CN108187919B - Double test tube automatically regulated centrifuge based on gear drive - Google Patents
Double test tube automatically regulated centrifuge based on gear drive Download PDFInfo
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- CN108187919B CN108187919B CN201711418261.5A CN201711418261A CN108187919B CN 108187919 B CN108187919 B CN 108187919B CN 201711418261 A CN201711418261 A CN 201711418261A CN 108187919 B CN108187919 B CN 108187919B
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B04—CENTRIFUGAL APPARATUS OR MACHINES FOR CARRYING-OUT PHYSICAL OR CHEMICAL PROCESSES
- B04B—CENTRIFUGES
- B04B5/00—Other centrifuges
- B04B5/04—Radial chamber apparatus for separating predominantly liquid mixtures, e.g. butyrometers
- B04B5/0407—Radial chamber apparatus for separating predominantly liquid mixtures, e.g. butyrometers for liquids contained in receptacles
- B04B5/0414—Radial chamber apparatus for separating predominantly liquid mixtures, e.g. butyrometers for liquids contained in receptacles comprising test tubes
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B04—CENTRIFUGAL APPARATUS OR MACHINES FOR CARRYING-OUT PHYSICAL OR CHEMICAL PROCESSES
- B04B—CENTRIFUGES
- B04B9/00—Drives specially designed for centrifuges; Arrangement or disposition of transmission gearing; Suspending or balancing rotary bowls
- B04B9/02—Electric motor drives
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B04—CENTRIFUGAL APPARATUS OR MACHINES FOR CARRYING-OUT PHYSICAL OR CHEMICAL PROCESSES
- B04B—CENTRIFUGES
- B04B9/00—Drives specially designed for centrifuges; Arrangement or disposition of transmission gearing; Suspending or balancing rotary bowls
- B04B9/08—Arrangement or disposition of transmission gearing ; Couplings; Brakes
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Abstract
The invention belongs to the technical field of test tube centrifuges, and particularly relates to a double-row test tube automatic adjusting centrifuge based on gear transmission, which comprises a cover plate, a first centrifugal mechanism, a second centrifugal mechanism, a fixed shell, a second fixed ring, a first connecting block, a second connecting block, a driving ring, a driving gear and the like, wherein the end surface of a motor is arranged on the inner end surface of the fixed shell; a second round hole is formed in the end face of the motor shaft; two guide grooves are symmetrically formed in the inner circular surface of the second circular hole; one ends of the two L-shaped driving blocks are symmetrically arranged on the outer circular surface of the motor shaft. The motor end surface is arranged on the inner end surface of the fixed shell and has the function of conveniently driving the first centrifugal mechanism and the second centrifugal mechanism to move. The centrifuge of the invention is provided with double rows of test tubes, so that the single-time working efficiency of the centrifuge of the invention is higher compared with the traditional centrifuge.
Description
Technical Field
The invention belongs to the technical field of test tube centrifuges, and particularly relates to a double-row test tube automatic adjusting centrifuge based on gear transmission.
Background
Present current centrifuge simple structure is because the test tube belongs to fragile article in using, simultaneously because the special shape of test tube, so only can place the test tube of round in traditional centrifuge usually and carry out centrifugal operation, can only place the centrifugal test tube of round under the same centrifuge device, so the efficiency that centrifuge used this moment is than lower, and in order to improve centrifuge's availability factor, it is very necessary to design a double test tube automatically regulated centrifuge based on gear drive.
The invention designs a double-row test tube automatic adjusting centrifuge based on gear transmission to solve the problems.
Disclosure of Invention
In order to overcome the defects in the prior art, the invention discloses a double-row test tube automatic adjusting centrifuge based on gear transmission, which is realized by adopting the following technical scheme.
The utility model provides a double test tube automatically regulated centrifuge based on gear drive which characterized in that: the centrifugal device comprises a cover plate, a first centrifugal mechanism, a second centrifugal mechanism, a limiting mechanism, a fixed shell, a second fixed ring, a first connecting block, a second connecting block, a driving ring, a driving gear, a first fixed shaft, a first spring, a centrifugal block, a driving shaft, a motor shaft, a second spring, a guide groove, a motor, an L-shaped driving block, a first round hole, a rotating shaft hole, a semicircular groove, a square groove, a driving rack, a second round hole and a guide strip, wherein the end face of the motor is arranged on the inner end face of the fixed shell; a second round hole is formed in the end face of the motor shaft; two guide grooves are symmetrically formed in the inner circular surface of the second circular hole; one ends of the two L-shaped driving blocks are symmetrically arranged on the outer circular surface of the motor shaft; the driving ring is provided with a first round hole; a square groove is formed in the inner circular surface of the first circular hole; a semicircular groove is formed in the inner circular surface of the first circular hole and communicated with the square groove; rotating shaft holes are formed in two end faces of the semicircular groove; the lower end surface of the driving ring is arranged on two L-shaped driving blocks; the 8 first centrifugal mechanisms are uniformly arranged on the upper end surface of the driving ring in the circumferential direction, and two adjacent first centrifugal mechanisms are connected through a first connecting block; two guide bars are symmetrically arranged on the outer circular surface of the driving shaft; the driving shaft is arranged on the motor shaft through the matching of the guide bar and the guide groove; the second spring is arranged in the second round hole, one end of the second spring is arranged on the end face of the second round hole, and the other end of the second spring is arranged on the end face of the driving shaft; the lower end face of the second fixing ring is arranged on the end face of the driving shaft, and the second fixing ring is positioned in the driving ring; the upper end surface of the centrifugal block is provided with external teeth, and the centrifugal block is arranged in the square groove through a first spring; two ends of the first fixed shaft are respectively arranged in the two rotating shaft holes; the driving gear is arranged on the first fixed shaft and is meshed with external teeth arranged on the upper end surface of the centrifugal block; one end of the driving rack is arranged on the lower end face of the second fixing ring, and the driving rack drives the gear to mesh; the 8 second centrifugal mechanisms are uniformly arranged on the upper end face of the second fixing ring in the circumferential direction, and the 8 second centrifugal mechanisms are matched with the corresponding first centrifugal mechanisms; two adjacent second centrifugal mechanisms are connected together through a second connecting block; the cover plate is arranged on the upper end surface of the fixed shell; the 8 limiting mechanisms are uniformly arranged on the upper end surface of the second fixing ring in the circumferential direction; each 8 limiting mechanisms are matched with the corresponding second centrifugal mechanism.
The first centrifugal mechanism comprises a first fixed sleeve, a first fixed ring, a first volute spring, a second fixed shaft, a first U-shaped frame, a first test tube and a fifth fixed ring, wherein the lower end face of the first U-shaped frame is arranged on the upper end face of the driving ring; one ends of the two second fixed shafts are symmetrically arranged on the outer circular surface of the first fixed sleeve; the first fixing sleeve is arranged on the first U-shaped frame through two second fixing shafts; the first scroll springs are arranged at the two second fixed shafts, the inner ends of the first scroll springs are arranged on the outer circular surfaces of the second fixed shafts, and the outer ends of the first scroll springs are arranged on the end surface of the first U-shaped frame; the inner circular surface of the fifth fixing ring is arranged on the outer circular surface of the upper end of the first test tube; the end face of the first fixing ring is arranged on the upper end face of the fifth fixing ring; first test tube is installed in first fixed cover, and the cooperation of the contact of fifth solid fixed ring lower extreme face and first fixed cover up end.
