CN108180819B - A kind of ice layer thickness measuring device based on magnetoelastic material - Google Patents
A kind of ice layer thickness measuring device based on magnetoelastic material Download PDFInfo
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- CN108180819B CN108180819B CN201711402168.5A CN201711402168A CN108180819B CN 108180819 B CN108180819 B CN 108180819B CN 201711402168 A CN201711402168 A CN 201711402168A CN 108180819 B CN108180819 B CN 108180819B
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- G—PHYSICS
- G01—MEASURING; TESTING
- G01B—MEASURING LENGTH, THICKNESS OR SIMILAR LINEAR DIMENSIONS; MEASURING ANGLES; MEASURING AREAS; MEASURING IRREGULARITIES OF SURFACES OR CONTOURS
- G01B7/00—Measuring arrangements characterised by the use of electric or magnetic techniques
- G01B7/02—Measuring arrangements characterised by the use of electric or magnetic techniques for measuring length, width or thickness
- G01B7/06—Measuring arrangements characterised by the use of electric or magnetic techniques for measuring length, width or thickness for measuring thickness
- G01B7/10—Measuring arrangements characterised by the use of electric or magnetic techniques for measuring length, width or thickness for measuring thickness using magnetic means, e.g. by measuring change of reluctance
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Abstract
The present invention relates to a kind of ice layer thickness measuring devices, concretely relate to a kind of ice layer thickness measuring device based on magnetoelastic material, belong to automatic measurement technique field, solves existing contact type ice thickness measuring device and there is the problems such as structure is complicated or measurement error is big.The device, including sensing unit and measure-controlling unit；The sensing unit includes annular cylindrical case, magnetoelastic material, magnetoelastic material bracket, AC coil, DC coil, chip select circuit and coil brace；The magnetoelastic material includes multiple sequentially connected magnetic vibration units；The measure-controlling unit includes impedance measuring circuit, DC bias circuit, single-chip microcontroller, serial port circuit and power circuit.The present invention utilizes the magnetoelastic material resonance characteristics difference in air, ice and water respectively, can clearly determine the position of the upper and lower interface of ice sheet, to accurately calculate the thickness of ice sheet.The device has many advantages, such as reliable and stable, and it is accurate to measure.
Description
Technical field
The present invention relates to a kind of ice layer thickness measuring devices, concretely relate to a kind of ice sheet based on magnetoelastic material
Measurer for thickness belongs to automatic measurement technique field.
Background technique
In fields such as weather forecast, ice flood prevention and treatment and facility structure health monitorings, the situation of change of ice layer thickness is one
The important environmental parameters for needing to measure.In order to measure the thickness of ice sheet, people have to drilling of making a hole in the ice, and ruler is utilized to measure ice sheet
Thickness.Although the method measurement of this manual measurement is accurate, time-consuming and laborious, risk is high, cannot monitor continuously, in real time
The variation of ice layer thickness.
Later, some contact ice layer thickness measuring techniques and device occurred in succession.Chinese patent
(201210139060.2) a kind of dual system ice layer thickness measuring device is disclosed, using can two groups of spies that can move up and down
Head clamps ice sheet, and the thickness of ice sheet is calculated by the mobile distance of two probes.Although this method measurement accuracy is high, structure
Complexity, range is small, is difficult to install and safeguard.Chinese patent (200410012164.2) and Chinese patent (200510012794.4)
Conductance type and condenser type ice layer thickness sensor are individually disclosed, the resistance as caused by air, ice and water and capacitor are passed through
Otherness, determines the position of the upper and lower interface of ice sheet, to calculate the thickness of ice sheet.But due to the conductivity of air and ice
Very close with the electrology characteristics such as dielectric constant, both methods cannot all be accurately determined the position at the upper interface of ice sheet, thus
The thickness of ice sheet can not be accurately measured.
Summary of the invention
The technical problem to be solved by the present invention is to for contact type ice thickness measuring device or sensing in background technique
Defect and deficiency existing for device provide a kind of ice layer thickness measuring device based on magnetoelastic material, utilize magnetoelastic material
The position of the upper and lower interface of ice sheet can be clearly distinguished in the difference of resonance characteristics in air, ice and water, thus accurately
Calculate the thickness of ice sheet.
