CN108186764A - 玉叶金花提取物及其制备和治疗扁桃体炎的应用 - Google Patents
玉叶金花提取物及其制备和治疗扁桃体炎的应用 Download PDFInfo
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Abstract
本发明提出了一种玉叶金花提取物及其制备方法和治疗扁桃体炎的应用,一种玉叶金花提取物的制备方法,包括以下步骤:(1)将玉叶金花晒干、粉碎,得到玉叶金花粉末;(2)与异丙醇水溶液混合,回流,过滤,浓缩,收集馏分;(3)向步骤(2)中馏分加入纯水,温浸,乙酸乙酯‑乙酸丁酯微波萃取,分液,收集有机相,旋蒸除去溶剂,即得玉叶金花提取物。取黄芪、荆芥、金银花、桔梗粉碎混合,煎煮,过滤,浓缩后得到的抗炎组合物水提物,加入稀释后的玉叶金花乙酸乙酯‑乙酸丁酯提取物,喷雾干燥得到固体药粉。本发明所述玉叶金花提取物具有明显的治疗扁桃炎的效果。
Description
技术领域
本发明涉及中药提取技术领域,具体涉及玉叶金花提取物及其制备,尤其涉及该提取物在治疗扁桃体炎中的应用。
背景技术
扁桃体炎通常是指位于咽喉部位的扁桃体出现的非特异性炎症,多是由于病毒或细菌感染引起的。在临床上多表现为扁桃体肿大、充血,有大量的中性粒细胞浸润,并伴有发热、咽喉疼痛等症状。临床上采用抗生素类药物对扁桃体炎进行治疗,由于当下耐药菌的不断增加,症状缓解较慢,治疗效果并不理想,极容易引起各种并发症,导致邻近的器官受到感染。
玉叶金花来源于茜草科玉叶金花属植物玉叶金花的干燥茎和根,又名白纸扇、野白纸扇、山甘草、蝴蝶藤,分布于广东、广西、海南、福建等省区,生于较阴的山坡、沟谷、溪旁及灌丛中,味甘、淡、凉,具有清热解暑、凉血解毒的功效,主要用于治疗感冒、发热、咳嗽、咽喉肿痛、咽喉炎、支气管炎等症。研究报道,玉叶金花的提取物具有很好的抗炎效果,降低肿胀、减轻炎症。但将玉叶金花乙酸乙酯-乙酸丁酯提取物应用到扁桃体炎的研究尚未见报道。
发明内容
为了解决上述的技术问题,本发明提供一种玉叶金花提取物及其制备方法,并提供一种用该提取物治疗扁桃体炎的应用,与抗炎组合物水提物一起使用,使得患者体温恢复正常,咽痛及脓性分泌物消失,临床症状完全消失。
为实现上述技术问题,本发明提供如下技术方案:
一种玉叶金花提取物的制备方法,包括以下步骤:
(1)将玉叶金花晒干、粉碎,过60-120目筛,得到玉叶金花粉末;
(2)按照玉叶金花粉末和异丙醇水溶液比为1:5-1:20的比例混合,于共沸点88-92℃温度下回流提取60-300min,过滤,减压浓缩,收集馏分;
(3)向步骤(2)中馏分按照体积比1:20-30加入纯水,37-42℃温度下温浸40-60min,然后用乙酸乙酯-乙酸丁酯微波萃取3次,萃取条件为微波频率2000-2500MHz,微波功率400-600W,萃取时间5-10min,分液,收集有机相,减压旋蒸除去乙酸乙酯-乙酸丁酯溶剂,即得玉叶金花乙酸乙酯-乙酸丁酯提取物。
作为本发明进一步的改进,一种玉叶金花提取物的制备方法,包括以下步骤:
(1)将玉叶金花晒干、粉碎,过100目筛,得到玉叶金花粉末;
(2)按照玉叶金花粉末和异丙醇水溶液比为1:10的比例混合,于共沸点88-92℃温度下回流提取60-300min,过滤,减压浓缩,收集馏分;
(3)向步骤(2)中馏分按照体积比1:25加入纯水,40℃温度下温浸50min,然后用乙酸乙酯-乙酸丁酯微波萃取3次,萃取条件为微波频率2270MHz,微波功率500W,萃取时间7min,分液,收集有机相,减压旋蒸除去乙酸乙酯-乙酸丁酯溶剂,即得玉叶金花乙酸乙酯-乙酸丁酯提取物。
