CN108187448B - High-concentration-ratio high-temperature-resistant light organic waste gas concentration device and method - Google Patents
High-concentration-ratio high-temperature-resistant light organic waste gas concentration device and method Download PDFInfo
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- CN108187448B CN108187448B CN201810163930.7A CN201810163930A CN108187448B CN 108187448 B CN108187448 B CN 108187448B CN 201810163930 A CN201810163930 A CN 201810163930A CN 108187448 B CN108187448 B CN 108187448B
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- 239000002912 waste gas Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 70
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- URGAHOPLAPQHLN-UHFFFAOYSA-N sodium aluminosilicate Chemical compound [Na+].[Al+3].[O-][Si]([O-])=O.[O-][Si]([O-])=O URGAHOPLAPQHLN-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 9
- XAGFODPZIPBFFR-UHFFFAOYSA-N aluminium Chemical compound [Al] XAGFODPZIPBFFR-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 8
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- HNPSIPDUKPIQMN-UHFFFAOYSA-N dioxosilane;oxo(oxoalumanyloxy)alumane Chemical compound O=[Si]=O.O=[Al]O[Al]=O HNPSIPDUKPIQMN-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 4
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Classifications
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B01—PHYSICAL OR CHEMICAL PROCESSES OR APPARATUS IN GENERAL
- B01D—SEPARATION
- B01D53/00—Separation of gases or vapours; Recovering vapours of volatile solvents from gases; Chemical or biological purification of waste gases, e.g. engine exhaust gases, smoke, fumes, flue gases, aerosols
- B01D53/02—Separation of gases or vapours; Recovering vapours of volatile solvents from gases; Chemical or biological purification of waste gases, e.g. engine exhaust gases, smoke, fumes, flue gases, aerosols by adsorption, e.g. preparative gas chromatography
- B01D53/06—Separation of gases or vapours; Recovering vapours of volatile solvents from gases; Chemical or biological purification of waste gases, e.g. engine exhaust gases, smoke, fumes, flue gases, aerosols by adsorption, e.g. preparative gas chromatography with moving adsorbents, e.g. rotating beds
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B01—PHYSICAL OR CHEMICAL PROCESSES OR APPARATUS IN GENERAL
- B01D—SEPARATION
- B01D2253/00—Adsorbents used in seperation treatment of gases and vapours
- B01D2253/10—Inorganic adsorbents
- B01D2253/104—Alumina
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B01—PHYSICAL OR CHEMICAL PROCESSES OR APPARATUS IN GENERAL
- B01D—SEPARATION
- B01D2253/00—Adsorbents used in seperation treatment of gases and vapours
- B01D2253/10—Inorganic adsorbents
- B01D2253/106—Silica or silicates
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B01—PHYSICAL OR CHEMICAL PROCESSES OR APPARATUS IN GENERAL
- B01D—SEPARATION
- B01D2253/00—Adsorbents used in seperation treatment of gases and vapours
- B01D2253/10—Inorganic adsorbents
- B01D2253/106—Silica or silicates
- B01D2253/108—Zeolites
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B01—PHYSICAL OR CHEMICAL PROCESSES OR APPARATUS IN GENERAL
- B01D—SEPARATION
- B01D2257/00—Components to be removed
- B01D2257/70—Organic compounds not provided for in groups B01D2257/00 - B01D2257/602
- B01D2257/708—Volatile organic compounds V.O.C.'s
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B01—PHYSICAL OR CHEMICAL PROCESSES OR APPARATUS IN GENERAL
- B01D—SEPARATION
- B01D2259/00—Type of treatment
- B01D2259/40—Further details for adsorption processes and devices
- B01D2259/40083—Regeneration of adsorbents in processes other than pressure or temperature swing adsorption
- B01D2259/40088—Regeneration of adsorbents in processes other than pressure or temperature swing adsorption by heating
- B01D2259/4009—Regeneration of adsorbents in processes other than pressure or temperature swing adsorption by heating using hot gas
Abstract
The invention relates to volatile organic waste gas treatment equipment, and aims to provide a high-concentration-ratio high-temperature-resistant light organic waste gas concentration device and method. The hollow shell of the device is divided into an upper adsorption cavity and a lower exhaust gas collection cavity by a transverse partition plate, and the upper adsorption cavity and the lower exhaust gas collection cavity are not communicated with each other; a plurality of core body assemblies of cylindrical structures consisting of a plurality of adsorption blocks are arranged in the shell; the vertical partition plates and the outer walls of the core assemblies form a desorption cavity together, and the core channels are provided with the vertical partition plates to divide the core channels into an exhaust gas channel and a concentrated waste gas channel; the baffle is fixed setting, and is elastic sealing contact with the surface of core assembly, can separate both sides gas and avoid the circulation each other when keeping the free rotation of core assembly. The invention can increase the number of the core assemblies according to the designed desorption capability requirement, improves the modification flexibility of the device, ensures the adsorption capability of the desorbed adsorption block with minimum cost, and can greatly prolong the effective service life of the adsorption block.