Realization that the present invention adopts the following technical solutions: a kind of ice layer thickness measuring device based on magnetoelastic material,
Including sensing unit and measure-controlling unit；
The sensing unit includes annular cylindrical case, magnetoelastic material, magnetoelastic material bracket, AC coil, direct current
Coil, chip select circuit and coil brace；Annular cylindrical case includes the outer ring of tubular and the tubular that is set in inside outer ring
Inner ring；There is gap between outer ring and inner ring and inside and outside czermak space is closed at two ports；The both ends of inner ring are then opening knot
Structure；The magnetoelastic material includes multiple sequentially connected magnetic vibration units；Magnetoelastic material passes through magnetoelastic material bracket
It is fixed at inner ring center；AC coil, DC coil and chip select circuit are fixed between outer ring and inner ring by coil brace
In gap；AC coil and DC coil be it is multiple, alternating is wrapped on coil brace, is mutually independent.AC coil leans on
The outer wall setting of nearly inner ring, DC coil are close to the inner wall setting of outer ring.The position of each AC coil and magnetoelastic material
Each magnetic vibration unit it is corresponding, need respectively by corresponding magnetic vibration unit surround wherein, make corresponding magnetic vibration
Unit is located at the middle of AC coil.The junction of two neighboring magnetic vibration unit is correspondingly provided with a DC coil, position
The one end not connecting with other magnetic vibration units in the magnetic vibration unit at both ends is also respectively corresponded equipped with an AC line
Circle；
Chip select circuit includes multiple choosing switches, is connected between piece choosing switch by data/address bus.Each DC coil
Pin ground connection, another pin is connected with the input terminal that the choosing of piece switchs.Each pin of each AC coil point
It is not connected with the input terminal of a piece choosing switch.The output end of all piece choosing switches for being connected to DC coil is all connected to one
It rises, forms a direct current common end；The output end of the piece choosing switch of all first pins for being connected to AC coil all connects
Together, an exchange common end is formed；The output end of the piece choosing switch of all second pins for being connected to AC coil is all
It links together, forms another exchange common end；
Measure-controlling unit includes impedance measuring circuit, DC bias circuit, single-chip microcontroller, serial port circuit and power circuit；
The signal excitation output end of impedance measuring circuit exchanges common end with one and is connected, the impedance input of impedance measuring circuit and
Another exchange common end connection, is attached between impedance measuring circuit and single-chip microcontroller by data/address bus；Direct current biasing electricity
The output end on road is connected with direct current common end, and the input terminal of DC bias circuit and one of single-chip microcontroller have D/A output
Pin connection；Chip select circuit and single-chip microcontroller are attached by data/address bus；The input terminal and output end and monolithic of serial port circuit
Serial communication interface in machine is connected；Power circuit gives impedance measuring circuit, DC bias circuit, single-chip microcontroller, serial ports respectively
Circuit and chip select circuit power supply.
The principle of the present invention is as follows: magnetoelastic material can occur flexible total under the action of alternating current magnetic field and D.C. magnetic field
Vibration, causes the impedance spectrum of AC coil to change, and forms formant.Due to the influence of the medium around magnetoelastic material, altogether
Vibration summit changes therewith.Therefore, magnetoelastic material is individually positioned in air, ice and water, and in identical magnetic field ring
The impedance spectrum that coil is measured in border, the formant in three kinds of different mediums can have apparent difference, as shown in Figure 4.
Compared to the formant in three kinds of media, the height of the formant in air is the largest.Due to magnetoelastic material in water by
To frictional force it is bigger than in air, the height of the formant in water can accordingly reduce.Since magnetoelastic material can not be sent out in ice
Formant, would not occur in ice in raw flexible resonance.
