CN108194444B - Anti-idle-drilling hydraulic system of top hammer drilling machine and control method thereof - Google Patents
Anti-idle-drilling hydraulic system of top hammer drilling machine and control method thereof Download PDFInfo
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- CN108194444B CN108194444B CN201810230890.3A CN201810230890A CN108194444B CN 108194444 B CN108194444 B CN 108194444B CN 201810230890 A CN201810230890 A CN 201810230890A CN 108194444 B CN108194444 B CN 108194444B
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- 238000005553 drilling Methods 0.000 title claims abstract description 51
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 title claims abstract description 15
- 239000011435 rock Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 44
- 239000003921 oil Substances 0.000 claims description 249
- 230000000903 blocking effect Effects 0.000 claims description 7
- 230000002265 prevention Effects 0.000 claims description 6
- 239000010720 hydraulic oil Substances 0.000 claims description 5
- 238000010009 beating Methods 0.000 claims 1
- 239000012530 fluid Substances 0.000 claims 1
- 239000004576 sand Substances 0.000 abstract description 11
- 239000004575 stone Substances 0.000 abstract description 7
- 230000006872 improvement Effects 0.000 description 7
- 230000009471 action Effects 0.000 description 5
- 230000005641 tunneling Effects 0.000 description 4
- 238000004519 manufacturing process Methods 0.000 description 3
- 230000035945 sensitivity Effects 0.000 description 3
- 230000002159 abnormal effect Effects 0.000 description 2
- 238000010276 construction Methods 0.000 description 2
- 230000001276 controlling effect Effects 0.000 description 2
- 230000007547 defect Effects 0.000 description 2
- 238000011161 development Methods 0.000 description 2
- 239000000428 dust Substances 0.000 description 2
- 230000000694 effects Effects 0.000 description 2
- 238000010438 heat treatment Methods 0.000 description 2
- 238000012544 monitoring process Methods 0.000 description 2
- 230000008569 process Effects 0.000 description 2
- 230000004044 response Effects 0.000 description 2
- 230000009286 beneficial effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000008859 change Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000003245 coal Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000013461 design Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000010586 diagram Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000002045 lasting effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000012986 modification Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000004048 modification Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000001012 protector Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000001105 regulatory effect Effects 0.000 description 1
Classifications
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- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F15—FLUID-PRESSURE ACTUATORS; HYDRAULICS OR PNEUMATICS IN GENERAL
- F15B—SYSTEMS ACTING BY MEANS OF FLUIDS IN GENERAL; FLUID-PRESSURE ACTUATORS, e.g. SERVOMOTORS; DETAILS OF FLUID-PRESSURE SYSTEMS, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
- F15B13/00—Details of servomotor systems ; Valves for servomotor systems
- F15B13/02—Fluid distribution or supply devices characterised by their adaptation to the control of servomotors
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- E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
- E21—EARTH DRILLING; MINING
- E21B—EARTH DRILLING, e.g. DEEP DRILLING; OBTAINING OIL, GAS, WATER, SOLUBLE OR MELTABLE MATERIALS OR A SLURRY OF MINERALS FROM WELLS
- E21B4/00—Drives for drilling, used in the borehole
- E21B4/06—Down-hole impacting means, e.g. hammers
- E21B4/14—Fluid operated hammers
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- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F15—FLUID-PRESSURE ACTUATORS; HYDRAULICS OR PNEUMATICS IN GENERAL
- F15B—SYSTEMS ACTING BY MEANS OF FLUIDS IN GENERAL; FLUID-PRESSURE ACTUATORS, e.g. SERVOMOTORS; DETAILS OF FLUID-PRESSURE SYSTEMS, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
- F15B11/00—Servomotor systems without provision for follow-up action; Circuits therefor
- F15B11/02—Systems essentially incorporating special features for controlling the speed or actuating force of an output member
- F15B11/04—Systems essentially incorporating special features for controlling the speed or actuating force of an output member for controlling the speed
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- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F15—FLUID-PRESSURE ACTUATORS; HYDRAULICS OR PNEUMATICS IN GENERAL
- F15B—SYSTEMS ACTING BY MEANS OF FLUIDS IN GENERAL; FLUID-PRESSURE ACTUATORS, e.g. SERVOMOTORS; DETAILS OF FLUID-PRESSURE SYSTEMS, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
- F15B19/00—Testing; Calibrating; Fault detection or monitoring; Simulation or modelling of fluid-pressure systems or apparatus not otherwise provided for
Abstract
The utility model discloses an idle-run-preventing hydraulic system of a top hammer drilling machine and a control method thereof, and belongs to the field of hydraulic systems of engineering drilling machines. An oil inlet of an overflow valve I in the hydraulic system is connected with a pressure oil port of a rock drill, and an oil outlet of the overflow valve I is connected with an oil tank; two oil inlets of the shuttle valve are respectively connected with an oil inlet and an oil outlet of the propulsion motor, and the oil outlet of the shuttle valve is connected with a hydraulic control port of the two-position three-way hydraulic control reversing valve I; the inlet oil of the two-position three-way hydraulic control reversing valve I is connected with rotary pressure oil of the propulsion motor, the oil return port of the two-position three-way hydraulic control reversing valve I is connected with an oil tank, and the oil outlet of the two-position three-way hydraulic control reversing valve I is connected with a hydraulic control port of the two-position three-way hydraulic control reversing valve II; the oil inlet of the two-position three-way hydraulic control reversing valve II is connected with the control oil port of the overflow valve I, the oil return port of the two-position three-way hydraulic control reversing valve II is connected with the oil tank, the oil outlet of the two-position three-way hydraulic control reversing valve II is connected with the oil inlet of the overflow valve II, and the oil outlet of the overflow valve II is connected with the oil tank. The utility model controls the impact pressure of the rock drill and the rotating speed of the propulsion motor by sensing the revolving pressure of the propulsion motor of the drill bit during working, reduces the impact force and the propulsion speed, and is suitable for working conditions of holes or soft sand and stone.
