CN108194158B - Cam assembly, processing technology and valve mechanism using cam assembly - Google Patents
Cam assembly, processing technology and valve mechanism using cam assembly Download PDFInfo
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- CN108194158B CN108194158B CN201711373330.5A CN201711373330A CN108194158B CN 108194158 B CN108194158 B CN 108194158B CN 201711373330 A CN201711373330 A CN 201711373330A CN 108194158 B CN108194158 B CN 108194158B
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- 238000012545 processing Methods 0.000 title claims abstract description 8
- 238000005516 engineering process Methods 0.000 title claims abstract description 5
- 229920003023 plastic Polymers 0.000 claims abstract description 78
- 239000004033 plastic Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 78
- 229920000122 acrylonitrile butadiene styrene Polymers 0.000 claims abstract description 26
- 229920000049 Carbon (fiber) Polymers 0.000 claims abstract description 17
- 239000004917 carbon fiber Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 17
- 239000003365 glass fiber Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 17
- VNWKTOKETHGBQD-UHFFFAOYSA-N methane Chemical compound C VNWKTOKETHGBQD-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims abstract description 17
- VKYKSIONXSXAKP-UHFFFAOYSA-N hexamethylenetetramine Chemical compound C1N(C2)CN3CN1CN2C3 VKYKSIONXSXAKP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims abstract description 11
- KPUWHANPEXNPJT-UHFFFAOYSA-N disiloxane Chemical class [SiH3]O[SiH3] KPUWHANPEXNPJT-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims abstract description 10
- 239000004014 plasticizer Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 9
- ISWSIDIOOBJBQZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N Phenol Chemical compound OC1=CC=CC=C1 ISWSIDIOOBJBQZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims abstract description 7
- 239000003963 antioxidant agent Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 7
- 230000003078 antioxidant effect Effects 0.000 claims abstract description 7
- 239000000945 filler Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 7
- 239000012760 heat stabilizer Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 7
- 239000003999 initiator Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 7
- 239000002994 raw material Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 7
- 239000007769 metal material Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 5
- 239000000843 powder Substances 0.000 claims description 28
- 238000002156 mixing Methods 0.000 claims description 25
- 239000000203 mixture Substances 0.000 claims description 22
- VTYYLEPIZMXCLO-UHFFFAOYSA-L Calcium carbonate Chemical compound [Ca+2].[O-]C([O-])=O VTYYLEPIZMXCLO-UHFFFAOYSA-L 0.000 claims description 20
- DOIRQSBPFJWKBE-UHFFFAOYSA-N dibutyl phthalate Chemical compound CCCCOC(=O)C1=CC=CC=C1C(=O)OCCCC DOIRQSBPFJWKBE-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 20
- 229910052751 metal Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 17
- 239000002184 metal Substances 0.000 claims description 17
- 238000001746 injection moulding Methods 0.000 claims description 16
- 238000010438 heat treatment Methods 0.000 claims description 12
- 239000000463 material Substances 0.000 claims description 11
- -1 polytetrafluoroethylene Polymers 0.000 claims description 11
- MQIUGAXCHLFZKX-UHFFFAOYSA-N Di-n-octyl phthalate Natural products CCCCCCCCOC(=O)C1=CC=CC=C1C(=O)OCCCCCCCC MQIUGAXCHLFZKX-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 10
- BJQHLKABXJIVAM-UHFFFAOYSA-N bis(2-ethylhexyl) phthalate Chemical compound CCCCC(CC)COC(=O)C1=CC=CC=C1C(=O)OCC(CC)CCCC BJQHLKABXJIVAM-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 10
- 229910000019 calcium carbonate Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 10
- 229920001343 polytetrafluoroethylene Polymers 0.000 claims description 10
- 239000004810 polytetrafluoroethylene Substances 0.000 claims description 10
- URJITOLRUFWZLN-DCVDYEDCSA-H (Z)-but-2-enedioate octyltin(3+) Chemical compound [O-]C(=O)\C=C/C([O-])=O.[O-]C(=O)\C=C/C([O-])=O.[O-]C(=O)\C=C/C([O-])=O.CCCCCCCC[Sn+3].CCCCCCCC[Sn+3] URJITOLRUFWZLN-DCVDYEDCSA-H 0.000 claims description 9
- OZAIFHULBGXAKX-UHFFFAOYSA-N 2-(2-cyanopropan-2-yldiazenyl)-2-methylpropanenitrile Chemical group N#CC(C)(C)N=NC(C)(C)C#N OZAIFHULBGXAKX-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 9
- NLZUEZXRPGMBCV-UHFFFAOYSA-N Butylhydroxytoluene Chemical group CC1=CC(C(C)(C)C)=C(O)C(C(C)(C)C)=C1 NLZUEZXRPGMBCV-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 9
- MGFRKBRDZIMZGO-UHFFFAOYSA-N barium cadmium Chemical compound [Cd].[Ba] MGFRKBRDZIMZGO-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 9
- 235000010354 butylated hydroxytoluene Nutrition 0.000 claims description 9
- 238000002485 combustion reaction Methods 0.000 claims description 9
- 239000003381 stabilizer Substances 0.000 claims description 9
- 239000002245 particle Substances 0.000 claims description 8
