CN108194917B - Bulk coal bed top ignition flue-curing hot blast stove - Google Patents
Bulk coal bed top ignition flue-curing hot blast stove Download PDFInfo
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- CN108194917B CN108194917B CN201810178671.5A CN201810178671A CN108194917B CN 108194917 B CN108194917 B CN 108194917B CN 201810178671 A CN201810178671 A CN 201810178671A CN 108194917 B CN108194917 B CN 108194917B
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- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F23—COMBUSTION APPARATUS; COMBUSTION PROCESSES
- F23B—METHODS OR APPARATUS FOR COMBUSTION USING ONLY SOLID FUEL
- F23B50/00—Combustion apparatus in which the fuel is fed into or through the combustion zone by gravity, e.g. from a fuel storage situated above the combustion zone
- F23B50/12—Combustion apparatus in which the fuel is fed into or through the combustion zone by gravity, e.g. from a fuel storage situated above the combustion zone the fuel being fed to the combustion zone by free fall or by sliding along inclined surfaces, e.g. from a conveyor terminating above the fuel bed
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- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A24—TOBACCO; CIGARS; CIGARETTES; SIMULATED SMOKING DEVICES; SMOKERS' REQUISITES
- A24B—MANUFACTURE OR PREPARATION OF TOBACCO FOR SMOKING OR CHEWING; TOBACCO; SNUFF
- A24B3/00—Preparing tobacco in the factory
- A24B3/10—Roasting or cooling tobacco
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- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F24—HEATING; RANGES; VENTILATING
- F24H—FLUID HEATERS, e.g. WATER OR AIR HEATERS, HAVING HEAT-GENERATING MEANS, e.g. HEAT PUMPS, IN GENERAL
- F24H3/00—Air heaters
- F24H3/008—Air heaters using solid fuel
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Abstract
The hot blast stove for igniting and roasting the smoke on the top surface of the scattered coal bed comprises a furnace top cover, a furnace belly, a furnace bar, an ash removal channel, a bottom-supported coal bed, the scattered coal bed and an ignition coal block, wherein a coal inlet on the side wall of the furnace top cover is in full-welding connection with a coal loading channel outlet with the inner diameter of 80-100 mm, an inner cavity of the furnace belly is communicated with an inner cavity of the ash removal channel to form a static pressure area, the top surface of the inner cavity of the ash removal channel is 75-85 mm higher than the top surface of the furnace bar, the coal is stuffed into the bottom-supported coal bed by filling gaps on the top surfaces of the furnace bar and the ash removal channel, the top surface of the furnace bar is fully covered with the top surface of the furnace bar, the scattered coal filled from the inlet of the coal loading channel falls into the space above the bottom-supported coal bed to form the scattered coal bed, and the ignition coal block naturally falls into the top surface of the scattered coal bed through the coal loading channel to ignite a coal combustion reaction. The invention can be used in the occasions of heating dense baking and loose leaf baking. The invention has the advantages of one-time coal charging and ash removal, simple ignition and easy ash removal; the emission of CO in flue gas is reduced by 75%, the fire coal is saved by 25%, hot air can be generated by clinging to a baking process curve, and a fan has no burning loss.
Description
Technical Field
The invention relates to a bulk coal or granular bulk coal burning top surface ignition flue-cured tobacco hot air furnace which is charged once and has a combustion surface moving direction opposite to a combustion air flowing direction, and is suitable for being used in places where tobacco leaf modulation intensive flue-cured tobacco and bulk flue-cured tobacco in the tobacco industry in the agricultural and rural areas burn clean coal to generate hot air.
