CN108188313A - A kind of secondary cold extrusion technology of large-diameter outer spline - Google Patents
A kind of secondary cold extrusion technology of large-diameter outer spline Download PDFInfo
- Publication number
- CN108188313A CN108188313A CN201711223115.7A CN201711223115A CN108188313A CN 108188313 A CN108188313 A CN 108188313A CN 201711223115 A CN201711223115 A CN 201711223115A CN 108188313 A CN108188313 A CN 108188313A
- Authority
- CN
- China
- Prior art keywords
- workpiece
- diameter outer
- outer spline
- cold extrusion
- green body
- Prior art date
- Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
- Pending
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Classifications
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B21—MECHANICAL METAL-WORKING WITHOUT ESSENTIALLY REMOVING MATERIAL; PUNCHING METAL
- B21H—MAKING PARTICULAR METAL OBJECTS BY ROLLING, e.g. SCREWS, WHEELS, RINGS, BARRELS, BALLS
- B21H1/00—Making articles shaped as bodies of revolution
- B21H1/14—Making articles shaped as bodies of revolution balls, rollers, cone rollers, or like bodies
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C21—METALLURGY OF IRON
- C21D—MODIFYING THE PHYSICAL STRUCTURE OF FERROUS METALS; GENERAL DEVICES FOR HEAT TREATMENT OF FERROUS OR NON-FERROUS METALS OR ALLOYS; MAKING METAL MALLEABLE, e.g. BY DECARBURISATION OR TEMPERING
- C21D1/00—General methods or devices for heat treatment, e.g. annealing, hardening, quenching or tempering
- C21D1/26—Methods of annealing
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C23—COATING METALLIC MATERIAL; COATING MATERIAL WITH METALLIC MATERIAL; CHEMICAL SURFACE TREATMENT; DIFFUSION TREATMENT OF METALLIC MATERIAL; COATING BY VACUUM EVAPORATION, BY SPUTTERING, BY ION IMPLANTATION OR BY CHEMICAL VAPOUR DEPOSITION, IN GENERAL; INHIBITING CORROSION OF METALLIC MATERIAL OR INCRUSTATION IN GENERAL
- C23C—COATING METALLIC MATERIAL; COATING MATERIAL WITH METALLIC MATERIAL; SURFACE TREATMENT OF METALLIC MATERIAL BY DIFFUSION INTO THE SURFACE, BY CHEMICAL CONVERSION OR SUBSTITUTION; COATING BY VACUUM EVAPORATION, BY SPUTTERING, BY ION IMPLANTATION OR BY CHEMICAL VAPOUR DEPOSITION, IN GENERAL
- C23C22/00—Chemical surface treatment of metallic material by reaction of the surface with a reactive liquid, leaving reaction products of surface material in the coating, e.g. conversion coatings, passivation of metals
- C23C22/05—Chemical surface treatment of metallic material by reaction of the surface with a reactive liquid, leaving reaction products of surface material in the coating, e.g. conversion coatings, passivation of metals using aqueous solutions
- C23C22/06—Chemical surface treatment of metallic material by reaction of the surface with a reactive liquid, leaving reaction products of surface material in the coating, e.g. conversion coatings, passivation of metals using aqueous solutions using aqueous acidic solutions with pH less than 6
- C23C22/07—Chemical surface treatment of metallic material by reaction of the surface with a reactive liquid, leaving reaction products of surface material in the coating, e.g. conversion coatings, passivation of metals using aqueous solutions using aqueous acidic solutions with pH less than 6 containing phosphates
- C23C22/08—Orthophosphates
- C23C22/12—Orthophosphates containing zinc cations
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C23—COATING METALLIC MATERIAL; COATING MATERIAL WITH METALLIC MATERIAL; CHEMICAL SURFACE TREATMENT; DIFFUSION TREATMENT OF METALLIC MATERIAL; COATING BY VACUUM EVAPORATION, BY SPUTTERING, BY ION IMPLANTATION OR BY CHEMICAL VAPOUR DEPOSITION, IN GENERAL; INHIBITING CORROSION OF METALLIC MATERIAL OR INCRUSTATION IN GENERAL
- C23C—COATING METALLIC MATERIAL; COATING MATERIAL WITH METALLIC MATERIAL; SURFACE TREATMENT OF METALLIC MATERIAL BY DIFFUSION INTO THE SURFACE, BY CHEMICAL CONVERSION OR SUBSTITUTION; COATING BY VACUUM EVAPORATION, BY SPUTTERING, BY ION IMPLANTATION OR BY CHEMICAL VAPOUR DEPOSITION, IN GENERAL
