CN108175542B - Finger joint prosthesis structure - Google Patents
Finger joint prosthesis structure Download PDFInfo
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- CN108175542B CN108175542B CN201711496306.0A CN201711496306A CN108175542B CN 108175542 B CN108175542 B CN 108175542B CN 201711496306 A CN201711496306 A CN 201711496306A CN 108175542 B CN108175542 B CN 108175542B
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- head
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- 210000001145 finger joint Anatomy 0.000 title claims abstract description 23
- 230000002512 anti-withdrawal effect Effects 0.000 claims description 6
- 239000004698 Polyethylene Substances 0.000 claims description 5
- 229910001069 Ti alloy Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 5
- -1 polyethylene Polymers 0.000 claims description 5
- 229920000573 polyethylene Polymers 0.000 claims description 5
- 239000010935 stainless steel Substances 0.000 claims description 5
- 229910001220 stainless steel Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 5
- 239000000602 vitallium Substances 0.000 claims description 5
- 210000002435 tendon Anatomy 0.000 abstract description 13
- 210000002517 zygapophyseal joint Anatomy 0.000 abstract description 12
- 208000010392 Bone Fractures Diseases 0.000 abstract description 9
- 206010017076 Fracture Diseases 0.000 abstract description 9
- 208000035965 Postoperative Complications Diseases 0.000 abstract description 9
- 230000004888 barrier function Effects 0.000 abstract description 4
- 230000009286 beneficial effect Effects 0.000 abstract description 3
- 230000000694 effects Effects 0.000 description 16
- 230000006870 function Effects 0.000 description 10
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 description 7
- 230000008569 process Effects 0.000 description 5
- 238000003780 insertion Methods 0.000 description 4
- 230000037431 insertion Effects 0.000 description 4
- 208000007356 Fracture Dislocation Diseases 0.000 description 3
- 208000002193 Pain Diseases 0.000 description 3
- 230000002146 bilateral effect Effects 0.000 description 2
- 238000010586 diagram Methods 0.000 description 2
- 238000006073 displacement reaction Methods 0.000 description 2
- 238000009434 installation Methods 0.000 description 2
- 210000003041 ligament Anatomy 0.000 description 2
- 210000000811 metacarpophalangeal joint Anatomy 0.000 description 2
- 210000003205 muscle Anatomy 0.000 description 2
- 206010039073 rheumatoid arthritis Diseases 0.000 description 2
- 208000006820 Arthralgia Diseases 0.000 description 1
- 208000000094 Chronic Pain Diseases 0.000 description 1
- 208000016285 Movement disease Diseases 0.000 description 1
- 206010058046 Post procedural complication Diseases 0.000 description 1
- 208000031320 Teratogenesis Diseases 0.000 description 1
- 210000003423 ankle Anatomy 0.000 description 1
- 206010003246 arthritis Diseases 0.000 description 1
- 230000007547 defect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000013461 design Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000011161 development Methods 0.000 description 1
- 210000001513 elbow Anatomy 0.000 description 1
- 210000002683 foot Anatomy 0.000 description 1
- 210000001624 hip Anatomy 0.000 description 1
- 230000008407 joint function Effects 0.000 description 1
- 210000003127 knee Anatomy 0.000 description 1
- 238000012986 modification Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000004048 modification Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000001356 surgical procedure Methods 0.000 description 1
- 210000001519 tissue Anatomy 0.000 description 1
- 230000003313 weakening effect Effects 0.000 description 1
Classifications
-
- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A61—MEDICAL OR VETERINARY SCIENCE; HYGIENE
- A61F—FILTERS IMPLANTABLE INTO BLOOD VESSELS; PROSTHESES; DEVICES PROVIDING PATENCY TO, OR PREVENTING COLLAPSING OF, TUBULAR STRUCTURES OF THE BODY, e.g. STENTS; ORTHOPAEDIC, NURSING OR CONTRACEPTIVE DEVICES; FOMENTATION; TREATMENT OR PROTECTION OF EYES OR EARS; BANDAGES, DRESSINGS OR ABSORBENT PADS; FIRST-AID KITS
- A61F2/00—Filters implantable into blood vessels; Prostheses, i.e. artificial substitutes or replacements for parts of the body; Appliances for connecting them with the body; Devices providing patency to, or preventing collapsing of, tubular structures of the body, e.g. stents
- A61F2/02—Prostheses implantable into the body
- A61F2/30—Joints
- A61F2/42—Joints for wrists or ankles; for hands, e.g. fingers; for feet, e.g. toes
- A61F2/4241—Joints for wrists or ankles; for hands, e.g. fingers; for feet, e.g. toes for hands, e.g. fingers
-
- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A61—MEDICAL OR VETERINARY SCIENCE; HYGIENE
- A61F—FILTERS IMPLANTABLE INTO BLOOD VESSELS; PROSTHESES; DEVICES PROVIDING PATENCY TO, OR PREVENTING COLLAPSING OF, TUBULAR STRUCTURES OF THE BODY, e.g. STENTS; ORTHOPAEDIC, NURSING OR CONTRACEPTIVE DEVICES; FOMENTATION; TREATMENT OR PROTECTION OF EYES OR EARS; BANDAGES, DRESSINGS OR ABSORBENT PADS; FIRST-AID KITS