Description
Technical Field
The invention relates to the field of volatile organic waste gas treatment, in particular to a high-concentration-ratio high-temperature-resistant light organic waste gas concentration device and method.
Background
With the progress of the social economy of China, the atmospheric pollution situation is increasingly serious. In order to meet the increasing requirements of people for good life, the national related departments bring a series of environmental protection policies, and the comprehensive treatment engineering of volatile organic compounds of key areas and key enterprises is implemented in each place successively. The method takes industries such as petrochemical industry, chemical industry, coating, packaging and printing as important points, and implements the whole process prevention and treatment measures of volatile organic compounds. The project of new, reconstruction and extension emission of volatile organic compounds must be constructed according to the principles of 'first-class design, first-class equipment, first-class pollution control and first-class management', and the emission standard of related atmospheric pollutants is strictly executed, so that the double standards of organized and unorganized emission are realized. Active source reduction substitution in the newly added VOC emission execution area. For example, the reduction amount of the required volatile organic compounds in the automobile coating industry reaches 90%, and the emission standard of the coating industry is more and more severe. At present, waste gas treatment in China gradually changes from medium-high concentration to medium-low concentration, even ultralow concentration organic waste gas treatment, so that more effective treatment technology is required to treat low-concentration and large-air-volume organic waste gas.
At present, the treatment technology of the organic waste gas with low concentration and large air quantity mainly comprises active carbon adsorption concentration and rotating wheel adsorption concentration. The activated carbon adsorption concentration has the advantages of large adsorption capacity, low input cost and the like. Meanwhile, the method has the defects of low desorption efficiency, low tolerance temperature, periodic replacement and the like. Chinese patent CN201997227U proposes an energy-saving adsorption and desorption combination system, which utilizes a hollow structure to reduce heat loss and improve the desorption efficiency of the activated carbon bed to a certain extent. However, the scheme still has the defects of poor safety and periodic replacement.
The rotary wheel adsorption concentration technology can realize continuous adsorption regeneration through continuous rotation of the rotary wheel core body; because the core body material adopts molecular sieve, high temperature resistance and desorption efficiency are improved. Chinese patent CN201361513Y provides a rotary-type organic waste gas adsorption and desorption device, in which the adsorption layer alternately performs two steps of adsorption and desorption during rotation, so that the working efficiency is improved; the adsorbent layer is continuously updated, and the adsorption quantity is correspondingly improved. However, due to the unique shape structure of the rotating wheel, the disassembly, assembly and replacement are inconvenient, the gas treatment area is limited, the concentration multiple can only reach 5-20 times, the concentration of the lowest treatment pollutant is 200ppm, and the treatment capacity of the lower concentration waste gas is limited. Chinese patent CN202700317U proposes a split-chamber off-line desorption molecular sieve cartridge adsorption apparatus, which utilizes the high temperature resistant property of molecular sieve to desorb high boiling point organic pollutants at high temperature, and the multiple molecular sieve cartridges increase the treatment area of waste gas treatment, and can effectively increase the concentration multiple thereof. The device has certain competitive advantage in the aspect of treating large air quantity and low concentration organic waste gas. However, the device adopts the combination form of the inner and outer cylinders of the steel sieve and the molecular sieve, so that the weight of equipment is greatly increased, in addition, the device can only carry out off-line desorption, and compared with a continuous on-line desorption mode, the utilization rate of the molecular sieve filter cylinder is reduced, and the occupation rate of a field is increased. Chinese patent CN201534043U provides a rotary adsorption-desorption integrated organic waste gas treatment device, adopts the form of rotating activated carbon adsorption cylinder, realizes continuous adsorption-desorption operation, has improved exhaust gas treatment ability, and area is little. Because the single adsorption cylinder has poor structural flexibility and has the defects of active carbon, the larger the consumption is when the adsorption material is filled along with the increase of the diameter of the cylindrical structure, the turbulence of the gas flow state tends to be caused, and the adsorption purification efficiency is not improved; the adsorption cylinder has the advantages of greatly increased weight, gradually increased driving load, increased energy consumption and the like, so that the application is limited. In addition, the technical scheme also has the problems that the adsorption material cannot be cooled when the high-temperature desorption gas is adopted to ensure the adsorption capacity after desorption, and the desorption gas channel is arranged inside the cylindrical structure, so that the addition of desorption treatment objects cannot be met, and the like.
Disclosure of Invention
The invention aims to solve the technical problem of overcoming the defects in the prior art and providing a high-concentration-ratio high-temperature-resistant light organic waste gas concentration device and a method.