- C23C8/00—Solid state diffusion of only non-metal elements into metallic material surfaces; Chemical surface treatment of metallic material by reaction of the surface with a reactive gas, leaving reaction products of surface material in the coating, e.g. conversion coatings, passivation of metals
- C23C8/60—Solid state diffusion of only non-metal elements into metallic material surfaces; Chemical surface treatment of metallic material by reaction of the surface with a reactive gas, leaving reaction products of surface material in the coating, e.g. conversion coatings, passivation of metals using solids, e.g. powders, pastes
- C23C8/62—Solid state diffusion of only non-metal elements into metallic material surfaces; Chemical surface treatment of metallic material by reaction of the surface with a reactive gas, leaving reaction products of surface material in the coating, e.g. conversion coatings, passivation of metals using solids, e.g. powders, pastes only one element being applied
- C23C8/64—Carburising
Abstract
The invention discloses a kind of secondary cold extrusion technology of large-diameter outer spline of technical field of mechanical processing, which specifically comprises the following steps：S1：Workpiece makes annealing treatment；S2：Workpiece lubricated；S3：Workpiece extrusion forming；S4：Workpiece carbonization processing, process of the present invention is without cutting, the integrality of metallic fiber is maintained to greatest extent, is had the characteristics that spline intensity is high, high in machining efficiency and compact-sized, is avoided a large amount of metal debris generated in machining, raw material metal is greatly saved, it is easy to operate, convenient for grasping, improve production efficiency, the intensity of cold extrusion workpiece is big simultaneously, rigidity is high, can improve the mechanical performance and mechanical property of workpiece.
Description
Technical field
The present invention relates to technical field of mechanical processing, specially a kind of secondary cold extrusion technology of large-diameter outer spline.
Background technology
Splined shaft is the part of torque between transmission axle and axis in machine driving, have bonding strength it is high, it is compact-sized, fill
Unload the features such as facilitating.Spline processing is typically using cutting process, such as milling, gear hobbing, broaching, and extensive utilization are to military dress
The undercarriage of first vehicle, two ends are larger, designed using external splines, and intermediate gauge diameter is less than both ends splined section, and
Excessively it is connected with splined end with circular arc.Torsion shaft using when one end spline be fixedly connected with the vehicle body, other end connection balance shaft
With bogie wheel, the static weight and fluctuating road conditions undershoot of panzer hit load and all pass to torsion into row buffering, to keep vehicle
The stability of horizontal direction, convenient for the precision fire of fire control system.So torsion shaft working environment is very severe：Torque is big, turns round
Gyration is big and torsional frequency variation greatly etc..The mode of torsion shaft failure is cashed to be broken suddenly, and fracture location mainly occurs
In spline root and the transitional region of bar portion, reason is very clear and definite -- the stress collection that small tool marks generate in spline process
In, extension, which extends, under the action of pulsating stress is become leads to fatigue damage.For this purpose, we have proposed a kind of large-diameter outer splines two
Secondary cold extrusion technology comes into operation, to solve the above problems.
Invention content
The purpose of the present invention is to provide a kind of secondary cold extrusion technology of large-diameter outer spline, to solve above-mentioned background
The problem of being proposed in technology.