Therefore, if by the device of the invention positioned vertical in the hole being drilled in ice face to be measured in advance, the water of subglacial
Principle of the meeting based on linker enters in the inner ring of device, and is frozen into ice again at extraneous temperature.At this moment, magnetoelasticity in inner ring
The medium of surrounding materials is air, ice and water (as shown in Figure 1) respectively according to sequence from top to bottom.Single-chip microcontroller exists by comparing
The resonance peak amplitude size of the impedance spectrum of the AC coil of different location, so that it may judge the position of the upper and lower interface of ice sheet, and
The position of each AC coil is previously known, to calculate the thickness of ice sheet.
Further, the magnetoelastic material is an entirety as made of the cutting of iron-based amorphous alloy ribbon material, including shape
Magnetic vibration unit, connection adjacent magnetic vibration unit and width that shape is rectangle are less than the vibration unit of magnetic vibration unit
Linkage section and positioned at head and the tail two magnetic vibration unit outboard ends extended segment；It is single that the magnetoelastic material bracket is located at vibration
To be positioned to magnetoelastic material at first linkage section and extended segment；Magnetoelastic material bracket on the basis of meeting mechanical strength most
Limits retain more hollowed out areas, can ensure external water, air in this way full of inner ring, to realize measurement.
Compared with prior art, the beneficial effects of the invention are as follows high reliablity, maintenance easy to install can clearly distinguish ice sheet
The position of upper and lower interface, to accurately calculate the thickness of ice sheet.
Detailed description of the invention
Fig. 1 is the sectional view and measure-controlling unit of the sensing unit of the ice layer thickness measuring device based on magnetoelastic material
Circuit block diagram.
Fig. 2 is the schematic shapes of the magnetoelastic material by ferrum-based amorphous alloy strip after cutting.
Fig. 3 is the circuit connection diagram of the ice layer thickness measuring device based on magnetoelastic material.
Fig. 4 is the formant of the magnetoelastic material measured in air, ice and water.
Fig. 5 is the partial enlargement structural representation of Fig. 1.
1- sensing unit, 2- measure-controlling unit, 3- annular cylindrical case, 4- magnetoelastic material, 5- magnetoelastic material branch
Frame, 6- AC coil, 7- DC coil, 8- chip select circuit, 9- coil brace, 10- impedance measuring circuit, 11- direct current biasing electricity
Road, 12- single-chip microcontroller, 13- serial port circuit, 14- power circuit, 15- air, 16- ice sheet, 17- subglacial water, 18- piece choosing switch,
31- outer ring, 32- inner ring, 41- magnetic vibration unit, 42- linkage section, the extended segment 43-.
Specific embodiment
Specific embodiments of the present invention will be described in further detail with reference to the accompanying drawing.
The present invention is made of sensing unit 1 and measure-controlling unit 2, as shown in Figure 1.
Measure-controlling unit 2 includes impedance measuring circuit 10, DC bias circuit 11, single- chip microcontroller 12,13 and of serial port circuit
Power circuit 14.
Annular cylindrical case 3 is the shell of sensing unit 1, for fixing magnetoelastic material bracket 5 and coil brace 9,
It is characterized in the long cylinder an of concentric ring-shaped.The inner hollow of the inner ring 32 of annular cylindrical case 3, and with extraneous connection, but it is outer
Gap two-port between ring 31 and inner ring 32 is closed.Magnetoelastic material bracket 5 is fixed in the interior of annular cylindrical case 3
The inside of ring 32.Coil brace 9 is fixed in the gap between the outer ring 31 and inner ring 32 of annular cylindrical case 1.
Annular cylindrical case 3, magnetoelastic material bracket 5 and coil brace 9 are all made of low-temperature resistant plastic material, preferably resistance to
Low-temperature polyethylene (PE) material.Magnetoelastic material bracket 5 is for fixing magnetoelastic material 4.Coil brace 9 is for fixing AC line
Circle 6, DC coil 7 and chip select circuit 8.
Chip select circuit 8 is for gating or disconnecting AC coil 6 and DC coil 7.Chip select circuit 8 can utilize ANALOG
The Serial Control switch chip ADGS1412 of DEVICES company is realized.ADGS1412 contains four independent single-pole single-throw(SPSTs and opens
It closes, that is, contains four piece choosing switches 18.One pin of each DC coil 7 is grounded, another pin and a piece
The input terminal of switch 18 is selected to be connected.Each pin of each AC coil 6 is connected with the input terminal of a piece choosing switch 18 respectively.