Description
Technical Field
The utility model belongs to the field of hydraulic systems of engineering drillers, and particularly relates to an idle-run-preventing hydraulic system of a top hammer driller and a control method thereof.
Background
The full hydraulic top hammer drill is one of indispensable main construction equipment in engineering construction of mines, railways, highways, hydropower, coal, buildings and the like. All-hydraulic top hammer drill is widely used internationally and is also the main direction of development of novel Chinese drill.
For mountain stone zones such as mines, due to various rock types, complicated stratum conditions and different soft and hard degrees of different depths, a cavity layer is often mixed, rotation resistance born by a drill bit can be suddenly increased and blocked easily during drilling, or when the drill bit encounters cavities or soft sand, the resistance is naturally reduced, and the phenomenon of idle drilling of the drill bit occurs. For the drill bit blocking condition, if the rock drilling system cannot timely process the sudden drill bit blocking condition, the rotary motor is caused to exceed the bearable range, so that the drill bit is blocked together with drilling tools such as a drill rod, a connecting sleeve and the like, a user suffers great economic loss, and the hole forming efficiency is seriously influenced; and the idle drilling condition of the drill bit can cause the idle drilling of the rock drill, the connecting sleeve heats, the loss of the drilling tool is accelerated, and the drilling hole is deviated. The existing drilling machine hydraulic control system has no good function of preventing the occurrence of stuck drill, and a drill bit and a drill rod cannot be pulled out after the stuck drill; the problem to be solved is not well dealt with the smooth drilling function when encountering hollow or soft sand stone.
To overcome the sticking phenomenon, there are generally two existing solutions: the drilling machine is portable and high in attention, and the drilling machine is lifted in time when abnormal conditions are found, so that the working strength and the working difficulty of the machine are increased. Alternatively, an electro-hydraulic protector is provided, and the propulsion motor is reversed when the torque increases to a certain value. However, the drilling machine has the defects of severe working site, large vibration, more dust, increased hysteresis between electric elements and insensitive response, thus the effect is not ideal. For example, chinese patent (CN 201241688Y) discloses a hydraulic rotary drill anti-sticking device, which adds a pressure sensor in the pipeline at the oil inlet end of the rotary motor, and adds an electromagnetic reversing valve in the loop between the feed cylinder and the manual reversing valve, when the pressure of the oil inlet of the rotary motor is abnormal, the device can automatically process the complex situation in the hole, thereby preventing the occurrence of the sticking accident. However, the working site of the engineering driller has the defects of severe environment, large vibration, more dust, large hysteresis among electric elements and poor response sensitivity, and more importantly, the condition of idle drilling of the drill bit is not considered.
Other schemes exist in the prior art, and the drilling sticking problem can be solved by adapting to more complex working conditions, for example, the Chinese patent application number is: 201510912682.8, publication date: patent literature of 2016-2-24 days discloses an anti-seize control valve group of a full-hydraulic open-air rock drilling machine, which comprises a first sequence valve, wherein an oil inlet of the first sequence valve is communicated with a rotary pressure signal oil port of the control valve group, and when the pressure of the rotary pressure signal oil port exceeds the set pressure of the first sequence valve, the first sequence valve is reversed to lead the oil inlet and the oil outlet of the first sequence valve to be communicated; the oil inlet of the first hydraulic control reversing valve is communicated with the feed pressure oil port of the control valve group, the oil return port of the first hydraulic control reversing valve is communicated with the oil return port of the control valve group, and the two working oil ports of the first hydraulic control reversing valve are respectively communicated with the pushing oil port and the upper oil lifting port of the control valve group; the oil inlet of the second hydraulic control reversing valve is communicated with a propulsion pilot oil port of the control valve group, the oil outlet of the second hydraulic control reversing valve is communicated with a hydraulic control port of the second hydraulic control reversing valve, and the hydraulic control port of the second hydraulic control reversing valve is communicated with the oil outlet of the first sequence valve; the first oil inlet of the shuttle valve is communicated with the oil outlet of the first sequence valve, the second oil inlet of the shuttle valve is communicated with the lifting pilot oil port of the control valve group, and the oil outlet of the shuttle valve is communicated with the other hydraulic control port of the second hydraulic control reversing valve; the hydraulic control end of the propulsion pressure control valve is communicated with a rotary pressure signal oil port of the control valve group, an oil outlet of the propulsion pressure control valve is communicated with an oil inlet of the first overflow valve, when the pressure of the rotary pressure signal oil port exceeds the set pressure of the propulsion pressure control valve, the propulsion pressure control valve acts to enable an oil inlet and an oil outlet of the propulsion pressure control valve to be communicated, and when the pressure of the rotary pressure signal oil port is lower than a selected ratio load value, the oil port is closed. According to the scheme, the valve bank reduces impact pressure while preventing calipers, and improves rock drilling efficiency according to the condition of clamping rods regulated and controlled by different pressure levels, but the valve bank is very complex in structure, uses more hydraulic elements, is higher in production and use cost, is larger in accumulated error, is lower in control precision, and is more prone to faults such as component damage and oil leakage.