In order to solve the technical problems, the invention adopts the following solutions:
providing a high concentration ratio high temperature resistant light organic waste gas concentration device, comprising a hollow shell; the inner cavity of the shell is divided into an upper adsorption cavity and a lower exhaust gas collection cavity by a transverse partition plate, and the upper adsorption cavity and the lower exhaust gas collection cavity are not communicated with each other; an exhaust gas inlet is formed in the wall of the adsorption cavity, and an exhaust gas outlet is formed in the wall of the exhaust gas collecting cavity; 2-6 core assemblies are arranged in the shell, each core assembly comprises an upper core and a lower core which are respectively positioned in the adsorption cavity and the exhaust gas collection cavity, each core is of a cylindrical structure consisting of a plurality of adsorption blocks, and the bottom of each core is arranged on the turntable; the upper core body and the lower core body are vertically arranged and are connected through two opposite end surfaces, the inner cavities of the upper core body and the lower core body are mutually communicated to form a core body channel, and the bottom end of the core body channel is closed; the driving mechanism is connected with the turntable at the bottom of the core body and can drive the core body to rotate around the vertical central axis by driving the turntable to rotate;
the fixed vertical partition plates and the outer walls of the core assemblies form a desorption cavity together, the desorption cavity is equal in height with the core assemblies, the bottom ends of the desorption cavity are closed, and the top ends of the desorption cavity are connected to a hot air inlet arranged at the upper part of the shell through pipelines; a vertical partition plate is arranged in the core body channel to divide the core body channel into an exhaust gas channel and a concentrated waste gas channel; the upper half part of the exhaust gas channel is correspondingly arranged with the adsorption cavity, the lower half part is correspondingly arranged with the exhaust gas collecting cavity, and the concentrated exhaust gas channel is correspondingly arranged with the desorption cavity; the partition plates used for forming the desorption cavity and the partition plates positioned in the core body channels are fixedly arranged and are in elastic sealing contact with the surface of the core body assembly, so that the free rotation of the core body assembly is kept, and meanwhile, the gas at two sides can be blocked from flowing mutually; the top end of the exhaust gas channel is closed, and the top end of the concentrated waste gas channel is connected to a concentrated waste gas outlet arranged at the upper part of the shell.
In the invention, a fixed vertical baffle plate is also arranged in the concentrated waste gas channel, one side of the baffle plate is in elastic sealing contact with the surface of the core body assembly, and the concentrated waste gas channel is divided into two connected interval parts, and the air leakage rate is less than or equal to 5%; wherein, in the concentrated waste gas channel of the upper core body, one interval part is arranged corresponding to the desorption cavity and is used as a desorption area, and the other interval part is arranged corresponding to the adsorption cavity and is used as a cooling area; in the concentrated exhaust gas channel of the lower core, both of the two spacing portions are arranged in correspondence with the desorption chambers.
In the invention, a concentrated waste gas collecting cavity is arranged at the upper part of the inner cavity of the shell, and the concentrated waste gas outlet is positioned on the wall of the concentrated waste gas collecting cavity.
In the invention, a turntable is arranged at the bottom of an inner cavity of a shell, a lower core body is arranged on the turntable in a rotating way, and an upper core body is arranged at the upper part of the lower core body; the driving mechanism comprises a speed reducing motor and a chain, and the speed reducing motor drives the rotary table at the bottom of the core body to rotate the whole core body assembly through the chain; wherein the rotating speed of the speed reducing motor is 8-50 r/h, and the transmission ratio of the chain is 150-900.
In the invention, each partition plate is composed of a double-layer steel plate or aluminum profile, and the hollow part inside the partition plate is filled with heat insulation materials.
In the invention, the core body is a cylindrical structure formed by stacking a plurality of adsorption blocks in sequence, the cross section of each adsorption block is in a trapezoid shape or a sector ring shape, the main body is made of heat-resistant fiber base paper adsorbed with zeolite molecular sieve, silica gel or alumina sol, and the adsorption blocks are stacked in a corrugated shape; the periphery of the sealing rubber is fixed by an angular aluminum profile and is sealed by sealing rubber; the length A of the lower bottom edge and the length B of the upper bottom edge of the adsorption block are 1:1-2, the height C and the length B of the upper bottom edge are 1:1-2, and the tolerance temperature is 80-500 DEG CThe volume weight of the single adsorption block is 60-120 kg/m 3 。
The invention further provides an organic waste gas concentration method based on the device, which comprises the following steps: starting a driving mechanism to drive the upper core and the lower core of the core assembly to rotate simultaneously; introducing waste gas to be treated into the adsorption cavity from a waste gas inlet, and enabling the waste gas to reach the lower core body through a discharge gas channel after being adsorbed by the upper core body; then the waste gas enters the waste gas collecting cavity after being adsorbed by the lower core body, and is discharged out of the device through the waste gas outlet; introducing 80-300 ℃ hot air into the desorption cavity from the hot air inlet, so that the adsorption block adsorbed with the organic waste is purged by the hot air when rotating to a position corresponding to the desorption cavity; and the desorbed organic waste gas enters the concentrated waste gas channel and is discharged out of the device through a concentrated waste gas outlet. If the device is applied to the air volume of 10000-300000 m 3 And/h, the concentration of the pollutant is 150-800 mg/m 3 In the organic waste gas treatment engineering, the concentration multiple is 10-50 times.
