CN108195469A - A kind of portable color measurement instrument - Google Patents

Abstract

A portable color measuring instrument of the invention belongs to color measuring equipment in the field of optical measurement. The appearance of the portable color measuring instrument of the present invention is a cuboid, and a handle, a measurement button and a touch screen display are designed on the top, and a measurement window and a measurement bottom cover are designed on the bottom. The portable color measuring instrument is composed of light source, integrating sphere, condenser, monochromator, array CCD sensor, analog-to-digital converter, microprocessor, memory, power supply and other components. After the measuring light is collected and homogenized by the integrating sphere, it is spectroscopically and measured by the high-resolution monochromator and array CCD sensor, and the color parameters are calculated by the microprocessor with reference to ISO and other standards. The excellent design ensures that the portable color measuring instrument has the advantages of high measurement accuracy, good repeatability, high measurement efficiency, convenient portability, and simple operation. It can be widely used in production lines of cloth, paper, dyes, paints, beverages, plastics, etc. Color measurement of raw materials and products.

Description

A portable color measuring instrument

technical field

The invention belongs to color measuring equipment in the field of optical measuring instruments, and in particular relates to a portable color measuring instrument.

Background technique

The objects that people can see all have a certain color, so color is an important sensory experience for human beings. In daily life, people can qualitatively describe the colors of the objects they observe through simple red, orange, yellow, green, blue, indigo, and purple. However, in some specific production fields, specific parameters are required to quantitatively describe the color of the measured material.

Ordinary spectrophotometers are very powerful in optical measurement, and can measure parameters such as transmittance, reflectance, absorptivity, and solution concentration of materials. Of course, the color of different materials can also be accurately measured, and the color of the measured material can be quantitatively described by specific parameters in a specific color space. However, ordinary spectrophotometers are cumbersome to use on-site in the production line, mainly in the following aspects: First, ordinary spectrophotometers are relatively large in size, not easy to carry, and have high requirements for the use environment, and special space needs to be planned Second, the operation method of ordinary spectrophotometers is relatively complicated, and professionally trained personnel are required to operate on the machine; third, ordinary spectrophotometers generally adopt the measurement method of wavelength scanning, and the measurement of a single sample The time is longer and the measurement efficiency is lower.

For some specific production fields, such as cloth, paper, dyes, paints, beverages, plastics and other production fields, it is often necessary to measure and record the color of raw materials and products at different positions in the production line in a timely and rapid manner, which requires the use of The advanced color measuring instrument has the advantages of high measurement efficiency, easy to carry, and simple operation.

Contents of the invention

For the timely and rapid measurement of the color of raw materials and products on the production line in the fields of cloth, paper, dyes, paints, beverages, plastics, etc., the present invention provides a portable color measuring instrument with high measurement accuracy and repeatability Good, high measurement efficiency, small and light, easy to carry and easy to operate.

The appearance of the portable color measuring instrument of the present invention is a cuboid shape, the length of the cuboid is 18-25 cm, and the width and height of the cuboid are 8-12 cm. There is a handle on the top of the portable color measuring instrument for easy carrying and operation, and there is a measurement button at one end of the handle for controlling the measurement of the portable color measuring instrument. The portable color meter has a touch screen display on top for selection and display of measurement data. There is a circular measurement window at the bottom of the portable color measuring instrument with an aperture of 0.5-1.0 cm. When measuring, the light trap or standard white board or the sample to be measured is placed at the measurement window and is next to the measurement window. The side of the portable color measuring instrument is equipped with a USB interface for charging the instrument and transmitting data, and is equipped with a power switch for starting or shutting down the instrument. Small indentations are designed around the bottom surface of the portable color measuring instrument.

The portable color measuring instrument is equipped with a measuring bottom cover, the measuring bottom cover is in the shape of a cuboid tank, its overall length and width are consistent with those of the portable color measuring instrument, and the height is 1-2 cm. The thickness of the side wall of the measuring bottom cover is 0.1~0.2cm, which matches the small dents around the bottom of the portable color measuring instrument, and just covers the bottom of the portable color measuring instrument during measurement, thereby eliminating the influence of ambient light on the measurement results. influences. There is a circular lofting groove in the position matching the measurement window of the portable color measuring instrument in the measurement bottom cover, which is used to place a light trap or a standard white board or a sample to be measured. The portable color measuring instrument is equipped with a sample dish whose size matches the size of the stakeout groove in the measuring bottom cover. The sample dish can place solid samples, liquid samples, powder samples, and granular samples, and an integrating sphere is used to collect the reflected light of the sample (including reflected light from all directions reflected by the sample), so the portable color measuring instrument can measure solid, liquid, Color measurement of material samples in various forms such as powders and granules has a very wide range of applications.

