CN108180870A - Large forgings concentricity testing device and its detection method based on range measurement principle - Google Patents
Large forgings concentricity testing device and its detection method based on range measurement principle Download PDFInfo
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- CN108180870A CN108180870A CN201810005285.6A CN201810005285A CN108180870A CN 108180870 A CN108180870 A CN 108180870A CN 201810005285 A CN201810005285 A CN 201810005285A CN 108180870 A CN108180870 A CN 108180870A
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- G—PHYSICS
- G01—MEASURING; TESTING
- G01B—MEASURING LENGTH, THICKNESS OR SIMILAR LINEAR DIMENSIONS; MEASURING ANGLES; MEASURING AREAS; MEASURING IRREGULARITIES OF SURFACES OR CONTOURS
- G01B11/00—Measuring arrangements characterised by the use of optical techniques
- G01B11/26—Measuring arrangements characterised by the use of optical techniques for measuring angles or tapers; for testing the alignment of axes
- G01B11/27—Measuring arrangements characterised by the use of optical techniques for measuring angles or tapers; for testing the alignment of axes for testing the alignment of axes
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- G—PHYSICS
- G01—MEASURING; TESTING
- G01B—MEASURING LENGTH, THICKNESS OR SIMILAR LINEAR DIMENSIONS; MEASURING ANGLES; MEASURING AREAS; MEASURING IRREGULARITIES OF SURFACES OR CONTOURS
- G01B11/00—Measuring arrangements characterised by the use of optical techniques
- G01B11/26—Measuring arrangements characterised by the use of optical techniques for measuring angles or tapers; for testing the alignment of axes
- G01B11/27—Measuring arrangements characterised by the use of optical techniques for measuring angles or tapers; for testing the alignment of axes for testing the alignment of axes
- G01B11/272—Measuring arrangements characterised by the use of optical techniques for measuring angles or tapers; for testing the alignment of axes for testing the alignment of axes using photoelectric detection means
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- General Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
- Length Measuring Devices By Optical Means (AREA)
Abstract
A kind of large forgings concentricity testing device based on range measurement principle, including laser detector, detection driving device, control process device and display device；Wherein laser detector is mainly made of Z-shaped frame and five laser range finders；Detection driving device is mainly made of pedestal, stent, first and second crossbearer and three servo motors；Laser detector includes right angle Z-shaped frame and five laser range finders；Detection driving device is used to implement the conversion between non-detection position and test position；Control process device is used to send control signal to five laser range finders and three servo motors, receive five collected range informations of laser range finder, information of adjusting the distance is filtered denoising, information separation, multi parameter analysis and the processing of optimal CENTER ALGORITHM, obtains measured piece center position coordinates and the size and orientation of center offset.Measuring speed of the present invention is fast, and short the time required to measuring, concentricity resultant error reaches 1mm.
Description
Technical field
The present invention relates to a kind of large forgings concentricity testing devices and its detection method based on range measurement principle, belong to machine
Concentricity of workpiece field of measuring technique in tool processing.
Background technology
Measuring technique is the basis of industrial development, and at present, concentricity is measured as one kind in geometric parameter measurement field
Many fields are had been widely used for, most of porose machine parts of band suffer from concentricity requirement, to ensure the conjunction of product
Lattice.But in many cases, Concentricity tolerance can not be obtained directly or indirectly in process, and can only be passed through after processing
Detection obtains.After although some products are by subsequent processing, defect has obtained appropriate amendment, but has a great deal of
Product finally become waste product when defect can not obtain correcting, so as to cause the serious waste of resource and the energy, increase
The cost of product.Therefore, quality of the center position measurement for guarantee production product is carried out in process, improves production effect
Rate is of great significance.
At present, large scale forging concentricity detection technique can be divided into mechanical detection instrument, laser detecting apparatus according to principle difference
With three kinds of CCD detectors, two axis for being widely used in various rotating machinerys look for concentricity to work.Wherein, Beijing Institute of Technology develops
The DTZ_1 type large scale axiality measuring apparatus gone out, overcome during previous large scale coaxality measurement it is of high cost, to super-huge workpiece
Immeasurable shortcoming, error source is more and not easy to control, it is high that measuring environment and testee are required, it is small to cannot be used for
Type component detection field.