In the invention, after the adsorption block in the upper core body is purged by hot air, the adsorption block continuously rotates to a position corresponding to the cooling area, and is purged by waste gas in the adsorption cavity to cool the adsorption block; the cooled and purged waste gas enters the concentrated waste gas channel and is discharged out of the device through a concentrated waste gas outlet.
For the case that the adsorption regeneration effect is reduced due to long-term use, the invention further provides the off-line regeneration steps: dismantling the adsorption block in the core body, putting the core body into a kiln at 500 ℃ for roasting, removing adhered high-boiling-point organic pollutants, and recovering the adsorption performance of the adsorption block by releasing adsorption sites on the adsorption block; after the roasting is finished, the adsorption block is reassembled and put into use.
Compared with the prior art, the invention has the beneficial effects that:
(1) The core component in the device adopts the high-temperature resistant and light fiber paper carrier, and the adsorption materials such as zeolite, silica gel, alumina sol and the like also have good high-temperature stability, so that the temperature resistance of the concentrating device is effectively improved, and the volume weight of the device is reduced.
(2) According to the invention, the fixed vertical partition plates and the outer walls of the core assemblies form the desorption cavity together, so that the number of the core assemblies can be increased according to the designed desorption capacity requirement, and the device refitting flexibility is greatly improved. The multiple partition boards can form the available desorption cavity of the multi-core assembly, so that the cost is greatly reduced.
(3) The invention sets a cooling area in the concentrated waste gas channel of the upper core body, and cools the adsorption block by the waste gas purging introduced into the adsorption cavity; the adsorption capacity of the adsorption block after desorption is ensured at the minimum cost, and the effective service life of the adsorption block can be greatly prolonged.
(4) The adsorption block of the device adopts an upper and lower double-layer structure, so that the difference of the inner diameter and the outer diameter of a single core body is reduced, the loss during filling of adsorption materials is reduced, and the airflow resistance of the device is reduced. The core body is compact in structure, the standardized trapezoid adsorption block is flexible to increase and decrease and convenient to replace, the concentrating device is not limited to the shape of the rotating wheel, the core body can be increased and decreased flexibly according to the site conditions, the external configuration is adjusted, the pollutant treatment capacity of the device is widened, and the adaptability of the device to reconstruction projects is improved. The adsorption block has high temperature resistance, can support on-line thermal desorption, off-line roasting and other regeneration modes, effectively utilizes the performance of the adsorption material on the adsorption block and prolongs the service life. The corrugated stacking mode enables the passing gas to be in a laminar flow state, is beneficial to mass transfer between the gas phase and the solid phase, and improves the adsorption performance.
(5) The device adopts a chain transmission mode, shares a thermal desorption system, realizes continuous adsorption and desorption, reduces energy loss and saves the occupied area of the device.
(6) The invention effectively increases the adsorption area of the concentration device in a limited space, improves the treatment capacity of waste gas, improves the concentration multiple of medium-low concentration organic waste gas, and realizes the effective concentration treatment of the ultralow concentration large-air-volume organic waste gas.
(7) The invention can be applied to the production industries related to organic solvents, such as refining, chemical industry, printing, coating, synthetic leather and the like. The organic waste gas in the application scene has large air volume (generally 10000-300000 m) 3 /h), the concentration of the pollutant is low (generally 150 to the maximum800mg/m 3 ) Is characterized by (1). Aiming at the exhaust gas with the characteristics, the invention can realize the gas concentration ratio of 1 (10-50).
Drawings
The invention will be further described with reference to examples of embodiments with reference to the accompanying drawings.
FIG. 1 is a schematic cross-sectional view of a concentrating apparatus according to the present invention.
Fig. 2 is a schematic structural view of the core.
Fig. 3 is a schematic structural view of a trapezoidal adsorption block.
Fig. 4 is a schematic view of section A-A in fig. 1.
Fig. 5 is a schematic view of section B-B in fig. 1.
Fig. 6 is a schematic transverse cross-section of an upper core of an embodiment using three sets of cores.
Fig. 7 is a schematic transverse cross-sectional view of a lower core of an embodiment using three sets of cores.