The portable color measuring instrument is composed of an optical measuring unit, a microprocessor, a memory, a touch screen display, a USB interface, a power supply, cables, a casing and other components.

The optical measurement unit is composed of a light source, an integrating sphere, a condenser lens, a monochromator, an array CCD sensor, and an analog-to-digital converter. The light source is a flash light source, and the effective wavelength range of the spectrum is 360~800nm. The flash intensity and flash time of the light source are controlled by the chip, so that the luminous flux of each flash is very high, and the luminous flux of each flash is guaranteed to be consistent, which can effectively improve The signal-to-noise ratio of the instrument. The radius of the integrating sphere is 2.5~5cm, and the interior is coated with a white diffuse reflection coating with high reflectivity, which can homogenize the measurement light well and collect all the reflected light reflected by the sample (regardless of the sample be specular or diffuse). The condenser mainly converges the measurement light so as to better enter the monochromator. The monochromator adopts a fixed-wavelength structure, and its function is to split light, that is, to decompose the measurement light entering the incident slit into monochromatic light, and emit it from the corresponding exit slit. The array CCD sensor is close to the exit slit of the monochromator, and is used to measure the light intensity corresponding to the wavelength of each exit slit. The role of the analog-to-digital converter is to convert the analog signal measured by the array CCD sensor into a digital signal and then transmit it to the microprocessor for data processing.

The microprocessor is used to process and calculate the raw data obtained by the optical measurement unit, calculate the color parameters of the tested sample, and communicate with memory, touch screen display, USB interface and other components.

The touch screen display is used to display current measurement data, and can choose to view historical measurement data.

The memory is used to store measurement data and internal algorithms.

The power supply is a rechargeable lithium-ion battery, which is used to supply power to components such as an optical measurement unit and a microprocessor.

The working principle of the portable color measuring instrument is as follows: when measuring, touch the measurement button, the light emitted by the light source will undergo multiple diffuse reflections and homogenization inside the integrating sphere, and at the same time, the reflected light of the measured sample will be collected and homogenized by the integrating sphere to measure The light is emitted from the light window on the side of the integrating sphere and reaches the condenser. After the condenser is converged, it enters the monochromator through the incident slit. Then the light intensity of the corresponding wavelength is measured by the array CCD sensor, and the analog signal measured by the array CCD sensor is converted into a digital signal by the analog-to-digital converter, and transmitted to the microprocessor for data processing. The microprocessor combines the data of zero point calibration and standard white board calibration to calculate the reflectance spectrum of the tested sample. The color parameters of the tested sample in different color spaces are further calculated according to the reflectance spectrum of the tested sample. The measured color parameters are displayed on the touch screen display and stored in the memory for later recall. The internal algorithm of the portable color measuring instrument refers to the calculation methods of ISO, ASTM, GB/T and other standards to ensure that the conversion method from original measurement data to color parameters is accurate and reliable.

The measurement process of the portable color measuring instrument is as follows.

(1) Carry out zero calibration.

Place the light trap in the lofted groove of the measuring bottom cover, place the portable color meter on the measuring bottom cover, the side walls of the measuring bottom cover match the small indentations around the bottom of the portable color measuring instrument, just cover the portable color measuring instrument The bottom of the meter, the light trap is facing and next to the measurement window of the portable color meter. Touch the measurement button, the light beam generated by the light source enters the integrating sphere, and is homogenized by multiple diffuse reflections inside the integrating sphere. , is converged by the condenser to the incident slit of the monochromator, and the measurement light is decomposed into monochromatic light of different wavelengths by the monochromator, which is emitted from the corresponding exit slit, and then the light intensity of the corresponding wavelength is measured by the array CCD sensor. The analog signal measured by the array CCD sensor is converted into a digital signal through the analog-to-digital converter and transmitted to the microprocessor. After calculation and processing by the microprocessor, it is stored as zero-point calibration data in the memory for use.