- WNLRTRBMVRJNCN-UHFFFAOYSA-L adipate(2-) Chemical compound [O-]C(=O)CCCCC([O-])=O WNLRTRBMVRJNCN-UHFFFAOYSA-L 0.000 claims description 7
- 238000000227 grinding Methods 0.000 claims description 7
- 229920001451 polypropylene glycol Polymers 0.000 claims description 7
- 238000007873 sieving Methods 0.000 claims description 7
- 238000004513 sizing Methods 0.000 claims description 6
- 238000003756 stirring Methods 0.000 claims description 6
- 238000001035 drying Methods 0.000 claims description 4
- MEBJLVMIIRFIJS-UHFFFAOYSA-N hexanedioic acid;propane-1,2-diol Chemical compound CC(O)CO.OC(=O)CCCCC(O)=O MEBJLVMIIRFIJS-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 3
- 239000011148 porous material Substances 0.000 claims description 3
- 235000021355 Stearic acid Nutrition 0.000 claims description 2
- QIQXTHQIDYTFRH-UHFFFAOYSA-N octadecanoic acid Chemical compound CCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCC(O)=O QIQXTHQIDYTFRH-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 2
- OQCDKBAXFALNLD-UHFFFAOYSA-N octadecanoic acid Natural products CCCCCCCC(C)CCCCCCCCC(O)=O OQCDKBAXFALNLD-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 2
- 239000008117 stearic acid Substances 0.000 claims description 2
- 239000000446 fuel Substances 0.000 abstract description 4
- 239000000126 substance Substances 0.000 abstract description 4
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 description 7
- 239000007789 gas Substances 0.000 description 5
- 238000012360 testing method Methods 0.000 description 5
- 238000013461 design Methods 0.000 description 4
- 230000000694 effects Effects 0.000 description 3
- 230000003014 reinforcing effect Effects 0.000 description 3
- 230000001133 acceleration Effects 0.000 description 2
- 238000010586 diagram Methods 0.000 description 2
- 238000003754 machining Methods 0.000 description 2
- 239000002991 molded plastic Substances 0.000 description 2
- 239000000243 solution Substances 0.000 description 2
- 239000002912 waste gas Substances 0.000 description 2
- RNFJDJUURJAICM-UHFFFAOYSA-N 2,2,4,4,6,6-hexaphenoxy-1,3,5-triaza-2$l^{5},4$l^{5},6$l^{5}-triphosphacyclohexa-1,3,5-triene Chemical compound N=1P(OC=2C=CC=CC=2)(OC=2C=CC=CC=2)=NP(OC=2C=CC=CC=2)(OC=2C=CC=CC=2)=NP=1(OC=1C=CC=CC=1)OC1=CC=CC=C1 RNFJDJUURJAICM-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 238000005299 abrasion Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000000712 assembly Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000000429 assembly Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000009286 beneficial effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000005540 biological transmission Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000003795 chemical substances by application Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000006835 compression Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000007906 compression Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000007547 defect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000007599 discharging Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000003063 flame retardant Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000002737 fuel gas Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000007062 hydrolysis Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000006460 hydrolysis reaction Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000000465 moulding Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000011056 performance test Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000002035 prolonged effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000006467 substitution reaction Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000009423 ventilation Methods 0.000 description 1
- XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N water Substances O XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
Classifications
-
- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F01—MACHINES OR ENGINES IN GENERAL; ENGINE PLANTS IN GENERAL; STEAM ENGINES
- F01L—CYCLICALLY OPERATING VALVES FOR MACHINES OR ENGINES
- F01L1/00—Valve-gear or valve arrangements, e.g. lift-valve gear
- F01L1/02—Valve drive
- F01L1/04—Valve drive by means of cams, camshafts, cam discs, eccentrics or the like
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C08—ORGANIC MACROMOLECULAR COMPOUNDS; THEIR PREPARATION OR CHEMICAL WORKING-UP; COMPOSITIONS BASED THEREON
- C08L—COMPOSITIONS OF MACROMOLECULAR COMPOUNDS
- C08L55/00—Compositions of homopolymers or copolymers, obtained by polymerisation reactions only involving carbon-to-carbon unsaturated bonds, not provided for in groups C08L23/00 - C08L53/00
- C08L55/02—ABS [Acrylonitrile-Butadiene-Styrene] polymers
-
- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F01—MACHINES OR ENGINES IN GENERAL; ENGINE PLANTS IN GENERAL; STEAM ENGINES
- F01L—CYCLICALLY OPERATING VALVES FOR MACHINES OR ENGINES
- F01L1/00—Valve-gear or valve arrangements, e.g. lift-valve gear