Background
According to the measurement and calculation, the planting area of tobacco leaves in 2012 nationwide is about 2100 ten thousand mu, estimated according to 15-20 mu/seat, and about 120 ten thousand seats of intensive tobacco curing houses are built nationwide. Taking 2.5 tons of tobacco leaves in the middle of the bulk curing barn as an example, the burning heat supply time lasts for 5 to 6 days before and after. The situation of energy conservation and emission reduction in the tobacco blending industry is severe, and the requirements of the intensive tobacco hot-blast stove on good temperature self-control, labor saving, safety, comfortable coal charging and ash removal and fuel saving are met.
The flue-cured tobacco hot-blast stove in China mainly uses the traditional vertical bulk coal stove to burn blocky or granular bulk coal, and the fire coal does not need pretreatment. The inner cavity of the bulk coal furnace is wrapped by the integrated metal shell, so that the furnace temperature control in the fire-banking overnight and the yellowing period is easy. Bulk coal is accumulated on a fire bar, positive combustion heat supply is carried out, coal saving operation requires coal adding, thin coal bed and slag clearing on duty, coal needs to be added for 20 times in one baking period, particularly, the fixed-color stem drying period reaches 2-4 hours, and 2-3 technicians are usually arranged in a baking room group to carry out circulation coal adding for 2-4 hours per time. The frequent coal feeding and ash removal of the bulk coal furnace seriously affects the night rest and the production of the next day of tobacco growers, and the times of opening the furnace door are more, the time is long, the high-temperature radiation heat loss of the furnace door is large, the fluctuation range of the furnace temperature is large, and in addition, the concentration of CO in the flue gas discharged by blind fire normal combustion is large, and the thermal efficiency is as low as 45%. At present, each smoke area is difficult to use, the cost is high, and the traditional bulk coal furnace can not meet the energy-saving and emission-reducing requirements of tobacco blending procedures.
The development of a novel bulk coal hot blast stove of a dense tobacco flue-curing house which can be used for charging coal once, has good combustion heat supply regulation performance and is safe in energy conservation and emission reduction can promote the sustainable development of the tobacco industry in China.
Disclosure of Invention
In order to overcome the problems of blind fire normal combustion of a scattered coal furnace, large open radiation heat loss of a furnace door, low heat efficiency, poor furnace temperature regulation and control performance, frequent coal adding and ash removal and the like, the invention designs a furnace which has the structural characteristics that the top surface of a furnace bar is below the top surface of an inner cavity of an ash removal channel and the top surface of a scattered coal bed is ignited and ignited, has the technical characteristics of one-time coal charging and open fire reverse combustion, has no pretreatment on the coal, and is charged outside the furnace at one time; coal saving and low CO emission; heat is supplied by clinging to the baking curve; the bulk coal bed top ignition flue-cured hot blast stove has the effects of no combustion-supporting fan and the like.
The bulk coal bed top surface ignition flue-cured hot blast stove mainly comprises a stove top cover, a stove belly, stove bars, an ash cleaning channel, a bottom-cushioned coal bed, a bulk coal bed and an ignition coal block, wherein the stove top cover comprises a cylindrical side wall in a right-standing round platform, the side wall of the stove top cover is provided with a coal inlet, the edge of the coal inlet is in full-welded connection with the edge of a coal loading channel outlet which is cylindrical and has the inner diameter of 80-100 mm, the inlet of the coal loading channel is sealed by a top stove door, the circumference of the bottom end surface of the stove top cover is in full-welded connection with the circumference of the top end surface of the stove belly, the inner cavity of the stove belly is in a right-standing round barrel shape, the height of the inner cavity of the stove belly is 1.2-1.5 m, the inner diameter of 0.9-1.1 m, the height of the stove bars is horizontally arranged at a distance of 200-250 mm from the bottom surface of the inner cavity of the stove belly, the bottom of the side wall is provided with a combustion-supporting air inlet, the edge of the combustion-supporting air is in full-welded connection with the edge of the ash cleaning channel outlet, the central axis of the ash cleaning channel is a horizontal line, the extension line of the central axis of the ash cleaning channel is vertically intersected with the central axis of the furnace belly, the vertical section of the ash cleaning channel is rectangular, the inner cavity of the ash cleaning channel is communicated with the inner cavity of the furnace belly below the fire bars to form a static pressure area, the inlet of the ash cleaning channel is sealed by a bottom furnace door, the center of the bottom furnace door is provided with a combustion air inlet, the inlet end surface of the ash cleaning channel and the inlet end surface of the coal charging channel are both arranged on the outer wall surface of the front wall of the hot air chamber, the top surface of the inner cavity of the ash cleaning channel is 75-85 mm higher than the top surface of the fire bars, the coal is stuffed into a bottom-cushioned coal bed by filling the gaps of the top surfaces of the fire bars and the ash cleaning channel, the scattered coal loaded from the inlet of the coal charging channel falls into the space above the bottom-cushioned coal bed to form a scattered coal bed finally, and the ignition coal blocks pass through the coal charging channel and naturally fall into the top surface of the scattered coal bed by the self gravity to ignite a coal combustion reaction.
