参数来对被测量的材料的颜色进行定量描述。The objects that people can see all have a certain color, so color is an important sensory experience for human beings. In daily life, people can qualitatively describe the colors of the objects they observe through simple red, orange, yellow, green, blue, indigo, and purple. However, in some specific production fields, specific parameters are required to quantitatively describe the color of the measured material.

普通的分光光度计在光学测量方面的功能很强大,可以测量材料的透射率,反射率,吸收率,溶液浓度等参数。当然也可以对不同材料的颜色进行精确测量,并可以在特定的色空间中由具体的参数来对被测量的材料的颜色进行定量描述。但是普通的分光光度计在生产线的现场使用比较麻烦,主要表现在:一是普通的分光光度计的体积都比较庞大,不便于携带,且对使用环境的要求很高,需要规划出专门的空间来摆放和操作;二是普通的分光光度计的操作方法比较复杂,需要经过专业培训的人员才能上机操作;三是普通的分光光度计一般都采用波长扫描的测量方式,单个样品的测量时间较长,测量效率较低。Ordinary spectrophotometers are very powerful in optical measurement, and can measure parameters such as transmittance, reflectance, absorptivity, and solution concentration of materials. Of course, the color of different materials can also be accurately measured, and the color of the measured material can be quantitatively described by specific parameters in a specific color space. However, ordinary spectrophotometers are cumbersome to use on-site in the production line, mainly in the following aspects: First, ordinary spectrophotometers are relatively large in size, not easy to carry, and have high requirements for the use environment, and special space needs to be planned Second, the operation method of ordinary spectrophotometers is relatively complicated, and professionally trained personnel are required to operate on the machine; third, ordinary spectrophotometers generally adopt the measurement method of wavelength scanning, and the measurement of a single sample The time is longer and the measurement efficiency is lower.

对于一些具体的生产领域,比如布匹、纸张、染料、涂料、饮料、塑料等生产领域,常常需要对生产线不同位置的原料及产品的颜色现场进行及时、快速的测量与记录,这就要求所使用的颜色测量仪具有测量效率高,携带方便,操作简单等优点。For some specific production fields, such as cloth, paper, dyes, paints, beverages, plastics and other production fields, it is often necessary to measure and record the color of raw materials and products at different positions in the production line in a timely and rapid manner, which requires the use of The advanced color measuring instrument has the advantages of high measurement efficiency, easy to carry, and simple operation.

发明内容Contents of the invention

针对布匹、纸张、染料、涂料、饮料、塑料等领域生产线现场的原料及产品的颜色的及时、快速的测量需求,本发明提供了一种便捷式颜色测量仪,具有测量精度高,可重复性好,测量效率高,小巧轻便,携带方便,操作简单的优点。For the timely and rapid measurement of the color of raw materials and products on the production line in the fields of cloth, paper, dyes, paints, beverages, plastics, etc., the present invention provides a portable color measuring instrument with high measurement accuracy and repeatability Good, high measurement efficiency, small and light, easy to carry and easy to operate.

本发明的一种便捷式颜色测量仪的外观为长方体形状,长方体的长为18~25cm,长方体的宽与高的尺寸一致为8~12cm。所述便携式颜色测量仪顶部有手柄便于携带及操作,在手柄的一端有一个测量按钮用于控制便携式颜色测量仪的测量。所述便携式颜色测量仪顶部有一个触屏显示器,用于选择与显示测量数据。所述便携式颜色测量仪的底部有一个圆形的测量窗口,其孔径为0.5~1.0cm,在测量时光阱或标准白板或被测样品就置于测量窗口处并紧挨着测量窗口。所述便携式颜色测量仪的侧面配有USB接口用于给仪器电源充电及数据传输,并配有电源开关用于启动或关闭仪器。所述便携式颜色测量仪底面四周设计有小凹痕。The appearance of the portable color measuring instrument of the present invention is a cuboid shape, the length of the cuboid is 18-25 cm, and the width and height of the cuboid are 8-12 cm. There is a handle on the top of the portable color measuring instrument for easy carrying and operation, and there is a measurement button at one end of the handle for controlling the measurement of the portable color measuring instrument. The portable color meter has a touch screen display on top for selection and display of measurement data. There is a circular measurement window at the bottom of the portable color measuring instrument with an aperture of 0.5-1.0 cm. When measuring, the light trap or standard white board or the sample to be measured is placed at the measurement window and is next to the measurement window. The side of the portable color measuring instrument is equipped with a USB interface for charging the instrument and transmitting data, and is equipped with a power switch for starting or shutting down the instrument. Small indentations are designed around the bottom surface of the portable color measuring instrument.

所述便携式颜色测量仪配备了测量底盖,所述测量底盖为长方体水槽形状,其整体的长和宽的尺寸与便携式颜色测量仪的长和宽的尺寸一致,高为1~2cm。所述测量底盖的侧壁厚度为0.1~0.2cm,与便携式颜色测量仪底面四周的小凹痕匹配,测量时正好盖住便携式颜色测量仪的底部,从而消除了周围环境光对测量结果的影响。所述测量底盖内与便携式颜色测量仪的测量窗口匹配的位置有一个圆形的放样凹槽,用于放置光阱或标准白板或被测样品。所述便携式颜色测量仪配备有样品皿,所述样品皿的尺寸与测量底盖内放样凹槽的尺寸匹配。所述样品皿能够放置固态样品、液态样品、粉末样品、颗粒样品,且采用积分球收集样品的反射光(包括样品反射的各个方向的反射光),因而便携式颜色测量仪能够对固态、液态、粉末、颗粒等多种形态的材料样品进行颜色测量,具有非常广泛的应用领域。The portable color measuring instrument is equipped with a measuring bottom cover, the measuring bottom cover is in the shape of a cuboid tank, its overall length and width are consistent with those of the portable color measuring instrument, and the height is 1-2 cm. The thickness of the side wall of the measuring bottom cover is 0.1~0.2cm, which matches the small dents around the bottom of the portable color measuring instrument, and just covers the bottom of the portable color measuring instrument during measurement, thereby eliminating the influence of ambient light on the measurement results. influences. There is a circular lofting groove in the position matching the measurement window of the portable color measuring instrument in the measurement bottom cover, which is used to place a light trap or a standard white board or a sample to be measured. The portable color measuring instrument is equipped with a sample dish whose size matches the size of the stakeout groove in the measuring bottom cover. The sample dish can place solid samples, liquid samples, powder samples, and granular samples, and an integrating sphere is used to collect the reflected light of the sample (including reflected light from all directions reflected by the sample), so the portable color measuring instrument can measure solid, liquid, Color measurement of material samples in various forms such as powders and granules has a very wide range of applications.

所述便携式颜色测量仪由光学测量单元、微处理器、存储器、触屏显示器、USB接口、电源、线缆、外壳等部件组成。The portable color measuring instrument is composed of an optical measuring unit, a microprocessor, a memory, a touch screen display, a USB interface, a power supply, cables, a casing and other components.