The second centrifugal mechanism comprises a third fixing ring, a semicircular ring, a second fixing sleeve, a second test tube, a second U-shaped frame, a second volute spring, a third fixing shaft and a fourth fixing ring, wherein the lower end face of the second U-shaped frame is arranged on the upper end face of the second fixing ring; one ends of the two third fixed shafts are symmetrically arranged on the outer circular surface of the second fixed sleeve; the second fixing sleeve is arranged on the second U-shaped frame through two third fixing shafts; second scroll springs are arranged at the two third fixed shafts, the inner ends of the second scroll springs are arranged on the outer circular surfaces of the third fixed shafts, and the outer ends of the second scroll springs are arranged on the end surfaces of the second U-shaped frames; the inner circular surface of the fourth fixing ring is arranged on the outer circular surface of the upper end of the second test tube; the end face of the third fixing ring is arranged on the upper end face of the fourth fixing ring; the second test tube is arranged in the second fixing sleeve, and the lower end face of the fourth fixing ring is in contact fit with the upper end face of the second fixing sleeve; the end face of the semicircular ring is arranged on the upper end face of the third fixing ring.
The limiting mechanism comprises a fixing rod, a sixth fixing ring, a mounting hole, a limiting block, a first rack, a first fixing plate, a first gear, a second fixing plate, a second gear, a second rack, a third gear, a fourth fixing shaft, a fifth fixing shaft, a square groove, a guide strip, a fixing circular plate and a third spring, wherein one end of the limiting block is mounted on the outer circular surface of the third fixing ring, and the limiting block and the semicircular ring are distributed oppositely; one ends of the four fixing rods are uniformly arranged on the inner circular surface of the fixing shell in the circumferential direction, and the four fixing rods are all positioned on the upper side of the second centrifugal mechanism; the lower end face of the fixed circular plate is provided with a mounting hole; the outer circular surfaces of the fixed circular plates are arranged on the end surfaces of the four fixed rods; the fixed circular plate is arranged in the mounting hole; one end of the second rack is arranged on the upper end surface of the second fixing ring; one end of the second fixing plate is arranged on the lower end face of the fixing circular plate; the fifth fixed shaft is arranged on the second fixed plate; the second gear and the third gear are respectively arranged at two ends of the fifth fixed shaft and are meshed with the second rack; the side surface of the first fixing plate is arranged on the side surface of the second fixing plate; the fourth fixed shaft is arranged on the first fixed plate; the first gear is arranged on the fourth fixed shaft; one end of the guide strip is arranged on the lower end face of the fixed circular plate; a square hole which is not communicated is formed in the end face of the first rack, the first rack is installed on the guide strip through a third spring, and the first rack is meshed with the first gear; the first rack is matched with the limiting block; the diameter of the first gear is equal to the diameter of the third gear; the diameter of the second gear is equal to 2 times the diameter of the third gear; the first gear has a phenomenon of missing teeth within 5 degrees of the outer circular surface.
The first connecting blocks are arranged on the side surfaces of two adjacent first U-shaped frames; the second connecting blocks are arranged on the side surfaces of two adjacent second U-shaped frames; the elastic coefficient of the first scroll spring is smaller than that of the second scroll spring; after the second test tube installation was accomplished, the semicircle ring of installing on the second test tube was close to first test tube one side and distributes.
As a further improvement of the present technology, the drive gear is mounted on the first stationary shaft by a key.
As a further improvement of the present technology, the first spring is a compression spring; the second spring is a compression spring.
As a further improvement of the present technology, the diameter of the outer circumferential surface of the above-mentioned second fixing ring is equal to the diameter of the inner circumferential surface of the drive ring.
As a further improvement of the technology, solid lubricating oil is coated between the centrifugal block and the square groove.
As a further improvement of the present technique, the first test tube has a size equal to the size of the second test tube.
Compared with the traditional test tube centrifuge technology, the centrifuge of the invention is provided with double rows of test tubes, so that the single working efficiency of the centrifuge of the invention is higher than that of the traditional centrifuge; the end face of the motor is arranged on the inner end face of the fixed shell and is used for driving the first centrifugal mechanism and the second centrifugal mechanism to move conveniently; the end surface of the motor shaft is provided with a second round hole for facilitating the movement of the driving shaft in the second round hole; the inner circular surface of the second circular hole is symmetrically provided with two guide grooves which are matched with guide bars arranged on the driving shaft, so that the driving shaft is guided to move on one hand, and the driving shaft can be driven to move by a motor shaft conveniently on the other hand; one ends of the two L-shaped driving blocks are symmetrically arranged on the outer circular surface of the motor shaft to drive the driving ring to move; the driving ring is provided with a first round hole for facilitating the second fixing ring to move up and down along the axis of the second fixing ring in the driving ring; the inner circular surface of the first round hole is provided with a square groove for facilitating the movement of the centrifugal block back and forth in the square groove; a semicircular groove is formed in the inner circular surface of the first circular hole, and the semicircular groove is communicated with the square groove to conveniently accommodate the driving gear, so that the centrifugal block can drive the driving gear to move; the two end faces of the semicircular groove are provided with rotating shaft holes for facilitating the installation of the first fixed shaft; the lower end surface of the driving ring is arranged on the two L-shaped driving blocks, so that 8 first centrifugal mechanisms are conveniently arranged; the 8 first centrifugal mechanisms are uniformly arranged on the upper end surface of the driving ring in the circumferential direction, and the two adjacent first centrifugal mechanisms are connected through the first connecting block, so that the 8 first centrifugal mechanisms can move simultaneously under the action of the driving ring, and the aim of centrifuging liquid in the first test tube is fulfilled; the driving shaft is arranged on the motor shaft through the matching of the guide strip and the guide groove and is used for driving the second fixing ring to move conveniently; the second spring is arranged in the second round hole, one end of the second spring is arranged on the end face of the second round hole, and the other end of the second spring is arranged on the end face of the driving shaft and is used for exerting a restoring force on the driving shaft; the lower end face of the second fixing ring is arranged on the end face of the driving shaft, and the second fixing ring is positioned in the driving ring and is used for facilitating the installation of 8 second centrifugal mechanisms; the upper end surface of the centrifugal block is provided with external teeth, and the centrifugal block is arranged in the square groove through a first spring and is used for conveniently capturing the rotating speed on the driving ring so as to achieve the purpose of driving the driving gear to move; two ends of the first fixed shaft are respectively arranged in the two rotating shaft holes and are used for fixing the driving gear; the driving gear is arranged on the first fixed shaft, and the driving gear is meshed with external teeth arranged on the upper end surface of the centrifugal block to transmit the motion on the centrifugal block to the driving rack; one end of the driving rack is arranged on the lower end face of the second fixing ring, and the meshing effect of the driving rack and the driving gear is convenient for driving the second fixing ring to move; the 8 second centrifugal mechanisms are uniformly arranged on the upper end face of the second fixing ring in the circumferential direction, and the 8 second centrifugal mechanisms are matched with the corresponding first centrifugal mechanisms to enable the test tube centrifuge to arrange double rows of test tubes, so that the centrifuge can centrifuge more liquid in the test tubes at one time, and the use efficiency of the centrifuge is improved; the connection between two adjacent second centrifugal mechanisms through a second connecting block has the function that 8 second centrifugal mechanisms can keep the same motion state; the cover plate is arranged on the upper end surface of the fixed shell and has the function of enabling the centrifuge to form a closed space; the 8 limiting mechanisms are uniformly arranged on the upper end surface of the second fixing ring in the circumferential direction; every 8 stop gear and corresponding second centrifugal mechanism complex effect are the motion of spacing second test tube for the second test tube receives the effect of centrifugal force again after first test tube motion certain angle, begins to carry out centrifugal motion.