(2) Carry out the calibration of the standard white board.

Place the standard whiteboard in the lofted groove of the measurement bottom cover, place the portable color meter on the measurement bottom cover, the side walls of the measurement bottom cover match the small indentations around the bottom of the portable color meter, just cover the portable color measurement the bottom of the meter, the standard whiteboard is facing and next to the measurement window of the portable color meter. Touch the measurement button, the light beam generated by the light source enters the integrating sphere, and is homogenized by multiple diffuse reflections inside the integrating sphere. At the same time, the reflected light of the standard whiteboard is collected and homogenized by the integrating sphere, and the measuring light is directed to the condenser through the light window on the side of the integrating sphere , is converged by the condenser to the incident slit of the monochromator, and the measurement light is decomposed into monochromatic light of different wavelengths by the monochromator, which is emitted from the corresponding exit slit, and then the light intensity of the corresponding wavelength is measured by the array CCD sensor. The analog signal measured by the array CCD sensor is converted into a digital signal by the analog-to-digital converter and transmitted to the microprocessor. After calculation and processing by the microprocessor, it is stored in the memory as the calibration data of the standard whiteboard for use.

(3) Carry out sample measurement and derive color parameters.

Place the sample to be tested in the sample dish, and place the sample dish with the sample in the lofting groove of the measurement bottom cover, place the portable color measuring instrument on the measurement bottom cover, measure the side wall of the bottom cover and measure the color of the portable Match the small indentations around the bottom of the instrument, just cover the bottom of the portable color measuring instrument, then the sample to be tested is facing and close to the measurement window of the portable color measuring instrument. Touch the measurement button, the light beam generated by the light source enters the integrating sphere, and is homogenized by multiple diffuse reflections inside the integrating sphere. At the same time, the reflected light of the measured sample is collected and homogenized by the integrating sphere. Condenser, the condenser is converged to the incident slit of the monochromator, and the monochromator decomposes the measurement light into monochromatic light of different wavelengths, which is emitted from the corresponding exit slit, and then the light intensity of the corresponding wavelength is measured by the array CCD sensor . The analog signal measured by the array CCD sensor is converted into a digital signal by the analog-to-digital converter and transmitted to the microprocessor. The microprocessor combines the data of zero point calibration and standard white board calibration to calculate the reflectance spectrum of the tested sample. The color parameters of the tested sample in different color spaces are further calculated according to the reflectance spectrum of the tested sample. The measured color parameters are displayed on the touch screen display and stored in the memory for later recall.

The portable color measuring instrument can use different color spaces to represent the color parameters of the tested sample, and can switch between these different color spaces. The color spaces used include CIE1931 XYZ color space, CIELAB color space, CIELUV color space.

During the sample measurement process, the portable color measuring instrument can select a measurement sample as a reference sample, and when measuring other samples, the portable color measuring instrument can measure and calculate the chromaticity difference between the measured sample and the reference sample.

Before the portable color measuring instrument is turned on for sample measurement each time, zero point calibration and calibration of a standard white board are required. After each zero-point calibration and standard white-board calibration, after a certain number of sample measurements, zero-point calibration and standard white-board calibration must be performed again. In order to ensure the accuracy of sample measurement, the number of sample measurements that can be performed between the two zero point calibrations and the standard white plate calibration cannot exceed 100 times.

Compared with the prior art, a portable color measuring instrument of the present invention mainly has the following advantages and gain effects.

(1) The light source used in the optical measurement unit of the portable color measuring instrument of the present invention is a flash light source, and the flash intensity and flash time of the light source are controlled by the chip to ensure that the luminous flux of each flash is high and the luminous flux of each flash is consistent Good performance, which effectively improves the signal-to-noise ratio of the instrument; the integrating sphere used can collect and homogenize the measurement beam well, and the high-resolution monochromator and array CCD sensor have extremely high measurement accuracy; excellent design and equipment make The portable color measuring instrument has the advantages of high measurement accuracy, good repeatability and good stability.

(2) The portable color measuring instrument of the present invention adopts a monochromator with a fixed wavelength structure and an array CCD sensor to realize simultaneous measurement of multiple wavelengths. The measurement time of a single sample is short and the measurement efficiency is high, which is very suitable for on-site testing of production lines.