Disclosure of Invention
1. Problems to be solved
The utility model provides an anti-idle-drilling hydraulic system of a top hammer drilling machine, and aims to solve the problem that a drill bit is idle-drilling when working under working conditions such as holes or soft sand and the like cannot be well solved by the existing top hammer drilling machine. The hydraulic system controls the impact pressure of the rock drill by sensing the rotation pressure of the drill when the propelling motor works, so as to reduce the impact force; meanwhile, the rotating speed of the propulsion motor is reduced, namely the propulsion speed is reduced, and the device is better suitable for tunneling work under the working condition of holes or soft sand and stone.
The utility model also provides a control method of the hydraulic system, which can automatically adjust the drilling pressure and speed according to working conditions, adapt to tunneling work under the working conditions of holes or soft sand and stone, and ensure the durable and efficient operation of equipment.
In addition, the utility model also carries out the optimal design on the idle-run prevention hydraulic system of the top hammer drilling machine, can effectively prevent the phenomenon of drill sticking, has simple structure and high reliability, and effectively improves the drilling efficiency.
2. Technical proposal
In order to solve the problems, the utility model adopts the following technical scheme.
An anti-idle-run hydraulic system of a top hammer drilling machine comprises a shuttle valve, a two-position three-way hydraulic control reversing valve I, a two-position three-way hydraulic control reversing valve II, an overflow valve I and an overflow valve II; an oil inlet of the overflow valve I is connected with a pressure oil port of the rock drill, and an oil outlet of the overflow valve I is connected with an oil tank; two oil inlets of the shuttle valve are respectively connected with an oil inlet and an oil outlet of the propulsion motor, and the oil outlet of the shuttle valve is connected with a hydraulic control port of the two-position three-way hydraulic control reversing valve I; the inlet oil of the two-position three-way hydraulic control reversing valve I is connected with rotary pressure oil of the propulsion motor, the oil return port of the two-position three-way hydraulic control reversing valve I is connected with an oil tank, and the oil outlet of the two-position three-way hydraulic control reversing valve I is connected with the hydraulic control port of the two-position three-way hydraulic control reversing valve II; the oil inlet of the two-position three-way hydraulic control reversing valve II is connected with the control oil port of the overflow valve I, the oil return port of the two-position three-way hydraulic control reversing valve II is connected with the oil tank, the oil outlet of the two-position three-way hydraulic control reversing valve II is connected with the oil inlet of the overflow valve II, and the oil outlet of the overflow valve II is connected with the oil tank.
As a further development, the relief pressure of the relief valve i is higher than the relief pressure of the relief valve ii.
As a further improvement, the hydraulic control reversing valve further comprises a two-position three-way hydraulic control reversing valve III, a throttle valve I and a throttle valve II; the hydraulic control port of the two-position three-way hydraulic control reversing valve III is connected with the oil outlet of the two-position three-way hydraulic control reversing valve II, the oil inlet of the two-position three-way hydraulic control reversing valve III is connected with the oil pump, the two oil outlets of the two-position three-way hydraulic control reversing valve III are respectively connected with the oil inlet of the throttle valve I and the oil inlet of the throttle valve II, and the oil outlets of the throttle valve I and the throttle valve II both provide pressure oil for the propulsion motor.
As a further improvement, the oil outlets of the throttle valve I and the throttle valve II are connected with the same oil inlet of the priority valve, and the first oil outlet of the priority valve provides pressure oil for the propulsion motor; and an oil outlet of the oil pump is connected with a pressure oil port of the rock drill through a priority valve.
As a further improvement, the first oil outlet of the priority valve is connected with a propulsion motor through a three-position four-way reversing valve; the first oil outlet of the priority valve is connected with the oil inlet of the overflow valve III, and the oil outlet of the overflow valve III is connected with the oil tank.
As a further improvement, a first oil outlet of the priority valve is connected with a P port of a three-position four-way reversing valve, a T port of the three-position four-way reversing valve is connected with an oil tank, and an A port and a B port of the three-position four-way reversing valve are respectively connected with an oil inlet and an oil outlet of a propulsion motor.