The invention can be used in the heating occasions of tobacco blending intensive baking and loose leaf baking in the rural and urban fields.
The invention has more comfortable operation, obvious energy-saving and environment-friendly benefits and high safety performance. The invention has the advantages of one-time coal charging and ash removal, simple ignition and easy ash removal; compared with the traditional tunnel furnace, the invention reduces the emission of CO in flue gas by 75 percent and saves fire coal by 25 percent; hot air can be generated by clinging to a baking process curve; the temperature of the combustion fan is always lower than 38 ℃, and the problem of high-temperature burning loss is avoided.
Drawings
Fig. 1 and 2 are a left side view and a top view of a bulk coal bed top ignition flue-cured hot blast stove, respectively. In the drawings 1-2, 1 is a furnace top cover, 11 is a coal loading channel, 111 is a top furnace door, 2 is a furnace belly, 3 is a furnace bar, 4 is an ash removal channel, 41 is a bottom furnace door, 5 is a bedding coal layer, 6 is a scattered coal bed, and 7 is an ignition coal block.
Detailed Description
The invention is further described below with reference to the accompanying drawings.
As shown in attached figures 1-2, the bulk coal bed top ignition flue-cured hot blast stove comprises a stove top cover 1, a stove belly 2, a fire bar 3, an ash removal channel 4, a bedding bottom coal layer 5, a bulk coal bed 6 and an ignition coal block 7. The furnace top cover 1 comprises a cylindrical side wall in the shape of a right-standing circular truncated cone, a coal inlet is formed in the side wall of the furnace top cover 1, the edge of the coal inlet is in full-welded connection with the edge of an outlet of a cylindrical coal charging channel 11 with the inner diameter of 80-100 mm, and the inlet of the coal charging channel 11 is sealed by a top furnace door 111. The circumference of the bottom end surface of the furnace top cover 1 is in full-welding connection with the circumference of the top end surface of the furnace bosh 2. The inner cavity of the furnace bosh 2 is in a shape of a right vertical barrel, and the furnace bars 3 are horizontally arranged at a height of 200 mm-250 mm from the bottom surface of the inner cavity of the furnace bosh 2. The bottom of the side wall of the furnace belly 2 is provided with a combustion-supporting air inlet, and the edge of the combustion-supporting air inlet is in full-welding connection with the edge of the outlet of the ash removal channel 4. The central axis of the ash removal channel 4 is a horizontal line, the extension line of the central axis of the ash removal channel 4 is vertically intersected with the central axis of the furnace bosh 2, the vertical section of the ash removal channel 4 is rectangular, the width of the ash removal channel 4 is 0.5-0.6 times of the inner diameter of the furnace bosh 2, and the inner cavity of the ash removal channel 4 is communicated with the inner cavity of the furnace bosh 2 below the fire bars 3 to form a static pressure area. The inlet of the ash cleaning channel 4 is sealed by a bottom furnace door 41, and the center of the bottom furnace door 41 is provided with a combustion air inlet. The inlet end face of the ash cleaning channel 4 and the end face of the coal loading channel 11 are both arranged on the outer wall surface of the front wall of the hot air chamber. The top surface of the inner cavity of the ash removal channel 4 is 75-85 mm higher than the top surface of the furnace bar 3. A bottom-laying type coal bed 5 is stacked above the fire bars 3, and a scattered coal bed 6 is stacked above the bottom-laying type coal bed 5. The ignition coal block 7 naturally falls to the top surface of the coal bed 6 through the coal charging passage 11. A fire bar 3 is horizontally arranged in the inner cavity of the furnace belly 2, and a bottom-supported coal bed 5, a bulk coal bed 6 and an ignition coal block 7 are sequentially arranged above the fire bar 3 from bottom to top.