The first centrifugal mechanism is used for conveniently installing the first test tube so as to achieve the aim of centrifuging the liquid in the first test tube; the lower end surface of the first U-shaped frame is arranged on the upper end surface of the driving ring and is used for being matched with a second fixed shaft arranged on the first fixed sleeve, so that the purpose of fixing the first fixed sleeve is achieved; the first fixing sleeve is arranged on the first U-shaped frame through two second fixing shafts and is used for facilitating the installation of a first test tube; the first scroll springs are arranged at the two second fixed shafts, the inner ends of the first scroll springs are arranged on the outer circular surfaces of the second fixed shafts, the outer ends of the first scroll springs are arranged on the end surface of the first U-shaped frame and used for controlling the movement of the first test tube, and when the motor drives the first U-shaped frame to move, the first test tube can move around the second fixed shafts only when the acting force of the first scroll springs is overcome by certain centrifugal force; the effect of the interior disc mounting of the solid fixed ring of fifth on the outer disc of first test tube upper end is convenient for install first test tube on first fixed sheathe.
The second centrifugal mechanism is used for increasing the number of test tubes which can be arranged in the centrifugal machine, so that the centrifugal machine can centrifuge more liquid at one time, and the aim of improving the working efficiency of the centrifugal machine is fulfilled; the lower end face of the second U-shaped frame is arranged on the upper end face of the second fixing ring and is matched with a third fixing shaft arranged on the second fixing sleeve, so that the purpose of fixing the second fixing sleeve is achieved; the second fixing sleeve is arranged on the second U-shaped frame through two third fixing shafts and is used for facilitating the installation of a second test tube; the two third fixed shafts are respectively provided with a second scroll spring, the inner end of each second scroll spring is arranged on the outer circular surface of each third fixed shaft, the outer end of each second scroll spring is arranged on the end surface of the corresponding second U-shaped frame and is used for controlling the movement of the corresponding second test tube, and when the motor drives the corresponding second U-shaped frame to move, the second test tube can move around the corresponding third fixed shaft when the acting force of the corresponding second scroll spring is overcome by certain centrifugal force; the inner circular surface of the fourth fixing ring is arranged on the outer circular surface of the upper end of the second test tube and is used for limiting the movement of the second test tube along the axis of the second fixing ring; the second test tube is arranged in the second fixing sleeve, and the lower end face of the fourth fixing ring is in contact fit with the upper end face of the second fixing sleeve so as to be convenient for containing liquid needing centrifugation; the end face of the semicircular ring is arranged on the upper end face of the third fixing ring, so that the second test tube can move around the third fixing shaft at a higher speed by the motor, and the liquid in the second test tube is very easy to spill out at the moment, so that the semicircular ring is used for preventing the liquid in the second test tube from flowing out; the elastic coefficient of the first scroll spring is smaller than that of the second scroll spring, so that the first test tube can move around the second fixed shaft under the action of centrifugal force, the centrifugal force applied to the second test tube becomes larger along with the increase of the rotating speed of the motor, and the second test tube can move around the third fixed shaft at the moment; after the second test tube is installed, one side of the semicircular ring installed on the second test tube, which is close to the first test tube, is distributed to prevent liquid in the inclined second test tube from flowing out of the second test tube when the liquid is subjected to centrifugal force, and the diameter of the outer circular surface of the second fixing ring is equal to that of the inner circular surface of the driving ring, so that the second fixing ring can move along the axis of the second fixing ring; the centrifugal block and the square groove are coated with solid lubricating oil, so that the centrifugal block can better move along the square groove; the effect of the first tube being of a size equal to the size of the second tube is to allow the same volume of liquid to be contained in the first tube as in the second tube.
The limiting mechanism is used for limiting the centrifugal motion of the second test tube in a certain condition; one end of the limiting block is arranged on the outer circular surface of the second fixing ring, and the second fixing ring and the semicircular ring are distributed oppositely so as to facilitate the first rack to limit the second test tube; one end of each fixing rod is uniformly arranged on the inner circular surface of the fixing shell in the circumferential direction, so that the fixing circular plate is convenient to install; the lower end face of the fixed circular plate is provided with a mounting hole for facilitating the mounting of the fixed circular plate; the fixed circular plate is arranged in the mounting hole, so that the guide strip and the second fixed plate can be conveniently mounted, and meanwhile, the second fixed ring can not be influenced to drive the guide strip and the second fixed plate to rotate around the axis of the second fixed plate; one end of the second rack is arranged on the upper end surface of the second fixing ring and is used for transmitting the motion of the second fixing ring to the second gear; one end of the second fixing plate is arranged on the lower end face of the fixed circular plate and is used for fixing the fifth fixing shaft conveniently; the fifth fixed shaft is arranged on the second fixed plate, so that a second gear and a third gear can be conveniently arranged; the second gear and the third gear are respectively arranged at two ends of the fifth fixed shaft, and the second gear is meshed with the second rack to transfer the motion on the second gear to the first rack; the side surface of the first fixing plate is arranged on the side surface of the second fixing plate and is used for installing a fourth fixing shaft; the fourth fixed shaft is arranged on the first fixed plate and is used for fixing the first gear conveniently; the first gear is arranged on the fourth fixed shaft and is used for driving the first rack to move along the guide strip; one end of the guide strip is arranged on the lower end face of the fixed circular plate and is used for guiding the first rack to move conveniently; the end face of the first rack is provided with a square hole which is not communicated, the first rack is arranged on the guide strip through a third spring, and the first rack is meshed with the first gear and is matched with the limiting block, so that the aim of limiting the centrifugal motion of the second test tube is fulfilled; the effect that first gear has the phenomenon of lacking tooth in the 5 degrees within range of excircle face is, when first gear when moving 355 degrees, first rack and stopper at this moment will not contact, and the second test tube will receive the effect of centrifugal force, begins to do centrifugal motion, does not have the restriction of first gear, so first rack at this moment will resume fast under the effect of third spring to original position on.
In the using process, liquid needing to be centrifuged is filled in the first test tube and the second test tube; the moving motor shaft drives the L-shaped driving block to move, the moving L-shaped driving block drives the driving ring to move, the driving ring drives the first U-shaped frame to move, the first U-shaped frame drives the first fixing sleeve to move through the second fixing shaft, the first fixing sleeve drives the first test tube to move, and when the first test tube is subjected to certain centrifugal force, the first test tube moves around the second fixing shaft, so that the liquid in the first test tube can achieve the centrifugal purpose; at the moment, the rotating speed of the motor is continuously increased, the motor shaft drives the guide bar to move, the guide bar drives the driving shaft to move, the driving shaft which drives the driving shaft to move drives the second fixing ring to move, the second fixing ring drives the second U-shaped frame to move, the second U-shaped frame drives the second fixing sleeve to move through the second fixing shaft, the second fixing sleeve drives the second test tube to move, and the second test tube cannot move centrifugally because the first rack is in contact with the limiting block; when the driving ring moves, the centrifugal block is driven to move, the moving centrifugal block drives the driving gear to move, the driving gear drives the driving rack to move, the driving rack drives the second fixing ring to move downwards along the axis of the second fixing ring, and the second fixing ring also moves downwards along the axis of the second fixing ring by a certain distance S in the rotating process of the second fixing ring around the axis of the second fixing ring; the moving second fixing ring can drive the second rack to move by the distance S, the moving second rack can drive the second gear to move, the second gear can drive the fifth fixing shaft to move, the fifth fixing shaft can drive the third gear to move, the third gear can drive the first gear to move, and the first gear can drive the first rack to move, because the diameter of the first gear is equal to that of the third gear; the diameter of the second gear is equal to 2 times the diameter of the third gear; so the first rack will move by a distance of S/2 at this time; when the first rack is not in contact with the limiting block, the second test tube can do centrifugal motion; the first and second tubes will be tilted at the same time; the first rack can return quickly under the action of the third spring due to the missing teeth of the first gear, so that the phenomenon that the returned second test tube collides with the first rack is prevented; meanwhile, the elastic coefficient of the first scroll spring is smaller than that of the second scroll spring, so that the second test tube can lag behind and move around the third fixed shaft with the first test tube, and therefore, on one hand, the first test tube and the second test tube can not collide with each other when being subjected to centrifugal force to liquid in the first test tube and the second test tube, and after the first test tube and the second test tube are centrifuged, the first test tube and the second test tube can recover to the original positions under the action of gravity, the first scroll spring and the second scroll spring; thereby achieving the purpose of improving the working efficiency of the centrifuge.