A control method of an idle-run-preventing hydraulic system of a top hammer drilling machine comprises the following steps:
when the cavity or soft medium is encountered, the oil pressure of the propulsion motor is reduced, the oil pressure flowing into the two-position three-way hydraulic control reversing valve I through the shuttle valve is reduced, the two-position three-way hydraulic control reversing valve I is reversed, the oil inlet and the oil outlet of the two-position three-way hydraulic control reversing valve I are communicated, the rotary pressure oil of the propulsion motor enters the hydraulic control port of the two-position three-way hydraulic control reversing valve II through the two-position three-way hydraulic control reversing valve I, the two-position three-way hydraulic control reversing valve II is reversed, the oil inlet and the oil outlet of the two-position three-way hydraulic control reversing valve II are communicated, the working pressure of the rock drill is switched to the overflow pressure of the overflow valve II from the overflow valve I, and the impact force is reduced.
As a further improvement, the oil inlet of the overflow valve II enters a hydraulic control port of the driving hydraulic control reversing valve III, the driving hydraulic control reversing valve III reverses, the throttle valve I and the throttle valve II switch to work, the flow of hydraulic oil entering the propulsion motor is reduced, and the rotation speed of the propulsion motor is reduced.
As a further improvement, an A port and a B port of a three-position four-way reversing valve in the hydraulic system are respectively connected with a P port and a T port of a two-position four-way hydraulic control reversing valve, two oil outlets of the two-position four-way hydraulic control reversing valve are respectively connected with an oil inlet and an oil outlet of a propulsion motor, and the hydraulic control ports of the two-position four-way hydraulic control reversing valve are connected with the oil outlets of a sequence valve; an oil inlet of the sequence valve is connected with rotary pressure oil of the propulsion motor, and an oil return port of the sequence valve is connected with an oil tank;
when the blocking working condition is met, the rotary pressure of the propulsion motor is increased, the sequence valve is opened, rotary pressure oil enters a hydraulic control port of the two-position four-way hydraulic control reversing valve through the sequence valve, the two-position four-way hydraulic control reversing valve reverses, and the propulsion motor is switched from a propulsion state to a lifting state.
As a further improvement, the overflow set pressure of the overflow valve I is 14MPa, the overflow set pressure of the overflow valve II is 10MPa, and the opening pressure of the sequence valve is 10MPa.
3. Advantageous effects
Compared with the prior art, the utility model has the beneficial effects that:
(1) According to the hydraulic system, through the cooperation of the shuttle valve, the two-position three-way hydraulic control reversing valve I and the two-position three-way hydraulic control reversing valve II, the working states of the overflow valve I and the overflow valve II are controlled according to the working oil pressure of the propulsion motor, so that the working oil pressure of the rock drill is controlled, and when a cavity or soft sand stone is encountered, the impact pressure of the rock drill is reduced, the rock drill is prevented from being idle, the heating of a connecting sleeve is reduced, the drilling tool loss is reduced, and the drilling is prevented from being deflected; the system has the advantages of fewer hydraulic elements, simple structure, lower production and use costs, low probability of failure, higher sensitivity and reliability, and ensured durable and efficient operation of equipment.
(2) The hydraulic system controls the working pressure of the rock drill by monitoring the working oil pressure of the propulsion motor, and further controls the working flow of the propulsion motor according to the working pressure of the rock drill, so as to control the speed of the propulsion motor, namely, the working of the throttle valves with two different flows is switched according to the working pressure of the rock drill, the oil supply quantity of the propulsion motor is changed, and the propulsion speed is controlled; it can be seen that by reducing both the impact pressure and the propulsion speed, the cavity or soft medium conditions are better accommodated.
(3) The hydraulic system controls the working priority sequence between the propulsion motor and the rock drill through the priority valve, so that the combined operation is realized; the three-position four-way reversing valve is used for manually switching the steering of the propulsion motor when the equipment is in operation, namely switching the propulsion state and the lifting state, is the most common valve when the equipment is in normal operation, and prevents the overload of the pressure of the propulsion motor by taking the overflow valve III as a safety valve, thereby playing a role in safety protection.
(4) The hydraulic system can also solve the problem of drilling tool blocking on the basis of preventing the rock drill from idle drilling, controls the opening of the sequence valve through the rotation pressure of the propulsion motor, further controls the action of the two-position four-way hydraulic control reversing valve, and switches the oil inlet and outlet paths of the propulsion motor, so that the working state of the propulsion motor is converted into the lifting working state, the drilling tools such as a drill bit, a drill rod, a connecting sleeve and the like are effectively prevented from being blocked and damaged, and the working efficiency is ensured.
(5) The control method of the hydraulic system can automatically adjust the drilling pressure and speed according to working conditions, adapt to tunneling work under the working conditions of holes or soft sand and stone, and ensure the durable and efficient operation of equipment; meanwhile, the drilling sticking phenomenon can be effectively prevented, the working reliability is high, and the drilling efficiency is effectively improved.
Drawings
Fig. 1 is a hydraulic schematic diagram of an anti-idle-run hydraulic system of a top hammer drill of the present utility model.