The output end of all piece choosing switches 18 for being connected to DC coil 7 all links together, and forms a direct current common end.All companies
Then the output end of the piece choosing switch 18 of first pin of AC coil 6 all links together, and forms an exchange common end.
The output end of the piece choosing switch 18 of all second pins for being connected to AC coil 6 all links together, and forms another friendship
Flow common end.Assuming that AC coil 6 has n-1 in sensing unit 1, DC coil 7 has n, the piece choosing that chip select circuit 8 should include
The quantity of switch 18 is 3n-2, as shown in Figure 3.ADGS1412 support SPI data/address bus control, therefore multiple ADGS1412 it
Between pass through spi bus connect.
Single-chip microcontroller 12 as the control center of the whole device, needs inclined to chip select circuit 8, impedance measuring circuit 10, direct current
Circuits 11 and serial port circuit 13 are controlled or are exchanged data.Therefore, single-chip microcontroller 12 need to have and chip select circuit 8, impedance
The communication interface that measuring circuit 10 and serial port circuit 13 communicate, should also have the D/A converter of driving DC bias circuit 11.It is single
The microcontroller CC1310 that Texas Instruments can be used in piece machine 12 is not only integrated with 48MHz Cortex inside it@- M3 micro-control
The RF transceiver of device processed, D/A converter and super low-power consumption supports serial communication interface, I2C and SPI communication interface.CC1310 with
It is connected between the chip select circuit 8 built by ADGS1412 by SPI data/address bus.CC1310 is surveyed with the impedance built by AD5933
It is connected between amount circuit 10 by I2C data/address bus.The pin that on CC1310 there is D/A to export is defeated with DC bias circuit 11
Enter end to be connected.
Fig. 5 is the partial enlargement structural representation of device of the present invention, and magnetic vibration unit 41 is from top to bottom located at interior
At the center of ring 32.AC coil 6, DC coil 7 and chip select circuit 8 are from top to bottom sequentially arranged in outer ring 31 and inner ring 32
Gap location.But AC coil 6 is arranged close to 32 outer wall of inner ring, and DC coil 7 is arranged close to 31 inner wall of outer ring
The length of sensing unit 1 need to be designed according to the maximum value of the thickness of ice sheet 16 to be measured, it is appropriate increase or
Reduce annular cylindrical case 3, magnetoelastic material bracket 5, coil brace 9 and magnetoelastic material 4 length and AC coil 6,
The quantity of DC coil 7 and chip select circuit 8, it is ensured that sensing unit 1 is distributed in air 15, ice sheet 16 and subglacial water 17.
The ice layer thickness that ice layer thickness measuring device of the invention is primarily adapted for use in offshore sea ice, river ice or lake ice is automatic
Change measurement.
A specific embodiment is listed below, further description of the technical solution of the present invention.
The embodiment is the ice layer thickness using device measurement lake:
Before measurement, sensing unit 1 need to put in the ice cave chiseled in advance, and pass through outside support perpendicular to the ice face in lake
(such as wood or scaffold etc.) is fixed in ice face.The length of sensing unit 1 requires more than the thickness of ice sheet 16 to be measured.
Subglacial water 17 can be entered in the inner ring 32 of annular cylindrical case 3 due to the principle of linker.Under the action of ambient temperature,
Water in inner ring 32 will become ice.In this way, the magnetoelastic material 4 in inner ring 32 is according to sequence from top to down respectively by air
15, ice sheet 16 and subglacial water 17 are surrounded.