To achieve the above object, the present invention provides following technical solution：A kind of secondary cold-extrusion shaping of large-diameter outer spline
Technique, the forming technology specifically comprise the following steps：
S1：By external splines crude green body workpiece heat to 700--800 DEG C, heating time 3--4h, furnace cooling to 450--
It comes out of the stove after 500 DEG C and is air-cooled to room temperature, made annealing treatment, the workpiece hardness after annealing is HRB60--65；
S2：Oil removing and pickling processes are carried out to external splines crude green body workpiece surface, external splines crude green body workpiece is then put into phosphorus
In acid dihydride zinc aqueous solution, workpiece surface formation is made to play the phosphate film layer of lubricating action；
S3：Between external splines crude green body workpiece after lubricated is put into two groups of rollers bundle wheels, pass through the rotation that roller pricks wheel
Turn, tooth form is squeezed out to external splines crude green body workpiece surface；
S4：Secondary extrusion large-diameter outer spline merging after molding is filled in the container of activated carbon media, is again heated to
900--980 DEG C, after keeping the temperature 6--7h, the activated carbon atom that carburizing medium decomposites is made to penetrate into the surface layer of external splines, to enhance it
Case hardness and abrasion resistance.
Preferably, in the step S2, using sodium hydroxide, sodium carbonate, sodium phosphate and waterglass to workpiece surface into
Row oil removal treatment, wherein sodium hydroxide：Sodium carbonate：Sodium phosphate：Waterglass=1：3：1：9.
Preferably, in the step S2, the pickling processes of workpiece are carried out using nitration mixture aqueous solution, and nitration mixture aqueous solution is by nitre
Acid, sulfuric acid and water composition, wherein nitric acid：Sulfuric acid：Water=3：1：5.
Preferably, in the step S2, the thickness of phosphate film layer is 10--15 μm.
Preferably, in the step S3, two groups of rollers prick wheel as synchronous rotary clockwise, and external splines crude green body workpiece is counterclockwise
Rotation, and two groups of rollers bundle wheels are identical with the linear velocity of external splines crude green body workpiece.
Preferably, in the step S3, the wedge angle that two groups of rollers prick wheel is 0.5--1.0 °, and secondary extrusion amount is 0.2--
0.5mm。
Preferably, in the step S4, Carburization Treatment is divided into surging carburizing and carburizing of taking advantage of a situation, and in surging carbon impregnation stage, oozes
Carbon potential in carbon stove is set as 1.05--2%, carburizing time 10--20min, and the carbon potential in carbon impregnation stage of taking advantage of a situation, carburizer is set
For 0.8--0.9%, carburizing time 10--15min.
Compared with prior art, the beneficial effects of the invention are as follows：Process of the present invention is kept to greatest extent without cutting
The integrality of metallic fiber, has the characteristics that spline intensity is high, high in machining efficiency and compact-sized, avoid in cutting plus
A large amount of metal debris that working hour generates, are greatly saved raw material metal, easy to operate, convenient for grasping, improve production efficiency,
The intensity of cold extrusion workpiece is big simultaneously, rigidity is high, can improve the mechanical performance and mechanical property of workpiece.
Description of the drawings
Fig. 1 is extrusion principle figure of the present invention；
Fig. 2 is forming technology flow chart of the present invention.
Specific embodiment
Below in conjunction with the attached drawing in the embodiment of the present invention, the technical solution in the embodiment of the present invention is carried out clear, complete
Site preparation describes, it is clear that described embodiment is only part of the embodiment of the present invention, instead of all the embodiments.It is based on
Embodiment in the present invention, those of ordinary skill in the art are obtained every other without making creative work
Embodiment shall fall within the protection scope of the present invention.