The method of laser ranging can substantially be divided into three kinds of time-of-flight method, interferometry and trigonometry, in apparatus of the present invention
In, used is laser triangulation ranging.After the Laser emission that light source is sent out first, light is generated on the surface of object to be measured
Spot, after the optical effect of object to be measured, light is imaged by lens on the focal plane of placement location Sensitive Apparatus.When with swash
When optical scanning object to be measured moves, the location of hot spot can equally change on body surface, in this way on focal plane
The variation of picture by position sensitive detector can position and be obtained the variable quantity of object, realize the requirement of ranging.By measured by
Data reach processing system, realized using algorithm, acquire two testee section central coordinate of circle, so as to according to concentricity parameter
Adjust the relative position of measured piece.
Invention content
It the shortcomings that insufficient the present invention overcomes the measurement accuracy in existing concentricity detection technique and easily affected by environment, carries
For a kind of large forgings concentricity testing device and its detection method based on range measurement principle, realize during forging process
On the one hand accurate measurement to concentricity can improve the processing quality of forging, on the other hand can reduce due to mismachining tolerance
It is larger and caused by the wasting of resources.The present invention mainly realizes the concentricity during forging process using laser distance measuring principle
Detection.
In order to solve above-mentioned technical problem, the present invention is achieved by the following technical solutions：
A kind of large forgings concentricity testing device based on range measurement principle, including laser detector, detection driving dress
It puts, control process device and display device；Wherein laser detector is mainly by right angle Z-shaped frame and five laser range finder groups
Into；Detection driving device is mainly made of pedestal, stent, the first crossbearer, the second crossbearer and three servo motors；
The laser detector includes right angle Z-shaped frame and five laser range finders, and right angle Z-shaped frame includes first segment, the
Automatically controlled telescopic rod is respectively arranged in two sections and third section, first segment and third section；First segment for vertically to, second segment is horizontal direction,
First segment is at right angles connect with second segment one end；Third section with the second segment other end also for vertically at right angles connecting, first
In the same plane, and first segment is directed toward with third section on the contrary, first segment end and third section end for section, second segment and third section
For retractable structure；First laser rangefinder is mounted on the automatically controlled telescopic rod of first segment end, and can together be stretched with end,
Second laser rangefinder is mounted on the middle part of first segment, and first, second laser range finder is installation in the same direction；5th laser ranging
Instrument is mounted in the lower part of second laser rangefinder and relative to the reversed 180 degree of first laser rangefinder on first segment；Third swashs
Optar is mounted on the middle part of third section, and the 4th laser range finder is mounted on the automatically controlled telescopic rod of third section end, and can
It stretches together with end；Third, the 4th laser range finder in the same direction installation and it is opposite with first, second laser range finder；
The detection driving device is used to implement the laser detector between non-detection position and test position
Conversion；Wherein support vertical is mounted on the middle position of pedestal, and stent side is equipped with the first guide rail, and the first crossbearer is mounted on stent
The first guide rail on, by the first servo motor driving can make the first crossbearer along hang down straight elevator；It is equipped on the upside of first crossbearer
Second guide rail, the second crossbearer are mounted on the second guide rail of the first crossbearer, can make the second horizontal stroke by the driving of the second servo motor
Frame horizontally moves left and right；Right angle Z-shaped frame is mounted on the end of the second crossbearer, and makes right angle by the driving of third servo motor
Z-shaped frame is realized to be rotated in 360 degree of ranges；
The control process device using industrial personal computer as processing core component, by built-in programming software program to the
One~third servo motor and the first~the 5th laser range finder send control signal, realize to first~third servo motor
Start and stop and the measurement action control to the first~the 5th laser range finder；And it receives the first~the 5th laser range finder and collects
Range information, the range information data of reception are filtered with denoising, information separation, multi parameter analysis and optimal center respectively
Algorithm process, obtains measured piece center position coordinates and the size and orientation of center offset, and by the size of center offset
With orientation real-time display on said display means, offset result is shown in a graphical form, finally by concentricity
As a result and forging adjustment requirement is shown on said display means in a graphical form；The display device is aobvious on industrial personal computer
Display screen, the human-computer interaction interface designed by software programming are shown on a display screen, and above-mentioned knot is removed on human-computer interaction interface
Outside fruit display area, it is additionally provided with virtual push button control area.