所述光学测量单元由光源、积分球、聚光镜、单色器、阵列CCD传感器、模数转换器组成。所述光源为闪光光源,光谱的有效波长范围为360~800nm,光源的闪光强度和闪光时间由芯片控制,使得每次闪光的光通量非常高,且保证每次闪光的光通量一致,可以有效的提高仪器的信噪比。所述积分球的半径尺寸为2.5~5cm,内部涂有高反射率的白色漫反射涂层,能够对测量光起到很好的匀化作用,并收集经样品反射的所有反射光(无论样品是镜面反射还是漫反射)。所述聚光镜主要对测量光进行汇聚作用,以便更好的进入单色器。所述单色器采用固定波长结构,其功能为分光作用,即将入射狭缝进入的测量光分解为单色光,并由对应的出射狭缝射出。所述阵列CCD传感器紧贴单色器出射狭缝,用于测量各出射狭缝对应波长的光强。所述模数转换器的作用是将阵列CCD传感器测量得到的模拟信号转换成数字信号后再传输给微处理器进行数据处理。The optical measurement unit is composed of a light source, an integrating sphere, a condenser lens, a monochromator, an array CCD sensor, and an analog-to-digital converter. The light source is a flash light source, and the effective wavelength range of the spectrum is 360~800nm. The flash intensity and flash time of the light source are controlled by the chip, so that the luminous flux of each flash is very high, and the luminous flux of each flash is guaranteed to be consistent, which can effectively improve The signal-to-noise ratio of the instrument. The radius of the integrating sphere is 2.5~5cm, and the interior is coated with a white diffuse reflection coating with high reflectivity, which can homogenize the measurement light well and collect all the reflected light reflected by the sample (regardless of the sample be specular or diffuse). The condenser mainly converges the measurement light so as to better enter the monochromator. The monochromator adopts a fixed-wavelength structure, and its function is to split light, that is, to decompose the measurement light entering the incident slit into monochromatic light, and emit it from the corresponding exit slit. The array CCD sensor is close to the exit slit of the monochromator, and is used to measure the light intensity corresponding to the wavelength of each exit slit. The role of the analog-to-digital converter is to convert the analog signal measured by the array CCD sensor into a digital signal and then transmit it to the microprocessor for data processing.

所述微处理器用于处理和计算光学测量单元所获取的原始数据,计算出被测样品的颜色参数,并和存储器、触屏显示器、USB接口等部件进行通信。The microprocessor is used to process and calculate the raw data obtained by the optical measurement unit, calculate the color parameters of the tested sample, and communicate with memory, touch screen display, USB interface and other components.

所述触屏显示器用于显示当前测量数据,并可以选择查看历史测量数据。The touch screen display is used to display current measurement data, and can choose to view historical measurement data.

所述存储器用于存储测量数据及内部算法。The memory is used to store measurement data and internal algorithms.

所述电源为可充电的锂离子电池,用于对光学测量单元、微处理器等部件供电。The power supply is a rechargeable lithium-ion battery, which is used to supply power to components such as an optical measurement unit and a microprocessor.

所述便携式颜色测量仪的工作原理为:测量时,触动测量按钮,由光源发出的光在积分球内部经过多次漫反射匀化,同时被测样品的反射光由积分球收集匀化,测量光由积分球侧部的通光窗口射出到达聚光镜,聚光镜汇聚后由入射狭缝进入单色器,单色器内部的光栅等光学元件将测量光分解为单色光,并由对应的出射狭缝射出;再由阵列CCD传感器测量得出对应波长的光强,并由模数转换器将阵列CCD传感器测量得出的模拟信号转换为数字信号,并传输给微处理器进行数据处理。微处理器结合零点校准及标准白板校准的数据,计算出被测样品的反射率光谱。根据被测样品的反射率光谱进一步计算出被测样品在不同色空间中的颜色参数。测量得出的颜色参数由触屏显示器显示,同时由存储器进行存储供后期调用。所述便携式颜色测量仪的内部算法参考ISO、ASTM、GB/T等标准的计算方法,确保从原始测量数据到颜色参数转换方法准确可靠。The working principle of the portable color measuring instrument is as follows: when measuring, touch the measurement button, the light emitted by the light source will undergo multiple diffuse reflections and homogenization inside the integrating sphere, and at the same time, the reflected light of the measured sample will be collected and homogenized by the integrating sphere to measure The light is emitted from the light window on the side of the integrating sphere and reaches the condenser. After the condenser is converged, it enters the monochromator through the incident slit. Then the light intensity of the corresponding wavelength is measured by the array CCD sensor, and the analog signal measured by the array CCD sensor is converted into a digital signal by the analog-to-digital converter, and transmitted to the microprocessor for data processing. The microprocessor combines the data of zero point calibration and standard white board calibration to calculate the reflectance spectrum of the tested sample. The color parameters of the tested sample in different color spaces are further calculated according to the reflectance spectrum of the tested sample. The measured color parameters are displayed on the touch screen display and stored in the memory for later recall. The internal algorithm of the portable color measuring instrument refers to the calculation methods of ISO, ASTM, GB/T and other standards to ensure that the conversion method from original measurement data to color parameters is accurate and reliable.

所述便携式颜色测量仪的测量流程如下所述。The measurement process of the portable color measuring instrument is as follows.

(1)进行零点校准。(1) Carry out zero calibration.

将光阱置于测量底盖的放样凹槽内,便携式颜色测量仪放置在测量底盖上,测量底盖的侧壁与便携式颜色测量仪底部四周的小凹痕匹配,正好盖住便携式颜色测量仪的底部,则光阱正对并紧挨便携式颜色测量仪的测量窗口。触动测量按钮,光源产生的光束进入积分球,经过积分球内部多次漫反射匀化,同时照射到光阱上的光被光阱吸收,测量光由积分球侧部的通光窗口射向聚光镜,由聚光镜汇聚到单色器入射狭缝,并由单色器将测量光分解成不同波长的单色光,由对应的出射狭缝射出,再由阵列CCD传感器测量出对应波长的光强。经模数转换器将阵列CCD传感器测量到的模拟信号转换为数字信号传输给微处理器,由微处理器计算处理后作为零点的校准数据存储于存储器内待用。Place the light trap in the lofted groove of the measuring bottom cover, place the portable color meter on the measuring bottom cover, the side walls of the measuring bottom cover match the small indentations around the bottom of the portable color measuring instrument, just cover the portable color measuring instrument The bottom of the meter, the light trap is facing and next to the measurement window of the portable color meter. Touch the measurement button, the light beam generated by the light source enters the integrating sphere, and is homogenized by multiple diffuse reflections inside the integrating sphere. , is converged by the condenser to the incident slit of the monochromator, and the measurement light is decomposed into monochromatic light of different wavelengths by the monochromator, which is emitted from the corresponding exit slit, and then the light intensity of the corresponding wavelength is measured by the array CCD sensor. The analog signal measured by the array CCD sensor is converted into a digital signal through the analog-to-digital converter and transmitted to the microprocessor. After calculation and processing by the microprocessor, it is stored as zero-point calibration data in the memory for use.

(2)进行标准白板的校准。(2) Carry out the calibration of the standard white board.

将标准白板置于测量底盖的放样凹槽内,便携式颜色测量仪放置在测量底盖上,测量底盖的侧壁与便携式颜色测量仪底部四周的小凹痕匹配,正好盖住便携式颜色测量仪的底部,则标准白板正对并紧挨便携式颜色测量仪的测量窗口。触动测量按钮,光源产生的光束进入积分球,经过积分球内部多次漫反射匀化,同时标准白板的反射光由积分球收集匀化,测量光由积分球侧部的通光窗口射向聚光镜,由聚光镜汇聚到单色器入射狭缝,并由单色器将测量光分解成不同波长的单色光,由对应的出射狭缝射出,再由阵列CCD传感器测量出对应波长的光强。经模数转换器将阵列CCD传感器测量到的模拟信号转换为数字信号传输给微处理器,由微处理器计算处理后作为标准白板的校准数据存储于存储器内待用。Place the standard whiteboard in the lofted groove of the measurement bottom cover, place the portable color meter on the measurement bottom cover, the side walls of the measurement bottom cover match the small indentations around the bottom of the portable color meter, just cover the portable color measurement the bottom of the meter, the standard whiteboard is facing and next to the measurement window of the portable color meter. Touch the measurement button, the light beam generated by the light source enters the integrating sphere, and is homogenized by multiple diffuse reflections inside the integrating sphere. At the same time, the reflected light of the standard whiteboard is collected and homogenized by the integrating sphere, and the measuring light is directed to the condenser through the light window on the side of the integrating sphere , is converged by the condenser to the incident slit of the monochromator, and the measurement light is decomposed into monochromatic light of different wavelengths by the monochromator, which is emitted from the corresponding exit slit, and then the light intensity of the corresponding wavelength is measured by the array CCD sensor. The analog signal measured by the array CCD sensor is converted into a digital signal by the analog-to-digital converter and transmitted to the microprocessor. After calculation and processing by the microprocessor, it is stored in the memory as the calibration data of the standard whiteboard for use.