(3) The internal algorithm of the portable color measuring instrument of the present invention refers to the calculation methods of ISO, ASTM, GB/T and other standards to ensure that the conversion method from original measurement data to color parameters is accurate and reliable.

(4) The portable color measuring instrument of the present invention has perfect functions, can measure and calculate the color parameters of the samples in different color spaces, and automatically store the measured data; and can set a reference sample, and the instrument can automatically calculate the color parameters of the sample when measuring. The chromaticity difference between the test sample and the reference sample; the operation interface is friendly, and the measurement parameters of the sample under test can be selected to be displayed in different color spaces through the touch screen display, and the historical measurement data can be called to view; equipped with a USB interface, it can realize Barrier-free communication with the outside world.

(5) The portable color measuring instrument of the present invention has the advantages of small size, light weight, and easy portability, and is very suitable for rapid measurement and recording of color parameters of raw materials and products on the production line.

(6) The portable color measuring instrument of the present invention is simple in operation and convenient in measurement, and the color measurement of production line samples can be carried out only by simple training instructions for operators.

(7) The portable color measuring instrument of the present invention can measure material samples in various forms, including solid samples, liquid samples, powder samples, and granular samples, and can be widely used in the production lines of cloth, paper, dyes, paints, beverages, plastics, etc. On-site raw material and product color measurement.

Description of drawings

Figure 1 The schematic diagram of the top view of the portable color measuring instrument.

Figure 2 Schematic diagram of the portable color measuring instrument looking up.

Figure 3 is a schematic diagram of a side view of a portable color measuring instrument.

Figure 4 is a schematic diagram of the internal structure of the portable color measuring instrument.

Figure 5 Schematic diagram of the working principle of the portable color measuring instrument.

Marks in the figure: 101—handle, 102—measurement button, 103—touch screen display, 104—small dent around the bottom of the portable color measuring instrument, 201—measurement bottom cover, 202—tested sample, 203—measurement bottom cover Side wall, 301—light source, 302—integrating sphere, 303—optical window, 304—measurement window, 305—condenser, 306—monochromator, 307—array CCD sensor, 308—analog-to-digital converter, 309—microprocessing Device, 310—power supply, 311—memory, 312—USB interface.

Detailed ways

In order to describe the content of the present invention more clearly, the content of the present invention will be described in detail below in conjunction with the drawings and embodiments. It should be understood that the following examples are for further illustrating the present invention, but not limiting the content of the present invention.

In this embodiment, the appearance of the portable color measuring instrument is in the shape of a cuboid, as shown in Fig. 1 , Fig. 2 and Fig. 3 . The length of the portable color measuring instrument is 20cm, and the dimensions of width and height are 10cm. There is a handle 101 on the top of the portable color measuring instrument for easy carrying and operation, and there is a measurement button 102 at one end of the handle for controlling the measurement of the portable color measuring instrument. There is a touch screen display 103 on top of the portable color measuring instrument for selecting and displaying measurement data. There is a circular measuring window 304 at the bottom of the portable color measuring instrument, and its aperture is 0.5 cm. The side of the portable color measuring instrument is equipped with a USB interface 312 for charging the instrument and transmitting data, and is equipped with a power switch for starting or shutting down the instrument. There are small indentations 104 around the bottom of the portable color meter.

The portable color measuring instrument of this embodiment is equipped with a measuring bottom cover 201, as shown in Fig. 3 and Fig. 4 . The measuring bottom cover is in the shape of a cuboid tank, and its overall length and width are 20cm and 10cm respectively, and the length and width of the portable color measuring instrument are consistent, and the height is 2cm. The thickness of the side wall 203 of the measuring bottom cover is 0.2cm, which matches the small indentation 104 around the bottom surface of the portable color measuring instrument, and just covers the bottom of the portable color measuring instrument during measurement, thereby eliminating the influence of ambient light on the measurement results . There is a circular lofting groove in the position matching the measurement window of the portable color measuring instrument in the measurement bottom cover, which is used to place a light trap or a standard white board or a measured sample 202 . The portable color measuring instrument is equipped with a sample dish whose size matches the size of the stakeout groove in the measuring bottom cover. The sample dish can place solid samples, liquid samples, powder samples, and granular samples, and an integrating sphere is used to collect the reflected light of the sample (including reflected light from all directions reflected by the sample), so the portable color measuring instrument can measure solid, liquid, Color measurement of material samples in various forms such as powders and granules has a very wide range of applications.