A kind of detection method of large forgings concentricity testing device based on range measurement principle, this method content include
Following steps：
Step 1：The rotation of first, second servo motor is controlled by virtual push button, makes the first~the 5th laser range finder
It reaches and measures position；
Step 2：The distance between laser detection system and object under test surface is measured by the first~the 5th laser range finder；
Step 3：Control process device is adjusted the distance, and information is filtered, multi parameter analysis is handled with optimal CENTER ALGORITHM, is obtained
To the center position coordinates of two measured pieces, center offset is obtained by calculation；
Step 4：The size of center offset and direction are carried out by real-time display by computer programming on the display apparatus,
Visual graphical information is provided for adjustment forging position.
Due to the adoption of the above technical scheme, the present invention has such advantageous effect compared with prior art：
The detection device of the present invention reaches specified measurement position in a short time；Laser measurement speed is fast, measures institute
It takes time short, measurement and the display of result can be completed in 5-8min, is detected suitable for the concentricity during forging process；Data
Multiple data processing method is employed in terms of processing, concentricity resultant error is made to reach 1mm, and scene can be reduced to the full extent
The influence that ambient noise is brought；The detection device measurement forging's block dimension range of the present invention is wide, suitable for the concentric of most of forging
Degree detection.
Description of the drawings
Fig. 1 is concentricity detection driving device structure figure；
Fig. 2 is control process and display system figure；
Fig. 3 is detection device measuring state schematic diagram；
Fig. 4 is same cylinder two sections centre coordinate display schematic diagram up and down；
Fig. 5 is centre coordinate display schematic diagram when two cylindrical-concentrics are placed；
Centre coordinate display schematic diagram when Fig. 6 is the non-concentric placement of two cylinders.
Specific embodiment
The present invention is described in further detail with specific embodiment below in conjunction with the accompanying drawings：
A kind of large forgings concentricity testing device based on range measurement principle of the present invention, as shown in Figure 1, being examined including laser
Survey device, detection driving device, control process device and display device 16；Wherein laser detector is mainly by right angle Z-shaped frame
15 and five laser range finders composition；Driving device is detected mainly by pedestal 8, stent 7, the first crossbearer 11, the second crossbearer 4 and three
Platform servo motor forms；
The laser detector includes right angle Z-shaped frame 15 and five laser range finders, and right angle Z-shaped frame 15 includes first
Automatically controlled telescopic rod is respectively arranged in section, second segment and third section, first segment and third section；First segment is vertically to second segment is water
It puts down to first segment is at right angles connect with second segment one end；Third section also for vertically to, at right angles connect with the second segment other end,
In the same plane, and first segment and third section are directed toward on the contrary, first segment end and third section for first segment, second segment and third section
End is retractable structure；First laser rangefinder 1 is mounted on the automatically controlled telescopic rod of first segment end, and can be with end together
Flexible, second laser rangefinder 2 is mounted on the middle part of first segment, and first, second laser range finder 1,2 is installation in the same direction；The
Five laser range finders 3 are mounted on the in the lower part of second laser rangefinder 2 and relative to 1 reversed 180 degree of first laser rangefinder
On one section；Third laser range finder 13 is mounted on the middle part of third section, and the 4th laser range finder 12 is mounted on third section end
On automatically controlled telescopic rod, and can together it stretch with end；Third, the 4th laser range finder 13,12 are for installation in the same direction and with first, the
Dual-laser rangefinder 1,2 is opposite；