(3)进行样品测量并得出颜色参数。(3) Carry out sample measurement and derive color parameters.

将被测样品放置于样品皿内,并将装好样品的样品皿置于测量底盖的放样凹槽内,便携式颜色测量仪放置在测量底盖上,测量底盖的侧壁与便携式颜色测量仪底部四周的小凹痕匹配,正好盖住便携式颜色测量仪的底部,则被测样品正对并紧挨便携式颜色测量仪的测量窗口。触动测量按钮,光源产生的光束进入积分球,经过积分球内部多次漫反射匀化,同时被测样品的反射光由积分球收集匀化,测量光由积分球侧部的通光窗口射向聚光镜,由聚光镜汇聚到单色器入射狭缝,并由单色器将测量光分解成不同波长的单色光,由对应的出射狭缝射出,再由阵列CCD传感器测量出对应波长的光强。经模数转换器将阵列CCD传感器测量到的模拟信号转换为数字信号传输给微处理器,微处理器结合零点校准及标准白板校准的数据,计算出被测样品的反射率光谱。根据被测样品的反射率光谱进一步计算出被测样品在不同色空间中的颜色参数。测量得出的颜色参数由触屏显示器显示,同时由存储器进行存储供后期调用。Place the sample to be tested in the sample dish, and place the sample dish with the sample in the lofting groove of the measurement bottom cover, place the portable color measuring instrument on the measurement bottom cover, measure the side wall of the bottom cover and measure the color of the portable Match the small indentations around the bottom of the instrument, just cover the bottom of the portable color measuring instrument, then the sample to be tested is facing and close to the measurement window of the portable color measuring instrument. Touch the measurement button, the light beam generated by the light source enters the integrating sphere, and is homogenized by multiple diffuse reflections inside the integrating sphere. At the same time, the reflected light of the measured sample is collected and homogenized by the integrating sphere. Condenser, the condenser is converged to the incident slit of the monochromator, and the monochromator decomposes the measurement light into monochromatic light of different wavelengths, which is emitted from the corresponding exit slit, and then the light intensity of the corresponding wavelength is measured by the array CCD sensor . The analog signal measured by the array CCD sensor is converted into a digital signal by the analog-to-digital converter and transmitted to the microprocessor. The microprocessor combines the data of zero point calibration and standard white board calibration to calculate the reflectance spectrum of the tested sample. The color parameters of the tested sample in different color spaces are further calculated according to the reflectance spectrum of the tested sample. The measured color parameters are displayed on the touch screen display and stored in the memory for later recall.

所述便携式颜色测量仪可以采用不同的色空间来表示被测样品的颜色参数,且可以在这些不同的色空间之间选择切换,所采用的色空间包括CIE1931 XYZ色空间,CIELAB色空间,CIELUV色空间。The portable color measuring instrument can use different color spaces to represent the color parameters of the tested sample, and can switch between these different color spaces. The color spaces used include CIE1931 XYZ color space, CIELAB color space, CIELUV color space.

所述便携式颜色测量仪在进行样品测量过程中,可以选择一个测量样品作为参考样品,在进行其它样品的测量时,便携式颜色测量仪能测量并计算出被测样品与参考样品的色度差。During the sample measurement process, the portable color measuring instrument can select a measurement sample as a reference sample, and when measuring other samples, the portable color measuring instrument can measure and calculate the chromaticity difference between the measured sample and the reference sample.

所述便携式颜色测量仪在每次开启进行样品测量前,都需要进行零点校准和标准白板的校准。每次进行了零点校准与标准白板校准后,在进行一定次数的样品测量后,必须重新进行零点校准与标准白板校准。为确保样品测量的精度,在两次零点校准与标准白板校准之间可以进行样品测量的次数不能超过100次。Before the portable color measuring instrument is turned on for sample measurement each time, zero point calibration and calibration of a standard white board are required. After each zero-point calibration and standard white-board calibration, after a certain number of sample measurements, zero-point calibration and standard white-board calibration must be performed again. In order to ensure the accuracy of sample measurement, the number of sample measurements that can be performed between the two zero point calibrations and the standard white plate calibration cannot exceed 100 times.

与现有技术相比,本发明的一种便携式颜色测量仪主要有以下优点及增益效果。Compared with the prior art, a portable color measuring instrument of the present invention mainly has the following advantages and gain effects.

(1)本发明的便携式颜色测量仪的光学测量单元中所用光源为闪光光源,且光源的闪光强度和闪光时间由芯片控制,确保每次闪光的光通量很高,且保证每次闪光的光通量一致性良好,有效的提高了仪器的信噪比;所用积分球能够很好的收集匀化测量光束,高分辨率的单色器及阵列CCD传感器具有极高的测量精度;优良的设计与配备使得便携式颜色测量仪具有测量精度高,可重复性好,稳定性好的优点。(1) The light source used in the optical measurement unit of the portable color measuring instrument of the present invention is a flash light source, and the flash intensity and flash time of the light source are controlled by the chip to ensure that the luminous flux of each flash is high and the luminous flux of each flash is consistent Good performance, which effectively improves the signal-to-noise ratio of the instrument; the integrating sphere used can collect and homogenize the measurement beam well, and the high-resolution monochromator and array CCD sensor have extremely high measurement accuracy; excellent design and equipment make The portable color measuring instrument has the advantages of high measurement accuracy, good repeatability and good stability.

(2)本发明的便携式颜色测量仪采用固定波长结构的单色器及阵列CCD传感器,实现多波长同时测量,单个样品的测量时间短,测量效率高,很适合生产线的现场测试工作。(2) The portable color measuring instrument of the present invention adopts a monochromator with a fixed wavelength structure and an array CCD sensor to realize simultaneous measurement of multiple wavelengths. The measurement time of a single sample is short and the measurement efficiency is high, which is very suitable for on-site testing of production lines.

(3)本发明的便携式颜色测量仪的内部算法参考ISO、ASTM、GB/T等标准的计算方法,确保从原始测量数据到颜色参数转换方法准确可靠。(3) The internal algorithm of the portable color measuring instrument of the present invention refers to the calculation methods of ISO, ASTM, GB/T and other standards to ensure that the conversion method from original measurement data to color parameters is accurate and reliable.

(4)本发明的便携式颜色测量仪的功能完善,能够测量并计算出样品在不同色空间的颜色参数,对测量数据进行自动存储;并可以设定参考样品,测量时仪器能自动计算出被测样品与参考样品之间的色度差;操作界面友好,可以通过触屏显示器选择在不同色空间中显示被测样品的测量参数,并且可以调用查看历史测量数据;配备了USB接口,能够实现和外界的无障碍通信。(4) The portable color measuring instrument of the present invention has perfect functions, can measure and calculate the color parameters of the samples in different color spaces, and automatically store the measured data; and can set a reference sample, and the instrument can automatically calculate the color parameters of the sample when measuring. The chromaticity difference between the test sample and the reference sample; the operation interface is friendly, and the measurement parameters of the sample under test can be selected to be displayed in different color spaces through the touch screen display, and the historical measurement data can be called to view; equipped with a USB interface, it can realize Barrier-free communication with the outside world.