- F01L1/02—Valve drive
- F01L1/04—Valve drive by means of cams, camshafts, cam discs, eccentrics or the like
- F01L1/08—Shape of cams
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C08—ORGANIC MACROMOLECULAR COMPOUNDS; THEIR PREPARATION OR CHEMICAL WORKING-UP; COMPOSITIONS BASED THEREON
- C08K—Use of inorganic or non-macromolecular organic substances as compounding ingredients
- C08K3/00—Use of inorganic substances as compounding ingredients
- C08K3/18—Oxygen-containing compounds, e.g. metal carbonyls
- C08K3/24—Acids; Salts thereof
- C08K3/26—Carbonates; Bicarbonates
- C08K2003/265—Calcium, strontium or barium carbonate
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C08—ORGANIC MACROMOLECULAR COMPOUNDS; THEIR PREPARATION OR CHEMICAL WORKING-UP; COMPOSITIONS BASED THEREON
- C08K—Use of inorganic or non-macromolecular organic substances as compounding ingredients
- C08K2201/00—Specific properties of additives
- C08K2201/014—Additives containing two or more different additives of the same subgroup in C08K
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C08—ORGANIC MACROMOLECULAR COMPOUNDS; THEIR PREPARATION OR CHEMICAL WORKING-UP; COMPOSITIONS BASED THEREON
- C08L—COMPOSITIONS OF MACROMOLECULAR COMPOUNDS
- C08L2205/00—Polymer mixtures characterised by other features
- C08L2205/03—Polymer mixtures characterised by other features containing three or more polymers in a blend
- C08L2205/035—Polymer mixtures characterised by other features containing three or more polymers in a blend containing four or more polymers in a blend
-
- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F01—MACHINES OR ENGINES IN GENERAL; ENGINE PLANTS IN GENERAL; STEAM ENGINES
- F01L—CYCLICALLY OPERATING VALVES FOR MACHINES OR ENGINES
- F01L2301/00—Using particular materials
-
- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F01—MACHINES OR ENGINES IN GENERAL; ENGINE PLANTS IN GENERAL; STEAM ENGINES
- F01L—CYCLICALLY OPERATING VALVES FOR MACHINES OR ENGINES
- F01L2303/00—Manufacturing of components used in valve arrangements
Landscapes
- Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
- General Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
- Health & Medical Sciences (AREA)
- Chemical Kinetics & Catalysis (AREA)
- Medicinal Chemistry (AREA)
- Polymers & Plastics (AREA)
- Organic Chemistry (AREA)
- Valve-Gear Or Valve Arrangements (AREA)
Abstract
The invention discloses a cam assembly, a processing technology and a valve mechanism applying the cam assembly, and aims to provide a novel plastic cam assembly applied to the valve mechanism of an engine, wherein the novel plastic cam assembly enables the engine to burn more fully, reduces the emission of harmful substances of the engine, reduces the fuel consumption rate, reduces the noise of the engine, reduces the running temperature of the engine and prolongs the service life of the engine, and the technical scheme is that the cam assembly comprises a mandrel and a plastic cam shaft coated on the mandrel, the mandrel is made of metal materials, and the plastic cam shaft is made of the following raw materials in parts by weight: 40 parts of PC plastic, 60 parts of ABS plastic, 5-10 parts of carbon fiber, 5-10 parts of glass fiber, 10-15 parts of plasticizer, 4-5 parts of heat stabilizer, 8-10 parts of filler, 1-2 parts of initiator, 5-10 parts of hindered phenol antioxidant, 2-3 parts of urotropine and 2-3 parts of siloxane.
Description
Technical Field
The invention relates to the technical field of engine accessories, in particular to a cam assembly, a processing technology and a valve mechanism applying the cam assembly.
Background
The valve mechanism of the engine is a device for opening and closing the intake and exhaust valves of each cylinder on time according to the requirements of the working cycle and the ignition sequence of each cylinder of the engine, sucking fresh fuel gas mixture into the cylinder and discharging combusted waste gas from the cylinder, wherein the existing general cam components in the valve mechanism are all made of metal, the metal cam shaft has the problems of heavy weight, high cost, large noise and the like, in the valve mechanism, the design of cam molded lines directly affects the power performance of the engine and the abrasion condition of parts, and the metal cam shaft is affected by the processing precision, has poor consistency, high running temperature, is easy to wear and is easy to expand and contract, and the design value of the metal cam at the thermal state molded lines is difficult to ensure.
Disclosure of Invention
Aiming at the defects existing in the prior art, the invention aims to provide a novel plastic cam assembly applied to an engine valve mechanism, and the novel plastic cam assembly can reduce the emission of harmful substances of an engine, reduce the fuel consumption rate and the engine operating temperature, prolong the service life of the engine, and effectively reduce the noise of the engine due to the use of a plastic cam and a timing gear.