The detection driving device is used to implement the laser detector between non-detection position and test position
Conversion；Wherein stent 7 is vertically mounted on the middle position of pedestal 8, and 7 side of stent is equipped with the first guide rail 9, and the first crossbearer 11 is installed
On the first guide rail 9 of stent 7, the first crossbearer 11 can be made along vertical straight elevator by the driving of the first servo motor 10；First
11 upside of crossbearer is equipped with the second guide rail 6, and the second crossbearer 4 is mounted on the second guide rail 6 of the first crossbearer 11, passes through the second servo
The driving of motor 5 can be such that the second crossbearer 4 horizontally moves left and right；Right angle Z-shaped frame 15 is mounted on the end of the second crossbearer 4, and
Right angle Z-shaped frame 15 is realized by the driving of third servo motor 14 to rotate in 360 degree of ranges；
As shown in Fig. 2, the control process device is used as processing core component using industrial personal computer 16, pass through built-in programming
Software program sends the 10,5,14 and first~the 5th laser range finder 1,2,13,12,3 of first~third servo motor and controls
Signal, realize the start and stop to first~third servo motor 10,5,14 and to the first~the 5th laser range finder 1,2,13,
12nd, 3 measurement action control；And 1,2,13,12,3 collected range information of the first~the 5th laser range finder is received, docking
The range information data of receipts be filtered respectively denoising, information separation, multi parameter analysis and optimal CENTER ALGORITHM processing, obtain by
Part center position coordinates and the size and orientation of center offset are surveyed, and by the size of center offset and orientation in the display
Real-time display on device 17 shows offset result in a graphical form, finally adjusts concentricity result and forging
It is required that it is shown in a graphical form in the display device 17；The display device 17 is the display screen on industrial personal computer 16, is led to
The human-computer interaction interface for crossing software programming design is shown on a display screen, and the above results viewing area is removed on human-computer interaction interface
It is overseas, it is additionally provided with virtual push button control area.
It is illustrated for apparatus of the present invention is used to measure upset cylinder below：
As shown in figure 3, first laser rangefinder 1 and second laser rangefinder 2 are used to detect upset bar and pecker appearance
Face is to the distance of rangefinder；The automatically controlled telescopic rod elongation of 15 first segment end of right angle Z-shaped frame is controlled to drive first laser during measurement
Rangefinder 1, which reaches, measures position；13 and the 4th laser range finder 12 of third laser range finder is detected in upset cylinder and mandrel retaining ring
Surface is to the distance of rangefinder；When measuring upset cylinder, the 4th laser range finder 12 is in the electricity of 15 third section end of right angle Z-shaped frame
Control telescopic rod drive it is lower reach upset cylinder bottom, detect upset cylinder bottom concentricity, if necessary to detecting core shaft retaining ring concentricity,
4th laser range finder 12 continues to be moved down into mandrel retaining ring, the inner surface distance of air plug gauge retaining ring.Right angle Z-shaped frame
15 realize that the 360 degree of scannings of upset bar, pecker and upset cylinder surface distance measure under the drive of third servo motor 14；When sharp
During beam orthogonal press wall, third laser range finder 13 obtains shortest range information, and press wall is examined every time as reference position
When surveying concentricity, synchronous detection reference position is eliminated due to azimuth information error caused by vibrations.
The motion process of the detection device is as follows：
(a), laser detector horizontal movement on guide rail 6 makes laser detector by being moved in press outside press；
(b), laser detector moves vertically on the rail 9, wherein third and fourth liang in right angle Z-shaped frame third section
Platform laser range finder 13 and 12 is entered in upset cylinder；
(c), laser detector 360 degree rotation under the drive of third servo motor 14 realizes upset cylinder, upset bar, mandrel
The measurement of retaining ring and pecker surface distance.