The portable color measuring instrument of this embodiment is composed of an optical measurement unit, a microprocessor 309, a memory 311, a touch screen display 103, a USB interface 312, a power supply 310, cables, and a housing, as shown in FIG. 4 .

The optical measurement unit of this embodiment is composed of a light source 301 , an integrating sphere 302 , a condenser lens 305 , a monochromator 306 , an array CCD sensor 307 , and an analog-to-digital converter 308 . The light source 301 is a flash light source, and the effective wavelength range of the spectrum is 360-800nm. The flash intensity and flash time of the light source are controlled by the chip, so that the luminous flux of each flash is very high, and the luminous flux of each flash is guaranteed to be consistent, which can effectively Improve the signal-to-noise ratio of the instrument. The radius of the integrating sphere 302 is 4cm, and the inside is coated with a white diffuse reflection coating with high reflectivity, which can well homogenize the measurement light and collect all reflected light reflected by the sample (no matter the sample is Specular or Diffuse). The condenser lens 305 mainly converges the measurement light so as to better enter the monochromator. The monochromator 306 is a fixed-wavelength structure, and its function is to split light, that is, to decompose the measurement light entering the incident slit into monochromatic light, and emit it from the corresponding exit slit. The array CCD sensor 307 is close to the exit slit of the monochromator 306, and is used to measure the light intensity corresponding to the wavelength of each exit slit. The role of the analog-to-digital converter 308 is to convert the analog signal measured by the array CCD sensor 307 into a digital signal and then transmit it to the microprocessor 309 for data processing.

The microprocessor 309 in this embodiment is used to process and calculate the raw data acquired by the optical measurement unit, calculate the color parameters of the measured sample, and communicate with the memory 311 , touch screen display 103 , USB interface 312 and other components.

The touch screen display 103 in this embodiment is used to display current measurement data, and can choose to view historical measurement data.

The memory 311 in this embodiment is used to store measurement data and internal algorithms.

The power supply 310 in this embodiment is a rechargeable lithium-ion battery, which is used to supply power to components such as an optical measurement unit and a microprocessor.

The working principle of the portable color measuring instrument in this embodiment is shown in Figure 5: when measuring, touch the measurement button, and the light emitted by the light source 301 will undergo multiple diffuse reflections and homogenization inside the integrating sphere 302, and the measured sample 202 will be homogenized at the same time. The reflected light is collected and homogenized by the integrating sphere, and the measuring light is emitted from the light-passing window 303 on the side of the integrating sphere to reach the condenser lens 305. After the condenser lens 305 converges, it enters the monochromator 306 through the incident slit, and the optical elements such as the grating inside the monochromator 306 Decompose the measurement light into monochromatic light, and emit it from the corresponding exit slit; then measure the light intensity of the corresponding wavelength by the array CCD sensor 307, and use the analog-to-digital converter 308 to simulate the measured light intensity of the array CCD sensor 307 The signal is converted into a digital signal and transmitted to the microprocessor 309 for data processing. The microprocessor 309 calculates the reflectance spectrum of the tested sample by combining the data of the zero point calibration and the standard whiteboard calibration, and further calculates the color parameters of the tested sample in different color spaces according to the reflectance spectrum of the tested sample. The measured color parameters are displayed by the touch screen display 103 and stored by the memory 311 for later recall. The internal algorithm of the portable color measuring instrument refers to the calculation methods of ISO, ASTM, GB/T and other standards to ensure that the conversion method from original measurement data to color parameters is accurate and reliable.

The measurement process of the portable color measuring instrument of this embodiment is as follows, refer to FIG. 4 and FIG. 5 .

(1) Carry out zero calibration.

Place the light trap in the lofting groove of the measurement bottom cover 201, place the portable color measuring instrument on the measurement bottom cover 201, and match the side wall 203 of the measurement bottom cover 201 with the small indentations 104 around the bottom of the portable color measurement instrument, exactly With the bottom of the portable color meter covered, the light trap is facing and next to the measurement window 304 of the portable color meter. Touch the measurement button 102, the light beam generated by the light source 301 enters the integrating sphere 302, and is homogenized by multiple diffuse reflections inside the integrating sphere 302. The light window 303 shoots to the condenser lens 305, which is converged by the condenser lens 305 to the incident slit of the monochromator 306, and the measurement light is decomposed into monochromatic light of different wavelengths by the monochromator 306, which is emitted by the corresponding exit slit, and then The array CCD sensor 307 measures the light intensity corresponding to the wavelength. The analog signal measured by the array CCD sensor 307 is converted into a digital signal by the analog-to-digital converter 308 and transmitted to the microprocessor 309. After calculation and processing by the microprocessor 309, it is stored in the memory 311 as zero point calibration data for use.