In order to achieve the above purpose, the present invention provides the following technical solutions: the cam assembly comprises a mandrel and a plastic cam shaft coated on the mandrel, wherein the mandrel is made of metal materials, and the plastic cam shaft is made of the following raw materials in parts by weight:
40 parts of PC plastic, 60 parts of ABS plastic, 5-10 parts of carbon fiber, 5-10 parts of glass fiber, 10-15 parts of plasticizer, 4-5 parts of heat stabilizer, 8-10 parts of filler, 1-2 parts of initiator, 5-10 parts of hindered phenol antioxidant, 2-3 parts of urotropine and 2-3 parts of siloxane.
The invention is further provided with: the plasticizer is composed of dioctyl phthalate, dibutyl phthalate and poly (propylene glycol adipate) according to the weight part ratio of 2:2:1;
the heat stabilizer consists of a barium-cadmium stabilizer and octyl tin maleate according to the weight ratio of 1:1;
the filler consists of calcium carbonate and polytetrafluoroethylene powder in a weight part ratio of 3:1;
the initiator is azodiisobutyronitrile;
the hindered phenol antioxidant is 2, 6-di-tert-butyl-4-methylphenol.
The invention is further provided with: the plastic cam shaft is prepared from the following raw materials in parts by weight:
40 parts of PC plastic, 60 parts of ABS plastic, 8 parts of carbon fiber, 8 parts of glass fiber, 4 parts of dioctyl phthalate, 4 parts of dibutyl phthalate, 2 parts of polypropylene glycol adipate, 2 parts of barium-cadmium stabilizer, 2 parts of octyl tin maleate, 6 parts of calcium carbonate and polytetrafluoroethylene powder, 3 parts of stearic acid, 1 part of azodiisobutyronitrile, 6 parts of 2, 6-di-tert-butyl-4-methylphenol, 3 parts of urotropine and 3 parts of siloxane.
A process for machining the cam assembly comprising the steps of:
1. grinding: respectively adding PC plastic, ABS plastic, carbon fiber and glass fiber into a ball mill, grinding into powder, sieving the PC plastic and the ABS plastic with a 50-mesh sieve, sieving the carbon fiber and the glass fiber with an 80-mesh sieve, and drying the powder;
2. mixing and granulating: mixing PC plastic powder, carbon fiber powder, barium-cadmium stabilizer and calcium carbonate, heating and stirring for 5 minutes at a heating temperature of 60 ℃ to prepare a PC mixture; mixing, heating and stirring ABS plastic powder, glass fiber powder, octyl tin maleate and polytetrafluoroethylene powder for 6 minutes at a heating temperature of 50 ℃ to prepare an ABS mixture; respectively mixing the PC mixture and the ABS mixture for 20 minutes; mixing the PC mixture and the ABS mixture, mixing for 30 minutes, adding dioctyl phthalate, dibutyl phthalate, poly (propylene glycol adipate), urotropine and siloxane, mixing for 6 minutes, and finally adding azodiisobutyronitrile and 2, 6-di-tert-butyl-4-methylphenol, mixing for 10 minutes to prepare sizing material; granulating the sizing material by an extruder to obtain plastic particles for standby;
3. injection molding: the plastic particle is added into the injection molding machine, the cavity of the injection molding mold comprises a gear cavity and two cam cavities, the gear cavity and the two cam cavities are integrally communicated, the metal mandrel is placed in the center of the cavity, the plastic camshaft structure coated on the outer wall of the metal mandrel is formed by injection molding, and the plastic camshaft structure comprises an integrally formed plastic gear, an exhaust cam and an air inlet cam.
A valve mechanism using the cam assembly comprises a crankcase body and a cylinder, wherein a plastic cam assembly and a crankshaft are arranged in the crankcase body, the plastic cam assembly comprises a plastic gear, an exhaust cam and an intake cam, a timing gear is arranged on the crankshaft, the plastic gear is meshed with the timing gear, lifters are arranged on the exhaust cam and the intake cam, a push rod, a rocker arm and a valve are further arranged in the cylinder, the lifters, the push rod, the rocker arm and the valve are sequentially connected, a combustion chamber is further arranged in the cylinder, and the head of the valve is arranged in the combustion chamber.
The invention is further provided with: the cylinder is internally provided with a through hole for the air valve to pass through, a first mechanical seal is arranged between the through hole and the air valve, a step groove and an air valve spring are arranged on the outer wall of the through hole, a clamping groove is arranged on one end of the air valve, which is close to the rocker arm, a spring disc is clamped on the clamping groove, one end of the air valve spring is abutted against the step groove, the other end of the air valve spring is abutted against the spring disc, and a second mechanical seal is arranged on the connecting end of the through hole and the combustion chamber.