It please refers to Fig.1 with 2, the present invention provides a kind of technical solution：A kind of secondary cold-extrusion shaping work of large-diameter outer spline
Skill, the forming technology specifically comprise the following steps：
S1：By external splines crude green body workpiece heat to 700--800 DEG C, heating time 3--4h, furnace cooling to 450--
It comes out of the stove after 500 DEG C and is air-cooled to room temperature, made annealing treatment, the workpiece hardness after annealing is HRB60--65；
S2：Oil removing and pickling processes are carried out to external splines crude green body workpiece surface, external splines crude green body workpiece is then put into phosphorus
In acid dihydride zinc aqueous solution, workpiece surface formation is made to play the phosphate film layer of lubricating action, using sodium hydroxide, sodium carbonate,
Sodium phosphate and waterglass carry out oil removal treatment, wherein sodium hydroxide to workpiece surface：Sodium carbonate：Sodium phosphate：Waterglass=1：
3：1：9, the pickling processes of workpiece are carried out using nitration mixture aqueous solution, and nitration mixture aqueous solution is made of nitric acid, sulfuric acid and water, wherein nitre
Acid：Sulfuric acid：Water=3：1：5, the thickness of phosphate film layer is 10--15 μm；
S3：Between external splines crude green body workpiece after lubricated is put into two groups of rollers bundle wheels, pass through the rotation that roller pricks wheel
Turn, tooth form is squeezed out to external splines crude green body workpiece surface, two groups of rollers prick wheel as synchronous rotary clockwise, and external splines crude green body workpiece is
Rotation counterclockwise, and two groups of rollers bundle wheels are identical with the linear velocity of external splines crude green body workpiece, the wedge angle that two groups of rollers prick wheel is
0.5--1.0 °, secondary extrusion amount is 0.2--0.5mm；
S4：Secondary extrusion large-diameter outer spline merging after molding is filled in the container of activated carbon media, is again heated to
900--980 DEG C, after keeping the temperature 6--7h, the activated carbon atom that carburizing medium decomposites is made to penetrate into the surface layer of external splines, to enhance it
Case hardness and abrasion resistance, Carburization Treatment is divided into surging carburizing and carburizing of taking advantage of a situation, the carbon potential in surging carbon impregnation stage, carburizer
1.05--2%, carburizing time 10--20min are set as, the carbon potential in carbon impregnation stage of taking advantage of a situation, carburizer is set as 0.8--
0.9%, carburizing time 10--15min.
It although an embodiment of the present invention has been shown and described, for the ordinary skill in the art, can be with
Understanding without departing from the principles and spirit of the present invention can carry out these embodiments a variety of variations, modification, replace
And modification, the scope of the present invention is defined by the appended.
Claims (7)
1. a kind of secondary cold extrusion technology of large-diameter outer spline, it is characterised in that：The forming technology specifically includes following step
Suddenly：
S1：By external splines crude green body workpiece heat to 700--800 DEG C, heating time 3--4h, furnace cooling is to 450--500 DEG C
After come out of the stove and be air-cooled to room temperature, made annealing treatment, the workpiece hardness after annealing is HRB60--65；
S2：Oil removing and pickling processes are carried out to external splines crude green body workpiece surface, external splines crude green body workpiece is then put into di(2-ethylhexyl)phosphate
In hydrogen zinc aqueous solution, workpiece surface formation is made to play the phosphate film layer of lubricating action；
S3：Between external splines crude green body workpiece after lubricated is put into two groups of rollers bundle wheels, the rotation of wheel is pricked by roller, it is right
External splines crude green body workpiece surface squeezes out tooth form；
S4：Secondary extrusion large-diameter outer spline merging after molding is filled in the container of activated carbon media, is again heated to 900--
980 DEG C, after keeping the temperature 6--7h, the activated carbon atom that carburizing medium decomposites is made to penetrate into the surface layer of external splines, it is hard to enhance its surface
Degree and abrasion resistance.