作为本发明进一步的改进,玉叶金花乙酸乙酯-乙酸丁酯提取物的密度为1.1~1.5。
抗炎组合物包括以下重量份原料制备而成:1-10份黄芪、3-15份荆芥、3-15份金银花、1-10份桔梗。
作为本发明进一步的改进,抗炎组合物包括以下重量份原料制备而成:3份黄芪、5份荆芥、5份金银花、2份桔梗。
抗炎组合物水提物的制备方法包括:
(1)取黄芪、荆芥、金银花、桔梗粉碎后混合,加入10倍体积水,浸泡30min,煎煮120min,减压过滤,滤液备用;
(2)在步骤(1)所得药渣中加入5倍体积水,煎煮60min,减压过滤,滤液备用;
(3)将步骤(1)和步骤(2)所得滤液合并,过400目筛,浓缩滤液至相对密度0.9-1.3,即得抗炎组合物水提物。
将玉叶金花乙酸乙酯-乙酸丁酯提取物用稀释剂稀释后,以20%-30%的用量加入到抗炎组合物水提物中。
作为本发明进一步的改进,稀释剂为丙二醇溶液
作为本发明进一步的改进,将玉叶金花乙酸乙酯-乙酸丁酯提取物用丙二醇溶液稀释5倍后以25%的用量加入到抗炎组合物水提物中,并喷雾干燥,得到固体药粉。
本发明进一步保护一种玉叶金花提取物在治疗扁桃体炎的应用。
本发明所提供的组合物制成的固体药粉,具有
具体地,玉叶金花,味甘、淡、凉,清热利湿、解毒消肿的功效;黄芪,味微苦,具有消除紧张和不安,使身体状况稳定的功效;荆芥,味微苦而后甜,性凉。可用于解热、解毒、定惊,治咽喉肿痛、口疮痈肿;金银花,既能宣散风热,还善清解血毒,用于各种热性病,如身热、发疹、发斑、热毒疮痈、咽喉肿痛等症;桔梗,有清热,凉血,定惊,解毒等功效。诸药合用,诸气得畅,诸毒得解,诸肿可消。
现代药理认为,玉叶金花的乙酸乙酯-乙酸丁酯提取部位可有抗炎抑菌,消除肿胀的作用,黄芪中的黄芪多糖可明显增加荷瘤小鼠的T细胞综述与TH细胞数、荆芥对正常大鼠体温无降温作用,但可抑制2,4-二硝基苯酚对大鼠引起的发热,降低酵母所致发热大鼠体温、金银花含有绿原酸、木犀草素苷等药理活性成分具有清热解毒、抗炎的功效、桔梗清热;解毒,还可以消肿解痛。本发明组合物具有明显的治疗扁桃体炎的作用,且药性平和,未出现毒副作用。
本发明具有如下有益效果:
1、玉叶金花乙酸乙酯-乙酸丁酯提取物可显著减轻咽喉部位扁桃体肿大、充血症状,与抗炎组合物水提物一起使用,使得患者体温恢复正常,咽痛及脓性分泌物消失,临床症状完全消失。
2、本发明组分均采用天然的中药原料,其配制简便、药源广,治疗扁桃体炎效果显著,且无毒副作用。
附图说明
图1是玉叶金花乙酸乙酯-乙酸丁酯提取物的制备工艺流程图。
具体实施方式
下面将结合本发明实施例,对本发明实施例中的技术方案进行清楚、完整的描述,显然,所述的实施例只是本发明的部分具有代表性的实施例,而不是全部实施例,本领域普通技术人员在没有做出创造性劳动前提下所获得的其他所有实施例都属于本发明的保护范围。
实施例1玉叶金花提取物的制备
按照以下步骤进行:
(1)将玉叶金花晒干、粉碎,过60目筛,得到玉叶金花粉末;
(2)按照玉叶金花粉末和异丙醇水溶液比为1:5的比例混合,于共沸点88-92℃温度下回流提取60-300min,过滤,减压浓缩,收集馏分;
(3)向步骤(2)中馏分按照体积比1:20加入纯水,37℃温度下温浸40min,然后用乙酸乙酯-乙酸丁酯微波萃取3次,萃取条件为微波频率2000MHz,微波功率400W,萃取时间5min,分液,收集有机相,减压旋蒸除去乙酸乙酯-乙酸丁酯溶剂,即得玉叶金花乙酸乙酯-乙酸丁酯提取物,密度为1.1。