(5)本发明的便携式颜色测量仪具有体积小、重量轻、携带方便的优点,非常适用于生产线现场的原料及产品的颜色参数的快速测量与记录。(5) The portable color measuring instrument of the present invention has the advantages of small size, light weight, and easy portability, and is very suitable for rapid measurement and recording of color parameters of raw materials and products on the production line.

(6)本发明的便携式颜色测量仪的操作简单,测量方便,只需对操作人员进行简单的培训说明即可进行生产线样品的颜色测量工作。(6) The portable color measuring instrument of the present invention is simple in operation and convenient in measurement, and the color measurement of production line samples can be carried out only by simple training instructions for operators.

(7)本发明的便携式颜色测量仪能够测量多种形态的材料样品,包括固态样品、液态样品、粉末样品、颗粒样品,可广泛应用于布匹、纸张、染料、涂料、饮料、塑料等领域生产线现场的原料及产品的颜色测量。(7) The portable color measuring instrument of the present invention can measure material samples in various forms, including solid samples, liquid samples, powder samples, and granular samples, and can be widely used in the production lines of cloth, paper, dyes, paints, beverages, plastics, etc. On-site raw material and product color measurement.

附图说明Description of drawings

图1便携式颜色测量仪俯视示意图。Figure 1 The schematic diagram of the top view of the portable color measuring instrument.

图2便携式颜色测量仪仰视示意图。Figure 2 Schematic diagram of the portable color measuring instrument looking up.

图3便携式颜色测量仪侧视示意图。Figure 3 is a schematic diagram of a side view of a portable color measuring instrument.

图4便携式颜色测量仪内部结构示意图。Figure 4 is a schematic diagram of the internal structure of the portable color measuring instrument.

图5便携式颜色测量仪工作原理示意图。Figure 5 Schematic diagram of the working principle of the portable color measuring instrument.

图中标记:101—手柄,102—测量按钮,103—触屏显示器,104—便携式颜色测量仪底部四周的小凹痕,201—测量底盖,202—被测样品,203—测量底盖的侧壁,301—光源,302—积分球,303—通光窗口,304—测量窗口,305—聚光镜,306—单色器,307—阵列CCD传感器,308—模数转换器,309—微处理器,310—电源,311—存储器,312—USB接口。Marks in the figure: 101—handle, 102—measurement button, 103—touch screen display, 104—small dent around the bottom of the portable color measuring instrument, 201—measurement bottom cover, 202—tested sample, 203—measurement bottom cover Side wall, 301—light source, 302—integrating sphere, 303—optical window, 304—measurement window, 305—condenser, 306—monochromator, 307—array CCD sensor, 308—analog-to-digital converter, 309—microprocessing Device, 310—power supply, 311—memory, 312—USB interface.

具体实施方式Detailed ways

为了更加清楚描述本发明的内容,以下将结合附图及实施例对本发明的内容进行详细叙述。应该理解下面的实施例是为了进一步说明本发明,并不限制本发明的内容。In order to describe the content of the present invention more clearly, the content of the present invention will be described in detail below in conjunction with the drawings and embodiments. It should be understood that the following examples are for further illustrating the present invention, but not limiting the content of the present invention.

在本实施例中,便携式颜色测量仪的外观为长方体形状,具体如图1、图2、图3所示。所述便携式颜色测量仪的长为20cm,宽与高的尺寸一致为10cm。在便携式颜色测量仪顶部有手柄101便于携带及操作,在手柄的一端有一个测量按钮102用于控制便携式颜色测量仪的测量。在便携式颜色测量仪顶部有一个触屏显示器103,用于选择与显示测量数据。便携式颜色测量仪的底部有一个圆形的测量窗口304,其孔径为0.5cm。在便携式颜色测量仪的侧面配有USB接口312用于给仪器电源充电及数据传输,并配有电源开关用于启动或关闭仪器。便携式颜色测量仪底面四周有小凹痕104。In this embodiment, the appearance of the portable color measuring instrument is in the shape of a cuboid, as shown in Fig. 1 , Fig. 2 and Fig. 3 . The length of the portable color measuring instrument is 20cm, and the dimensions of width and height are 10cm. There is a handle 101 on the top of the portable color measuring instrument for easy carrying and operation, and there is a measurement button 102 at one end of the handle for controlling the measurement of the portable color measuring instrument. There is a touch screen display 103 on top of the portable color measuring instrument for selecting and displaying measurement data. There is a circular measuring window 304 at the bottom of the portable color measuring instrument, and its aperture is 0.5 cm. The side of the portable color measuring instrument is equipped with a USB interface 312 for charging the instrument and transmitting data, and is equipped with a power switch for starting or shutting down the instrument. There are small indentations 104 around the bottom of the portable color meter.

本实施例的便携式颜色测量仪配备了测量底盖201,如图3、图4中所示。所述测量底盖为长方体水槽形状,其整体的长和宽的尺寸与便携式颜色测量仪的长和宽的尺寸一致分别为20cm和10cm,高为2cm。测量底盖的侧壁203的厚度为0.2cm,与便携式颜色测量仪底面四周的小凹痕104匹配,测量时正好盖住便携式颜色测量仪的底部,从而消除了周围环境光对测量结果的影响。所述测量底盖内与便携式颜色测量仪的测量窗口匹配的位置有一个圆形的放样凹槽,用于放置光阱或标准白板或被测样品202。所述便携式颜色测量仪配备有样品皿,所述样品皿的尺寸与测量底盖内放样凹槽的尺寸匹配。所述样品皿能够放置固态样品、液态样品、粉末样品、颗粒样品,且采用积分球收集样品的反射光(包括样品反射的各个方向的反射光),因而便携式颜色测量仪能够对固态、液态、粉末、颗粒等多种形态的材料样品进行颜色测量,具有非常广泛的应用领域。The portable color measuring instrument of this embodiment is equipped with a measuring bottom cover 201, as shown in Fig. 3 and Fig. 4 . The measuring bottom cover is in the shape of a cuboid tank, and its overall length and width are 20cm and 10cm respectively, and the length and width of the portable color measuring instrument are consistent, and the height is 2cm. The thickness of the side wall 203 of the measuring bottom cover is 0.2cm, which matches the small indentation 104 around the bottom surface of the portable color measuring instrument, and just covers the bottom of the portable color measuring instrument during measurement, thereby eliminating the influence of ambient light on the measurement results . There is a circular lofting groove in the position matching the measurement window of the portable color measuring instrument in the measurement bottom cover, which is used to place a light trap or a standard white board or a measured sample 202 . The portable color measuring instrument is equipped with a sample dish whose size matches the size of the stakeout groove in the measuring bottom cover. The sample dish can place solid samples, liquid samples, powder samples, and granular samples, and an integrating sphere is used to collect the reflected light of the sample (including reflected light from all directions reflected by the sample), so the portable color measuring instrument can measure solid, liquid, Color measurement of material samples in various forms such as powders and granules has a very wide range of applications.

本实施例的便携式颜色测量仪由光学测量单元、微处理器309、存储器311、触屏显示器103、USB接口312、电源310、线缆、外壳等部件组成,如图4所示。The portable color measuring instrument of this embodiment is composed of an optical measurement unit, a microprocessor 309, a memory 311, a touch screen display 103, a USB interface 312, a power supply 310, cables, and a housing, as shown in FIG. 4 .