Drawings
Fig. 1 is a schematic view of the overall component distribution.
Fig. 2 is a schematic view of a motor mounting structure.
FIG. 3 is a schematic view of a first cuvette mounting structure.
Fig. 4 is a schematic view of a sixth fixing ring mounting structure.
Figure 5 is a schematic view of a sixth fixed ring configuration.
Fig. 6 is a schematic view of a drive ring structure.
Fig. 7 is a drive ring cross-sectional view.
Fig. 8 is a schematic view of an L-shaped drive block mounting structure.
Fig. 9 is a schematic view of a motor shaft structure.
Fig. 10 is a schematic view of a first spring mounting structure.
Fig. 11 is a schematic view of a first harness mounting structure.
Fig. 12 is a schematic view of a first retaining ring mounting structure.
FIG. 13 is a schematic view of a first wrap spring mounting arrangement.
Fig. 14 is a schematic view of a second harness mounting structure.
Fig. 15 is a schematic view of a stopper mounting structure.
Fig. 16 is a schematic view of a semicircular ring mounting structure.
Fig. 17 is a schematic view of a third fixed shaft mounting structure.
Fig. 18 is a schematic view of a second fixed shaft mounting structure.
FIG. 19 is a schematic view of a second wrap spring mounting arrangement.
Fig. 20 is a schematic view of a mounting structure of the stopper mechanism.
Fig. 21 is a schematic view of a second rack mounting structure.
Fig. 22 is a schematic view of a second gear mounting structure.
Fig. 23 is a schematic view of a third gear mounting structure.
Fig. 24 is a schematic view of a guide bar mounting structure.
Fig. 25 is a schematic view of a third spring mounting structure.
FIG. 26 is a schematic diagram of the operation of the centrifuge.
Number designation in the figures: 1. a cover plate; 2. a first centrifugal mechanism; 3. a second centrifugal mechanism; 4. a stationary case; 5. a second retaining ring; 6. a drive ring; 7. a drive gear; 8. a first fixed shaft; 9. a first spring; 10. a centrifugal block; 11. a drive shaft; 12. a motor shaft; 13. a second spring; 14. a guide groove; 15. an electric motor; 16. an L-shaped driving block; 17. a first circular hole; 18. a rotating shaft hole; 19. a semicircular groove; 20. a square groove; 21. a drive rack; 22. a second circular hole; 23. conducting bars; 24. a first fixing sleeve; 25. a first retaining ring; 26. a first scroll spring; 27. a second fixed shaft; 28. a first U-shaped frame; 29. a first test tube; 30. a fifth retaining ring; 31. a third fixing ring; 32. a semicircular ring; 33. a second fixing sleeve; 34. a second test tube; 35. a second U-shaped frame; 37. a second scroll spring; 38. a third fixed shaft; 39. a fourth retaining ring; 40. a first connection block; 41. a second connecting block; 42. a limiting mechanism; 43. fixing the rod; 44. a sixth retaining ring; 45. mounting holes; 47. a limiting block; 48. a first rack; 49. a first fixing plate; 50. a first gear; 51. a second fixing plate; 52. a second gear; 53. a second rack; 54. a third gear; 55. a fourth fixed shaft; 56. a fifth fixed shaft; 57. a square groove; 58. a guide strip; 60. fixing the circular plate; 61. and a third spring.
Detailed Description
As shown in fig. 1 and 2, the centrifugal device comprises a cover plate 1, a first centrifugal mechanism 2, a second centrifugal mechanism 3, a limiting mechanism 42, a fixed shell 4, a second fixed ring 5, a first connecting block 40, a second connecting block 41, a driving ring 6, a driving gear 7, a first fixed shaft 8, a first spring 9, a centrifugal block 10, a driving shaft 11, a motor shaft 12, a second spring 13, a guide groove 14, a motor 15, an L-shaped driving block 16, a first round hole 17, a rotating shaft hole 18, a semicircular groove 19, a square groove 20, a driving rack 21, a second round hole 22 and a guide bar 23, wherein as shown in fig. 2, the end face of the motor 15 is installed on the inner end face of the fixed shell 4; as shown in fig. 9, a second circular hole 22 is formed on the end surface of the motor shaft 12; as shown in fig. 9, two guide grooves 14 are symmetrically formed on the inner circumferential surface of the second circular hole 22; as shown in fig. 8, one ends of two L-shaped driving blocks 16 are symmetrically installed on the outer circular surface of the motor shaft 12; as shown in fig. 6 and 7, the drive ring 6 has a first circular hole 17; as shown in fig. 7, the first circular hole 17 is provided with a square groove 20 on the inner circumferential surface; as shown in fig. 7, a semicircular groove 19 is formed on the inner circumferential surface of the first circular hole 17, and the semicircular groove 19 is communicated with the square groove 20; as shown in fig. 7, two end faces of the semicircular groove 19 are both provided with rotating shaft holes 18; as shown in fig. 3, the lower end face of the drive ring 6 is mounted on two L-shaped drive blocks 16; as shown in fig. 4, 8 first centrifugal mechanisms 2 are uniformly arranged on the upper end surface of the drive ring 6 in the circumferential direction, and two adjacent first centrifugal mechanisms 2 are connected through a first connecting block 40; as shown in fig. 22, two guide bars 23 are symmetrically mounted on the outer circumferential surface of the driving shaft 11; as shown in fig. 8, the driving shaft 11 is mounted on the motor shaft 12 by the engagement of the guide bar 23 with the guide groove 14; as shown in fig. 10, the second spring 13 is installed in the second circular hole 22, and one end of the second spring 13 is installed on the end face of the second circular hole 22, and the other end is installed on the end face of the driving shaft 11; as shown in fig. 4, the lower end face of the second fixed ring 5 is mounted on the end face of the drive shaft 11, and the second fixed ring 5 is located inside the drive ring 6; the upper end surface of the centrifugal block 10 is provided with external teeth, as shown in fig. 4, the centrifugal block 10 is installed in the square groove 20 through the first spring 9; as shown in fig. 2, both ends of the first fixed shaft 8 are respectively installed in the two rotating shaft holes 18; as shown in fig. 21, the driving gear 7 is mounted on the first fixed shaft 8, and the driving gear 7 is engaged with external teeth formed on the upper end surface of the centrifugal block 10; as shown in fig. 10, one end of the driving rack 21 is mounted on the lower end face of the second fixing ring 5, and the driving rack 21 drives the gear 7 to mesh; as shown in fig. 10, 8 second centrifugal mechanisms 3 are circumferentially and uniformly mounted on the upper end surface of the second fixing ring 5, and the 8 second centrifugal mechanisms 3 are matched with the corresponding first centrifugal mechanisms 2; as shown in fig. 10, two adjacent second centrifugal mechanisms 3 are connected together by a second connecting block 41; the cover plate 1 is arranged on the upper end surface of the fixed shell 4; as shown in fig. 4, 8 limiting mechanisms 42 are circumferentially and uniformly mounted on the upper end surface of the second fixing ring 5; each of the 8 limit mechanisms 42 is engaged with a corresponding second centrifugal mechanism 3.