实施例2玉叶金花提取物的制备
按照以下步骤进行:
(1)将玉叶金花晒干、粉碎,过100目筛,得到玉叶金花粉末;
(2)按照玉叶金花粉末和异丙醇水溶液比为1:10的比例混合,于共沸点88-92℃温度下回流提取60-300min,过滤,减压浓缩,收集馏分;
(3)向步骤(2)中馏分按照体积比1:25加入纯水,40℃温度下温浸50min,然后用乙酸乙酯-乙酸丁酯微波萃取3次,萃取条件为微波频率2270MHz,微波功率500W,萃取时间7min,分液,收集有机相,减压旋蒸除去乙酸乙酯-乙酸丁酯溶剂,即得玉叶金花乙酸乙酯-乙酸丁酯提取物,密度为1.5。
实施例3玉叶金花提取物的制备
按照以下步骤进行:
(1)将玉叶金花晒干、粉碎,过120目筛,得到玉叶金花粉末;
(2)按照玉叶金花粉末和异丙醇水溶液比为1:20的比例混合,于共沸点88-92℃温度下回流提取300min,过滤,减压浓缩,收集馏分;
(3)向步骤(2)中馏分按照体积比1:30加入纯水,42℃温度下温浸40-60min,然后用乙酸乙酯-乙酸丁酯微波萃取3次,萃取条件为微波频率2500MHz,微波功率600W,萃取时间10min,分液,收集有机相,减压旋蒸除去乙酸乙酯-乙酸丁酯溶剂,即得玉叶金花乙酸乙酯-乙酸丁酯提取物,密度为1.3。
实施例4制备加入玉叶金花提取物用于治疗扁桃体炎的药粉
(1)抗炎组合物包括以下重量份原料制备而成:2份黄芪、3份荆芥、3份金银花、1份桔梗。
(2)抗炎组合物水提物的制备方法包括:
a、取黄芪、荆芥、金银花、桔梗粉碎后混合,加入10倍体积水,浸泡30min,煎煮120min,减压过滤,滤液备用;
b、在步骤a所得药渣中加入5倍体积水,煎煮60min,减压过滤,滤液备用;
c、将步骤a和步骤b所得滤液合并,过400目筛,浓缩滤液至相对密度0.9-1.3,即得抗炎组合物水提物。
(3)将玉叶金花乙酸乙酯-乙酸丁酯提取物加入抗炎组合物水提物:将密度为1.1玉叶金花乙酸乙酯-乙酸丁酯提取物用丙二醇溶液稀释5倍后以25%的用量加入到抗炎组合物水提物中,并喷雾干燥,得到固体药粉。
实施例5制备加入玉叶金花提取物用于治疗扁桃体炎的药粉
(1)抗炎组合物包括以下重量份原料制备而成:3份黄芪、5份荆芥、5份金银花、2份桔梗。
(2)抗炎组合物水提物的制备方法包括:
a、取黄芪、荆芥、金银花、桔梗粉碎后混合,加入10倍体积水,浸泡30min,煎煮120min,减压过滤,滤液备用;
b、在步骤a所得药渣中加入5倍体积水,煎煮60min,减压过滤,滤液备用;
c、将步骤a和步骤b所得滤液合并,过400目筛,浓缩滤液至相对密度0.9-1.3,即得抗炎组合物水提物,并喷雾干燥,得到抗炎组合物粉末。
(3)将密度为1.5的玉叶金花乙酸乙酯-乙酸丁酯提取物加入抗炎组合物水提物:将玉叶金花乙酸乙酯-乙酸丁酯提取物用丙二醇溶液稀释5倍后以25%的用量加入到抗炎组合物水提物中,并喷雾干燥,得到固体药粉。
实施例6制备加入玉叶金花提取物用于治疗扁桃体炎的药粉
(1)抗炎组合物包括以下重量份原料制备而成:7份黄芪、15份荆芥、10份金银花、7份桔梗。
(2)抗炎组合物水提物的制备方法包括:
a、取黄芪、荆芥、金银花、桔梗粉碎后混合,加入10倍体积水,浸泡30min,煎煮120min,减压过滤,滤液备用;
b、在步骤a所得药渣中加入5倍体积水,煎煮60min,减压过滤,滤液备用;
c、将步骤a和步骤b所得滤液合并,过400目筛,浓缩滤液至相对密度0.9-1.3,即得抗炎组合物水提物。