The invention is further provided with: the cylinder is internally provided with a locating plate, the locating plate is fixed with the cylinder through a screw, and the locating plate is provided with a locating hole for the push rod to pass through.
The invention is further provided with: the timing gear is made of plastic, and comprises a gear body and a reinforcing rib plate arranged on one side of the gear body, a semicircular key used for being clamped with a crankshaft is arranged on one side, far away from the gear body, of the reinforcing rib plate, the gear body, the reinforcing rib plate and the semicircular key are integrally formed, and a plurality of spline teeth are further arranged on the wall of the shaft hole of the gear body.
By adopting the technical scheme, the method has the following beneficial effects: the cost of the plastic cam component manufactured by adopting the plastic material can be reduced by 50% relative to that of the metal material; the plastic particles can be manufactured in advance for standby, the plastic cam component is taken at any time when manufactured, and the plastic cam component is formed by injection molding, so that the process is simplified, and the precision is easier to control; the novel plastic cam material completely ensures the design value of the molded line of the cam in a thermal state, can effectively control the air inlet and outlet time and the air inlet and outlet amount of the engine, reduces the emission of harmful substances of the engine, reduces the fuel consumption rate, reduces the temperature of the engine due to ideal air outlet of the engine, and prolongs the service life by 30-35%.
Drawings
FIG. 1 is a schematic diagram of an embodiment of a valve train employing a cam assembly according to the present invention.
Fig. 2 is a schematic view of a cam assembly according to the present invention.
Fig. 3 is a schematic diagram of a timing gear in a valve train employing the cam assembly according to the present invention.
FIG. 4 is a graph of cam profile shape in a valve train of the present invention.
FIG. 5 is a graph of lift, speed, and acceleration of a cam profile in a valve train of the present invention.
FIG. 6 is an error plot of a cam profile in a valve train of the present invention.
Fig. 7 is a shape curve of a conventional metal cam profile.
Fig. 8 is a graph of lift, speed, and acceleration of a conventional metal cam profile.
Fig. 9 is an error curve of a conventional metal cam profile.
Detailed Description
The cam assembly comprises a mandrel and a plastic cam shaft coated on the mandrel, wherein the mandrel is made of metal materials, and the plastic cam shaft is made of the following raw materials in parts by weight:
40 parts of PC plastic, 60 parts of ABS plastic, 5-10 parts of carbon fiber, 5-10 parts of glass fiber, 10-15 parts of plasticizer, 4-5 parts of heat stabilizer, 8-10 parts of filler, 1-2 parts of initiator, 5-10 parts of hindered phenol antioxidant, 2-3 parts of urotropine and 2-3 parts of siloxane.
The plasticizer consists of dioctyl phthalate, dibutyl phthalate and polypropylene glycol adipate in a weight part ratio of 2:2:1;
the heat stabilizer consists of a barium-cadmium stabilizer and octyl tin maleate according to the weight ratio of 1:1;
the filler consists of calcium carbonate and polytetrafluoroethylene powder in a weight part ratio of 3:1;
the initiator is azodiisobutyronitrile;
the hindered phenol antioxidant is 2, 6-di-tert-butyl-4-methylphenol.
Embodiment 1,
A process for machining the cam assembly comprising the steps of:
1. and (3) batching: 40 parts of PC plastic, 60 parts of ABS plastic, 8 parts of carbon fiber, 8 parts of glass fiber, 4 parts of dioctyl phthalate, 4 parts of dibutyl phthalate, 2 parts of polypropylene glycol adipate, 2 parts of barium-cadmium stabilizer, 2 parts of octyl tin maleate, 6 parts of calcium carbonate and polytetrafluoroethylene powder, 1 part of azodiisobutyronitrile, 6 parts of 2, 6-di-tert-butyl-4-methylphenol, 3 parts of urotropine and 3 parts of siloxane;
2. grinding: respectively adding PC plastic, ABS plastic, carbon fiber and glass fiber into a ball mill, grinding into powder, sieving the PC plastic and the ABS plastic with a 50-mesh sieve, sieving the carbon fiber and the glass fiber with an 80-mesh sieve, and drying the powder;
the raw materials are finer and more uniform after being mixed and kneaded through grinding and sieving, the water content is reduced through drying, and the hydrolysis phenomenon of PC plastic is avoided.