Fig. 8 is a schematic view of the core and its structural arrangement in the inner cavity.
Reference numerals: the device comprises a shell 1, an exhaust gas inlet 2, an exhaust gas outlet 3, a hot air inlet 4, a concentrated exhaust gas outlet 5, an adsorption cavity 6, a desorption cavity 7, a concentrated exhaust gas collecting cavity 8, an exhaust gas collecting cavity 9, a core 10, an exhaust gas channel 11, a concentrated exhaust gas channel 12, a driving mechanism 13, a desorption area 14, a cooling area 15 and an adsorption block 16.
Detailed Description
The invention will now be described in further detail with reference to the drawings and examples, wherein some of the design parameters are meant to be illustrative only and not limiting.
The high concentration ratio high temperature resistant light organic waste gas concentration device comprises a hollow shell 1, and can be made of materials such as plastics, concrete, steel plates, aluminum profiles and the like. The inner cavity of the shell 1 is divided into an upper adsorption cavity 6 and a lower exhaust gas collecting cavity 9 by a transverse partition plate, and the upper adsorption cavity and the lower exhaust gas collecting cavity are not communicated with each other; the wall of the adsorption cavity 6 is provided with an exhaust gas inlet 2, and the wall of the exhaust gas collection cavity 9 is provided with an exhaust gas outlet 3; 2-6 core assemblies are arranged in the shell 1; the core body assembly comprises an upper core body 10 and a lower core body 10 which are respectively positioned in the adsorption cavity 6 and the exhaust gas collection cavity 9, each core body 10 is of a cylindrical structure consisting of a plurality of adsorption blocks 16, and the bottom of the core body is arranged on the turntable; the upper core body 10 and the lower core body 10 are vertically arranged and are connected through two opposite end surfaces, the inner cavities of the upper core body and the lower core body are mutually communicated to form a core body channel, and the bottom end of the core body channel is closed; the driving mechanism 13 is connected with a turntable at the bottom of the core body and drives the core body to rotate around the vertical central axis by driving the turntable to rotate;
the vertical partition plates and the outer wall of the core body assembly form a desorption cavity 7 together, the desorption cavity 7 is equal in height with the core body assembly, the bottom end of the desorption cavity is closed, and the top end of the desorption cavity is connected to a hot air inlet 4 arranged at the upper part of the shell through a pipeline; a vertical partition plate is arranged in the core body channel to divide the core body channel into an exhaust gas channel 11 and a concentrated waste gas channel 12; the upper half part of the exhaust gas channel 11 is arranged corresponding to the adsorption cavity 6, the lower half part is arranged corresponding to the exhaust gas collecting cavity 9, and the concentrated exhaust gas channel 12 is arranged corresponding to the desorption cavity 7; the partition plates for forming the desorption cavity 7 and the partition plates in the core body channel are fixedly arranged and are in elastic sealing contact with the surface of the core body assembly, so that the free rotation of the core body assembly is kept, and meanwhile, the gas at two sides can be blocked from flowing mutually. The top end of the exhaust gas passage 11 is closed, and the top end of the concentrated exhaust gas passage 12 is connected to the concentrated exhaust gas outlet 5 provided in the upper portion of the housing. A concentrated exhaust gas collecting chamber 8 may be provided in an upper portion of the inner cavity of the housing 1, and the concentrated exhaust gas outlet 5 is arranged in a wall of the concentrated exhaust gas collecting chamber 8.
Whereas the hot air temperature for desorption is typically 80-300 c, this results in a higher upper core temperature nearer to the hot air inlet 4. In order to ensure the subsequent adsorption performance of the core 10, a cooling zone 15 is required to be arranged behind the desorption zone 14 to cool down the core 10. Therefore, a fixed vertical partition board is also arranged in the concentrated waste gas channel 12, one side of the partition board is in elastic sealing contact with the surface of the core body assembly, and the concentrated waste gas channel 12 is divided into two connected partition parts; wherein, in the concentrated exhaust gas channel 12 of the upper core, one interval part is arranged corresponding to the desorption chamber as a desorption region 14, and the other interval part is arranged corresponding to the adsorption chamber as a cooling region 15; since the lower core is located far from the hot air inlet 4, there is no need to provide a cooling zone 15 in the concentrated exhaust gas channel 12 of the lower core, both spaced apart portions being arranged as desorption zones 14 in correspondence with the desorption chambers 7.