本实施例的光学测量单元由光源301、积分球302、聚光镜305、单色器306、阵列CCD传感器307、模数转换器308组成。所述光源301为闪光光源,光谱的有效波长范围为360~800nm,光源的闪光强度和闪光时间由芯片控制,使得每次闪光的光通量非常高,且保证每次闪光的光通量一致,可以有效的提高仪器的信噪比。所述积分球302的半径尺寸为4cm,内部涂有高反射率的白色漫反射涂层,能够对测量光起到很好的匀化作用,并收集经样品反射的所有反射光(无论样品是镜面反射还是漫反射)。所述聚光镜305主要对测量光进行汇聚作用,以便更好的进入单色器。所述单色器306为固定波长结构,其功能为分光作用,即将入射狭缝进入的测量光分解为单色光,并由对应的出射狭缝射出。所述阵列CCD传感器307紧贴单色器306出射狭缝,用于测量各出射狭缝对应波长的光强。所述模数转换器308的作用是将阵列CCD传感器307测量得到的模拟信号转换成数字信号后再传输给微处理器309进行数据处理。The optical measurement unit of this embodiment is composed of a light source 301 , an integrating sphere 302 , a condenser lens 305 , a monochromator 306 , an array CCD sensor 307 , and an analog-to-digital converter 308 . The light source 301 is a flash light source, and the effective wavelength range of the spectrum is 360-800nm. The flash intensity and flash time of the light source are controlled by the chip, so that the luminous flux of each flash is very high, and the luminous flux of each flash is guaranteed to be consistent, which can effectively Improve the signal-to-noise ratio of the instrument. The radius of the integrating sphere 302 is 4cm, and the inside is coated with a white diffuse reflection coating with high reflectivity, which can well homogenize the measurement light and collect all reflected light reflected by the sample (no matter the sample is Specular or Diffuse). The condenser lens 305 mainly converges the measurement light so as to better enter the monochromator. The monochromator 306 is a fixed-wavelength structure, and its function is to split light, that is, to decompose the measurement light entering the incident slit into monochromatic light, and emit it from the corresponding exit slit. The array CCD sensor 307 is close to the exit slit of the monochromator 306, and is used to measure the light intensity corresponding to the wavelength of each exit slit. The role of the analog-to-digital converter 308 is to convert the analog signal measured by the array CCD sensor 307 into a digital signal and then transmit it to the microprocessor 309 for data processing.

本实施例的微处理器309用于处理和计算光学测量单元所获取的原始数据,计算出被测样品的颜色参数,并和存储器311、触屏显示器103、USB接口312等部件进行通信。The microprocessor 309 in this embodiment is used to process and calculate the raw data acquired by the optical measurement unit, calculate the color parameters of the measured sample, and communicate with the memory 311 , touch screen display 103 , USB interface 312 and other components.

本实施例的触屏显示器103用于显示当前测量数据,并可以选择查看历史测量数据。The touch screen display 103 in this embodiment is used to display current measurement data, and can choose to view historical measurement data.

本实施例的存储器311用于存储测量数据及内部算法。The memory 311 in this embodiment is used to store measurement data and internal algorithms.

本实施例的电源310为可充电的锂离子电池,用于对光学测量单元、微处理器等部件供电。The power supply 310 in this embodiment is a rechargeable lithium-ion battery, which is used to supply power to components such as an optical measurement unit and a microprocessor.

本实施例中的便携式颜色测量仪的工作原理如图5所示:测量时,触动测量按钮,由光源301发出的光在积分球302内部经过多次漫反射匀化,同时被测样品202的反射光由积分球收集匀化,测量光由积分球侧部的通光窗口303射出到达聚光镜305,聚光镜305汇聚后由入射狭缝进入单色器306,单色器306内部的光栅等光学元件将测量光分解为单色光,并由对应的出射狭缝射出;再由阵列CCD传感器307测量得出对应波长的光强,并由模数转换器308将阵列CCD传感器307测量得出的模拟信号转换为数字信号,并传输给微处理器309进行数据处理。微处理器309结合零点校准与标准白板校准的数据计算出被测样品的反射率光谱,根据被测样品的反射率光谱进一步计算出被测样品在不同色空间中的颜色参数。测量得出的颜色参数由触屏显示器103显示,同时由存储器311进行存储供后期调用。所述便携式颜色测量仪的内部算法参考ISO、ASTM、GB/T等标准的计算方法,确保从原始测量数据到颜色参数转换方法准确可靠。The working principle of the portable color measuring instrument in this embodiment is shown in Figure 5: when measuring, touch the measurement button, and the light emitted by the light source 301 will undergo multiple diffuse reflections and homogenization inside the integrating sphere 302, and the measured sample 202 will be homogenized at the same time. The reflected light is collected and homogenized by the integrating sphere, and the measuring light is emitted from the light-passing window 303 on the side of the integrating sphere to reach the condenser lens 305. After the condenser lens 305 converges, it enters the monochromator 306 through the incident slit, and the optical elements such as the grating inside the monochromator 306 Decompose the measurement light into monochromatic light, and emit it from the corresponding exit slit; then measure the light intensity of the corresponding wavelength by the array CCD sensor 307, and use the analog-to-digital converter 308 to simulate the measured light intensity of the array CCD sensor 307 The signal is converted into a digital signal and transmitted to the microprocessor 309 for data processing. The microprocessor 309 calculates the reflectance spectrum of the tested sample by combining the data of the zero point calibration and the standard whiteboard calibration, and further calculates the color parameters of the tested sample in different color spaces according to the reflectance spectrum of the tested sample. The measured color parameters are displayed by the touch screen display 103 and stored by the memory 311 for later recall. The internal algorithm of the portable color measuring instrument refers to the calculation methods of ISO, ASTM, GB/T and other standards to ensure that the conversion method from original measurement data to color parameters is accurate and reliable.

本实施例的便携式颜色测量仪的测量流程如下所述,参考图4、图5。The measurement process of the portable color measuring instrument of this embodiment is as follows, refer to FIG. 4 and FIG. 5 .

(1)进行零点校准。(1) Carry out zero calibration.

将光阱置于测量底盖201的放样凹槽内,便携式颜色测量仪放置在测量底盖201上,测量底盖201的侧壁203与便携式颜色测量仪底部四周的小凹痕104匹配,正好盖住便携式颜色测量仪的底部,则光阱正对并紧挨便携式颜色测量仪的测量窗口304。触动测量按钮102,光源301产生的光束进入积分球302,经过积分球302内部多次漫反射匀化,同时照射到光阱上的光被光阱吸收,测量光由积分球302侧部的通光窗口303射向聚光镜305,由聚光镜305汇聚到单色器306的入射狭缝,并由单色器306将测量光分解成不同波长的单色光,由对应的出射狭缝射出,再由阵列CCD传感器307测量出对应波长的光强。经模数转换器308将阵列CCD传感器307测量到的模拟信号转换为数字信号传输给微处理器309,由微处理器309计算处理后作为零点的校准数据存储于存储器311内待用。Place the light trap in the lofting groove of the measurement bottom cover 201, place the portable color measuring instrument on the measurement bottom cover 201, and match the side wall 203 of the measurement bottom cover 201 with the small indentations 104 around the bottom of the portable color measurement instrument, exactly With the bottom of the portable color meter covered, the light trap is facing and next to the measurement window 304 of the portable color meter. Touch the measurement button 102, the light beam generated by the light source 301 enters the integrating sphere 302, and is homogenized by multiple diffuse reflections inside the integrating sphere 302. The light window 303 shoots to the condenser lens 305, which is converged by the condenser lens 305 to the incident slit of the monochromator 306, and the measurement light is decomposed into monochromatic light of different wavelengths by the monochromator 306, which is emitted by the corresponding exit slit, and then The array CCD sensor 307 measures the light intensity corresponding to the wavelength. The analog signal measured by the array CCD sensor 307 is converted into a digital signal by the analog-to-digital converter 308 and transmitted to the microprocessor 309. After calculation and processing by the microprocessor 309, it is stored in the memory 311 as zero point calibration data for use.

(2)进行标准白板的校准。(2) Carry out the calibration of the standard white board.

