CN105057995A - Spline extrusion forming technological method - Google Patents
Spline extrusion forming technological method Download PDFInfo
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- CN105057995A CN105057995A CN201510451738.4A CN201510451738A CN105057995A CN 105057995 A CN105057995 A CN 105057995A CN 201510451738 A CN201510451738 A CN 201510451738A CN 105057995 A CN105057995 A CN 105057995A
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- extrusion forming
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B23—MACHINE TOOLS; METAL-WORKING NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
- B23P—METAL-WORKING NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; COMBINED OPERATIONS; UNIVERSAL MACHINE TOOLS
- B23P15/00—Making specific metal objects by operations not covered by a single other subclass or a group in this subclass
- B23P15/14—Making specific metal objects by operations not covered by a single other subclass or a group in this subclass gear parts, e.g. gear wheels
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Abstract
The invention discloses a spline extrusion forming technological method. The method includes the first step of workblank softening, the second step of workblank processing, the third step of phosphating and saponification, the fourth step of buffer area arrangement, the fifth step of extrusion forming, the sixth step of quenching treatment and the seventh step of cleaning. When the method is implemented, precision and strength of produced spline shafts are both very high.
Description
Technical field
The present invention relates to field of machining, especially relate to a kind of spline extrusion forming process method.
Background technology
Spline is opened in parts on splined shaft, and machine driving is a kind of, the same with flat key, woodruff key, taper key effect, all transmit mechanical torque, have longitudinal keyway in the appearance of axle, the revolving part be enclosed within axle also has corresponding keyway, can keep with axle synchronous rotary.While rotation, what have can also do longitudinal sliding motion on axle, as gearbox gear-shift gear etc.
The step that traditional at present spline processing technology adopts is normally: blanking-spheroidizing process-straight-through-tack and the extruding-boring-finish turning endoporus-oxalates process-spline two road extruding-fine finishining-cleaning together of chamfering-oxalates process-spline, but need in traditional handicraft process to carry out machining, comparatively large to the loss of process tool, process time is also longer simultaneously.
A kind of spline housing processing technology disclosed in application number 201310418277.1, this technique comprises the following steps: 1) blanking; 2) oxalates process; 3) external splines extruding: first dried on dryer by the blank handled well, puts after waiting blank to cool and extrudes spline on a hydraulic press; 4) spheroidizing process: blank is put and carries out spheroidizing in the lehr; 5) Shot Blasting: blank is placed on Caterpillar type shot blasting machine and carries out ball blast; 6) oxalates process; 7) internal spline extruding: the blank handled well is put and extrudes spline on a hydraulic press; 8) fine finishining: blank is placed on numerically controlled lathe and carries out fine finishining; 9) clean: finished product is put into supersonic wave cleaning machine and cleans.The present invention adopts solid bar to carry out cold extrusion shapedly saving raw-material loss, blank adopts the process time shortening blank without machining simultaneously, internal spline adopts solid cold extrusion shaped, in following process process, the little easy processing of allowance decreases the loss of cutter simultaneously, improves production efficiency.
But the splined shaft that above-mentioned processing technology is produced, its precision and intensity are all lower, so have certain room for improvement.
In view of above-mentioned defect, creator of the present invention obtains this creation finally through long research and practice.
Summary of the invention
The object of the invention is to, provide a kind of spline extrusion forming process method, in order to overcome above-mentioned technological deficiency.
For achieving the above object, the technical solution used in the present invention is, provides a kind of spline extrusion forming process method, comprises the following steps:
(1), blank softening, the blank be made up of steel is carried out soft annealing process;
(2), blank treatment, the described blank after soft annealing is placed on cutter and carries out blanking, and guarantee that its end face is smooth;
(3), phosphatization and saponification process, first phosphorating treatment is carried out to the described blank after cutting, it is made to form phosphorization membrane on the surface, thus improve the plasticity of described blank, again saponification process is carried out to it, the phosphorization membrane on its surface is made to change into phosphatization-saponification rete, from the lubricity improving described blank surface;
(4), buffering area is set, described blank offers the buffer groove of the annular near bar portion, in order to reduce footpath contracting amount and to improve machining accuracy;
(5), extruded, after the blank that processed being dried cooling again, the shaping dies putting into extruder carries out extruded, thus obtains semi-finished product;
(6), Quenching Treatment, described half-finished splined section is carried out Quenching Treatment, thus obtains finished product;
(7), clean, described finished product is put into supersonic wave cleaning machine and cleans.