As shown in fig. 11, the first centrifugal mechanism 2 includes a first fixing sleeve 24, a first fixing ring 25, a first scroll spring 26, a second fixing shaft 27, a first U-shaped frame 28, a first test tube 29, and a fifth fixing ring 30, as shown in fig. 3, wherein a lower end surface of the first U-shaped frame 28 is mounted on an upper end surface of the driving ring 6; as shown in fig. 13, one ends of the two second fixing shafts 27 are symmetrically installed on the outer circular surface of the first fixing sleeve 24; as shown in fig. 11, the first fastener sleeve 24 is mounted on the first U-shaped frame 28 by means of two second fixed shafts 27; as shown in fig. 13 and 18, a first spiral spring 26 is mounted at each of the two second fixed shafts 27, the inner end of the first spiral spring 26 is mounted on the outer circular surface of the second fixed shaft 27, and the outer end is mounted on the end surface of the first U-shaped frame 28; as shown in fig. 12, the fifth fixing ring 30 has an inner circumferential surface fitted on an outer circumferential surface of the upper end of the first test tube 29; as shown in fig. 12, the first fixing ring 25 is end-mounted on the upper end face of the fifth fixing ring 30; as shown in fig. 11, the first test tube 29 is mounted in the first holder 24, and the lower end surface of the fifth holder 30 is in contact engagement with the upper end surface of the first holder 24.
As shown in fig. 14 and 15, the second centrifugal mechanism 3 includes a third fixed ring 31, a semicircular ring 32, a second fixed sleeve 33, a second test tube 34, a second U-shaped frame 35, a second spiral spring 37, a third fixed shaft 38, and a fourth fixed ring 39, as shown in fig. 14, wherein the lower end surface of the second U-shaped frame 35 is mounted on the upper end surface of the second fixed ring 5; as shown in fig. 19, one ends of the two third fixing shafts 38 are symmetrically installed on the outer circumferential surface of the second fixing sleeve 33; as shown in fig. 15, the second fixing sleeve 33 is mounted on the second U-shaped frame 35 by means of two third fixing shafts 38; as shown in fig. 17 and 19, a second spiral spring 37 is mounted at each of the two third fixed shafts 38, the inner end of the second spiral spring 37 is mounted on the outer circular surface of the third fixed shaft 38, and the outer end is mounted on the end surface of the second U-shaped frame 35; as shown in fig. 16, the inner circumferential surface of the fourth fixing ring 39 is fitted over the outer circumferential surface of the upper end of the second test tube 34; the end face of the third fixing ring 31 is arranged on the upper end face of the fourth fixing ring 39; as shown in fig. 15, the second test tube 34 is mounted in the second fixing sleeve 33, and the lower end face of the fourth fixing ring 39 is in contact fit with the upper end face of the second fixing sleeve 33; as shown in fig. 16, the semicircular ring 32 is mounted on the upper end surface of the third fixing ring 31.
As shown in fig. 20, the limiting mechanism 42 includes a fixing rod 43, a sixth fixing ring 44, a mounting hole 45, a limiting block 47, a first rack 48, a first fixing plate 49, a first gear 50, a second fixing plate 51, a second gear 52, a second rack 53, a third gear 54, a fourth fixing shaft 55, a fifth fixing shaft 56, a square groove 57, a guide bar 58, a fixing circular plate 60, and a third spring 61, as shown in fig. 15, wherein one end of the limiting block is mounted on an outer circumferential surface of the third fixing ring, and the limiting block and the semicircular ring are distributed opposite to each other; as shown in fig. 5, one end of each of the four fixing rods 43 is circumferentially and uniformly installed on the inner circular surface of the fixing casing 4, and each of the four fixing rods 43 is located on the upper side of the second centrifugal mechanism 3; as shown in fig. 5, the lower end face of the fixed circular plate 60 is provided with a mounting hole 45; as shown in fig. 5, the outer circular surfaces of the fixed circular plates 60 are mounted on the end surfaces of the four fixed rods 43; as shown in fig. 4, the fixing circular plate 60 is installed in the installation hole 45; as shown in fig. 21 and 22, one end of the second rack 53 is mounted on the upper end surface of the second fixed ring 5; one end of the second fixing plate 51 is mounted on the lower end surface of the fixing circular plate 60; as shown in fig. 21, the fifth fixed shaft 56 is mounted on the second fixed plate 51; as shown in fig. 23, the second gear 52 and the third gear 54 are respectively installed at both ends of the fifth fixed shaft 56, and the second gear 52 is engaged with the second rack 53; as shown in fig. 21, first fixing plate 49 is mounted on the side of second fixing plate 51; as shown in fig. 22, the fourth fixed shaft 55 is mounted on the first fixed plate 49; the first gear 50 is mounted on a fourth fixed shaft 55; as shown in fig. 24, one end of the guide bar 58 is mounted on the lower end surface of the fixed circular plate 60; as shown in fig. 23, a square hole which is not penetrated is formed on the end surface of the first rack 48, as shown in fig. 25, the first rack 48 is mounted on the guide bar 58 by the third spring 61, and the first rack 48 is meshed with the first gear 50; as shown in fig. 21, the first rack 48 is engaged with the stopper 47; the diameter of the first gear 50 is equal to the diameter of the third gear 54; the diameter of the second gear 52 is equal to 2 times the diameter of the third gear 54; the first gear 50 has a missing tooth phenomenon within 5 degrees of the outer circular surface.
The first connecting blocks 40 are arranged on the side surfaces of two adjacent first U-shaped frames 28; the second connecting blocks 41 are mounted on the side faces of two adjacent second U-shaped frames 35; the elastic coefficient of the first scroll spring 26 is smaller than that of the second scroll spring 37; after the second test tube 34 is installed, the semicircular ring 32 installed on the second test tube 34 is distributed near one side of the first test tube 29.
The driving gear 7 is mounted on the first stationary shaft 8 by a key.
The first spring 9 is a compression spring; the second spring 13 is a compression spring.
The diameter of the outer circumferential surface of the second fixing ring 5 is equal to the diameter of the inner circumferential surface of the drive ring 6.
The solid lubricating oil is coated between the centrifugal block 10 and the square groove 20.
The first test tube 29 is equal in size to the second test tube 34.