The furnace top cover 1 is in a shape of a right circular truncated cone, the height of the furnace top cover is 100-150 mm, the circumference of the bottom end surface of the furnace top cover 1 is in full-welding connection with the circumference of the top end surface of the furnace belly 2, and the circular hole of the top end surface is a flue gas outlet from the furnace. The inner wall surface of the furnace top cover 1 is a heat reflection surface, which is helpful for maintaining the combustion temperature of the top surface of the scattered coal bed 6. The inner cavity of the furnace bosh 2 is in a shape of a right vertical barrel, the height of the inner cavity of the furnace bosh 2 is 1.2 m-1.5 m, and the inner diameter is 0.9 m-1.1 m. The height of the inner cavity of the furnace bosh 2 is 1.2 m-1.5 m, which is the maximum height capable of being utilized after deducting the space height occupied by the mixing chamber and the heat exchange single pipe under the limitation of the height of the top wall of the existing hot air chamber of 2.5m, and simultaneously, the balance result capable of loading as many briquettes as possible is considered, so that the coal can be loaded once, and the requirement of the labor force market in the rural area at present can be met. The inner diameter of the inner cavity of the furnace bosh 2 is 0.9 m-1.1 m, the available space width of the hot air chamber is considered to be 1.4m, and negative effects such as uneven temperature field effect, wall effect, funnel effect and the like caused by the large cross section of the fixed bed are reduced to the minimum degree by the three. The inner wall of the furnace belly 2 above the fire bars 3 is pasted with a refractory brick layer, the height of the refractory brick layer is 300 mm-500 mm, and the thickness of the refractory brick layer is 30 mm-50 mm. The ash slag of the bottom-supported coal seam 5 on the fire bar 3 is firstly smashed by the inverted T-shaped hook and then naturally falls to the ash cleaning channel 4 along the gap of the fire bar 3. As the ash content of the coal bed 6 is low, the ash is loose after combustion, and after the ash of the bottom-supported coal bed 5 above the fire bars 3 is emptied, the ash of the coal bed 6 naturally falls to the bottom of the furnace bosh 2 along the gap of the fire bars 3 under the action of gravity and can be smoothly shoveled out by an iron shovel. The deashing passageway 4 can carry out the deashing operation and supply combustion air, deashing passageway 4 width is 0.5 ~ 0.6 times for 2 internal diameters of furnace belly, deashing passageway 4 inner chamber height exceeds 3 top surfaces of fire bars 75mm ~ 85mm, deashing passageway 4 the central axis is the water flat line, deashing passageway 4 the central axis extension line and 2 central axes of furnace belly intersect perpendicularly, the vertical cross-section of deashing passageway 4 is the rectangle form, deashing passageway 4 inner chamber height exceeds 3 top surfaces of fire bars 75mm ~ 85mm, just be the moulded coal height, can fill in the moulded coal from 75mm ~ 85mm breach department, the moulded coal occupies and forms the type coal seam 5 of backing up after 3 planes of fire bars. The adhesive of the molded coal is common yellow soil, so that ash residues after the molded coal is burnt have enough strength, and the ash residues after the molded coal is burnt are prevented from being crushed by the ash residues after the pulverized coal bed 6 is burnt, so that the burnt ash residues of the pulverized coal bed 6 fall into the ash removal channel 4. The bed-type coal seam 5 is used for preventing pre-loaded bulk coal from falling into the ash removal channel 4 from the gap of the furnace bar 3.