2. a kind of secondary cold extrusion technology of large-diameter outer spline according to claim 1, it is characterised in that：The step
In rapid S2, oil removal treatment, wherein hydroxide are carried out to workpiece surface using sodium hydroxide, sodium carbonate, sodium phosphate and waterglass
Sodium：Sodium carbonate：Sodium phosphate：Waterglass=1：3：1：9.
3. a kind of secondary cold extrusion technology of large-diameter outer spline according to claim 1, it is characterised in that：The step
In rapid S2, the pickling processes of workpiece are carried out using nitration mixture aqueous solution, and nitration mixture aqueous solution is made of nitric acid, sulfuric acid and water, wherein nitre
Acid：Sulfuric acid：Water=3：1：5.
4. a kind of secondary cold extrusion technology of large-diameter outer spline according to claim 1, it is characterised in that：The step
In rapid S2, the thickness of phosphate film layer is 10--15 μm.
5. a kind of secondary cold extrusion technology of large-diameter outer spline according to claim 1, it is characterised in that：The step
In rapid S3, two groups of rollers prick wheel as synchronous rotary clockwise, and external splines crude green body workpiece is rotation counterclockwise, and two groups of rollers prick wheel with it is outer
The linear velocity of spline crude green body workpiece is identical.
6. a kind of secondary cold extrusion technology of large-diameter outer spline according to claim 1, it is characterised in that：The step
In rapid S3, the wedge angle that two groups of rollers prick wheel is 0.5--1.0 °, and secondary extrusion amount is 0.2--0.5mm.
7. a kind of secondary cold extrusion technology of large-diameter outer spline according to claim 1, it is characterised in that：The step
In rapid S4, Carburization Treatment is divided into surging carburizing and carburizing of taking advantage of a situation, the carbon potential in surging carbon impregnation stage, carburizer are set as 1.05--
2%, carburizing time 10--20min, the carbon potential in carbon impregnation stage of taking advantage of a situation, carburizer is set as 0.8--0.9%, carburizing time
10--15min。
Priority Applications (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN201711223115.7A CN108188313A (en) | 2017-11-29 | 2017-11-29 | A kind of secondary cold extrusion technology of large-diameter outer spline |
Applications Claiming Priority (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN201711223115.7A CN108188313A (en) | 2017-11-29 | 2017-11-29 | A kind of secondary cold extrusion technology of large-diameter outer spline |
Publications (1)
| Publication Number | Publication Date |
|---|---|
| CN108188313A true CN108188313A (en) | 2018-06-22 |
Family
ID=62573261
Family Applications (1)
| Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN201711223115.7A Pending CN108188313A (en) | 2017-11-29 | 2017-11-29 | A kind of secondary cold extrusion technology of large-diameter outer spline |
Country Status (1)
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Citations (14)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| GB796084A (en) * | 1955-11-18 | 1958-06-04 | Michigan Tool Co | Method of and apparatus for forming toothed elements |
| EP0509734A1 (en) * | 1991-04-15 | 1992-10-21 | Mitsubishi Denki Kabushiki Kaisha | Method and apparatus forming a helical spline gear with a stopper on a rotary shaft |
| CN1507963A (en) * | 2002-12-17 | 2004-06-30 | 张俊清 | Spline shaft processing method using cold extrusion of meidium carbon steel |
| DE102007039959A1 (en) * | 2007-08-23 | 2009-02-26 | Profiroll Technologies Gmbh | Cold-rolling method for lengthwise teeth and profile of long wave-like workpiece e.g. gear wheel, involves reversing round rolling tool and advancing other rolling tool for rolling other profile section |