(2) Carry out the calibration of the standard white board.

Place the standard whiteboard in the lofting groove of the measurement bottom cover 201, place the portable color measuring instrument on the measurement bottom cover 201, and match the side wall 203 of the measurement bottom cover 201 with the small indentation 104 around the bottom of the portable color measurement instrument. Covering the bottom of the portable color measuring instrument, the standard whiteboard is facing and next to the measurement window 304 of the portable color measuring instrument. Touch the measurement button 102, the light beam generated by the light source enters the integrating sphere 302, and undergoes multiple diffuse reflections inside the integrating sphere 302 for homogenization. The window 303 shoots to the condenser lens 305, which is converged by the condenser lens 305 to the incident slit of the monochromator 306, and the measurement light is decomposed into monochromatic light of different wavelengths by the monochromator 306. The sensor 307 measures the light intensity corresponding to the wavelength. The analog signal measured by the array CCD sensor 307 is converted into a digital signal by the analog-to-digital converter 308 and transmitted to the microprocessor 309. After calculation and processing by the microprocessor 309, it is stored in the memory 311 as calibration data of a standard whiteboard for use.

(3) Carry out sample measurement and derive color parameters.

The sample to be tested is placed in the sample dish, and the sample dish loaded with the sample is placed in the lofting groove of the measurement bottom cover 201, the portable color measuring instrument is placed on the measurement bottom cover 201, and the side wall 203 of the measurement bottom cover 201 is measured. Match the small indentations 104 around the bottom of the portable color measuring instrument, just cover the bottom of the portable color measuring instrument, then the sample to be tested is facing and close to the measurement window 304 of the portable color measuring instrument. When the measurement button 102 is touched, the light beam generated by the light source enters the integrating sphere 302 and undergoes multiple diffuse reflections inside the integrating sphere 302 for homogenization. The light-passing window 303 shoots to the condenser lens 305, and is converged by the condenser lens 305 to the incident slit of the monochromator 306, and the monochromator 306 decomposes the measurement light into monochromatic light of different wavelengths, and emits it from the corresponding exit slit, and then The array CCD sensor 307 measures the light intensity corresponding to the wavelength. The analog signal measured by the array CCD sensor 307 is converted into a digital signal by the analog-to-digital converter 308 and transmitted to the microprocessor 309, and the microprocessor 309 calculates the reflectance of the sample 202 to be tested in combination with the data of zero point calibration and standard whiteboard calibration spectrum. According to the reflectance spectrum of the tested sample, the color parameters of the tested sample in the CIE1931 XYZ color space, CIELAB color space and CIELUV color space are further calculated. The measured color parameters are displayed by the touch screen display 103 and stored by the memory 311 for later recall.

In this embodiment, the portable color measuring instrument needs to perform zero point calibration and standard whiteboard calibration before each time it is turned on for sample measurement. After each zero-point calibration and standard white-board calibration, after a certain number of sample measurements, zero-point calibration and standard white-board calibration must be performed again. In order to ensure the accuracy of sample measurement, the number of sample measurements that can be performed between the two zero point calibrations and the standard white plate calibration cannot exceed 100 times.

The portable color measuring instrument in this embodiment has the advantages of high measurement accuracy, good repeatability, high measurement efficiency, small size, light weight, convenient portability, and simple operation.