Preferably, during blank softening, first blank is put into annealing furnace, then the temperature of annealing furnace is adjusted between 800 DEG C-830 DEG C, be incubated 4 hours, be cooled to 150 DEG C-300 DEG C and come out of the stove, be cooled to normal temperature in atmosphere subsequently.
Preferably, when phosphatization and saponification process, the phosphatization-saponification rete formed at described blank surface is followed successively by lithoform, zinc stearate film and odium stearate film from the inside to surface.
Preferably, when extruded, the bar portion of described blank puts into the punch of described extruder, and applies extruding force F to the bar portion of described blank.
Preferably, when offering described buffer groove, first described blank being clamped on lathe, then by the feed degree of lathe tool by setting, described blank being cut.
Preferably, described buffer groove comprises bottom and upper end, and the equation of locus group of described bottom is:
The equation of locus group of described upper end is:
Be connected by a plane between described upper end with described bottom, wherein, e is the truth of a matter of natural logrithm, H is the plastic hardness of blank, and n is that described bottom and described upper end overlap the ordinate of transition point, and A is that opening tightens up coefficient, its value can adjust as required, and A < 2h/ π, x is abscissa value, and y is ordinate value.
Preferably, when carrying out described Quenching Treatment, quenching media is mineral oil.
Preferably, described odium stearate film is flocculent structure.
Beneficial effect of the present invention is compared with the prior art: the splined shaft using this explained hereafter, and its precision and intensity are all very high; And when blank softening process, the plasticity of blank effectively can be improved; Enough effectively improve the plasticity of blank when phosphatization saponification, and play best lubricating effect, more laborsaving when making subsequent extrusion; After applying suitable extruding force, the extruding precision of spline can be improved, prevent blank excessive deformation; It is best to effect of deformation buffering for buffer groove, when buffer groove is stressed, can produce rapidly larger deformation, thus the deformation quantity preventing spline to be subject to outside too many setting when shaping, thus improve the precision of spline; With mineral oil as quenching media, the cooldown rate after controlling finished product quenching can be convenient to like this; The film body uniform particles of cotton-shaped odium stearate, is conducive to lubrication.
Accompanying drawing explanation
Fig. 1 is the block diagram of spline extrusion forming process method of the present invention;
Fig. 2 is the schematic cross-section of buffer groove of the present invention.
In figure: 1-blank; 2-buffer groove; 3-bottom; 4-upper end.
Detailed description of the invention
Below in conjunction with accompanying drawing, to above-mentioned being described in more detail with other technical characteristic and advantage of the present invention.