将标准白板置于测量底盖201的放样凹槽内,便携式颜色测量仪放置在测量底盖201上,测量底盖201的侧壁203与便携式颜色测量仪底部四周的小凹痕104匹配,正好盖住便携式颜色测量仪的底部,则标准白板正对并紧挨便携式颜色测量仪的测量窗口304。触动测量按钮102,光源产生的光束进入积分球302,经过积分球302内部多次漫反射匀化,同时标准白板的反射光由积分球收集匀化,测量光由积分球302侧部的通光窗口303射向聚光镜305,由聚光镜305汇聚到单色器306入射狭缝,并由单色器306将测量光分解成不同波长的单色光,由对应的出射狭缝射出,再由阵列CCD传感器307测量出对应波长的光强。经模数转换器308将阵列CCD传感器307测量到的模拟信号转换为数字信号传输给微处理器309,由微处理器309计算处理后作为标准白板的校准数据存储于存储器311内待用。Place the standard whiteboard in the lofting groove of the measurement bottom cover 201, place the portable color measuring instrument on the measurement bottom cover 201, and match the side wall 203 of the measurement bottom cover 201 with the small indentation 104 around the bottom of the portable color measurement instrument. Covering the bottom of the portable color measuring instrument, the standard whiteboard is facing and next to the measurement window 304 of the portable color measuring instrument. Touch the measurement button 102, the light beam generated by the light source enters the integrating sphere 302, and undergoes multiple diffuse reflections inside the integrating sphere 302 for homogenization. The window 303 shoots to the condenser lens 305, which is converged by the condenser lens 305 to the incident slit of the monochromator 306, and the measurement light is decomposed into monochromatic light of different wavelengths by the monochromator 306. The sensor 307 measures the light intensity corresponding to the wavelength. The analog signal measured by the array CCD sensor 307 is converted into a digital signal by the analog-to-digital converter 308 and transmitted to the microprocessor 309. After calculation and processing by the microprocessor 309, it is stored in the memory 311 as calibration data of a standard whiteboard for use.

(3)进行样品测量并得出颜色参数。(3) Carry out sample measurement and derive color parameters.

将被测样品放置于样品皿内,并将装好样品的样品皿置于测量底盖201的放样凹槽内,便携式颜色测量仪放置在测量底盖201上,测量底盖201的侧壁203与便携式颜色测量仪底部四周的小凹痕104匹配,正好盖住便携式颜色测量仪的底部,则被测样品正对并紧挨便携式颜色测量仪的测量窗口304。触动测量按钮102,光源产生的光束进入积分球302,经过积分球302内部多次漫反射匀化,同时被测样品202的反射光由积分球收集匀化,测量光由积分球302侧部的通光窗口303射向聚光镜305,由聚光镜305汇聚到单色器306入射狭缝,并由单色器306将测量光分解成不同波长的单色光,由对应的出射狭缝射出,再由阵列CCD传感器307测量出对应波长的光强。经模数转换器308将阵列CCD传感器307测量到的模拟信号转换为数字信号传输给微处理器309,微处理器309结合零点校准及标准白板校准的数据,计算出被测样品202的反射率光谱。根据被测样品的反射率光谱进一步计算出被测样品在CIE1931 XYZ色空间,CIELAB色空间,CIELUV色空间中的颜色参数。测量得出的颜色参数由触屏显示器103显示,同时由存储器311进行存储供后期调用。The sample to be tested is placed in the sample dish, and the sample dish loaded with the sample is placed in the lofting groove of the measurement bottom cover 201, the portable color measuring instrument is placed on the measurement bottom cover 201, and the side wall 203 of the measurement bottom cover 201 is measured. Match the small indentations 104 around the bottom of the portable color measuring instrument, just cover the bottom of the portable color measuring instrument, then the sample to be tested is facing and close to the measurement window 304 of the portable color measuring instrument. When the measurement button 102 is touched, the light beam generated by the light source enters the integrating sphere 302 and undergoes multiple diffuse reflections inside the integrating sphere 302 for homogenization. The light-passing window 303 shoots to the condenser lens 305, and is converged by the condenser lens 305 to the incident slit of the monochromator 306, and the monochromator 306 decomposes the measurement light into monochromatic light of different wavelengths, and emits it from the corresponding exit slit, and then The array CCD sensor 307 measures the light intensity corresponding to the wavelength. The analog signal measured by the array CCD sensor 307 is converted into a digital signal by the analog-to-digital converter 308 and transmitted to the microprocessor 309, and the microprocessor 309 calculates the reflectance of the sample 202 to be tested in combination with the data of zero point calibration and standard whiteboard calibration spectrum. According to the reflectance spectrum of the tested sample, the color parameters of the tested sample in the CIE1931 XYZ color space, CIELAB color space and CIELUV color space are further calculated. The measured color parameters are displayed by the touch screen display 103 and stored by the memory 311 for later recall.

在本实施例中,所述便携式颜色测量仪在每次开启进行样品测量前,都需要进行零点校准和标准白板的校准。每次进行了零点校准与标准白板校准后,在进行一定次数的样品测量后,必须重新进行零点校准与标准白板校准。为确保样品测量的精度,在两次零点校准与标准白板校准之间可以进行样品测量的次数不能超过100次。In this embodiment, the portable color measuring instrument needs to perform zero point calibration and standard whiteboard calibration before each time it is turned on for sample measurement. After each zero-point calibration and standard white-board calibration, after a certain number of sample measurements, zero-point calibration and standard white-board calibration must be performed again. In order to ensure the accuracy of sample measurement, the number of sample measurements that can be performed between the two zero point calibrations and the standard white plate calibration cannot exceed 100 times.

本实施例中的便携式颜色测量仪,具有测量精度高,可重复性好,测量效率高,小巧轻便,携带方便,操作简单等优点。The portable color measuring instrument in this embodiment has the advantages of high measurement accuracy, good repeatability, high measurement efficiency, small size, light weight, convenient portability, and simple operation.

Claims (9)