3. Mixing and granulating: mixing PC plastic powder, carbon fiber powder, barium-cadmium stabilizer and calcium carbonate, heating and stirring for 5 minutes at a heating temperature of 60 ℃ to prepare a PC mixture; mixing, heating and stirring ABS plastic powder, glass fiber powder, octyl tin maleate and polytetrafluoroethylene powder for 6 minutes at a heating temperature of 50 ℃ to prepare an ABS mixture; respectively putting the PC mixture and the ABS mixture into a mixing mill to be mixed for 20 minutes at the rotating speed of 450r/min, wherein the mixing temperature is 120 ℃; mixing the PC mixture and the ABS mixture, adding the mixture into a double-screw extruder, mixing for 30 minutes, adding dioctyl phthalate, dibutyl phthalate, polypropylene glycol adipate, urotropine and siloxane, mixing for 6 minutes, finally adding azodiisobutyronitrile and 2, 6-di-tert-butyl-4-methylphenol, mixing for 10 minutes, and preparing the sizing material, wherein the temperature of each region is controlled between 240 ℃ and 250 ℃, and the screw rotating speed is controlled between 450r/min and 480r/min; granulating the sizing material by an extruder to obtain plastic particles for standby;
the carbon fiber and the glass fiber can improve the comprehensive strength of the product; the calcium carbonate is used for improving the processability and the surface gloss and the surface smoothness of the product; the polytetrafluoroethylene powder has antifriction and flame-retardant effects; the plasticizer is composed of dioctyl phthalate, dibutyl phthalate and polypropylene glycol adipate in a weight part ratio of 2:2:1, so that the flexibility of the plasticizer is enhanced, and the molding effect is better; urotropine is mainly used as a curing agent; siloxanes are used to improve flame retardancy.
And finally, the PC mixture and the ABS mixture are mixed together to mix and extrude plastic particles, so that the plastic cam assembly is easy to perform injection molding of an injection molding machine, and the performance of the plastic cam assembly is more stable after injection molding.
4. Injection molding: the plastic particle is added into the injection molding machine, the cavity of the injection molding mold comprises a gear cavity and two cam cavities, the gear cavity and the two cam cavities are integrally communicated, the metal mandrel is placed in the center of the cavity, the plastic camshaft structure coated on the outer wall of the metal mandrel is formed by injection molding, and the plastic camshaft structure comprises an integrally formed plastic gear, an exhaust cam and an air inlet cam.
As shown in fig. 1 to 3: the valve actuating mechanism using the cam assembly comprises a crankcase body 1 and a cylinder 2, wherein a plastic cam assembly 3 and a crankshaft 4 are arranged in the crankcase body 1, the plastic cam assembly 3 comprises a plastic gear 5, an exhaust cam 6 and an intake cam 7, a timing gear 8 is arranged on the crankshaft 4, the plastic gear 5 is meshed with the timing gear 8, lifters 9 are arranged on the exhaust cam 6 and the intake cam 7, a push rod 10, a rocker arm 11 and a valve 12 are also arranged in the cylinder 2, the lifters 9, the push rod 10, the rocker arm 11 and the valve 12 are sequentially connected, the lifters 9, the push rod 10, the rocker arm 11 and the valve 12 are all two, therefore, the valve 12 comprises an exhaust valve and an intake valve which are respectively driven by the exhaust cam 6 and the intake cam 7, a combustion chamber 13 is also arranged in the cylinder 2, the combustion chamber 13 is arranged in to the head of valve 12, be equipped with the through-hole that supplies valve 12 to pass in the cylinder 2, be equipped with first mechanical seal 14 between through-hole and the valve 12, be equipped with step groove and valve spring 15 on the outer wall of through-hole, valve 12 is close to the one end of rocking arm 11 and is equipped with the draw-in groove, the joint has spring holder 16 on the draw-in groove, valve spring 15 one end is contradicted with the step groove, valve spring 15's the other end is contradicted with spring holder 16, be equipped with second mechanical seal 17 on the link of through-hole and combustion chamber 13, first mechanical seal 14 can increase the transmission stability of valve 12 in cylinder 2, also can increase the leakproofness between valve 12 and the through-hole, the leakproofness when valve 12 is closed can be increased to second mechanical seal 17.
The valve mechanism of the overhead valve 12 is used for timely driving the tappet 9 through a cam, the tappet 9 is used for driving the push rod 10, the push rod 10 pushes the rocker arm 11, the rocker arm 11 and the valve spring 15 control the opening and closing of an intake valve and an exhaust valve, and in the intake stroke, the intake valve is opened, the exhaust valve is closed, the piston moves downwards, and combustible mixed gas is sucked into the cylinder 2: in the compression stroke, the intake valve is closed, the exhaust valve is closed, the engine relies on flywheel inertia, and the piston moves upwards to compress the combustible mixed gas; the working stroke is performed, the intake valve is closed, the exhaust valve is closed, the combustible mixed gas is ignited, and the piston is driven to do work in a descending way; and in the exhaust stroke, the inlet valve is closed, the exhaust valve is opened, and the engine drives the piston to move upwards by means of flywheel inertia to discharge exhaust gas.
The positioning plate 18 is arranged in the air cylinder 2, the positioning plate 18 is fixed with the air cylinder 2 through screws, the positioning plate 18 is provided with a positioning hole for the push rod 10 to pass through, and the positioning plate 18 can increase the stability of the push rod 10 in the moving process.