In summary, the following steps:
the centrifuge of the invention is internally provided with double rows of test tubes, so that the single working efficiency of the centrifuge of the invention is higher compared with the traditional centrifuge; the end face of the motor 15 is arranged on the inner end face of the fixed shell 4, so that the first centrifugal mechanism 2 and the second centrifugal mechanism 3 are driven to move conveniently; the end surface of the motor shaft 12 is provided with a second round hole 22 for facilitating the movement of the driving shaft 11 in the second round hole 22; the inner circular surface of the second circular hole 22 is symmetrically provided with two guide grooves 14 for matching with a guide strip 23 arranged on the driving shaft 11, so that the driving shaft 11 is guided to move on one hand, and the driving shaft 11 can be driven to move by the motor shaft 12 on the other hand; one ends of the two L-shaped driving blocks 16 are symmetrically arranged on the outer circular surface of the motor shaft 12 and are used for driving the driving ring 6 to move; the function of the driving ring 6 with the first circular hole 17 is to facilitate the second fixed ring 5 to move up and down along its own axis in the driving ring 6; the inner circular surface of the first circular hole 17 is provided with a square groove 20 for facilitating the centrifugal block 10 to move back and forth in the square groove 20; a semicircular groove 19 is formed in the inner circular surface of the first circular hole 17, and the semicircular groove 19 is communicated with the square groove 20 to accommodate the driving gear 7, so that the centrifugal block 10 can drive the driving gear 7 to move; the two end faces of the semicircular groove 19 are respectively provided with a rotating shaft hole 18 for facilitating the installation of the first fixed shaft 8; the lower end surface of the driving ring 6 is arranged on the two L-shaped driving blocks 16, so that 8 first centrifugal mechanisms 2 are conveniently arranged; the 8 first centrifugal mechanisms 2 are circumferentially and uniformly arranged on the upper end surface of the driving ring 6, and the connection between two adjacent first centrifugal mechanisms 2 through the first connecting block 40 enables the 8 first centrifugal mechanisms 2 to move simultaneously under the action of the driving ring 6, so as to achieve the purpose of centrifuging the liquid in the first test tube 29; the driving shaft 11 is arranged on the motor shaft 12 through the matching of the guide strip 23 and the guide groove 14, and the function of the driving shaft is to drive the second fixing ring 5 to move; the second spring 13 is arranged in the second round hole 22, one end of the second spring 13 is arranged on the end surface of the second round hole 22, and the other end of the second spring 13 is arranged on the end surface of the driving shaft 11 and is used for providing restoring force for the driving shaft 11; the lower end surface of the second fixing ring 5 is arranged on the end surface of the driving shaft 11, and the second fixing ring 5 is positioned in the driving ring 6 and is used for facilitating the installation of 8 second centrifugal mechanisms 3; the upper end surface of the centrifugal block 10 is provided with external teeth, and the centrifugal block 10 is arranged in the square groove 20 through the first spring 9 and is used for conveniently capturing the rotating speed on the driving ring 6, so that the purpose of driving the driving gear 7 to move is achieved; the two ends of the first fixed shaft 8 are respectively arranged in the two rotating shaft holes 18 and are used for fixing the driving gear 7; the driving gear 7 is arranged on the first fixed shaft 8, and the driving gear 7 is meshed with external teeth arranged on the upper end surface of the centrifugal block 10 and is used for transmitting the motion on the centrifugal block 10 to the driving rack 21; one end of the driving rack 21 is arranged on the lower end face of the second fixing ring 5, and the driving rack 21 drives the gear 7 to mesh so as to drive the second fixing ring 5 to move; the 8 second centrifugal mechanisms 3 are uniformly arranged on the upper end face of the second fixing ring 5 in the circumferential direction, and the 8 second centrifugal mechanisms 3 and the corresponding first centrifugal mechanisms 2 are matched to enable the test tube centrifuge to arrange double rows of test tubes, so that the centrifuge can centrifuge more liquid in the test tubes at one time, and the use efficiency of the centrifuge is improved; the connection between two adjacent second centrifugal mechanisms 3 through the second connecting block 41 has the function of enabling 8 second centrifugal mechanisms 3 to keep the same motion state; the cover plate 1 is arranged on the upper end surface of the fixed shell 4 and has the function of enabling the centrifugal machine to form a closed space; the 8 limiting mechanisms 42 are circumferentially and uniformly arranged on the upper end surface of the second fixing ring 5; the function of each 8 limiting mechanisms 42 in cooperation with the corresponding second centrifugal mechanism 3 is to limit the movement of the second test tube 34, so that the second test tube 34 is subjected to centrifugal force after the first test tube 29 moves for a certain angle, and then starts to perform centrifugal movement.
The first centrifugation means 2 according to the invention serve the purpose of facilitating the mounting of the first test tube 29 for the purpose of centrifuging the liquid in the first test tube 29; the lower end face of the first U-shaped frame 28 mounted on the upper end face of the drive ring 6 is used to cooperate with the second fixed shaft 27 mounted on the first fixed sleeve 24, thus achieving the purpose of fixing the first fixed sleeve 24; the first fixing sleeve 24 is mounted on the first U-shaped frame 28 by means of two second fixing shafts 27 and serves to facilitate the mounting of a first test tube 29; the first scroll springs 26 are mounted on the two second fixed shafts 27, the inner ends of the first scroll springs 26 are mounted on the outer circular surfaces of the second fixed shafts 27, the outer ends of the first scroll springs 26 are mounted on the end surface of the first U-shaped frame 28 and are used for controlling the movement of the first test tube 29, when the motor 15 drives the first U-shaped frame 28 to move, and when the first test tube 29 is subjected to a certain centrifugal force to overcome the acting force of the first scroll springs 26, the first test tube 29 can move around the second fixed shafts 27; the fitting of the inner circumferential surface of the fifth fixing ring 30 on the outer circumferential surface of the upper end of the first test tube 29 serves to facilitate the fitting of the first test tube 29 to the first fixing hub 24.
The second centrifugal mechanism 3 is used for increasing the number of test tubes which can be arranged in the centrifugal machine, so that the centrifugal machine can centrifuge more liquid at one time, and the aim of improving the working efficiency of the centrifugal machine is fulfilled; the lower end surface of the second U-shaped frame 35 is arranged on the upper end surface of the second fixing ring 5 and is used for matching with a third fixing shaft 38 arranged on the second fixing sleeve 33, so that the purpose of fixing the second fixing sleeve 33 is achieved; the second fixing sleeve 33 is mounted on the second U-shaped frame 35 by means of two third fixing shafts 38 and serves to facilitate the mounting of the second test tube 34; the two third fixed shafts 38 are respectively provided with a second scroll spring 37, the inner end of each second scroll spring 37 is arranged on the outer circular surface of each third fixed shaft 38, the outer end of each second scroll spring 37 is arranged on the end surface of the second U-shaped frame 35 and is used for controlling the movement of the second test tube 34, and when the motor 15 drives the second U-shaped frame 35 to move, the second test tube 34 can move around the third fixed shafts 38 when the second test tube 34 is subjected to a certain centrifugal force to overcome the acting force of the second scroll springs 37; the inner circular surface of the fourth fixing ring 39 is mounted on the outer circular surface of the upper end of the second test tube 34 to limit the movement of the second test tube 34 along the axis of the second fixing sleeve 33; the second test tube 34 is arranged in the second fixing sleeve 33, and the contact and matching effect of the lower end surface of the fourth fixing ring 39 and the upper end surface of the second fixing sleeve 33 is convenient for containing liquid needing centrifugation; the end face of the semicircular ring 32 is mounted on the upper end face of the third fixing ring 31, so that the second test tube 34 can move around the third fixing shaft 38 at a higher speed by the motor 15, and the liquid in the second test tube 34 is very easy to spill out, so that the semicircular ring 32 is used for preventing the liquid in the second test tube 34 from flowing out; the effect of the elastic coefficient of the first scroll spring 26 being smaller than that of the second scroll spring 37 is that the first test tube 29 can move around the second fixed shaft 27 by the centrifugal force, and as the rotation speed of the motor 15 increases, the centrifugal force applied to the second test tube 34 will become larger, and then the second test tube 34 can move around the third fixed shaft 38; after the second test tube 34 is installed, the semicircular ring 32 installed on the second test tube 34 is distributed at the side close to the first test tube 29 for preventing the liquid in the inclined second test tube 34 from flowing out of the second test tube 34 when the liquid is subjected to centrifugal force, and the diameter of the outer circular surface of the second fixing ring 5 is equal to that of the inner circular surface of the driving ring 6 for facilitating the movement of the second fixing ring 5 along the axis of the second fixing ring 5; the solid lubricating oil is coated between the centrifugal block 10 and the square groove 20 to facilitate the centrifugal block 10 to better move along the square groove 20; the size of the first tube 29 is equal to the size of the second tube 34 in order to keep the same volume of liquid in the first tube 29 and the second tube 34.