As shown in Fig. 2, control program and data processor are developed using industrial personal computer 16, using VisualStudio, work
Software and Matlab combined programmings are controlled, wherein Matlab is mainly used for the processing of data；Industrial personal computer 16 and three servo motors and
Five laser range finders are communicated using cable, and control program includes three servo motors of control and five laser range finders
Operation, data receiver is to receive the range information passed back of five laser range finders, and data processor is included to the excellent of data
Change, filter, information detaches and optimizes the volume of data processing procedures such as CENTER ALGORITHM；Be divided on display screen 17 control section and
Graphic result display portion, in control interface part, operating personnel can be realized by the virtual push button set on interface to three
The action control of servo motor and five laser range finders；In graphic result display interface part, it is tested the profile of forging and same
Heart degree situation here it is shown that, in order to control personnel the relative position offer of upset cylinder, upset bar, mandrel retaining ring and pecker is provided can
Depending on the pattern data information of change.
The data processing method of the present invention：
(a) distance between laser detection system and object under test is obtained by five laser range finders；
(b) information of adjusting the distance is filtered denoising, multi parameter analysis and optimal CENTER ALGORITHM and handles, if cylindrical center position
For (X1, Y1), theoretical distance, that is, cylindrical radius of cylindrical center and surface point is r1, cylindrical center to the measurement of each surface point
There are one residual values for R1i, each R1 and upset cylinder radius r1 for distance, and the quadratic sum of all residual values is f1, using most
Small square law it is found that when f1 obtain minimum value when obtain optimal center position coordinates (X1, Y1), local derviation is taken to x1, y1 and makes it
It may be such that f1 is minimum value for 0, calculate to obtain center offset：
(c) rotation center for choosing the 5th laser range finder 3 establishes coordinate system as origin, so as to obtain in object under test
Heart coordinate value；
(d) size of center offset is shown in real time on the screen with required moving direction by computer programming
Show, the position to adjust forging provides visual graphical information.
Using designed experimental provision respectively to same cylindrical object, different cylindrical object place with one heart, different cylinders
Three kinds of different situations of the non-concentric placement of object are detected, and the experimental result measured is as shown in Figure 4, Figure 5 and Figure 6.Shown in figure
For the data processed result realized using above-mentioned Processing Algorithm, the specially tested contour images of forging and central coordinate of circle position.
Claims (2)
1. a kind of large forgings concentricity testing device based on range measurement principle, it is characterised in that：The detection device includes swashing
Optical detection device, detection driving device, control process device and display device；Wherein laser detector is mainly by right angle Z-shaped
Frame and five laser range finder compositions；Detection driving device is mainly watched by pedestal, stent, the first crossbearer, the second crossbearer and three
Take motor form；
The laser detector includes right angle Z-shaped frame and five laser range finders, and right angle Z-shaped frame includes first segment, second segment
With third section, automatically controlled telescopic rod is respectively arranged in first segment and third section；First segment is to, second segment is vertically horizontal direction, first
Section is at right angles connect with second segment one end；Third section with the second segment other end also for vertically at right angles connecting, first segment, the
In the same plane, and first segment is directed toward with third section on the contrary, first segment end and third section end is can for two sections and third section
Stretching structure；First laser rangefinder is mounted on the automatically controlled telescopic rod of first segment end, and can together be stretched with end, and second
Laser range finder is mounted on the middle part of first segment, and first, second laser range finder is installation in the same direction；5th laser range finder exists
The lower part of second laser rangefinder and relative to the reversed 180 degree of first laser rangefinder be mounted on first segment on；Third Laser Measuring
Distance meter is mounted on the middle part of third section, and the 4th laser range finder is mounted on the automatically controlled telescopic rod of third section end, and can be with end
It stretches together in portion；Third, the 4th laser range finder in the same direction installation and it is opposite with first, second laser range finder；
The detection driving device is used to implement conversion of the laser detector between non-detection position and test position；
Wherein support vertical is mounted on the middle position of pedestal, and stent side is equipped with the first guide rail, and the first crossbearer is mounted on the of stent
On one guide rail, the first crossbearer can be made along straight elevator of hanging down by the driving of the first servo motor；Second is equipped on the upside of first crossbearer
Guide rail, the second crossbearer are mounted on the second guide rail of the first crossbearer, can make the second crossbearer edge by the driving of the second servo motor
Level moves left and right；Right angle Z-shaped frame is mounted on the end of the second crossbearer, and makes right angle Z-shaped by the driving of third servo motor
Frame is realized to be rotated in 360 degree of ranges；
The control process device using industrial personal computer as processing core component, by built-in programming software program to first~
Third servo motor and the first~the 5th laser range finder send control signal, realize the start and stop to first~third servo motor
And the measurement action control to the first~the 5th laser range finder；And receive the first~the 5th laser range finder it is collected away from
From information, the range information data of reception are filtered with denoising, information separation, multi parameter analysis and optimal CENTER ALGORITHM respectively
Processing, obtains measured piece center position coordinates and the size and orientation of center offset, and by the size of center offset and side
Position real-time display on said display means, offset result is shown in a graphical form, finally by concentricity result
And forging adjustment requirement is shown on said display means in a graphical form；The display device is the display on industrial personal computer
Screen, the human-computer interaction interface designed by software programming are shown on a display screen, and the above results are removed on human-computer interaction interface
Outside display area, it is additionally provided with virtual push button control area.