1.一种便携式颜色测量仪,其特征在于:便携式颜色测量仪具有测量精度高,可重复性好,测量效率高,小巧轻便,携带方便,操作简单的优点,可广泛应用于布匹、纸张、染料、涂料、饮料、塑料等领域的生产线现场的原料及产品的颜色测量。1. A portable color measuring instrument, characterized in that: the portable color measuring instrument has the advantages of high measurement accuracy, good repeatability, high measurement efficiency, small and light, easy to carry, and simple operation, and can be widely used in cloth, paper, Color measurement of raw materials and products on the production line in the fields of dyes, paints, beverages, plastics, etc. 2.根据权利要求1所述的一种便捷式颜色测量仪,其特征在于:所述便携式颜色测量仪的外观为长方体形状,长方体的长为18~25cm,长方体的宽与高的尺寸一致为8~12cm;所述便携式颜色测量仪顶部设计有手柄、测量按钮及触屏显示器;所述便携式颜色测量仪的底部设计有一个圆形的测量窗口,其孔径为0.5~1.0cm;所述便携式颜色测量仪的侧面设计有USB接口,并配有电源开关用于启动或关闭仪器;所述便携式颜色测量仪底面四周设计有小凹痕;所述便携式颜色测量仪配备了测量底盖,测量底盖的侧壁与便携式颜色测量仪的底面四周的小凹痕匹配,测量时正好盖住便携式颜色测量仪的底部从而消除周围环境光对测量结果的影响;所述测量底盖内与便携式颜色测量仪的测量窗口匹配的位置有一个圆形的放样凹槽,用于放置光阱或标准白板或待测样品;所述便携式颜色测量仪配备有样品皿,所述样品皿的尺寸与测量底盖内放样凹槽的尺寸匹配;所述样品皿能够放置固态样品、液态样品、粉末样品、颗粒样品,且采用积分球收集样品的反射光(包括样品反射的各个方向的反射光),因而便携式颜色测量仪能够测量固态、液态、粉末、颗粒等多种形态的材料样品的颜色。2. A portable color measuring instrument according to claim 1, characterized in that: the appearance of the portable color measuring instrument is in the shape of a cuboid, the length of the cuboid is 18-25 cm, and the width and height of the cuboid are consistent as 8 ~ 12cm; the top of the portable color measuring instrument is designed with a handle, a measurement button and a touch screen display; the bottom of the portable color measuring instrument is designed with a circular measuring window, and its aperture is 0.5 ~ 1.0cm; the portable color measuring instrument The side of the color measuring instrument is designed with a USB interface, and is equipped with a power switch for starting or shutting down the instrument; the bottom of the portable color measuring instrument is designed with small dents; the portable color measuring instrument is equipped with a measuring bottom cover, and the measuring bottom The side wall of the cover matches the small indentation around the bottom surface of the portable color measuring instrument, which just covers the bottom of the portable color measuring instrument during measurement so as to eliminate the influence of ambient light on the measurement results; There is a circular lofting groove at the matching position of the measurement window of the instrument, which is used to place a light trap or a standard white board or a sample to be tested; the portable color measuring instrument is equipped with a sample dish, and the size of the sample dish is the same as the measurement bottom cover The size of the inner lofting groove matches; the sample container can place solid samples, liquid samples, powder samples, and granular samples, and uses an integrating sphere to collect the reflected light of the sample (including reflected light from all directions reflected by the sample), so the portable color The measuring instrument can measure the color of material samples in various forms such as solid, liquid, powder, and granule. 3.根据权利要求1所述的一种便捷式颜色测量仪,其特征在于:所述便携式颜色测量仪由光学测量单元、微处理器、存储器、触屏显示器、USB接口、电源、线缆、外壳等部件组成。3. A portable color measuring instrument according to claim 1, characterized in that: said portable color measuring instrument consists of an optical measuring unit, a microprocessor, a memory, a touch screen display, a USB interface, a power supply, a cable, The shell and other components are composed. 4.根据权利要求3所述的一种便捷式颜色测量仪,其特征在于:所述光学测量单元由光源、积分球、聚光镜、单色器、阵列CCD传感器、模数转换器组成;所述光源为闪光光源,光谱的有效波长范围为360~800nm,光源的闪光强度和闪光时间由芯片控制,使得每次闪光的光通量非常高,且保证每次闪光的光通量一致,可以有效的提高仪器的信噪比;所述积分球的半径尺寸为2.5~5cm,内部涂有高反射率的白色漫反射涂层,能够对测量光起到很好的匀化作用,并收集经样品反射的所有反射光(无论样品是镜面反射还是漫反射);所述聚光镜主要对测量光进行汇聚作用,以便更好的进入单色器;所述单色器为固定波长结构,其功能为分光作用,即将入射狭缝进入的测量光分解为单色光,并由对应的出射狭缝射出;所述阵列CCD传感器紧贴单色器的出射狭缝,用于测量各出射狭缝对应波长的光强;所述模数转换器的作用是将阵列CCD传感器测量得到的模拟信号转换成数字信号后再传输给微处理器进行数据处理。4. A kind of portable color measuring instrument according to claim 3, is characterized in that: described optical measurement unit is made up of light source, integrating sphere, condenser lens, monochromator, array CCD sensor, analog-to-digital converter; The light source is a flash light source, and the effective wavelength range of the spectrum is 360~800nm. The flash intensity and flash time of the light source are controlled by the chip, so that the luminous flux of each flash is very high, and the luminous flux of each flash is guaranteed to be consistent, which can effectively improve the performance of the instrument. Signal-to-noise ratio; the radius of the integrating sphere is 2.5~5cm, and the inside is coated with a white diffuse reflection coating with high reflectivity, which can homogenize the measurement light well and collect all reflections reflected by the sample Light (regardless of whether the sample is specular reflection or diffuse reflection); the condenser mainly converges the measurement light so that it can better enter the monochromator; the monochromator is a fixed wavelength structure, and its function is to split the light. The measurement light entering the slit is decomposed into monochromatic light, and is emitted from the corresponding exit slit; the array CCD sensor is close to the exit slit of the monochromator, and is used to measure the light intensity corresponding to the wavelength of each exit slit; The role of the analog-to-digital converter is to convert the analog signal measured by the array CCD sensor into a digital signal and then transmit it to the microprocessor for data processing. 5.根据权利要求3所述的一种便捷式颜色测量仪,其特征在于:所述便携式颜色测量仪的工作原理为:测量时,触动测量按钮,由光源发出的光在积分球内部经过多次漫反射匀化,同时被测样品的反射光由积分球收集匀化,测量光由积分球侧部的通光窗口射出到达聚光镜,聚光镜汇聚后由入射狭缝进入单色器,单色器内部的光栅等光学元件将测量光分解为单色光,并由对应的出射狭缝射出;再由阵列CCD传感器测量得出对应波长的光强,并由模数转换器将阵列CCD传感器测量得出的模拟信号转换为数字信号,并传输给微处理器进行数据处理;微处理器结合零点校准与标准白板校准的数据计算出被测样品的反射率光谱,根据被测样品的反射率光谱进一步计算出被测样品在不同色空间中的颜色参数;测量得出的颜色参数由触屏显示器显示,同时由存储器进行存储供后期调用;所述便携式颜色测量仪的内部算法参考ISO、ASTM、GB/T等标准的计算方法,确保从原始测量数据到颜色参数转换方法准确可靠。5. A portable color measuring instrument according to claim 3, characterized in that: the working principle of the portable color measuring instrument is: when measuring, touch the measurement button, and the light emitted by the light source passes through the integrating sphere for many times. Sub-diffuse reflection is homogenized, and the reflected light of the measured sample is collected and homogenized by the integrating sphere, and the measuring light is emitted from the light window on the side of the integrating sphere to the condenser, and after the condenser is converged, it enters the monochromator through the incident slit, and the monochromator Optical elements such as internal gratings decompose the measurement light into monochromatic light, and emit it from the corresponding exit slit; then the light intensity of the corresponding wavelength is measured by the array CCD sensor, and the array CCD sensor measures the light intensity by the analog-to-digital converter. The output analog signal is converted into a digital signal, and transmitted to the microprocessor for data processing; the microprocessor calculates the reflectance spectrum of the tested sample by combining the data of zero point calibration and standard white board calibration, and further Calculate the color parameters of the tested sample in different color spaces; the measured color parameters are displayed by the touch screen display, and stored in the memory for later recall; the internal algorithm of the portable color measuring instrument refers to ISO, ASTM, GB /T and other standard calculation methods to ensure that the conversion method from original measurement data to color parameters is accurate and reliable. 6.