The material of timing gear 8 is plastics, can be traditional plastics, also can adopt above-mentioned novel plastics that are used for processing cam module, timing gear 8 includes gear body 20, arrange deep floor 21 in gear body 20 one side in, deep floor 21 is connected with the teeth of a cogwheel on the gear body 20, improve intensity, reduce the hidden danger of collapsing the tooth, be equipped with on the deep floor 21 one side of keeping away from gear body 20 be used for with bent axle 4 joint half key 22, half key 22 can with the draw-in groove joint on the bent axle 4, improve the circumferential stress intensity of timing gear 8 and bent axle 4, and be equipped with the spacing portion 24 that is connected with half key 22 on the axle pore wall of gear body 20, spacing portion 24 can further improve circumferential stress intensity with bent axle 4 joint, all be equipped with along the arc wall 25 that timing gear 8 axial set up on half key 22 and the spacing portion, the deflection when the gear 8 is moulded plastics can be reduced to the arc wall 25, gear body 20, deep floor 21 and half key 22 an organic whole are moulded, processing is simple, and intensity is high, still be equipped with the tooth 23 on the axle pore wall of gear body 20 and the spline 23, the spline 23 is arranged around the spline, the spline 23 is formed to the spline when the spline is moulded plastics, the spline is arranged to the spline diameter of the spline is reduced, the spline is moulded to the spline diameter when the spline is formed to the spline is moulded to the spline diameter of the spline 8 when the spline is arranged between the spline 8.
By testing the performance of the valve train of example one in relation to a conventional metal component cam engine, the following tables one through six were prepared:
traditional metal component cam engine performance, table one:
traditional metal component cam engine emission test, table two:
engine emissions test results for conventional metal cam assemblies, table three:
engine performance test results of the novel plastic cam assembly engine, table four:
novel plastic cam assembly engine emission test, table five:
novel plastic cam assembly engine emission test results, table six:
the valve mechanism is used for opening or closing the inlet valve and the exhaust valve at regular time according to the working sequence and the working process of the engine, so that combustible mixed gas or air enters the cylinder and waste gas is discharged from the cylinder, the ventilation process is realized, the accuracy of the cam molded line directly influences the valve distribution effect, in order to improve the air inflow and the exhaust capacity of the engine and enable the exhaust to be thorough, the molded line of the cam is required to be ideal in a thermal state, the design value of the molded line of the cam in the thermal state is completely ensured by the novel plastic cam material from fig. 6 to 9, the air inflow and exhaust time and the air inflow and exhaust capacity of the engine are effectively controlled, the emission of harmful substances of the engine can be reduced through the tables one to six, the fuel consumption rate is reduced, the temperature of the engine is reduced due to ideal exhaust of the engine, and the service life is prolonged by 30-35%.
The above description is only a preferred embodiment of the present invention, and is not intended to limit the invention, but one skilled in the art can make common changes and substitutions within the scope of the technical solution of the present invention.
Claims (6)
1. A cam assembly, characterized by: the plastic cam shaft comprises a mandrel and a plastic cam shaft coated on the mandrel, wherein the mandrel is made of metal materials, and the plastic cam shaft is made of the following raw materials in parts by weight:
40 parts of PC plastic, 60 parts of ABS plastic, 5-10 parts of carbon fiber, 5-10 parts of glass fiber, 10-15 parts of plasticizer, 4-5 parts of heat stabilizer, 8-10 parts of filler, 3-5 parts of stearic acid, 1-2 parts of initiator, 5-10 parts of hindered phenol antioxidant, 2-3 parts of urotropine and 2-3 parts of siloxane;
the plasticizer is composed of dioctyl phthalate, dibutyl phthalate and polypropylene glycol adipate in a weight part ratio of 2:2:1;
the heat stabilizer consists of a barium-cadmium stabilizer and octyl tin maleate according to the weight ratio of 1:1;
the filler consists of calcium carbonate and polytetrafluoroethylene powder in a weight part ratio of 3:1;
the initiator is azodiisobutyronitrile;
the hindered phenol antioxidant is 2, 6-di-tert-butyl-4-methylphenol;
the processing technology of the cam assembly comprises the following steps of:
1. grinding: respectively adding PC plastic, ABS plastic, carbon fiber and glass fiber into a ball mill, grinding into powder, sieving the PC plastic and the ABS plastic with a 50-mesh sieve, sieving the carbon fiber and the glass fiber with an 80-mesh sieve, and drying the powder;
2. mixing and granulating: mixing PC plastic powder, carbon fiber powder, barium-cadmium stabilizer and calcium carbonate, heating and stirring for 5 minutes at a heating temperature of 60 ℃ to prepare a PC mixture; mixing, heating and stirring ABS plastic powder, glass fiber powder, octyl tin maleate and polytetrafluoroethylene powder for 6 minutes at a heating temperature of 50 ℃ to prepare an ABS mixture; respectively mixing the PC mixture and the ABS mixture for 20 minutes; mixing the PC mixture and the ABS mixture, mixing for 30 minutes, adding dioctyl phthalate, dibutyl phthalate, poly (propylene glycol adipate), urotropine and siloxane, mixing for 6 minutes, and finally adding azodiisobutyronitrile and 2, 6-di-tert-butyl-4-methylphenol, mixing for 10 minutes to prepare sizing material; granulating the sizing material by an extruder to obtain plastic particles for standby;
3. injection molding: the plastic particle is added into the injection molding machine, the cavity of the injection molding mold comprises a gear cavity and two cam cavities, the gear cavity and the two cam cavities are integrally communicated, the metal mandrel is placed in the center of the cavity, the plastic camshaft structure coated on the outer wall of the metal mandrel is formed by injection molding, and the plastic camshaft structure comprises an integrally formed plastic gear, an exhaust cam and an air inlet cam.