The reference numerals in the drawings are: 1. a shuttle valve; 2. two-position three-way hydraulic control reversing valve I; 3. two-position three-way hydraulic control reversing valve II; 4. an overflow valve I; 5. an overflow valve II; 6. two-position three-way hydraulic control reversing valve III; 7. a throttle valve I; 8. a throttle valve II; 9. a priority valve; 10. a sequence valve; 11. two-position four-way hydraulic control reversing valve; 12. a three-position four-way reversing valve; 13. and an overflow valve III.
Detailed Description
The utility model is further described below in connection with specific embodiments and the accompanying drawings.
Example 1
As shown in fig. 1, the hydraulic system of the full hydraulic jack-hammer drill according to the present embodiment is mainly aimed at adapting the drilling operation of the drill equipment to the working condition of hollow or soft medium, and the system is based on the comprehensive control of the advancing speed of the rock drill and the advancing motor to realize the phenomenon of idle driving prevention of the drill, and the following description will be made on the structure and principle in more detail.
The hydraulic system of the embodiment mainly comprises an oil pump, a shuttle valve 1, a two-position three-way hydraulic control reversing valve I2, a two-position three-way hydraulic control reversing valve II 3, an overflow valve I4, an overflow valve II 5, a two-position three-way hydraulic control reversing valve III 6, a throttle valve I7, a throttle valve II 8, a priority valve 9, a three-position four-way reversing valve 12 and an overflow valve III 13. The oil pump is used as a power element and provides pressure oil for the rock drill and the propulsion motor to finish the impact and propulsion actions; the priority valve 9 controls the working priority sequence between the propulsion motor and the rock drill, so that the combined operation is realized, and the coordinated action of the propulsion motor and the rock drill is ensured; the three-position four-way reversing valve 12 is a manual reversing valve and is used for controlling pushing or lifting actions manually by an operator when the equipment is in operation; the working pressure of the rock drill is completed by matching a shuttle valve 1, a two-position three-way hydraulic control reversing valve I2, a two-position three-way hydraulic control reversing valve II 3, an overflow valve I4 and an overflow valve II 5; the rotating speed of the propulsion motor is completed through the cooperation of a two-position three-way hydraulic control reversing valve III 6, a throttle valve I7 and a throttle valve II 8.
The oil outlet of the oil pump is divided into two paths, the two paths are respectively connected to the rock drill and the propulsion motor through the priority valve 9, the overflow valve I4 is arranged between the priority valve 9 and the rock drill, the oil inlet of the overflow valve I4 is connected with the pressure oil port of the rock drill, the pressure oil port of the rock drill is also connected with the second oil outlet of the priority valve 9, the oil outlet of the overflow valve I4 is connected with the oil tank, and the overflow valve I4 is used as a first-stage safety valve when the rock drill works normally; the two oil inlets of the shuttle valve 1 are respectively connected with the oil inlet and the oil outlet of the propulsion motor, the oil outlet of the shuttle valve 1 is connected with the hydraulic control port of the two-position three-way hydraulic control reversing valve I2, and the hydraulic control port of the two-position three-way hydraulic control reversing valve I2 can always receive the pressure oil of the propulsion motor no matter the direction of the oil inlet of the propulsion motor.
The inlet oil of the two-position three-way hydraulic control reversing valve I2 is connected with the rotary pressure oil of the propulsion motor, the oil return port of the two-position three-way hydraulic control reversing valve I2 is connected with an oil tank, and the oil outlet of the two-position three-way hydraulic control reversing valve I2 is connected with the hydraulic control port of the two-position three-way hydraulic control reversing valve II 3. From the state of the drawing, the two-position three-way hydraulic control reversing valve I2 is provided with an electromagnetic valve, the left position is in an initial state, the oil inlet and the oil outlet of the two-position three-way hydraulic control reversing valve I2 are communicated, and the oil return port is cut off.
The oil inlet of the two-position three-way hydraulic control reversing valve II 3 is provided with a control oil port of the overflow valve I4, so that the overflow pressure of the overflow valve I4 is adjustable, the oil return port of the two-position three-way hydraulic control reversing valve II 3 is connected with an oil tank, the oil outlet of the two-position three-way hydraulic control reversing valve II 3 is connected with the oil inlet of the overflow valve II 5, and the oil outlet of the overflow valve II 5 is connected with the oil tank. From the attached drawing, the two-position three-way pilot operated reversing valve II 3 is provided with an electromagnetic valve, the upper position is in an initial state, the oil inlet of the valve is cut off, and the oil outlet is communicated with the oil return port. The initially set relief pressure of the relief valve i 4 is higher than the initially set relief pressure of the relief valve ii 5, so that the switching of the working oil pressure of the rock drill can be ensured.