2. a kind of control detection method of large forgings concentricity testing device based on range measurement principle, it is characterised in that：
This method content includes the following steps：
Step 1：The rotation of first, second servo motor is controlled by virtual push button, reaches the first~the 5th laser range finder
Measure position；
Step 2：The distance between laser detection system and object under test surface is measured by the first~the 5th laser range finder；
Step 3：Control process device is adjusted the distance, and information is filtered, multi parameter analysis is handled with optimal CENTER ALGORITHM, obtains two
The center position coordinates of measured piece, are obtained by calculation center offset；
Step 4：The size of center offset and direction are carried out by real-time display by computer programming on the display apparatus, to adjust
Monobloc forging part position provides visual graphical information.
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| CN108917660A (en) * | 2018-09-18 | 2018-11-30 | 常州利腾机械有限公司 | A kind of double excitation multi-diameter shaft axiality detection device |
| CN109931890A (en) * | 2019-04-15 | 2019-06-25 | 山西阳煤化工机械（集团）有限公司 | A method of for detecting vessel shell concentricity |
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| CN108917660A (en) * | 2018-09-18 | 2018-11-30 | 常州利腾机械有限公司 | A kind of double excitation multi-diameter shaft axiality detection device |
| CN109931890A (en) * | 2019-04-15 | 2019-06-25 | 山西阳煤化工机械（集团）有限公司 | A method of for detecting vessel shell concentricity |
| CN109931890B (en) * | 2019-04-15 | 2020-08-28 | 山西阳煤化工机械（集团）有限公司 | Method for detecting concentricity of pressure vessel shell |
| CN110186400A (en) * | 2019-06-28 | 2019-08-30 | 哈尔滨焊接研究院有限公司 | Friction welding coaxial accuracy detection device and its detection method |
| CN110186400B (en) * | 2019-06-28 | 2024-04-26 | 中国机械总院集团哈尔滨焊接研究所有限公司 | Friction welding coaxiality precision detection device and detection method thereof |
| CN113641155A (en) * | 2021-07-23 | 2021-11-12 | 连云港杰瑞自动化有限公司 | High-temperature forging detection control system |
| CN113916159A (en) * | 2021-10-08 | 2022-01-11 | 南京沃福曼医疗科技有限公司 | Symmetry degree detection and adjustment method for rectangular rotating head |
| CN114353690A (en) * | 2021-12-13 | 2022-04-15 | 燕山大学 | On-line detection device and detection method for roundness of large aluminum alloy annular forging |
| CN115453546A (en) * | 2022-08-25 | 2022-12-09 | 燕山大学 | Contact type measuring device for online measuring large forging and measuring method thereof |
| CN115453546B (en) * | 2022-08-25 | 2024-05-07 | 燕山大学 | Contact type measuring device and measuring method for online measurement of large-scale forge piece |
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