When measurement, single-chip microcontroller 12 controls chip select circuit 8 by data/address bus first and successively gates magnetic to be measured from the top down
Property the corresponding DC coil 7 of vibration unit 41 and AC coil 6, other pieces for disconnecting chip select circuit 8 select switch 18.For example,
When measuring to first magnetic vibration unit 41, single-chip microcontroller 12, which need to control 8 close out sheet of chip select circuit choosing switch 18(, is scheming
Serial number 1,2,3 in 3 and 4), and make the choosing disconnection of switch 18 of other pieces.Then, single-chip microcontroller 12 is defeated by DC bias circuit 11
DC offset voltage out makes DC coil 7 generate biasing magnetostatic field.Single-chip microcontroller 12 is by data/address bus to impedance measuring circuit 10
The progressive value of initial frequency, frequency of pumping signal is set, and progressive number makes impedance measuring circuit 10 be sequentially output frequency sweep alternating current
Pressure makes AC coil 6 generate alternating magnetic field.Meanwhile impedance measuring circuit 10 measures the impedance of AC coil 6, and is converted to number
Word amount.Single-chip microcontroller 12 is read back impedance value at different frequencies by data/address bus from impedance measuring circuit 10, and takes out maximum
Value.The peak value of the maximum value i.e. Fig. 4 middle impedance peak.In air and water, magnetic vibration unit 41 is in alternating magnetic field and partially
It sets and resonates under the action of magnetostatic field, and cause impedance peak, impedance maximum value is not zero.But in ice, magnetic vibration unit 41 exists
It can not resonate under the action of ice, also just there is no impedance peak, impedance maximum value is zero.Impedance maximum value is single-chip microcontroller 12 by comparing
No is zero, so that it may determine the position of the upper and lower interface of ice sheet, and calculate the thickness of ice sheet by the position of upper and lower interface.
Claims (3)
1. a kind of ice layer thickness measuring device based on magnetoelastic material, which is characterized in that including sensing unit (1) and measurement control
Unit (2) processed；
The sensing unit (1) includes annular cylindrical case (3), magnetoelastic material (4), magnetoelastic material bracket (5), AC line
Enclose (6), DC coil (7), chip select circuit (8) and coil brace (9)；Annular cylindrical case (3) includes the outer ring (31) of tubular
And it is set in the inner ring (32) of the internal tubular of outer ring (31)；There are gap and inner and outer ring between outer ring (31) and inner ring (32)
It is closed at two ports in gap；The both ends of inner ring (32) are then hatch frame；The magnetoelastic material (4) include it is multiple sequentially
The magnetic vibration unit (41) of connection；Magnetoelastic material (4) is fixed on inner ring (32) center by magnetoelastic material bracket (5)
Place；AC coil (6), DC coil (7) and chip select circuit (8) are fixed on outer ring (31) and inner ring by coil brace (9)
(32) in gap；The AC coil (6) and DC coil (7) be it is multiple, alternating is wrapped on coil brace (9), each other
Independently of each other；The AC coil (6) is close to the outer wall setting of inner ring (32), and DC coil (7) is close to outer ring (31)
Inner wall setting；The position of each AC coil (6) and each magnetic vibration unit (41) of magnetoelastic material (4) are corresponding, need
Corresponding magnetic vibration unit (41) is surrounded wherein respectively, corresponding magnetic vibration unit (41) is made to be located at AC coil (6)
Middle；The junction of two neighboring magnetic vibration unit (41) is correspondingly provided with a DC coil (7), the magnetic positioned at both ends
The one end not connecting with other magnetic vibration units (41) in property vibration unit (41) is also respectively corresponded equipped with a DC coil
(7)；
The chip select circuit (8) includes multiple choosing switches (18), is connected between piece choosing switch (18) by data/address bus；Often
One pin of a DC coil (7) is grounded, another pin is connected with the input terminal of a piece choosing switch (18)；Each exchange
Each pin of coil (6) is connected with the input terminal of a piece choosing switch (18) respectively；All pieces for being connected to DC coil (7)
The output end of choosing switch (18) all links together, and forms a direct current common end；It is all to be connected to the first of AC coil (6)
The output end of the piece choosing switch (18) of a pin all links together, and forms an exchange common end；It is all to be connected to AC line
The output end of the piece choosing switch (18) for second pin for enclosing (6) all links together, and forms another exchange common end；
Measure-controlling unit (2) includes impedance measuring circuit (10), DC bias circuit (11), single-chip microcontroller (12), serial port circuit
(13) and power circuit (14)；The signal excitation output end of impedance measuring circuit (10) exchanges common end with one and is connected, and hinders
The impedance input of anti-measuring circuit (10) is connect with another exchange common end, impedance measuring circuit (10) and single-chip microcontroller (12)
Between pass through data/address bus connect；The output end of DC bias circuit (11) is connected with direct current common end, DC bias circuit
(11) input terminal is connect with a pin with D/A output of single-chip microcontroller (12)；Chip select circuit (8) and single-chip microcontroller (12) are logical
Data/address bus is crossed to be attached；The input terminal and output end of serial port circuit (13) and the serial communication interface phase in single-chip microcontroller (12)
Connection；Power circuit (14) gives impedance measuring circuit (10), DC bias circuit (11), single-chip microcontroller (12), serial port circuit respectively
(13) it powers with chip select circuit (8).