The first oil outlet of the priority valve 9 is connected with a propulsion motor through a three-position four-way reversing valve 12 to provide hydraulic oil for the propulsion motor; the first oil outlet of the priority valve 9 is connected with the oil inlet of the overflow valve III 13, and the oil outlet of the overflow valve III 13 is connected with the oil tank. Specifically, the P port of the three-position four-way reversing valve 12 is connected with the first oil outlet of the priority valve 9, the T port of the three-position four-way reversing valve 12 is connected with an oil tank, and the a port and the B port of the three-position four-way reversing valve 12 are respectively connected with the oil inlet and the oil outlet of the propulsion motor. From the figure, the three-position four-way reversing valve 12 adopts a manual reversing valve with Y-shaped median function, and when in median position, the P port is cut off, and the other three ports are communicated; when the left position is reached, the P port is communicated with the B port, and the A port is communicated with the T port; and when the device is at the right position, the port P is connected with the port A, and the port B is connected with the port T. The three-position four-way reversing valve 12 is used for manually switching the steering of the propulsion motor when the equipment is in operation, namely switching the propulsion and lifting working states, is also the most common valve when the equipment is in normal operation, and prevents the overload of the pressure of the propulsion motor by taking the overflow valve III 13 as a safety valve, thereby playing a role in safety protection.
In the aspect of controlling the speed of the propulsion motor, the speed is realized through the connection structure of a two-position three-way hydraulic control reversing valve III 6, a throttle valve I7 and a throttle valve II 8. Specifically, the hydraulic control port of the two-position three-way hydraulic control reversing valve III 6 is connected with the oil outlet of the two-position three-way hydraulic control reversing valve II 3, namely, the oil inlet of the two-position three-way hydraulic control reversing valve III 6 is connected with one path of hydraulic oil of the oil pump, the two oil outlets of the two-position three-way hydraulic control reversing valve III 6 are respectively connected with the oil inlet of the throttle valve I7 and the oil inlet of the throttle valve II 8, and the oil outlets of the throttle valve I7 and the throttle valve II 8 are both connected with the same oil inlet of the priority valve 9 and both provide pressure oil for the propulsion motor. From the attached drawing, the two-position three-way hydraulic control reversing valve III 6 is provided with an electromagnetic valve, the lower position of the electromagnetic valve is the initial position, the oil inlet of the two-position three-way hydraulic control reversing valve III 6 is communicated with the oil outlet of the throttle valve II 8 in the initial state, the oil outlet of the throttle valve I7 is cut off, namely the throttle valve II 8 works, and the throttle valve I7 does not work. In this embodiment, the oil passage amount of the throttle valve ii 8 is larger than the oil passage amount of the throttle valve i 7, and the oil passage amounts of the throttle valve i 7 and the throttle valve ii 8 are different.
Therefore, the working pressure of the rock drill is controlled by monitoring the working oil pressure of the propulsion motor, and the working flow of the propulsion motor is further controlled according to the working pressure of the rock drill, so that the speed of the propulsion motor is controlled, namely, the operation of the throttle valves with two different flows is switched according to the working pressure of the rock drill, the oil supply quantity of the propulsion motor is changed, the propulsion speed is controlled, and the working condition of a cavity or a soft medium is better suitable.
In summary, the hydraulic system of the embodiment controls the working states of the overflow valve i 4 and the overflow valve ii 5 according to the working oil pressure of the propulsion motor through the cooperation of the shuttle valve 3, the two-position three-way hydraulic control reversing valve i 2 and the two-position three-way hydraulic control reversing valve ii 3, so as to control the working oil pressure of the rock drill, thereby reducing the impact pressure of the rock drill, preventing the rock drill from being idle, reducing the heating of the connecting sleeve, reducing the drilling tool loss and preventing the drill from being deflected when encountering hollow or soft sand; the system has the advantages of fewer hydraulic elements, simple structure, lower production and use costs, low probability of failure, higher sensitivity and reliability, and ensured durable and efficient operation of equipment.
When the equipment is in a normal working state, electromagnetic valves of the two-position three-way hydraulic control reversing valve I2, the two-position three-way hydraulic control reversing valve II 3 and the two-position three-way hydraulic control reversing valve III 6 are all electrified, the two-position three-way hydraulic control reversing valve I2 is in a lower position, the two-position three-way hydraulic control reversing valve II 3 is in a right position, the two-position three-way hydraulic control reversing valve III 6 is in a lower position, the working pressure of the rock drilling machine is controlled by the overflow valve I4, the equipment is in a high-pressure working state, and the impact force is large; the propulsion motor is at a higher speed and the apparatus operates at a faster propulsion speed. In the embodiment, the overflow set pressure of the overflow valve I4 is 14MPa, the overflow set pressure of the overflow valve II 5 is 10MPa, and the oil passing amount of the throttle valve II 8 is three times that of the throttle valve I7. When encountering a cavity or soft rock, the system automatically switches the working state to adapt to the working condition change, and the specific operation steps are as follows.
When a cavity or a soft medium is encountered, the oil inlet pressure of the propulsion motor is reduced, the oil pressure flowing into the two-position three-way hydraulic control reversing valve I2 through the shuttle valve 1 is reduced, the two-position three-way hydraulic control reversing valve I2 is reversed and reset, the oil inlet and the oil outlet of the two-position three-way hydraulic control reversing valve I2 are communicated, the rotation pressure oil of the propulsion motor enters the hydraulic control port of the two-position three-way hydraulic control reversing valve II 3 through the two-position three-way hydraulic control reversing valve I2, the two-position three-way hydraulic control reversing valve II 3 is reversed, the oil inlet and the oil outlet of the two-position three-way hydraulic control reversing valve II 3 are communicated, the working pressure of the rock drill is switched to the overflow pressure of the overflow valve II 5 by the overflow valve I4, and the impact pressure is reduced from 14MPa to 10MPa.