(3)将密度为1.3的玉叶金花乙酸乙酯-乙酸丁酯提取物加入抗炎组合物水提物:将玉叶金花乙酸乙酯-乙酸丁酯提取物用丙二醇溶液稀释5倍后以25%的用量加入到抗炎组合物水提物中,并喷雾干燥,得到固体药粉。
试验例1人体试验
1、实验组别。分为实验组和对照1组和对照2组。
2、实验方法。
(1)病例选择。选取本市中心医院2015年2月-2017年12月收治的急性化脓性扁桃体患儿90例,排除肝肾功能不全、血液系统疾病和胃肠疾病患者。将100例患儿随机分为两组,每组30例。实验组中,男17例,女13例,年龄5~10岁,平均年龄(7.25±1.27)岁,病程1~5d,平均(3.70±0.29)d,患儿均有发热症状,体温37.93~39.80℃,平均(38.45±0.38)℃,白细胞计数(10.7-12.6)×109g/L;对照1组中,男19例,女11例,年龄4~10岁,平均年龄(6.90±1.07)岁,病程1~4d,平均(2.97±0.33)d,患儿均有发热症状,体温38.02~39.36℃,平均(38.27±0.78)℃,白细胞计数(10.8-12.4)×109g/L;对照2组中,男18例,女12例,年龄4~9岁,平均年龄(6.52±1.12)岁,病程1~4d,平均(2.66±0.53)d,患儿均有发热症状,体温37.92~39.41℃,平均(38.31±0.62)℃,白细胞计数(10.7-12.4)×109g/L。三组患儿在年龄、性别、病程及发热程度等基本情况进行比较,均无统计学意义,具有可比性。
(2)实验方法。对照1组患儿给与注射液盐酸克林霉素,取本品1支,加0.9%的氯化钠注射液溶解并稀释后静脉滴注,给药量为5~8mg/kg,每天注射3次,连续给药7d;对照2组患儿给与注射液盐酸克林霉素,方法同对照1组患儿,同时每天服用大环内酯类抗生素,每天2次,每次20g,热水冲调后服用;实验组患儿给与注射液盐酸克林霉素,方法同对照1组患儿,同时每天服用实施例5制备的固体药粉,每天2次,每次20g,热水冲调后服用。三组患儿合理饮食,注意休息。
(3)观察标准。观察并记录三组患儿退热、咽痛、扁桃体充血肿大等临床症状改善时间及白细胞总数恢复正常时间,比较两组患者的临床疗效。
(4)疗效判断标准。痊愈:扁桃体无脓性分泌物,无全身症状,实验室检查恢复正常;显效:扁桃体、全身症状及实验室检查中有2项恢复正常;有效:扁桃体、全身症状及实验室检查中有1项恢复正常;无效:患者经治疗后,症状无改善,甚至有加重的趋势。总有效=痊愈+显效+有效。
实验结果参见表1和表2。
表1两组患儿治疗后疗效比较
组别 | n | 痊愈 | 显效 | 有效 | 无效 | 总有效(%) |
对照1组 | 30 | 12 | 12 | 3 | 3 | 90 |
对照2组 | 30 | 12 | 14 | 2 | 2 | 93.3 |
实验组 | 30 | 16 | 11 | 3 | 0 | 100 |
表2两组患儿临床症状改善时间比较(d)
组别 | n | 退热 | 咽痛改善 | 扁桃体充血肿大改善 | 血白细胞总数 |
对照1组 | 30 | 3.42±0.45 | 3.94±0.41 | 3.87±0.79 | 5.33±1.49 |
对照2组 | 30 | 3.12±0.37 | 3.25±0.63 | 3.67±0.77 | 5.12±1.56 |
实验组 | 30 | 2.53±0.28 | 2.63±0.22 | 2.31±0.32 | 3.44±1.21 |