As shown in Figure 1, a kind of spline extrusion forming process method, comprise the following steps: (1), blank 1 softens, the blank 1 be made up of steel is carried out soft annealing process, and steel are 45 steel preferably, soft annealing process can will reduce the hardness of blank 1, improve its cold plasticity, in general, blank 1 is under supply status, its hardness HB > 217, material grains is thick and uneven, plasticity is poor, resistance of deformation is large, when annealing, first blank 1 is heated to about 800 DEG C, then after being incubated a period of time, cool, blank 1 hardness HB after annealed is about 130, and its plasticity improves, resistance of deformation reduces, precision when greatly can improve subsequent extrusion like this, and reduce manufacture difficulty, (2), blank 1 processes, and is placed on cutter by the described blank 1 after soft annealing and carries out blanking, and guarantee that its end face is smooth, blank 1 after cutting is shaft-like, molds spline in the bar portion of lower end, (3), phosphatization and saponification process, first phosphorating treatment is carried out to the described blank 1 after cutting, it is made to form phosphorization membrane on the surface, when phosphatization, first blank 1 is put into Phosphating Solution, thus the phosphating coat formed based on trbasic zinc phosphate, the thickness of this phosphating coat is generally 20 μm, thus improve the plasticity of described blank 1, again saponification process is carried out to it, the phosphorization membrane on its surface is made to change into phosphatization-saponification rete, from the lubricity improving described blank 1 surface, and the blank 1 after phosphatization saponification, its coefficient of friction is little, not easily there is cut, when cold extrusion, there is fabulous lubricant effect, and can make shaping after dimensional accuracy more stable, the roughness on surface is less, (4), buffering area is set, described blank 1 offers the buffer groove 2 of the annular near bar portion, in order to reduce footpath contracting amount and to improve machining accuracy, find after actual observation is repeatedly analyzed, when blank 1 is when receiving punch extruding, due to the reason of plastic deformation, the bar footpath of blank 1 and spline all can produce very complicated distortion, and the hardness of each blank 1 and internal stress situation all can there are differences, after causing each Workpiece shaping, the fluctuation of its size is larger, after being provided with this buffer groove 2, after blank 1 is squeezed, its deformation quantity can focus on buffer groove 2, buffer groove 2 is caused to be out of shape the most violent, and the bar footpath of blank 1 and the shape of spline comparatively stable, thus reach the object improving splined shaft precision, (5), extruded, the blank 1 processed is dried again cooling after, the shaping dies putting into extruder carries out extruded, thus obtains semi-finished product, (6), Quenching Treatment, described half-finished splined section is carried out Quenching Treatment, thus obtains finished product, by extruded half-formed quench after, the blank 1 after quenching, its rigidity, wearability and hardness all can improve greatly, (7), clean, described finished product is put into supersonic wave cleaning machine and cleans, use the splined shaft of this explained hereafter, its precision and intensity are all very high.
On the basis of above-mentioned embodiment, when blank 1 softens, first blank 1 is cleaned up, guarantee that its surface does not have impurity, first blank 1 is put into annealing furnace, then the temperature of annealing furnace is adjusted between 800 DEG C-830 DEG C, heat, be incubated 4 hours, be cooled to 150 DEG C-300 DEG C to come out of the stove, be cooled to normal temperature in atmosphere subsequently, the hardness of blank 1 is this makes it possible to be adjusted to applicable cold-stamped hardness, reduce resistance of deformation during extruding, improve plasticity, the most important thing is, make the process of extruding simpler, improve the life-span of extruder mold, relative provides cost savings.
On the basis of above-mentioned embodiment, when phosphatization and saponification process, phosphatization-saponification the rete formed on described blank 1 surface is followed successively by lithoform, zinc stearate film and odium stearate film from the inside to surface, the thickness of whole phosphatization-saponification rete is 25-30 μm, wherein the thickness of lithoform is 10 μm, the thickness of zinc stearate film is 7 μm, the thickness of hard sodium phosphate film is 8-13 μm, effectively can improve the plasticity of blank 1 like this, and play best lubricating effect, more laborsaving when making subsequent extrusion.
On the basis of above-mentioned embodiment, when extruded, the bar portion of described blank 1 puts into the punch of described extruder, and adjust to the large I of the applying of bar portion extruding force F, the extruding force F of described blank 1 according to actual conditions, in general, extruding force F=1.3A*P/100, wherein the unit of extruding force is kN, A is the projected area partly that is squeezed, and unit is mm
2, P is unit extruding force, and unit is MPa, and 1.3 is safety coefficient, after applying suitable extruding force, can improve the extruding precision of spline, prevent blank 1 excessive deformation.
On the basis of above-mentioned embodiment, when offering described buffer groove 2, first described blank 1 is clamped on lathe, then by the feed degree of lathe tool by setting, described blank 1 is cut, only the words of the buffer groove 2 cutting annular together, very simple, but buffering deformation can be played, improve the effect of spline precision.