The number of the core body assemblies can be n, n is more than 1, the optimal selection is 2 to 6 groups, and the desorption cavity is formed by the fixed vertical partition plates and the outer wall of each core body assembly. The core 10 is a cylindrical structure formed by stacking a plurality of adsorption blocks 16 in sequence, for example, optional parameters are as follows: the inner diameter is 0.5-1.5 m, the outer diameter is 0.7-1.7 m, the height is 0.5-2 m, and the pressure drop of the air flow passing through the core body is 50-250 Pa. The adsorption block 16 has a trapezoid or sector cross section, is formed by stacking high-adsorption-performance zeolite molecular sieves, silica gel or aluminum sol on high-temperature-resistant fiber base paper, and is fixed by corner aluminum profiles and sealed by sealing rubber.
The transverse partition plate in the shell 1, the vertical partition plate in the core body channel, the vertical partition plate in the concentrated waste gas channel 12 and the vertical partition plate which forms the desorption cavity 7 together with the outer wall of the core body assembly can be formed by double-layer steel plates or aluminum profiles, and the hollow part inside the vertical partition plates is filled with heat insulation materials. Bearing seats are respectively arranged on the bottom of the inner cavity of the shell 1 and the transverse partition plates between the upper core body 10 and the lower core body 10, and the end parts of the core bodies 10 are provided with rotating shafts and are arranged in the bearing seats through bearings; the driving mechanism 13 optionally comprises a chain and a gear motor, and the latter drives the turntable to rotate through the chain so as to drive the core body to rotate around the vertical central axis.
According to the invention, the elastic sealing contact means that the elastic parts (such as rubber strips) are arranged at the side edge parts of the partition boards, so that the partition boards can keep close contact with the surface of the core body assembly even in the rotating process of the core body assembly, the partition boards have the elastic sealing effect, and the gas at two sides can be blocked from flowing mutually. The use of an adsorbent mass 16 having a sector-shaped cross section is preferred from a product design standpoint because the separator plate is in the most smooth running contact and sealing relationship with the surface of the core assembly. However, since the production technology of the fan-shaped annular adsorption block is still immature at the present stage, the fixed frame for manufacturing the arc-shaped edge also puts higher requirements on the processing technology and the production cost, and the comprehensive cost is relatively higher. The cross section is trapezoidBecause the straight line edge is simple to process, when the reasonable length ratio of the upper bottom edge to the lower bottom edge is adopted, the difference between the lower bottom edge and the upper bottom edge of the trapezoid and the circular arc edge of the fan is minimized, so that the requirement of elastic sealing of the baffle elastic component in the rotating process of the core assembly is met. Optional parameters of the trapezoidal shaped adsorption block 16 as an example: the length A of the lower bottom edge and the length B of the upper bottom edge are 1:1-2, the height C and the length B of the upper bottom edge are 1:1-2, the tolerance temperature is 80-500 ℃, and the volume weight of a single adsorption block 16 is 60-120 kg/m 3 。
The method for realizing the concentration of the organic waste gas based on the device comprises the following steps:
1. starting a driving mechanism 13 to drive the upper core 10 and the lower core 10 of the core assembly to rotate simultaneously;
2. adsorption process:
introducing waste gas to be treated into the adsorption cavity 6 from the waste gas inlet 2, and allowing the waste gas to reach the lower core through the exhaust gas channel 11 after being adsorbed by the upper core; then the waste gas enters the waste gas collecting cavity 9 after being absorbed by the lower core body, and is discharged out of the device through the waste gas outlet 3;
3. and (3) desorption:
introducing 80-300 ℃ hot air into the desorption cavity 7 from the hot air inlet 4, so that the adsorption block 16 adsorbed with the organic waste is purged by the hot air when rotating to a position corresponding to the desorption cavity 7; the desorbed organic waste gas enters the concentrated waste gas channel 12 and is discharged from the concentrated waste gas outlet.
4. Treatment after detachment:
the adsorption block 16 in the upper core body continues to rotate to a position corresponding to the cooling area after being purged by hot air, and is purged by waste gas in the adsorption cavity 6 to cool the adsorption block 16; the cooled and purged exhaust gas enters the concentrated exhaust gas channel 12 and exits the device through the concentrated exhaust gas outlet 5. The adsorption block 16 located in the lower core, after being purged with hot air, directly enters the region corresponding to the adsorption chamber 6 without cooling.
5. Implementation of continuous operation
Because the core body assembly is driven by the driving mechanism 13 to rotate, the adsorption blocks 16 at all parts continuously run according to the steps 2-4, the rotation speeds of the upper and lower layers of core bodies 10 are consistent, and the continuous operation of adsorption and desorption is realized.
6. High temperature regeneration
Because of the limited temperature resistance of the seals, the hot air temperature used for regeneration in an on-line manner is only about 300 ℃ at maximum. In long-term operation of the device, high-boiling-point pollutants are accumulated continuously, and adsorption points can be covered gradually under the condition that effective desorption cannot be carried out. When the pressure drop of the gas passing through the bed is more than 1000Pa, the adsorption block 16 can be taken out, and the adsorption block is put into a kiln for roasting at 500 ℃ to remove organic matters covered on the surface. After cooling, the core 10 is reassembled for continued use.