The limiting mechanism 42 of the present invention is used for limiting the centrifugal movement of the second test tube 34 within a certain condition; one end of the limiting block is arranged on the outer circular surface of the third fixing ring, and the limiting block and the semicircular ring are distributed oppositely so as to facilitate the first rack 48 to limit the second test tube 34; one ends of the four fixing rods 43 are uniformly arranged on the inner circular surface of the fixing shell 4 in the circumferential direction, so that the fixing circular plate 60 is convenient to install; the lower end face of the fixed circular plate 60 is provided with a mounting hole 45 for facilitating the mounting of the fixed circular plate 60; the fixing circular plate 60 is arranged in the mounting hole 45, so that the guide strip 58 and the second fixing plate 51 can be conveniently mounted, and meanwhile, the second fixing ring 5 cannot be influenced to drive the guide strip 58 and the second fixing plate 51 to rotate around the axis of the second fixing ring; the second rack 53 is mounted on the upper end surface of the second fixed ring 5 at one end and functions to transmit the motion of the second fixed ring 5 to the second gear 52; one end of the second fixing plate 51 is mounted on the lower end surface of the fixing circular plate 60 to fix the fifth fixing shaft 56; the fifth fixed shaft 56 is mounted on the second fixed plate 51 to facilitate mounting of the second gear 52 and the third gear 54; the second gear 52 and the third gear 54 are respectively arranged at two ends of a fifth fixed shaft 56, and the second gear 52 is meshed with the second rack 53 to transmit the motion of the second gear 52 to the first rack 48; the side of the first fixing plate 49 mounted on the side of the second fixing plate 51 is used for mounting the fourth fixing shaft 55; the fourth fixed shaft 55 is mounted on the first fixed plate 49 for fixing the first gear 50; the first gear 50 is mounted on the fourth fixed shaft 55 for driving the first rack 48 along the guide bar 58; one end of the guide bar 58 is mounted on the lower end surface of the fixed circular plate 60 to guide the first rack 48 to move; a square hole which is not communicated is formed in the end face of the first rack 48, the first rack 48 is mounted on the guide strip 58 through a third spring 61, and the first rack 48 is meshed with the first gear 50 to be matched with the limiting block 47, so that the purpose of limiting the centrifugal motion of the second test tube 34 is achieved; the effect that first gear 50 has the phenomenon of missing tooth within the 5 degrees scope of excircle face is, when first gear 50 was when moving 355 degrees, first rack 48 and stopper 47 at this moment will not contact, and second test tube 34 will receive the effect of centrifugal force, begins to do centrifugal motion, does not have the limiting action of first gear 50, so first rack 48 at this moment will be under the effect of third spring 61 and resume to original position fast.
In a specific embodiment, as shown in fig. 26a, the first test tube 29 and the second test tube 34 are filled with the liquid to be centrifuged; the moving motor shaft 12 will drive the L-shaped driving block 16 to move, the moving L-shaped driving block 16 will drive the driving ring 6 to move, the driving ring 6 will drive the first U-shaped frame 28 to move, the first U-shaped frame 28 will drive the first fixing sleeve 24 to move through the second fixing shaft 27, the first fixing sleeve 24 will drive the first test tube 29 to move, when the first test tube 29 is subjected to a certain centrifugal force, the first test tube 29 will move around the second fixing shaft 27 at this time, so that the liquid in the first test tube 29 achieves the centrifugal purpose; at this time, the rotation speed of the motor 15 is continuously increased, the motor shaft 12 will drive the guide bar 23 to move, the guide bar 23 will drive the drive shaft 11 of the drive shaft 11 to move and will drive the second fixing ring 5 to move, the second fixing ring 5 will drive the second U-shaped frame 35 to move, the second U-shaped frame 35 will drive the second fixing sleeve 33 to move through the second fixing shaft 27, the second fixing sleeve 33 will drive the second test tube 34 to move, as shown in fig. 26b, since the first rack 48 is in contact with the stopper 47 at this time, the second test tube 34 will not move centrifugally; when the driving ring 6 moves, the centrifugal block 10 will be driven to move, the moving centrifugal block 10 will drive the driving gear 7 to move, the driving gear 7 will drive the driving rack 21 to move, the driving rack 21 at this time will drive the second fixing ring 5 to move downward along its own axis, and the second fixing ring 5 will also move downward along its own axis by a certain distance S during the rotation process around its own axis, as shown in fig. 26 b; the moving second fixing ring 5 will drive the second rack 53 to move by S, the moving second rack 53 will drive the second gear 52 to move, the second gear 52 will drive the fifth fixing shaft 56 to move, the fifth fixing shaft 56 will drive the third gear 54 to move, the third gear 54 will drive the first gear 50 to move, the first gear 50 will drive the first rack 48 to move, since the diameter of the first gear 50 is equal to the diameter of the third gear 54; the diameter of the second gear 52 is equal to 2 times the diameter of the third gear 54; as shown in fig. 26b, the first rack 48 will now move a distance of S/2; as shown in fig. 26c and 26d, when the first rack 48 is not in contact with the stopper 47, the second test tube 34 will perform a centrifugal motion; the first test tube 29 and the second test tube 34 will be tilted simultaneously; the first rack 48 will return quickly due to the missing teeth of the first gear 50 under the action of the third spring 61, and the phenomenon that the returned second test tube 34 collides with the first rack 48 is prevented; meanwhile, since the elastic coefficient of the first scroll spring 26 is smaller than that of the second scroll spring 37, the second test tube 34 will lag behind and move around the third fixed shaft 38 with the first test tube 29, as shown in fig. 26e, so that on one hand, the first test tube 29 and the second test tube 34 are subjected to centrifugal force to centrifuge the liquid therein, and on the other hand, the first test tube 29 and the second test tube 34 will not collide with each other, as shown in fig. 26f, after the centrifugation of the first test tube 29 and the second test tube 34 is completed, the first test tube 29 and the second test tube will return to the original positions under the action of gravity, the first scroll spring 26 and the second scroll spring 37; thereby achieving the purpose of improving the working efficiency of the centrifuge.
Claims (6)
1. The utility model provides a double test tube automatically regulated centrifuge based on gear drive which characterized in that: the centrifugal device comprises a cover plate, a first centrifugal mechanism, a second centrifugal mechanism, a limiting mechanism, a fixed shell, a second fixed ring, a first connecting block, a second connecting block, a driving ring, a driving gear, a first fixed shaft, a first spring, a centrifugal block, a driving shaft, a motor shaft, a second spring, a guide groove, a motor, an L-shaped driving block, a first round hole, a rotating shaft hole, a semicircular groove, a square groove, a driving rack, a second round hole and a guide strip, wherein the end face of the motor is arranged on the inner end face of the fixed shell; a second round hole is formed in the end face of the motor shaft; two guide grooves are symmetrically formed in the inner circular surface of the second circular hole; one ends of the two L-shaped driving blocks are symmetrically arranged on the outer circular surface of the motor shaft; the driving ring is provided with a first round hole; a square groove is formed in the inner circular surface of the first circular hole; a semicircular groove is formed in the inner circular surface of the first circular hole and communicated with the square groove; rotating shaft holes are formed in two end faces of the semicircular groove; the lower end surface of the driving ring is arranged on two L-shaped driving blocks; the 8 first centrifugal mechanisms are uniformly arranged on the upper end surface of the driving ring in the circumferential direction, and two adjacent first centrifugal mechanisms are connected through a first connecting block; two guide bars are symmetrically arranged on the outer circular surface of the driving shaft; the driving shaft is arranged on the motor shaft through the matching of the guide bar and the guide groove; the second spring is arranged in the second round hole, one end of the second spring is arranged on the end face of the second round hole, and the other end of the second spring is arranged on the end face of the driving shaft; the lower end face of the second fixing ring is arranged on the end face of the driving shaft, and the second fixing ring is positioned in the driving ring; the upper end surface of the centrifugal block is provided with external teeth, and the centrifugal block is arranged in the square groove through a first spring; two ends of the first fixed shaft are respectively arranged in the two rotating shaft holes; the driving gear is arranged on the first fixed shaft and is meshed with external teeth arranged on the upper end surface of the centrifugal block; one end of the driving rack is arranged on the lower end face of the second fixing ring, and the driving rack drives the gear to mesh; the 8 second centrifugal mechanisms are uniformly arranged on the upper end face of the second fixing ring in the circumferential direction, and the 8 second centrifugal mechanisms are matched with the corresponding first centrifugal mechanisms; two adjacent second centrifugal mechanisms are connected together through a second connecting block; the cover plate is arranged on the upper end surface of the fixed shell; the 8 limiting mechanisms are uniformly arranged on the upper end surface of the second fixing ring in the circumferential direction; each 8 limiting mechanisms are matched with the corresponding second centrifugal mechanisms;