The top end surface of the inner cavity of the furnace top cover 1 is a furnace flue gas outlet. The side surface of the inner cavity of the furnace top cover 1 is connected with a coal loading channel 11, the inner diameter of the coal loading channel 11 is 80-100 mm, and an operator does not need to enter the furnace during coal feeding, so that the workload of the operator is reduced, and the labor cost is reduced. The bottom end face of the furnace top cover 1 coincides with the top end face of the inner cavity of the furnace belly 2, the ash removal channel 4 is formed in the lower portion of the inner cavity of the furnace belly 2, the inlet of the ash removal channel 4 is sealed by a bottom furnace door 41, a combustion-supporting air inlet is formed in the center of the bottom furnace door 41, ash removal is facilitated, meanwhile, the bottom-supported coal seam 5 is conveniently added, and meanwhile, the bottom-supported coal seam is also used as a combustion-supporting fan air inlet to ensure sufficient combustion.
The processing and assembling sequence of the hot blast stove is as follows: cold-working the rolled plate to obtain a metal shell of the furnace top cover 1 and the furnace belly 2; a coal inlet is processed on the side surface of the furnace top cover 1, and a combustion-supporting air inlet is processed on the bottom surface of the furnace bosh 2; and (3) processing a fire bar 3, wherein the fire bar 3 is made of cast iron material and does not deform after being used for a long time in a high-temperature environment, and then putting the fire bar 3 into the inner cavity of the furnace bosh 2. The inner wall of the furnace bosh 2 above the furnace bar 3 is pasted with a refractory brick layer with the height of 300 mm-500 mm and the thickness of 30 mm-50 mm. The inner wall of the furnace bosh 2 within 300-500 mm above the furnace bar 3 falls down by self gravity, so that mechanical impact is easily generated on the inner wall of the furnace bosh 2, and refractory bricks with the thickness of 30-50 mm are pasted to prolong the service life of the hot blast furnace. In addition, the area (namely a static pressure area) of the furnace bosh 2 below the furnace bar 3 has low temperature, and the hidden trouble problem of high-temperature burning loss does not exist, so the inner wall of the furnace bosh 2 below the furnace bar 3 and the inner wall of the ash removal channel 4 are not pasted with refractory bricks or refractory pouring layers. The fire-resistant lining is slowly separated out free water and the water of combination by burning a small amount of firewood, so that the fire-resistant lining is prevented from falling off, melting and sliding down or high-temperature bursting to shorten the service life. The circumference of the bottom end surface of the furnace top cover 1 is in full-welding connection with the circumference of the top end surface of the furnace bosh 2.
When the bulk coal bed top surface ignition flue-cured hot blast stove is used, before bulk coal is added, a bottom-supported coal layer 5 needs to be plugged into the top surface gaps of the fire bars 3 and the ash removal channel 4 and is fully distributed on the whole top surface of the fire bars 3, the bulk coal is poured into the coal loading channel 11, due to the existence of the bottom-supported coal layer 5, a bulk coal bed 6 is ensured to be formed, and finally, after 1-2 ignition coal blocks 7 which are burning are added, the bulk coal can naturally fall to the top surface of the bulk coal bed 6 by virtue of the self gravity. The ignition coal block 7 slowly ignites the molded coal around the ignition coal block 7. The effect brought by the ignition of the top surface of the loose coal bed 6 and the side wall effect is that the middle part is lack of air, the combustion reaction speed can be controlled not to be increased too fast, thereby meeting the heat supply requirement of the yellowing stage in the three-stage baking process. The shape of the bulk coal is irregular, the blocking probability of the airflow channel of the bulk coal bed 6 is low, and the air can flow smoothly from the ash collecting area to the combustion area through the fire grate 3.