By using the device, the concentration of the active ingredients can be lower than 200mg/m 3 The concentration of the low-concentration organic waste gas is 20-50 times, and after the device runs for a certain time, the adsorption block can be roasted and regenerated at the high temperature of 500 ℃, so that the service life is prolonged. The device is made of high-temperature resistant fiber-based paper, so that the volume weight is reduced by 1-2 times compared with that of conventional adsorption materials such as active carbon, and the load of the bearing structure of the device is greatly reduced.
Specific examples:
an organic waste gas adsorption, desorption and purification example is coated on a certain gate.
The factory waste gas mainly comes from coating waste gas generated in the paint spraying process in the production process of burglary-resisting doors, fireproof doors and the like, the components of the coating waste gas mainly comprise paint mist and organic waste gas, and the organic waste gas mainly comprises non-methane total hydrocarbons, alcohols, esters and the like. The maximum total air volume of the workshop is 189600m 3 And/h, designing the total air quantity to be 200000m 3 The average waste gas concentration is 200-250mg/m in per hour 3 ，
The high-concentration ratio high-temperature-resistant light organic waste gas concentration device provided by the invention is shown in the accompanying figures 1-5, and the equipment and the process flow are as follows:
the device adopts 4 groups of cores to purify the waste gas of this mill simultaneously, and the design parameters of device are: the section size of the adsorption block 16 is that the lower bottom side length A and the upper bottom side length B are 1:1.4, and the height C and the upper bottom side length B are 1:1.8. Each core has an inner diameter of 0.5 m, an outer diameter of 1 m and a height of 2 m. The desorption area and the cooling area of the upper core body respectively occupy 1/12, and the desorption area of the lower core body occupies 1/6.
The concentration is 200-250mg/m 3 The air quantity is 200000m 3 The VOC waste gas of/h is led into the adsorption cavity 6 through the low-concentration waste gas inlet 2, is adsorbed by the four cores 10 at the upper layer, reaches the lower layer through the exhaust gas channel 11 at the center of each core 10, reaches the exhaust gas collecting cavity 9 through the core 10 at the lower layer, and is finally discharged by the exhaust gas outlet 3; the core 10 adsorbed with the exhaust gas of VOCs rotates to a desorption area 14 through the driving of a driving mechanism 13, 150 ℃ air enters the middle shared part desorption cavity 7 of the four cores through a hot air inlet 4, meanwhile, the upper four cores 10 are subjected to hot purging, the desorbed high-concentration organic exhaust gas enters a concentrated exhaust gas channel 12 in the center of each core 10, reaches a concentrated exhaust gas collection cavity 8 after collection, and is discharged through a concentrated exhaust gas outlet 5 to enter the next treatment process. As the driving mechanism 13 rotates, the adsorption block 16 of the upper core 10 is transferred to the cooling zone 15 for cooling. While the adsorbent mass 16 of the lower core 10 is still undergoing further desorption in the second desorption zone 14. Finally, the adsorption blocks 16 on the upper and lower layers leave the cooling zone 15 and the desorption zone 14 at the same time, and the next round of adsorption is continued. At this time, the temperature of the adsorption block 16 in the upper core 10, which leaves the cooling zone 15, is 40 to 50 ℃, and the temperature of the adsorption block 16 in the lower core 10, which leaves the desorption zone 14, is 50 to 65 ℃. For the upper core, the residence time of the adsorbent mass 16 in the desorption zone 14 is 50s and the residence time in the cooling zone 15 is also 50s. The purification rate of VOC waste gas can reach 98 percent and the concentration ratio reaches 1:40 by the treatment of the concentration device.