根据权利要求3所述的一种便捷式颜色测量仪,其特征在于:所述便携式颜色测量仪的测量流程如下所述:6. A portable color measuring instrument according to claim 3, characterized in that: the measurement process of the portable color measuring instrument is as follows: (1)进行零点校准(1) Carry out zero calibration 将光阱置于测量底盖的放样凹槽内,便携式颜色测量仪放置在测量底盖上,测量底盖的侧壁与便携式颜色测量仪底部四周的小凹痕匹配,正好盖住便携式颜色测量仪的底部,则光阱正对并紧挨便携式颜色测量仪的测量窗口;触动测量按钮,光源产生的光束进入积分球,经过积分球内部多次漫反射匀化,同时照射到光阱上的光被光阱吸收,测量光由积分球侧部的通光窗口射向聚光镜,由聚光镜汇聚到单色器入射狭缝,并由单色器将测量光分解成不同波长的单色光,由对应的出射狭缝射出,再由阵列CCD传感器测量出对应波长的光强;经模数转换器将阵列CCD传感器测量到的模拟信号转换为数字信号传输给微处理器,由微处理器计算处理后作为零点的校准数据存储于存储器内待用;Place the light trap in the lofted groove of the measuring bottom cover, place the portable color meter on the measuring bottom cover, the side walls of the measuring bottom cover match the small indentations around the bottom of the portable color measuring instrument, just cover the portable color measuring instrument At the bottom of the instrument, the light trap is facing and close to the measurement window of the portable color measuring instrument; touch the measurement button, the light beam generated by the light source enters the integrating sphere, is diffused and homogenized by multiple diffuse reflections inside the integrating sphere, and irradiates the light on the light trap at the same time. The light is absorbed by the light trap, and the measurement light is directed to the condenser through the light-passing window at the side of the integrating sphere, converged by the condenser to the incident slit of the monochromator, and the measurement light is decomposed into monochromatic light of different wavelengths by the monochromator. The corresponding exit slit is emitted, and the light intensity of the corresponding wavelength is measured by the array CCD sensor; the analog signal measured by the array CCD sensor is converted into a digital signal by the analog-to-digital converter and transmitted to the microprocessor, which is calculated and processed by the microprocessor Afterwards, the calibration data as the zero point is stored in the memory for use; (2)进行标准白板的校准(2) Carry out the calibration of the standard white board 将标准白板置于测量底盖的放样凹槽内,便携式颜色测量仪放置在测量底盖上,测量底盖的侧壁与便携式颜色测量仪底部四周的小凹痕匹配,正好盖住便携式颜色测量仪的底部,则标准白板正对并紧挨便携式颜色测量仪的测量窗口;触动测量按钮,光源产生的光束进入积分球,经过积分球内部多次漫反射匀化,同时标准白板的反射光由积分球收集匀化,测量光由积分球侧部的通光窗口射向聚光镜,由聚光镜汇聚到单色器入射狭缝,并由单色器将测量光分解成不同波长的单色光,由对应的出射狭缝射出,再由阵列CCD传感器测量出对应波长的光强;经模数转换器将阵列CCD传感器测量到的模拟信号转换为数字信号传输给微处理器,由微处理器计算处理后作为标准白板的校准数据存储于存储器内待用;Place the standard whiteboard in the lofted groove of the measurement bottom cover, place the portable color meter on the measurement bottom cover, the side walls of the measurement bottom cover match the small indentations around the bottom of the portable color meter, just cover the portable color measurement At the bottom of the instrument, the standard whiteboard is directly facing and close to the measurement window of the portable color measuring instrument; when the measurement button is touched, the light beam generated by the light source enters the integrating sphere and is homogenized by multiple diffuse reflections inside the integrating sphere. The integrating sphere collects and homogenizes, and the measuring light is directed to the condenser through the light window on the side of the integrating sphere, and is converged by the condenser to the incident slit of the monochromator, and the measuring light is decomposed into monochromatic light of different wavelengths by the monochromator. The corresponding exit slit is emitted, and the light intensity of the corresponding wavelength is measured by the array CCD sensor; the analog signal measured by the array CCD sensor is converted into a digital signal by the analog-to-digital converter and transmitted to the microprocessor, which is calculated and processed by the microprocessor Afterwards, it will be used as the calibration data of the standard whiteboard and stored in the memory for use; (3)进行样品测量并得出颜色参数(3) Carry out sample measurement and obtain color parameters 将被测样品放置于样品皿内,并将装好样品的样品皿置于测量底盖的放样凹槽内,便携式颜色测量仪放置在测量底盖上,测量底盖的侧壁与便携式颜色测量仪底部四周的小凹痕匹配,正好盖住便携式颜色测量仪的底部,则被测样品正对并紧挨便携式颜色测量仪的测量窗口;触动测量按钮,光源产生的光束进入积分球,经过积分球内部多次漫反射匀化,同时被测样品的反射光由积分球收集匀化,测量光由积分球侧部的通光窗口射向聚光镜,由聚光镜汇聚到单色器入射狭缝,并由单色器将测量光分解成不同波长的单色光,由对应的出射狭缝射出,再由阵列CCD传感器测量出对应波长的光强;经模数转换器将阵列CCD传感器测量到的模拟信号转换为数字信号传输给微处理器,微处理器结合零点校准及标准白板校准的数据,计算出被测样品的反射率光谱;根据被测样品的反射率光谱进一步计算出被测样品在不同色空间中的颜色参数;测量得出的颜色参数由触屏显示器显示,同时由存储器进行存储供后期调用。Place the sample to be tested in the sample dish, and place the sample dish with the sample in the lofting groove of the measurement bottom cover, place the portable color measuring instrument on the measurement bottom cover, measure the side wall of the bottom cover and measure the color of the portable Match the small dents around the bottom of the instrument, just cover the bottom of the portable color measuring instrument, then the sample to be tested is facing and close to the measurement window of the portable color measuring instrument; touch the measurement button, the light beam generated by the light source enters the integrating sphere, and after the integration The diffuse reflection inside the sphere is homogenized multiple times, and the reflected light of the sample to be measured is collected and homogenized by the integrating sphere, and the measuring light is directed from the light window on the side of the integrating sphere to the condenser, which is converged by the condenser to the incident slit of the monochromator, and The measurement light is decomposed into monochromatic light of different wavelengths by the monochromator, which is emitted from the corresponding exit slit, and then the light intensity of the corresponding wavelength is measured by the array CCD sensor; The signal is converted into a digital signal and transmitted to the microprocessor. The microprocessor calculates the reflectance spectrum of the tested sample based on the data of zero point calibration and standard white board calibration; The color parameters in the color space; the measured color parameters are displayed on the touch screen display and stored in the memory for later recall. 7.根据权利要求6所述的一种便捷式颜色测量仪,其特征在于:所述便携式颜色测量仪可以采用不同的色空间来表示被测样品的颜色参数,且可以在这些不同的色空间之间选择切换,所采用的色空间包括CIE1931 XYZ色空间,CIELAB色空间,CIELUV色空间。7. A portable color measuring instrument according to claim 6, characterized in that: the portable color measuring instrument can use different color spaces to represent the color parameters of the sample to be tested, and can be used in these different color spaces Choose to switch between, the color space used includes CIE1931 XYZ color space, CIELAB color space, CIELUV color space. 8.根据权利要求6所述的一种便捷式颜色测量仪,其特征在于:所述便携式颜色测量仪在进行样品测量过程中,可以选择一个测量样品作为参考样品,在进行其它样品的测量时,便携式颜色测量仪能测量并计算出被测样品与参考样品的色度差。8. A portable color measuring instrument according to claim 6, characterized in that: during the sample measurement process, the portable color measuring instrument can select a measurement sample as a reference sample, and when measuring other samples , The portable color measuring instrument can measure and calculate the chromaticity difference between the tested sample and the reference sample. 9.根据权利要求6所述的一种便捷式颜色测量仪,其特征在于:所述便携式颜色测量仪在每次开启进行样品测量前,都需要进行零点校准和标准白板的校准;每次进行了零点校准与标准白板校准后,在进行一定次数的样品测量后,必须重新进行零点校准与标准白板校准;为确保样品测量的精度,在两次零点校准与标准白板校准之间可以进行样品测量的次数不能超过100次。9. A portable color measuring instrument according to claim 6, characterized in that: the portable color measuring instrument needs to carry out zero point calibration and standard whiteboard calibration before each opening of the portable color measuring instrument; After zero point calibration and standard white board calibration, after a certain number of sample measurements, zero point calibration and standard white board calibration must be performed again; in order to ensure the accuracy of sample measurement, sample measurement can be performed between two zero point calibrations and standard white board calibrations The number of times cannot exceed 100.
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