An operator seals the coal loading channel 11 and the ash cleaning channel 4, and after the temperature and humidity time parameters of the temperature controller are set and started to operate after a combustion-supporting fan is connected, the combustion-supporting fan sends air into the furnace bosh 2, the combustion-supporting air completely flows upwards in the coal scattering bed 6, a combustion surface slowly moves to the top surface of the furnace bar 3 from the top of the furnace bosh 2 slowly, the heat is stably supplied by long-time open fire backfire, the temperature can be raised to 68 ℃ upwards by clinging to a baking process curve until baking is finished, the operation is safely and stably performed for 6-7 days, the burning heat supply tasks of a yellowing stage, a fixed color stage and a stem drying stage are finished, and the three-stage baking technical process requirements of flue-cured tobacco are met. During ash removal, ash in the bottom-supported coal seam 5 is firstly smashed by the inverted T-shaped hook, and the ash in the bottom-supported coal seam 5 naturally falls to the ash removal channel 4 along the gap of the furnace bar 3. As the ash content of the loose coal is low and the ash is loose, the ash can naturally fall to the bottom of the furnace bosh 2 along the gap of the furnace bar 3 under the action of gravity and is finally shoveled out by an iron shovel.
When the invention is used, the tobacco loading room is not changed, the size of the hot air chamber is 1.4m multiplied by 1.4m, the flue-cured tobacco temperature controller and the control circuit are not changed, the specifications of the combustion-supporting fan and the circulating fan are not changed, and the hot air furnace and the heat exchanger are only needed to be replaced.
The structural features and technical features of the invention and the technical effects brought by the invention are described in detail as follows:
the invention has the structural characteristic that the ignition coal block 7 slides through the coal loading channel and falls into the top surface of the coal scattering bed 6 by the self gravity. During ignition, the ignition coal blocks 7 are thrown from the coal charging channel 11 and can fall onto the top surface of the scattered coal bed 6 to form top surface ignition of the scattered coal bed, meanwhile, the side wall effect causes the central area of the furnace bosh 2 to lack air, and in the three-section tobacco leaf baking process, the combustion speed can be automatically controlled in the yellowing period, so that slow combustion is realized. The tobacco leaf baking technology of the invention has obvious effects on improving the tobacco leaf baking quality and increasing the income of tobacco growers. In addition, when the coal is pre-loaded, an operator directly puts the bulk coal through the coal loading channel 11, the operator does not need to enter the furnace bosh 2, and the operation convenience is improved.
The invention has the structural characteristic that the top plane of the furnace bar 3 is below the top surface of the ash removal channel 4. The width of the ash removal channel 4 is 0.5-0.6 times of the inner diameter of the furnace bosh 2, and the height of the inner cavity of the ash removal channel 4 is 75-85 mm higher than the top surface of the furnace bar 3. On one hand, when the bottom-supported coal seam 5 is installed, the bottom-supported coal seam 5 is plugged from a gap between the top surfaces of the furnace bars 3 and the ash removal channel 4, so that the bottom-supported coal seam 5 is tightly stacked on the whole top surface of the furnace bars 3, and the coal piling requirements such as moderate gap size and the like in the stacking process of the bottom-supported coal seam 5 are met. On the other hand, when the ash is cleaned, the top surface of the fire bar 3 is 75 mm-85 mm higher than the ash cleaning channel 4, so that the ash on the bottom-supporting coal layer 5 is easy to break during the ash cleaning. After the ash slag of the bottom-bedding coal layer 5 is broken up, the ash slag is loose due to the fact that the ash content of the loose coal is low, and after all the ash slag of the bottom-bedding coal layer 5 is removed, the ash slag of the loose coal bed 6 naturally falls into the ash cleaning channel 4 along the gap of the fire grate 3 under the action of gravity, and finally the ash slag can be smoothly shoveled out by an iron shovel. The operator can finish the ash cleaning and coal charging operation outside the furnace, the air outside the furnace flows smoothly, and the operator is comfortable to operate.