| JP2011115799A (en) * | 2009-11-30 | 2011-06-16 | Phifit Kk | Method of form-rolling rolled body or screw body, working device and formed body |
| JP2011235303A (en) * | 2010-05-10 | 2011-11-24 | Tanoi Seisakusho:Kk | Method for rolling helical spline component |
| CN102814435A (en) * | 2012-08-24 | 2012-12-12 | 西安交通大学 | Method for roll forming spline shaft by medium-frequency and high-frequency sensing heating |
| CN103447772A (en) * | 2013-09-11 | 2013-12-18 | 宁波市奇精机械有限公司 | Spline machining technology |
| CN103615525A (en) * | 2013-12-10 | 2014-03-05 | 江苏威鹰机械有限公司 | Transmission planetary gear carrier with support shaft and production process thereof |
| CN101767117B (en) * | 2008-12-31 | 2014-05-21 | 江苏汤臣汽车零部件有限公司 | Method for processing camshaft spline of automotive brake and device therefor |
| CN103934638A (en) * | 2014-04-22 | 2014-07-23 | 江苏森威精锻有限公司 | Precision external spline pipe forming method |
| CN105057995A (en) * | 2015-07-28 | 2015-11-18 | 宁波捷成轴业有限公司 | Spline extrusion forming technological method |
| CN105880304A (en) * | 2016-05-27 | 2016-08-24 | 上海工程技术大学 | Cold extruding forming method used for automotive spline sleeve part |
| CN107138926A (en) * | 2017-06-20 | 2017-09-08 | 江苏威鹰机械有限公司 | Automobile CVT automatic transmission guide wheel shaft manufacturing process |
-
2017
- 2017-11-29 CN CN201711223115.7A patent/CN108188313A/en active Pending
Patent Citations (14)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| GB796084A (en) * | 1955-11-18 | 1958-06-04 | Michigan Tool Co | Method of and apparatus for forming toothed elements |
| EP0509734A1 (en) * | 1991-04-15 | 1992-10-21 | Mitsubishi Denki Kabushiki Kaisha | Method and apparatus forming a helical spline gear with a stopper on a rotary shaft |
| CN1507963A (en) * | 2002-12-17 | 2004-06-30 | 张俊清 | Spline shaft processing method using cold extrusion of meidium carbon steel |
| DE102007039959A1 (en) * | 2007-08-23 | 2009-02-26 | Profiroll Technologies Gmbh | Cold-rolling method for lengthwise teeth and profile of long wave-like workpiece e.g. gear wheel, involves reversing round rolling tool and advancing other rolling tool for rolling other profile section |
| CN101767117B (en) * | 2008-12-31 | 2014-05-21 | 江苏汤臣汽车零部件有限公司 | Method for processing camshaft spline of automotive brake and device therefor |
| JP2011115799A (en) * | 2009-11-30 | 2011-06-16 | Phifit Kk | Method of form-rolling rolled body or screw body, working device and formed body |
| JP2011235303A (en) * | 2010-05-10 | 2011-11-24 | Tanoi Seisakusho:Kk | Method for rolling helical spline component |
| CN102814435A (en) * | 2012-08-24 | 2012-12-12 | 西安交通大学 | Method for roll forming spline shaft by medium-frequency and high-frequency sensing heating |
| CN103447772A (en) * | 2013-09-11 | 2013-12-18 | 宁波市奇精机械有限公司 | Spline machining technology |
| CN103615525A (en) * | 2013-12-10 | 2014-03-05 | 江苏威鹰机械有限公司 | Transmission planetary gear carrier with support shaft and production process thereof |
| CN103934638A (en) * | 2014-04-22 | 2014-07-23 | 江苏森威精锻有限公司 | Precision external spline pipe forming method |
| CN105057995A (en) * | 2015-07-28 | 2015-11-18 | 宁波捷成轴业有限公司 | Spline extrusion forming technological method |
| CN105880304A (en) * | 2016-05-27 | 2016-08-24 | 上海工程技术大学 | Cold extruding forming method used for automotive spline sleeve part |
| CN107138926A (en) * | 2017-06-20 | 2017-09-08 | 江苏威鹰机械有限公司 | Automobile CVT automatic transmission guide wheel shaft manufacturing process |
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Application publication date: 20180622 |
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