Meanwhile, oil inlet of the overflow valve II 5 enters a hydraulic control port of the driving hydraulic control reversing valve III 6, the hydraulic control reversing valve III 6 is driven to reverse under the action of pressure oil, the throttle valve I7 and the throttle valve II 8 are switched to work, the flow of hydraulic oil entering the propulsion motor is reduced, and the rotation speed of the propulsion motor is reduced.
The working oil pressure of the rock drill is reduced, the speed of the propelling motor is reduced, the equipment is switched to a low-running mode, the tunneling work under the working condition of holes or soft sand is well adapted, and the lasting and efficient running of the equipment is ensured.
Example 2
The hydraulic system of the full hydraulic jack-hammer drill of the embodiment is further improved on the basis of the embodiment 1. Although the drilling machine in embodiment 1 can adapt to the working condition of hollow or soft sand, but cannot adapt to the working condition of hard rock, that is, cannot cope with the occurrence of drilling tool jamming, the present embodiment is designed to solve the problem by further anti-jamming structure, and is matched with an anti-idle-driving structure, so that the device can adapt to more complex working conditions.
As shown in fig. 1, a sequence valve 10 and a two-position four-way pilot operated directional valve 11 are added into the hydraulic system of the embodiment; wherein, the port A and the port B of the three-position four-way reversing valve 12 are respectively connected with the port P and the port T of the two-position four-way hydraulic control reversing valve 11, the two oil outlets of the two-position four-way hydraulic control reversing valve 11 are respectively connected with the oil inlet and the oil outlet of the propulsion motor, the hydraulic control port of the two-position four-way hydraulic control reversing valve 11 is connected with the oil outlet of the sequence valve 10, the oil inlet of the sequence valve 10 is connected with the rotary pressure oil of the propulsion motor, and the oil return port of the sequence valve 10 is connected with the oil tank. In the drawing, the two-position four-way pilot operated directional control valve 11 is provided with an electromagnetic valve, the right position is in an initial state, the port P is communicated with the port A, and the port B is communicated with the port T for oil return; the sequence valve 10 is started, the oil inlet is cut off, the oil outlet and the oil return port are communicated with oil drainage, and the set pressure of the sequence valve 10 is 10Mpa as same as that of the overflow valve II 5, so that the sequence valve can be matched with idle-run-preventing operation better.
When the blocking working condition is met, the rotation pressure of the propulsion motor is increased and is higher than the opening pressure of the sequence valve 10, the sequence valve 10 is opened, rotation pressure oil enters a hydraulic control port of the two-position four-way hydraulic control reversing valve 11 through the sequence valve 10, the two-position four-way hydraulic control reversing valve 11 reverses, the propulsion motor reversely rotates, the propulsion motor is switched from a propulsion state to a lifting state, the blocking of drilling is prevented, the reliable operation of equipment is ensured, and the drilling efficiency is improved.
The examples of the present utility model are merely for describing the preferred embodiments of the present utility model, and are not intended to limit the spirit and scope of the present utility model, and those skilled in the art should make various changes and modifications to the technical solution of the present utility model without departing from the spirit of the present utility model.
Claims (10)
1. The utility model provides an empty hydraulic system of beating of preventing of top hammer rig, includes overflow valve I (4), and the pressure hydraulic fluid port of rock drill is connect to the oil inlet of overflow valve I (4), and the oil-out of overflow valve I (4) connects the oil tank, its characterized in that: the hydraulic control system also comprises a shuttle valve (1), a two-position three-way hydraulic control reversing valve I (2), a two-position three-way hydraulic control reversing valve II (3) and an overflow valve II (5); two oil inlets of the shuttle valve (1) are respectively connected with an oil inlet and an oil outlet of the propulsion motor, and the oil outlet of the shuttle valve (1) is connected with a hydraulic control port of the two-position three-way hydraulic control reversing valve I (2); the inlet oil of the two-position three-way hydraulic control reversing valve I (2) is connected with the rotary pressure oil of the propulsion motor, the oil return port of the two-position three-way hydraulic control reversing valve I (2) is connected with the oil tank, and the oil outlet of the two-position three-way hydraulic control reversing valve I (2) is connected with the hydraulic control port of the two-position three-way hydraulic control reversing valve II (3); the oil inlet of the two-position three-way hydraulic control reversing valve II (3) is connected with the control oil port of the overflow valve I (4), the oil return port of the two-position three-way hydraulic control reversing valve II (3) is connected with the oil tank, the oil outlet of the two-position three-way hydraulic control reversing valve II (3) is connected with the oil inlet of the overflow valve II (5), and the oil outlet of the overflow valve II (5) is connected with the oil tank.
2. The idle-run prevention hydraulic system of a top hammer drill according to claim 1, wherein: the overflow pressure of the overflow valve I (4) is higher than that of the overflow valve II (5).