The invention has the structural characteristic that the ignition coal blocks 7 naturally fall on the top surface of the scattered coal bed 6, so that the ignition and ignition of the top surface of the scattered coal bed 6 can be ensured, and the requirement of three-section type baking heat supply can be met. The structural characteristic that the top surface of the fire bar 3 is below the top surface of the ash removal channel 4 can ensure comfortable coal-charging and ash-removal operation, and the tobacco leaf baking is people-oriented.
One of the technical characteristics of the invention is 'one-time coal charging'. The invention has large inner cavity, high utilization rate of furnace chamber volume, can load more bulk coal, does not need to add coal in the baking process, and reduces the labor intensity of operators. The height of the inner cavity of the furnace belly 2 is 1.2-1.5 m, the inner diameter is 0.9-1.1 m, the volume utilization rate of the hearth is 100 percent, and the requirement of one-time coal charging is met. The one-time coal charging amount of the invention slightly exceeds the coal charging amount of the tunnel furnace, the heat efficiency is 25 percent higher than that of the tunnel furnace, and the invention can keep longer baking and heat supplying time.
The invention is characterized in that the other one is 'open fire reverse burning'. The air driven by the combustion fan of the invention completely passes through the fire bars 3 and uniformly flows in the bulk coal bed 6 from bottom to top. All air flows through the coal scattering bed 6, ignition and ignition are started from the top surface of the coal scattering bed 6, due to 'ignition on the top surface of the coal scattering bed 6 + side wall effect', the combustion surface is firstly positioned on the top surface of the coal scattering bed 6, the ignition coal block 7 firstly ignites the coal scattered on the lower part of the ignition coal block, due to the side wall effect, the middle air is short, meanwhile, the ignition coal block 7 is positioned on the top surface of the coal scattering bed 6, the ignition coal block is difficult to contact with surrounding coal scattered, the combustion surface can only slowly move from top to bottom by igniting the coal scattered on the lower layer, the moving direction of the combustion surface is opposite to the air flowing direction, and the open fire back combustion process is realized. Continuously preheating downstream loose coal and air contacted with the loose coal in the downward flowing process of the combustion surface, enabling dry distillation gas formed in the preheating process of the loose coal to enter the combustion surface to perform complete combustion reaction, and enabling high-temperature CO leaving the combustion surface 2 When the gas flows upwards, no high-temperature coke is contacted with the gas, namely, no reducing gas CO is generated, thus discharging the flue gas CO 2 High gas content, extremely low CO gas content and high heat efficiency (about 75%). The open fire reverse combustion can ensure the safe operation of the combustion fan. Fresh loose coal is arranged at the downstream of the combustion surface, the coal bed 6 with a certain height is arranged between the combustion surface and the static pressure area for separation, and the furnace gas naturally rises and flows, so that the static pressure area communicated with the combustion-supporting fan is always in a low-temperature state, the phenomenon that the combustion-supporting fan is burnt by high-temperature furnace gas retention backflow is avoided, the combustion-supporting fan does not need to be monitored by operators on duty, and the problem that the combustion-supporting fan is unsafe to operate is thoroughly solved.
The invention can be used in tobacco modulation baking heat supply occasions in various tobacco areas in the agricultural rural town field, and bulk coal dense flue-cured tobacco and loose leaf baking combustion heat supply devices.