由上表可知,两组患儿通过比较,说明加入了玉叶金花乙酸乙酯-乙酸丁酯提取物的固体药粉均可以有治疗扁桃体炎的作用。相对于治疗扁桃体炎的特效药大环内酯类抗生素,加入了玉叶金花乙酸乙酯-乙酸丁酯提取物的固体药粉有更高的药效,缩短了患儿临床症状改善的时间,因此说明,玉叶金花乙酸乙酯-乙酸丁酯提取物对扁桃体炎的具有明显的治疗作用,为玉叶金花的药用价值开发指明了方向。
本领域的技术人员在不脱离权利要求书确定的本发明的精神和范围的条件下,还可以对以上内容进行各种各样的修改。因此本发明的范围并不仅限于以上的说明,而是由权利要求书的范围来确定的。
Claims (11)
1.一种玉叶金花提取物的制备方法,包括以下步骤:
(1)将玉叶金花晒干、粉碎,过60-120目筛,得到玉叶金花粉末;
(2)按照玉叶金花粉末和异丙醇水溶液比为1:5-1:20的比例混合,于共沸点88-92℃温度下回流提取60-300min,过滤,减压浓缩,收集馏分;
(3)向步骤(2)中馏分按照体积比1:20-30加入纯水,37-42℃温度下温浸40-60min,然后用乙酸乙酯-乙酸丁酯微波萃取3次,萃取条件为微波频率2000-2500MHz,微波功率400-600W,萃取时间5-10min,分液,收集有机相,减压旋蒸除去乙酸乙酯-乙酸丁酯溶剂,即得玉叶金花乙酸乙酯-乙酸丁酯提取物。
2.根据权利要求1所述制备方法,其特征在于,所述制备方法包括以下步骤:
(1)将玉叶金花晒干、粉碎,过100目筛,得到玉叶金花粉末;
(2)按照玉叶金花粉末和异丙醇水溶液比为1:10的比例混合,于共沸点88-92℃温度下回流提取60-300min,过滤,减压浓缩,收集馏分;
(3)向步骤(2)中馏分按照体积比1:25加入纯水,40℃温度下温浸50min,然后用乙酸乙酯-乙酸丁酯微波萃取3次,萃取条件为微波频率2270MHz,微波功率500W,萃取时间7min,分液,收集有机相,减压旋蒸除去乙酸乙酯-乙酸丁酯溶剂,即得玉叶金花乙酸乙酯-乙酸丁酯提取物。
3.根据权利要求1或2所述制备方法得到的玉叶金花乙酸乙酯-乙酸丁酯提取物。
4.根据权利要求1或2所述制备方法,其特征在于,所述玉叶金花乙酸乙酯-乙酸丁酯提取物密度为1.1~1.5。
5.根据权利要求3所述的玉叶金花乙酸乙酯-乙酸丁酯提取物在治疗扁桃体炎中的应用。
6.根据权利要求4所述的应用,其特征在于,将所述的玉叶金花乙酸乙酯-乙酸丁酯提取物用稀释剂稀释后,以20%-30%的用量加入到抗炎组合物水提物中。
7.根据权利要求5所述的应用,其特征在于,所述抗炎组合物包括以下重量份原料制备而成:1-7份黄芪、3-15份荆芥、3-15份金银花、1-7份桔梗。
8.根据权利要求6所述的应用,其特征在于,所述抗炎组合物包括以下重量份原料制备而成:3份黄芪、5份荆芥、5份金银花、2份桔梗。
9.根据权利要求6或7所述应用,其特征在于,所述抗炎组合物水提物的制备方法包括:
(1)取黄芪、荆芥、金银花、桔梗粉碎后混合,加入10倍体积水,浸泡30min,煎煮120min,减压过滤,滤液备用;
(2)在步骤(1)所得药渣中加入5倍体积水,煎煮60min,减压过滤,滤液备用;
(3)将步骤(1)和步骤(2)所得滤液合并,过400目筛,浓缩滤液至相对密度0.9-1.3,即得抗炎组合物水提物。
10.根据权利要求8所述应用,其特征在于,所述的稀释剂为丙二醇溶液。
11.根据权利要求9所述应用,其特征在于,将所述的玉叶金花乙酸乙酯-乙酸丁酯提取物用丙二醇溶液稀释5倍后以25%的用量加入到抗炎组合物水提物中,并喷雾干燥,得到固体药粉。
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