2. a kind of ice layer thickness measuring device based on magnetoelastic material as described in claim 1, which is characterized in that the magnetic
Elastic material (4) is an entirety as made of the cutting of iron-based amorphous alloy ribbon material, the magnetic vibration being rectangle including shape
The vibration unit that unit (41), connection adjacent magnetic vibration unit (41) and width are less than magnetic vibration unit (41) width connects
Section (42) and the extended segment (43) for being located at two magnetic vibration unit (41) outboard ends of head and the tail；The magnetoelastic material bracket
(5) it is located at vibration unit linkage section (42) and extended segment (43), to fixed to magnetoelastic material (4).
3. a kind of ice layer thickness measuring device based on magnetoelastic material as claimed in claim 1 or 2, which is characterized in that institute
Annular cylindrical case (3), magnetoelastic material bracket (5) and coil brace (9) is stated to be made of low-temperature resistant plastic material.
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| CN201711402168.5A CN108180819B (en) | 2017-12-22 | 2017-12-22 | A kind of ice layer thickness measuring device based on magnetoelastic material |
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| CN201711402168.5A CN108180819B (en) | 2017-12-22 | 2017-12-22 | A kind of ice layer thickness measuring device based on magnetoelastic material |
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| CN108180819B true CN108180819B (en) | 2019-10-15 |
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| CN109141210B (en) * | 2018-09-27 | 2019-10-15 | 山东大学 | A kind of semiconductor pressure resistance icing detector and working method |
| CN110230975B (en) * | 2019-06-20 | 2021-01-12 | 武汉钢铁有限公司 | Steel slag layer thickness measuring device |
| CN117870506B (en) * | 2024-03-12 | 2024-05-14 | 泰安市质量技术检验检测研究院(泰安市特种设备检验研究院) | Road surface thickness detection device that highway engineering was used |
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| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
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| JPS58223704A (en) * | 1982-06-23 | 1983-12-26 | Nippon Kokan Kk <Nkk> | Method for estimating thickness of sea ice |
| CN1152230C (en) * | 2002-07-04 | 2004-06-02 | 太原理工大学 | String-controlled digital coding-decoding sensor and its detecting method |
| CN1221778C (en) * | 2004-02-26 | 2005-10-05 | 太原理工大学 | Ice layer thickness sensor and its detecting method |
| CN200941063Y (en) * | 2006-08-23 | 2007-08-29 | 郑州永邦电气有限公司 | Magnetostrictive level probe |
| CN101285673A (en) * | 2008-06-06 | 2008-10-15 | 太原理工大学 | Capacitance ratio type ice-covering thickness sensor and its detection method |
| US8049522B2 (en) * | 2008-08-26 | 2011-11-01 | Evapco, Inc. | Ice thickness probe, ice thickness probe assembly and ice thickness monitoring apparatus |
| CN101476864B (en) * | 2009-02-11 | 2011-05-04 | 中国极地研究中心 | Sea ice thickness measurement system |
| CN201697603U (en) * | 2010-04-22 | 2011-01-05 | 哈尔滨市东北汽车电子工程技术研究开发中心 | Ice sensor adopting vibration tube principle |
| CN105571478B (en) * | 2015-12-24 | 2018-06-19 | 太原航空仪表有限公司 | Piezoelectric type vibration cylinder freezing sensor and its method for measuring ice condition |
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