the first centrifugal mechanism comprises a first fixed sleeve, a first fixed ring, a first volute spring, a second fixed shaft, a first U-shaped frame, a first test tube and a fifth fixed ring, wherein the lower end face of the first U-shaped frame is arranged on the upper end face of the driving ring; one ends of the two second fixed shafts are symmetrically arranged on the outer circular surface of the first fixed sleeve; the first fixing sleeve is arranged on the first U-shaped frame through two second fixing shafts; the first scroll springs are arranged at the two second fixed shafts, the inner ends of the first scroll springs are arranged on the outer circular surfaces of the second fixed shafts, and the outer ends of the first scroll springs are arranged on the end surface of the first U-shaped frame; the inner circular surface of the fifth fixing ring is arranged on the outer circular surface of the upper end of the first test tube; the end face of the first fixing ring is arranged on the upper end face of the fifth fixing ring; the first test tube is arranged in the first fixing sleeve, and the lower end face of the fifth fixing ring is in contact fit with the upper end face of the first fixing sleeve;
the second centrifugal mechanism comprises a third fixing ring, a semicircular ring, a second fixing sleeve, a second test tube, a second U-shaped frame, a second volute spring, a third fixing shaft and a fourth fixing ring, wherein the lower end face of the second U-shaped frame is arranged on the upper end face of the second fixing ring; one ends of the two third fixed shafts are symmetrically arranged on the outer circular surface of the second fixed sleeve; the second fixing sleeve is arranged on the second U-shaped frame through two third fixing shafts; second scroll springs are arranged at the two third fixed shafts, the inner ends of the second scroll springs are arranged on the outer circular surfaces of the third fixed shafts, and the outer ends of the second scroll springs are arranged on the end surfaces of the second U-shaped frames; the inner circular surface of the fourth fixing ring is arranged on the outer circular surface of the upper end of the second test tube; the end face of the third fixing ring is arranged on the upper end face of the fourth fixing ring; the second test tube is arranged in the second fixing sleeve, and the lower end face of the fourth fixing ring is in contact fit with the upper end face of the second fixing sleeve; the end face of the semicircular ring is arranged on the upper end face of the third fixing ring;
the limiting mechanism comprises a fixing rod, a sixth fixing ring, a mounting hole, a limiting block, a first rack, a first fixing plate, a first gear, a second fixing plate, a second gear, a second rack, a third gear, a fourth fixing shaft, a fifth fixing shaft, a square groove, a guide strip, a fixing circular plate and a third spring, wherein one end of the limiting block is mounted on the outer circular surface of the third fixing ring, and the limiting block and the semicircular ring are distributed oppositely; one ends of the four fixing rods are uniformly arranged on the inner circular surface of the fixing shell in the circumferential direction, and the four fixing rods are all positioned on the upper side of the second centrifugal mechanism; the lower end face of the fixed circular plate is provided with a mounting hole; the outer circular surfaces of the fixed circular plates are arranged on the end surfaces of the four fixed rods; the fixed circular plate is arranged in the mounting hole; one end of the second rack is arranged on the upper end surface of the second fixing ring; one end of the second fixing plate is arranged on the lower end face of the fixing circular plate; the fifth fixed shaft is arranged on the second fixed plate; the second gear and the third gear are respectively arranged at two ends of the fifth fixed shaft and are meshed with the second rack; the side surface of the first fixing plate is arranged on the side surface of the second fixing plate; the fourth fixed shaft is arranged on the first fixed plate; the first gear is arranged on the fourth fixed shaft; one end of the guide strip is arranged on the lower end face of the fixed circular plate; a square hole which is not communicated is formed in the end face of the first rack, the first rack is installed on the guide strip through a third spring, and the first rack is meshed with the first gear; the first rack is matched with the limiting block; the diameter of the first gear is equal to the diameter of the third gear; the diameter of the second gear is equal to 2 times the diameter of the third gear; the first gear has a tooth missing phenomenon within 5 degrees of the outer circular surface;
the first connecting blocks are arranged on the side surfaces of two adjacent first U-shaped frames; the second connecting blocks are arranged on the side surfaces of two adjacent second U-shaped frames; the elastic coefficient of the first scroll spring is smaller than that of the second scroll spring; after the second test tube installation was accomplished, the semicircle ring of installing on the second test tube was close to first test tube one side and distributes.
2. The gear-drive-based double-row test tube automatic adjusting centrifuge as claimed in claim 1, wherein: the driving gear is mounted on the first fixed shaft through a key.
3. The gear-drive-based double-row test tube automatic adjusting centrifuge as claimed in claim 1, wherein: the first spring is a compression spring; the second spring is a compression spring.
4. The gear-drive-based double-row test tube automatic adjusting centrifuge as claimed in claim 3, wherein: the diameter of the outer circular surface of the second fixing ring is equal to that of the inner circular surface of the driving ring.
5. The gear-drive-based double-row test tube automatic adjusting centrifuge as claimed in claim 1, wherein: solid lubricating oil is coated between the centrifugal block and the square groove.
6. The gear-drive-based double-row test tube automatic adjusting centrifuge as claimed in claim 1, wherein: the size of the first test tube is equal to that of the second test tube.
Priority Applications (2)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN201711418261.5A CN108187919B (en) | 2017-12-25 | 2017-12-25 | Double test tube automatically regulated centrifuge based on gear drive |
| CN202010509179.9A CN112024135A (en) | 2017-12-25 | 2017-12-25 | Double-row test tube centrifugation method |
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| CN201711418261.5A CN108187919B (en) | 2017-12-25 | 2017-12-25 | Double test tube automatically regulated centrifuge based on gear drive |
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| CN202010509179.9A Division CN112024135A (en) | 2017-12-25 | 2017-12-25 | Double-row test tube centrifugation method |
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| CN108187919A CN108187919A (en) | 2018-06-22 |
| CN108187919B true CN108187919B (en) | 2020-11-20 |
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| CN201711418261.5A Active CN108187919B (en) | 2017-12-25 | 2017-12-25 | Double test tube automatically regulated centrifuge based on gear drive |
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| CN112691794B (en) * | 2021-03-24 | 2021-06-18 | 广州赛太特生物医学科技有限公司 | Cell centrifuge for gene detection |
| CN113210144B (en) * | 2021-05-17 | 2021-12-24 | 深圳市第二人民医院(深圳市转化医学研究院) | Multi-sample ultracentrifuge for exosome separation |
Citations (4)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN101623675A (en) * | 2008-07-08 | 2010-01-13 | 热电子Led有限公司 | Swing-out unit for a centrifuge |
| DE202014007584U1 (en) * | 2014-09-23 | 2016-01-07 | Eppendorf Ag | Centrifuge, rotor, sample container, sample holder and indicator |
| JP2016187781A (en) * | 2015-03-30 | 2016-11-04 | トミー工業株式会社 | Centrifugal separator |
| JP2017064596A (en) * | 2015-09-29 | 2017-04-06 | 株式会社久保田製作所 | Tube rack of centrifugal separator |
-
2017
- 2017-12-25 CN CN202010509179.9A patent/CN112024135A/en not_active Withdrawn
- 2017-12-25 CN CN201711418261.5A patent/CN108187919B/en active Active
Patent Citations (4)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN101623675A (en) * | 2008-07-08 | 2010-01-13 | 热电子Led有限公司 | Swing-out unit for a centrifuge |
| DE202014007584U1 (en) * | 2014-09-23 | 2016-01-07 | Eppendorf Ag | Centrifuge, rotor, sample container, sample holder and indicator |
| JP2016187781A (en) * | 2015-03-30 | 2016-11-04 | トミー工業株式会社 | Centrifugal separator |
| JP2017064596A (en) * | 2015-09-29 | 2017-04-06 | 株式会社久保田製作所 | Tube rack of centrifugal separator |
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| CN112024135A (en) | 2020-12-04 |
| CN108187919A (en) | 2018-06-22 |
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