3. The idle-run prevention hydraulic system of a top hammer drill according to claim 1, wherein: the hydraulic control system also comprises a two-position three-way hydraulic control reversing valve III (6), a throttle valve I (7) and a throttle valve II (8); the hydraulic control port of the two-position three-way hydraulic control reversing valve III (6) is connected with the oil outlet of the two-position three-way hydraulic control reversing valve II (3), the oil inlet of the two-position three-way hydraulic control reversing valve III (6) is connected with the oil pump, the two oil outlets of the two-position three-way hydraulic control reversing valve III (6) are respectively connected with the oil inlet of the throttle valve I (7) and the oil inlet of the throttle valve II (8), and the oil outlets of the throttle valve I (7) and the throttle valve II (8) both provide pressure oil for the propulsion motor.
4. A hydraulic system for preventing idle drilling of a jack hammer drill according to claim 3, wherein: the oil outlets of the throttle valve I (7) and the throttle valve II (8) are connected with the same oil inlet of the priority valve (9), and the first oil outlet of the priority valve (9) provides pressure oil for the propulsion motor; an oil outlet of the oil pump is connected with a pressure oil port of the rock drill through a priority valve (9).
5. The hydraulic system for preventing idle drilling of a jack hammer drill according to claim 4, wherein: the first oil outlet of the priority valve (9) is connected with a propulsion motor through a three-position four-way reversing valve (12); the first oil outlet of the priority valve (9) is connected with the oil inlet of the overflow valve III (13), and the oil outlet of the overflow valve III (13) is connected with the oil tank.
6. The hydraulic system for preventing idle drilling of a jack hammer drill according to claim 5, wherein: the first oil outlet of the priority valve (9) is connected with the P port of the three-position four-way reversing valve (12), the T port of the three-position four-way reversing valve (12) is connected with the oil tank, and the A port and the B port of the three-position four-way reversing valve (12) are respectively connected with the oil inlet and the oil outlet of the propulsion motor.
7. A control method of an idle-run-preventing hydraulic system of a top hammer drilling machine comprises the following steps:
when a cavity or a soft medium is encountered, the oil inlet pressure of the propulsion motor is reduced, the oil pressure flowing into the two-position three-way hydraulic control reversing valve I (2) through the shuttle valve (1) is reduced, the two-position three-way hydraulic control reversing valve I (2) is reversed, the oil inlet and the oil outlet of the two-position three-way hydraulic control reversing valve I (2) are communicated, the rotary pressure oil of the propulsion motor enters the hydraulic control port of the two-position three-way hydraulic control reversing valve II (3) through the two-position three-way hydraulic control reversing valve I (2), the two-position three-way hydraulic control reversing valve II (3) is reversed, the oil inlet and the oil outlet of the two-position three-way hydraulic control reversing valve II (3) are communicated, the working pressure of the rock drill is switched to the overflow pressure of the overflow valve II (5) through the overflow valve I (4), and the impact force is reduced.
8. The control method of the idle-run prevention hydraulic system of the top hammer drill according to claim 7, wherein the control method comprises the following steps: and oil inlet of the overflow valve II (5) enters a hydraulic control port of the driving hydraulic control reversing valve III (6), the driving hydraulic control reversing valve III (6) reverses, the throttle valve I (7) and the throttle valve II (8) switch to work, the flow of hydraulic oil entering the propulsion motor is reduced, and the rotation speed of the propulsion motor is reduced.
9. The control method of the idle-run prevention hydraulic system of the top hammer drill according to claim 8, wherein the control method comprises the following steps: an A port and a B port of a three-position four-way reversing valve (12) in the hydraulic system are respectively connected with a P port and a T port of a two-position four-way hydraulic control reversing valve (11), two oil outlets of the two-position four-way hydraulic control reversing valve (11) are respectively connected with an oil inlet and an oil outlet of a propulsion motor, and a hydraulic control port of the two-position four-way hydraulic control reversing valve (11) is connected with an oil outlet of a sequence valve (10); an oil inlet of the sequence valve (10) is connected with rotary pressure oil of the propulsion motor, and an oil return port of the sequence valve (10) is connected with an oil tank;
when the blocking working condition is met, the rotary pressure of the propulsion motor is increased, the sequence valve (10) is opened, rotary pressure oil enters a hydraulic control port of the two-position four-way hydraulic control reversing valve (11) through the sequence valve (10), the two-position four-way hydraulic control reversing valve (11) reverses, and the propulsion motor is switched from a propulsion state to a lifting state.
10. The control method of an air-defense hydraulic system of a jack-hammer drill according to claim 9, wherein: the overflow set pressure of the overflow valve I (4) is 14MPa, the overflow set pressure of the overflow valve II (5) is 10MPa, and the opening pressure of the sequence valve (10) is 10MPa.
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| CN112832736B (en) * | 2019-11-23 | 2023-07-14 | 山东科技大学 | Automatic anti-sticking bores hydraulic coal mine drilling machine |
| CN112780627B (en) * | 2021-03-03 | 2022-12-20 | 徐州威世泽机电设备有限公司 | Multi-way valve and hydraulic system |
| CN116624459B (en) * | 2023-07-19 | 2023-10-20 | 山河智能装备股份有限公司 | Self-adaptive pressurizing hydraulic system and construction equipment |
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