Claims (9)

1. A portable color measuring instrument, characterized in that: the portable color measuring instrument has the advantages of high measurement accuracy, good repeatability, high measurement efficiency, small and light, easy to carry, and simple operation, and can be widely used in cloth, paper, Color measurement of raw materials and products on the production line in the fields of dyes, paints, beverages, plastics, etc. 2. A portable color measuring instrument according to claim 1, characterized in that: the appearance of the portable color measuring instrument is in the shape of a cuboid, the length of the cuboid is 18-25 cm, and the width and height of the cuboid are consistent as 8 ~ 12cm; the top of the portable color measuring instrument is designed with a handle, a measurement button and a touch screen display; the bottom of the portable color measuring instrument is designed with a circular measuring window, and its aperture is 0.5 ~ 1.0cm; the portable color measuring instrument The side of the color measuring instrument is designed with a USB interface, and is equipped with a power switch for starting or shutting down the instrument; the bottom of the portable color measuring instrument is designed with small dents; the portable color measuring instrument is equipped with a measuring bottom cover, and the measuring bottom The side wall of the cover matches the small indentation around the bottom surface of the portable color measuring instrument, which just covers the bottom of the portable color measuring instrument during measurement so as to eliminate the influence of ambient light on the measurement results; There is a circular lofting groove at the matching position of the measurement window of the instrument, which is used to place a light trap or a standard white board or a sample to be tested; the portable color measuring instrument is equipped with a sample dish, and the size of the sample dish is the same as the measurement bottom cover The size of the inner lofting groove matches; the sample container can place solid samples, liquid samples, powder samples, and granular samples, and uses an integrating sphere to collect the reflected light of the sample (including reflected light from all directions reflected by the sample), so the portable color The measuring instrument can measure the color of material samples in various forms such as solid, liquid, powder, and granule. 3. A portable color measuring instrument according to claim 1, characterized in that: said portable color measuring instrument consists of an optical measuring unit, a microprocessor, a memory, a touch screen display, a USB interface, a power supply, a cable, The shell and other components are composed. 4. A kind of portable color measuring instrument according to claim 3, is characterized in that: described optical measurement unit is made up of light source, integrating sphere, condenser lens, monochromator, array CCD sensor, analog-to-digital converter; The light source is a flash light source, and the effective wavelength range of the spectrum is 360~800nm. The flash intensity and flash time of the light source are controlled by the chip, so that the luminous flux of each flash is very high, and the luminous flux of each flash is guaranteed to be consistent, which can effectively improve the performance of the instrument. Signal-to-noise ratio; the radius of the integrating sphere is 2.5~5cm, and the inside is coated with a white diffuse reflection coating with high reflectivity, which can homogenize the measurement light well and collect all reflections reflected by the sample Light (regardless of whether the sample is specular reflection or diffuse reflection); the condenser mainly converges the measurement light so that it can better enter the monochromator; the monochromator is a fixed wavelength structure, and its function is to split the light. The measurement light entering the slit is decomposed into monochromatic light, and is emitted from the corresponding exit slit; the array CCD sensor is close to the exit slit of the monochromator, and is used to measure the light intensity corresponding to the wavelength of each exit slit; The role of the analog-to-digital converter is to convert the analog signal measured by the array CCD sensor into a digital signal and then transmit it to the microprocessor for data processing. 5. A portable color measuring instrument according to claim 3, characterized in that: the working principle of the portable color measuring instrument is: when measuring, touch the measurement button, and the light emitted by the light source passes through the integrating sphere for many times. Sub-diffuse reflection is homogenized, and the reflected light of the measured sample is collected and homogenized by the integrating sphere, and the measuring light is emitted from the light window on the side of the integrating sphere to the condenser, and after the condenser is converged, it enters the monochromator through the incident slit, and the monochromator Optical elements such as internal gratings decompose the measurement light into monochromatic light, and emit it from the corresponding exit slit; then the light intensity of the corresponding wavelength is measured by the array CCD sensor, and the array CCD sensor measures the light intensity by the analog-to-digital converter. The output analog signal is converted into a digital signal, and transmitted to the microprocessor for data processing; the microprocessor calculates the reflectance spectrum of the tested sample by combining the data of zero point calibration and standard white board calibration, and further Calculate the color parameters of the tested sample in different color spaces; the measured color parameters are displayed by the touch screen display, and stored in the memory for later recall; the internal algorithm of the portable color measuring instrument refers to ISO, ASTM, GB /T and other standard calculation methods to ensure that the conversion method from original measurement data to color parameters is accurate and reliable. 