2. The cam assembly of claim 1, wherein: the plastic cam shaft is prepared from the following raw materials in parts by weight:
40 parts of PC plastic, 60 parts of ABS plastic, 8 parts of carbon fiber, 8 parts of glass fiber, 4 parts of dioctyl phthalate, 4 parts of dibutyl phthalate, 2 parts of polypropylene glycol adipate, 2 parts of barium-cadmium stabilizer, 2 parts of octyl tin maleate, 6 parts of calcium carbonate and polytetrafluoroethylene powder, 1 part of azodiisobutyronitrile, 6 parts of 2, 6-di-tert-butyl-4-methylphenol, 3 parts of urotropine and 3 parts of siloxane.
3. A valve train employing the cam assembly of claim 2, characterized by: including crankcase body (1) and cylinder (2), be equipped with plastics cam module (3) and bent axle (4) in the crankcase body (1), plastics cam module (3) are including plastics gear (5), exhaust cam (6) and intake cam (7), be equipped with timing gear (8) on bent axle (4), plastics gear (5) mesh with timing gear (8), all be equipped with tappet (9) on exhaust cam (6) and the intake cam (7), still be equipped with push rod (10) in cylinder (2), rocking arm (11) and valve (12), tappet (9), push rod (10), rocking arm (11) and valve (12) connect gradually, still be equipped with combustion chamber (13) in cylinder (2), the head of valve (12) is arranged in combustion chamber (13).
4. A valve train according to claim 3, wherein: be equipped with the through-hole that supplies valve (12) to pass in cylinder (2), be equipped with first mechanical seal (14) between through-hole and the valve (12), be equipped with step groove and valve spring (15) on the outer wall of through-hole, be equipped with the draw-in groove on the one end that valve (12) is close to rocking arm (11), the joint has spring holder (16) on the draw-in groove, valve spring (15) one end is contradicted with step groove, the other end of valve spring (15) is contradicted with spring holder (16), be equipped with second mechanical seal (17) on the link of through-hole and combustion chamber (13).
5. A valve train according to claim 3, wherein: the cylinder (2) is internally provided with a locating plate (18), the locating plate (18) is fixed with the cylinder (2) through a screw, and the locating plate (18) is provided with a locating hole for the push rod (10) to pass through.
6. A valve train according to claim 3, wherein: the material of timing gear (8) is plastics, and timing gear (8) include gear body (20), arrange deep floor (21) in gear body (20) one side in, be equipped with on the deep floor (21) one side of keeping away from gear body (20) be used for with bent axle joint half key (22), gear body (20), deep floor (21) and half key (22) integrated into one piece still are equipped with a plurality of spline teeth (23) on the axle pore wall of gear body (20).
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| CN109026245A (en) * | 2018-08-03 | 2018-12-18 | 重庆隆鑫发动机有限公司 | Engine |
| CN109026252B (en) * | 2018-08-03 | 2024-04-26 | 重庆隆鑫发动机有限公司 | Engine gas distribution system and engine |
| CN109026244B (en) * | 2018-08-03 | 2024-03-29 | 重庆隆鑫发动机有限公司 | Engine silence gas distribution system and engine |
| CN116877379A (en) * | 2022-11-03 | 2023-10-13 | 山东泰展机电科技股份有限公司 | Air pump drive assembly |
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Address after: 317600 No. 88, Renmin Tang, Baiyan village, electromechanical Industrial Park, Yucheng street, Yuhuan City, Taizhou City, Zhejiang Province (self declaration) Patentee after: Taizhou Jieyu Machinery Manufacturing Co.,Ltd. Country or region after: China Address before: 317699 Dongqing village, Yucheng street, Yuhuan County, Taizhou City, Zhejiang Province Patentee before: YUHUAN JIEYU MACHINERY MANUFACTURING Co.,Ltd. Country or region before: China |