As shown in Figure 2, on the basis of above-mentioned embodiment, described buffer groove 2 comprises bottom 3 and upper end 4, bottom 3 is exactly the latter half of groove in fact, and it is arc, and upper end 4 is exactly the first half of groove, it is two, left and right camber line, and the equation of locus group of described bottom 3 is:
The equation of locus group of described upper end 4 is:
Be connected by a plane between described upper end 4 with described bottom 3, wherein, e is the truth of a matter of natural logrithm, H is the plastic hardness of blank 1, n is that described bottom 3 and described upper end 4 overlap the ordinate of transition point, A is that opening tightens up coefficient, its value can adjust as required, and A < 2h/ π, x is abscissa value, y is ordinate value, the buffer groove 2 of this shape, it is best to the effect of deformation buffering, when buffer groove 2 is stressed, larger deformation can be produced rapidly, thus the deformation quantity preventing spline to be subject to outside too many setting when shaping, thus improve the precision of spline.
When carrying out described Quenching Treatment, quenching media is mineral oil, when carrying out the blank 1 after Cooling Quenching with mineral oil as quenching media, can be convenient to the cooldown rate after controlling finished product quenching like this.
Described odium stearate film is flocculent structure, and the odium stearate film of this structure can show extraordinary lubricity, and film body uniform particles, be conducive to lubrication.
The foregoing is only preferred embodiment of the present invention, is only illustrative for the purpose of the present invention, and nonrestrictive.Those skilled in the art is understood, and can carry out many changes in the spirit and scope that the claims in the present invention limit to it, amendment, even equivalence, but all will fall within the scope of protection of the present invention.
Claims (8)
1. a spline extrusion forming process method, is characterized in that, comprises the following steps:
(1), blank softening, the blank be made up of steel is carried out soft annealing process;
(2), blank treatment, the described blank after soft annealing is placed on cutter and carries out blanking, and guarantee that its end face is smooth;
(3), phosphatization and saponification process, first phosphorating treatment is carried out to the described blank after cutting, it is made to form phosphorization membrane on the surface, thus improve the plasticity of described blank, again saponification process is carried out to it, the phosphorization membrane on its surface is made to change into phosphatization-saponification rete, from the lubricity improving described blank surface;
(4), buffering area is set, described blank offers the buffer groove of the annular near bar portion, in order to reduce footpath contracting amount and to improve machining accuracy;
(5), extruded, after the blank that processed being dried cooling again, the shaping dies putting into extruder carries out extruded, thus obtains semi-finished product;
(6), Quenching Treatment, described half-finished splined section is carried out Quenching Treatment, thus obtains finished product;
(7), clean, described finished product is put into supersonic wave cleaning machine and cleans.
2. spline extrusion forming process method as described in claim 1, it is characterized in that: during blank softening, first blank is put into annealing furnace, then the temperature of annealing furnace is adjusted between 800 DEG C-830 DEG C, be incubated 4 hours, be cooled to 150 DEG C-300 DEG C to come out of the stove, be cooled to normal temperature in atmosphere subsequently.
3. spline extrusion forming process method as described in claim 2, it is characterized in that: when phosphatization and saponification process, the phosphatization-saponification rete formed at described blank surface is followed successively by lithoform, zinc stearate film and odium stearate film from the inside to surface.
4. spline extrusion forming process method as described in claim 3, it is characterized in that: when extruded, the bar portion of described blank puts into the punch of described extruder, and applies extruding force F to the bar portion of described blank.
5. spline extrusion forming process method as described in claim 4, is characterized in that: when offering described buffer groove, first clamping on lathe by described blank, is then cut described blank by the feed degree of lathe tool by setting.