The tobacco leaf baking practice shows that: the coal is charged once, and the ash removal is simple; ignition and ignition are simple; the exhaust gas temperature is less than 80 ℃, the CO emission of the flue gas is reduced by 75 percent, and the fire coal is saved by more than 25 percent; hot air can be generated by clinging to a baking process curve, and the phenomenon of temperature drop and overtemperature is avoided; no high-temperature furnace gas leaks, the temperature of a combustion fan is always lower than 38 ℃, and no high-temperature burning fault exists; saving labor, time and cost; the dry tobacco leaves have good quality, no inner quality loss, and more outstanding energy-saving, emission-reducing, safety and comfort performance.
Claims (1)
1. The hot blast stove of flue-cured tobacco of scattered coal bed top ignition, mainly include the furnace roof, the furnace bosh, the fire bars, the deashing passageway, fill up the bottom type coal seam, scattered coal bed and ignition coal piece, the furnace roof is including being upright round platform tube-shape lateral wall, the furnace roof lateral wall is seted up into the coal mouth, it is cylindric and the coal charging passageway exit edge full weld connection of internal diameter 80mm ~ 100mm to advance the coal mouth edge, the coal charging passageway import is sealed with the top furnace gate, furnace roof bottom end face circumference and furnace bosh top end face circumference full weld connection, the furnace bosh inner chamber is upright cask form, the high level of 200mm ~ 250mm arranges the fire bars apart from furnace bosh inner chamber bottom, combustion-supporting air inlet is seted up to furnace bosh lateral wall bottom, combustion-supporting air inlet edge and deashing passageway exit edge full weld connection, the ash charging passageway central axis is the horizontal line, deashing passageway central axis intersects perpendicularly with furnace bosh central axis, the vertical cross-section of deashing passageway is the rectangle form, the deashing passageway inner chamber communicates with the furnace bosh inner chamber below the fire bars becomes static nip, the inlet is sealed with the bottom furnace gate for the bottom furnace entrance, the bottom furnace gate center sets up combustion-supporting air inlet, ash charging passageway end face and the outer wall face all lie in the outer face of the ash charging wall before its characteristics of hot blast chamber: the height of the inner cavity of the furnace belly is 1.2-1.5 m, the inner diameter is 0.9-1.1 m, the top surface of the inner cavity of the ash removal channel is 75-85 mm higher than the top surface of the fire bar, the molded coal is stuffed into the gap between the top surface of the fire bar and the top surface of the ash removal channel and is fully distributed on the top surface of the fire bar to form a bottom-supported coal bed, the scattered coal loaded from the inlet of the coal loading channel falls into the space above the bottom-supported molded coal bed to finally form a scattered coal bed, and the coal blocks which pass through the coal loading channel and are ignited naturally fall into the top surface of the scattered coal bed by virtue of the self gravity to ignite the coal combustion reaction.
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| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
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| CN201810178671.5A CN108194917B (en) | 2018-03-05 | 2018-03-05 | Bulk coal bed top ignition flue-curing hot blast stove |
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| CN201810178671.5A CN108194917B (en) | 2018-03-05 | 2018-03-05 | Bulk coal bed top ignition flue-curing hot blast stove |
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| CN108194917A CN108194917A (en) | 2018-06-22 |
| CN108194917B true CN108194917B (en) | 2022-12-06 |
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| CN111990679B (en) * | 2020-09-28 | 2023-12-05 | 云南省烟草农业科学研究院 | Intelligent open fire smoke curing barn for heating tobacco leaf raw materials of cigarettes and smoke curing method |
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| CN104006376A (en) * | 2014-06-23 | 2014-08-27 | 重庆大学 | Curing barn combustion chamber with double layers of inclined fire grates |
| CN104329799A (en) * | 2014-10-27 | 2015-02-04 | 重庆大学 | Trapezoidal fire grate hot air blast furnace with V-shaped fine seams |
| CN105276806A (en) * | 2015-11-19 | 2016-01-27 | 湖南省烟草公司长沙市公司宁乡县分公司 | High-temperature hot-blast stove for dense tobacco curing barn |
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| CN108194917A (en) | 2018-06-22 |
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