Claims (7)
1. A high-concentration-ratio high-temperature-resistant light organic waste gas concentration device comprises a hollow shell; the device is characterized in that the inner cavity of the shell is divided into an upper adsorption cavity and a lower exhaust gas collecting cavity by a transverse partition plate, and the upper adsorption cavity and the lower exhaust gas collecting cavity are not communicated with each other; an exhaust gas inlet is formed in the wall of the adsorption cavity, and an exhaust gas outlet is formed in the wall of the exhaust gas collecting cavity; 2-6 core assemblies are arranged in the shell, each core assembly comprises an upper core and a lower core which are respectively positioned in the adsorption cavity and the exhaust gas collection cavity, each core is of a cylindrical structure consisting of a plurality of adsorption blocks, and the bottom of each core is arranged on the turntable; the upper core body and the lower core body are vertically arranged and are connected through two opposite end surfaces, the inner cavities of the upper core body and the lower core body are mutually communicated to form a core body channel, and the bottom end of the core body channel is closed; the driving mechanism is connected with the turntable at the bottom of the core body and can drive the core body to rotate around the vertical central axis by driving the turntable to rotate;
the fixed vertical partition plates and the outer walls of the core assemblies form a desorption cavity together, the desorption cavity is equal in height with the core assemblies, the bottom ends of the desorption cavity are closed, and the top ends of the desorption cavity are connected to a hot air inlet arranged at the upper part of the shell through pipelines; a vertical partition plate is arranged in the core body channel to divide the core body channel into an exhaust gas channel and a concentrated waste gas channel; the upper half part of the exhaust gas channel is correspondingly arranged with the adsorption cavity, the lower half part is correspondingly arranged with the exhaust gas collecting cavity, and the concentrated exhaust gas channel is correspondingly arranged with the desorption cavity; the partition plates used for forming the desorption cavity and the partition plates positioned in the core body channels are fixedly arranged and are in elastic sealing contact with the surface of the core body assembly, so that the free rotation of the core body assembly is kept, and meanwhile, the gas at two sides can be blocked from flowing mutually; the top end of the exhaust gas channel is closed, and the top end of the concentrated waste gas channel is connected to a concentrated waste gas outlet arranged at the upper part of the shell;
a fixed vertical partition plate is further arranged in the concentrated waste gas channel, one side of the partition plate is in elastic sealing contact with the surface of the core body assembly, the concentrated waste gas channel is divided into two connected partition parts, and the air leakage rate is less than or equal to 5%; wherein, in the concentrated waste gas channel of the upper core body, one interval part is arranged corresponding to the desorption cavity and is used as a desorption area, and the other interval part is arranged corresponding to the adsorption cavity and is used as a cooling area; in the concentrated waste gas channel of the lower core body, two interval parts are arranged corresponding to the desorption cavity;
a concentrated waste gas collecting cavity is arranged at the upper part of the inner cavity of the shell, and the concentrated waste gas outlet is positioned on the wall of the concentrated waste gas collecting cavity.
2. The device according to claim 1, wherein a turntable is arranged at the bottom of the inner cavity of the shell, the lower core is arranged on the turntable, and the upper core is arranged on the upper part of the lower core; the driving mechanism comprises a speed reducing motor and a chain, and the speed reducing motor drives the rotary table at the bottom of the core body to rotate the whole core body assembly through the chain; wherein the rotating speed of the speed reducing motor is 8-50 r/h, and the transmission ratio of the chain is 150-900.
3. The apparatus of claim 1, wherein each of the partitions is composed of a double-layered steel plate or aluminum profile, and a hollow portion inside thereof is filled with a heat insulating material.
4. The device according to claim 1, wherein the core body is a cylindrical structure formed by stacking a plurality of adsorption blocks in sequence, the cross section of each adsorption block is trapezoid or sector-ring, and the main body is made of heat-resistant fiber base paper adsorbed with zeolite molecular sieve, silica gel or alumina sol, and is corrugated and stacked; the periphery of the sealing rubber is fixed by an angular aluminum profile and is sealed by sealing rubber; the length A of the lower bottom edge and the length B of the upper bottom edge of the adsorption block are 1:1-2, the height C and the length B of the upper bottom edge are 1:1-2, the tolerance temperature is 80-500 ℃, and the volume weight of the single adsorption block is 60-120 kg/m 3 。
5. The method for concentrating organic waste gas based on the device of claim 1, comprising the steps of: starting a driving mechanism to drive the upper core and the lower core of the core assembly to rotate simultaneously; introducing waste gas to be treated into the adsorption cavity from a waste gas inlet, and enabling the waste gas to reach the lower core body through a discharge gas channel after being adsorbed by the upper core body; then the waste gas enters the waste gas collecting cavity after being adsorbed by the lower core body, and is discharged out of the device through the waste gas outlet; introducing 80-300 ℃ hot air into the desorption cavity from the hot air inlet, so that the adsorption block adsorbed with the organic waste is purged by the hot air when rotating to a position corresponding to the desorption cavity; and the desorbed organic waste gas enters the concentrated waste gas channel and is discharged out of the device through a concentrated waste gas outlet.
6. The method of claim 5, wherein the adsorption block in the upper core continues to rotate to a position corresponding to the cooling zone after being purged with hot air, and is purged with exhaust gas in the adsorption chamber to cool the adsorption block; the cooled and purged waste gas enters the concentrated waste gas channel and is discharged out of the device through a concentrated waste gas outlet.
7. The method of claim 5, further comprising the step of off-line regeneration: dismantling the adsorption block in the core body, putting the core body into a kiln at 500 ℃ for roasting, removing adhered high-boiling-point organic pollutants, and recovering the adsorption performance of the adsorption block by releasing adsorption sites on the adsorption block; after the roasting is finished, the adsorption block is reassembled and put into use.
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