6. A portable color measuring instrument according to claim 3, characterized in that: the measurement process of the portable color measuring instrument is as follows: (1) Carry out zero calibration Place the light trap in the lofted groove of the measuring bottom cover, place the portable color meter on the measuring bottom cover, the side walls of the measuring bottom cover match the small indentations around the bottom of the portable color measuring instrument, just cover the portable color measuring instrument At the bottom of the instrument, the light trap is facing and close to the measurement window of the portable color measuring instrument; touch the measurement button, the light beam generated by the light source enters the integrating sphere, is diffused and homogenized by multiple diffuse reflections inside the integrating sphere, and irradiates the light on the light trap at the same time. The light is absorbed by the light trap, and the measurement light is directed to the condenser through the light-passing window at the side of the integrating sphere, converged by the condenser to the incident slit of the monochromator, and the measurement light is decomposed into monochromatic light of different wavelengths by the monochromator. The corresponding exit slit is emitted, and the light intensity of the corresponding wavelength is measured by the array CCD sensor; the analog signal measured by the array CCD sensor is converted into a digital signal by the analog-to-digital converter and transmitted to the microprocessor, which is calculated and processed by the microprocessor Afterwards, the calibration data as the zero point is stored in the memory for use; (2) Carry out the calibration of the standard white board Place the standard whiteboard in the lofted groove of the measurement bottom cover, place the portable color meter on the measurement bottom cover, the side walls of the measurement bottom cover match the small indentations around the bottom of the portable color meter, just cover the portable color measurement At the bottom of the instrument, the standard whiteboard is directly facing and close to the measurement window of the portable color measuring instrument; when the measurement button is touched, the light beam generated by the light source enters the integrating sphere and is homogenized by multiple diffuse reflections inside the integrating sphere. The integrating sphere collects and homogenizes, and the measuring light is directed to the condenser through the light window on the side of the integrating sphere, and is converged by the condenser to the incident slit of the monochromator, and the measuring light is decomposed into monochromatic light of different wavelengths by the monochromator. The corresponding exit slit is emitted, and the light intensity of the corresponding wavelength is measured by the array CCD sensor; the analog signal measured by the array CCD sensor is converted into a digital signal by the analog-to-digital converter and transmitted to the microprocessor, which is calculated and processed by the microprocessor Afterwards, it will be used as the calibration data of the standard whiteboard and stored in the memory for use; (3) Carry out sample measurement and obtain color parameters Place the sample to be tested in the sample dish, and place the sample dish with the sample in the lofting groove of the measurement bottom cover, place the portable color measuring instrument on the measurement bottom cover, measure the side wall of the bottom cover and measure the color of the portable Match the small dents around the bottom of the instrument, just cover the bottom of the portable color measuring instrument, then the sample to be tested is facing and close to the measurement window of the portable color measuring instrument; touch the measurement button, the light beam generated by the light source enters the integrating sphere, and after the integration The diffuse reflection inside the sphere is homogenized multiple times, and the reflected light of the sample to be measured is collected and homogenized by the integrating sphere, and the measuring light is directed from the light window on the side of the integrating sphere to the condenser, which is converged by the condenser to the incident slit of the monochromator, and The measurement light is decomposed into monochromatic light of different wavelengths by the monochromator, which is emitted from the corresponding exit slit, and then the light intensity of the corresponding wavelength is measured by the array CCD sensor; The signal is converted into a digital signal and transmitted to the microprocessor. The microprocessor calculates the reflectance spectrum of the tested sample based on the data of zero point calibration and standard white board calibration; The color parameters in the color space; the measured color parameters are displayed on the touch screen display and stored in the memory for later recall. 7. A portable color measuring instrument according to claim 6, characterized in that: the portable color measuring instrument can use different color spaces to represent the color parameters of the sample to be tested, and can be used in these different color spaces Choose to switch between, the color space used includes CIE1931 XYZ color space, CIELAB color space, CIELUV color space. 8. A portable color measuring instrument according to claim 6, characterized in that: during the sample measurement process, the portable color measuring instrument can select a measurement sample as a reference sample, and when measuring other samples , The portable color measuring instrument can measure and calculate the chromaticity difference between the tested sample and the reference sample. 9. A portable color measuring instrument according to claim 6, characterized in that: the portable color measuring instrument needs to carry out zero point calibration and standard whiteboard calibration before each opening of the portable color measuring instrument; After zero point calibration and standard white board calibration, after a certain number of sample measurements, zero point calibration and standard white board calibration must be performed again; in order to ensure the accuracy of sample measurement, sample measurement can be performed between two zero point calibrations and standard white board calibrations The number of times cannot exceed 100.