6. spline extrusion forming process method as described in claim 5, it is characterized in that: described buffer groove comprises bottom and upper end, the equation of locus group of described bottom is:
The equation of locus group of described upper end is:
Be connected by a plane between described upper end with described bottom, wherein, e is the truth of a matter of natural logrithm, H is the plastic hardness of blank, and n is that described bottom and described upper end overlap the ordinate of transition point, and A is that opening tightens up coefficient, its value can adjust as required, and A < 2h/ π, x is abscissa value, and y is ordinate value.
7. spline extrusion forming process method as described in claim 1, it is characterized in that: when carrying out described Quenching Treatment, quenching media is mineral oil.
8. spline extrusion forming process method as described in claim 3, is characterized in that: described odium stearate film is flocculent structure.
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| CN201510451738.4A CN105057995A (en) | 2015-07-28 | 2015-07-28 | Spline extrusion forming technological method |
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| CN201510451738.4A CN105057995A (en) | 2015-07-28 | 2015-07-28 | Spline extrusion forming technological method |
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Cited By (1)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN108188313A (en) * | 2017-11-29 | 2018-06-22 | 江阴市永兴机械制造有限公司 | A kind of secondary cold extrusion technology of large-diameter outer spline |
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| JPS61289942A (en) * | 1985-06-17 | 1986-12-19 | Musashi Seimitsu Ind Co Ltd | Production for hollow spline shaft |
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| CN101596558A (en) * | 2009-06-29 | 2009-12-09 | 山东联诚集团有限公司 | Blank cold extrusion process |
| CN102689148A (en) * | 2012-06-14 | 2012-09-26 | 重庆三铃工业股份有限公司 | Precise cold extruding process for tooth-shaped disc hub of automobile clutch |
| JP5093003B2 (en) * | 2008-08-29 | 2012-12-05 | トヨタ自動車株式会社 | Spline shaft and method for manufacturing spline shaft |
| CN103447774A (en) * | 2013-09-11 | 2013-12-18 | 宁波市奇精机械有限公司 | Splined sleeve processing technology |
| CN103737334A (en) * | 2014-01-26 | 2014-04-23 | 无锡市神力齿轮冷挤有限公司 | High-strength gear processing process |
| CN104148888A (en) * | 2014-06-30 | 2014-11-19 | 宁波惠山汽配制造有限公司 | Process for cold extrusion forming of one-way device spline sleeve |
| CN104339972A (en) * | 2014-10-27 | 2015-02-11 | 宁波莱斯帕斯汽车配件科技有限公司 | Manufacturing technology of light emitting wheel hub |
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2015
- 2015-07-28 CN CN201510451738.4A patent/CN105057995A/en active Pending
Patent Citations (9)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| JPS61289942A (en) * | 1985-06-17 | 1986-12-19 | Musashi Seimitsu Ind Co Ltd | Production for hollow spline shaft |
| CN1507963A (en) * | 2002-12-17 | 2004-06-30 | 张俊清 | Spline shaft processing method using cold extrusion of meidium carbon steel |
| JP5093003B2 (en) * | 2008-08-29 | 2012-12-05 | トヨタ自動車株式会社 | Spline shaft and method for manufacturing spline shaft |
| CN101596558A (en) * | 2009-06-29 | 2009-12-09 | 山东联诚集团有限公司 | Blank cold extrusion process |
| CN102689148A (en) * | 2012-06-14 | 2012-09-26 | 重庆三铃工业股份有限公司 | Precise cold extruding process for tooth-shaped disc hub of automobile clutch |
| CN103447774A (en) * | 2013-09-11 | 2013-12-18 | 宁波市奇精机械有限公司 | Splined sleeve processing technology |
| CN103737334A (en) * | 2014-01-26 | 2014-04-23 | 无锡市神力齿轮冷挤有限公司 | High-strength gear processing process |
| CN104148888A (en) * | 2014-06-30 | 2014-11-19 | 宁波惠山汽配制造有限公司 | Process for cold extrusion forming of one-way device spline sleeve |
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Cited By (1)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN108188313A (en) * | 2017-11-29 | 2018-06-22 | 江阴市永兴机械制造有限公司 | A kind of secondary cold extrusion technology of large-diameter outer spline |
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