- A61F2310/00—Prostheses classified in A61F2/28 or A61F2/30 - A61F2/44 being constructed from or coated with a particular material
- A61F2310/00005—The prosthesis being constructed from a particular material
- A61F2310/00011—Metals or alloys
- A61F2310/00023—Titanium or titanium-based alloys, e.g. Ti-Ni alloys
-
- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A61—MEDICAL OR VETERINARY SCIENCE; HYGIENE
- A61F—FILTERS IMPLANTABLE INTO BLOOD VESSELS; PROSTHESES; DEVICES PROVIDING PATENCY TO, OR PREVENTING COLLAPSING OF, TUBULAR STRUCTURES OF THE BODY, e.g. STENTS; ORTHOPAEDIC, NURSING OR CONTRACEPTIVE DEVICES; FOMENTATION; TREATMENT OR PROTECTION OF EYES OR EARS; BANDAGES, DRESSINGS OR ABSORBENT PADS; FIRST-AID KITS
- A61F2310/00—Prostheses classified in A61F2/28 or A61F2/30 - A61F2/44 being constructed from or coated with a particular material
- A61F2310/00005—The prosthesis being constructed from a particular material
- A61F2310/00011—Metals or alloys
- A61F2310/00029—Cobalt-based alloys, e.g. Co-Cr alloys or Vitallium
Landscapes
- Health & Medical Sciences (AREA)
- Orthopedic Medicine & Surgery (AREA)
- Cardiology (AREA)
- Oral & Maxillofacial Surgery (AREA)
- Transplantation (AREA)
- Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Biomedical Technology (AREA)
- Heart & Thoracic Surgery (AREA)
- Vascular Medicine (AREA)
- Life Sciences & Earth Sciences (AREA)
- Animal Behavior & Ethology (AREA)
- General Health & Medical Sciences (AREA)
- Public Health (AREA)
- Veterinary Medicine (AREA)
- Prostheses (AREA)
Abstract
The invention belongs to the field of medical equipment, and particularly relates to a finger joint prosthesis structure, which comprises a proximal prosthesis, a joint part, a distal prosthesis and a rotating shaft; the proximal prosthesis comprises a proximal prosthesis joint and a proximal prosthesis handle, the joint component comprises a joint component head and a joint component tail, and the distal prosthesis comprises a proximal prosthesis head and a proximal prosthesis handle; the proximal prosthesis joint part and the joint part head form shaft fit connection through the rotating shaft, the joint part tail part is connected with the distal prosthesis head, the proximal prosthesis handle part is in threaded connection with the proximal expansion screw, and the distal prosthesis handle part is in threaded connection with the distal expansion screw. The invention has the beneficial effects that: the semi-closed structure and the ball matching structure are used at the joint part, so that movement barriers caused by the fact that tendons are rolled into a rotating shaft when fingers move are prevented to the greatest extent, the universal rotation is realized, the real movement range of the human facet joint is more met, the fracture risk is reduced, and the function of the normal joint is better realized due to postoperative complications.
Description
Technical Field
The invention belongs to the field of medical equipment, and particularly relates to a finger joint prosthesis structure suitable for joint replacement of hands and feet of a human body.
Background
At present, joint replacement of large joints such as hip, knee, elbow, ankle and the like is mature day by day, and joint replacement of small joints such as metacarpophalangeal joints and the like is still in the primary stage of development. The key reason of the method that people suffering from the facet arthritis, the rheumatoid arthritis and the joint teratogenesis are not treated by joint replacement surgery in China is that at present, there is almost no domestic finger joint prosthesis product in China, and the imported product is expensive and far exceeds the acceptable range of common people. Because of the complex metacarpophalangeal joint structure, the chronic pain, stiffness and deformity of the joints lead to the weakening or losing of hand functions, and the finger joint prosthesis replacement is truly the most effective method for relieving joint pain and improving joint functions.
The existing imported digital joint products are divided into two structural categories, one is a limited type joint prosthesis with two joint handles provided with rotary connecting shafts, and the other is a non-limited type joint prosthesis with two joint handles which are only in convex-concave sliding fit and have no mechanical connecting fit structure. The two structures have the advantages and disadvantages, and the limited type prosthesis has the advantages that the two joint handle prostheses are connected through the middle rotating shaft, so that better stability can be brought, the dislocation risk is reduced, the requirement on ligament musculature is low, and the limited type prosthesis is suitable for patients of all ages. The disadvantage is that. First, since the rotation axis connection part has only one degree of freedom in one direction, there are movements in a plurality of directions in the real movements of the human hand, so there is a risk of breakage. Secondly, the mechanical connection structure rotates and simultaneously easily rolls in muscle tendon tissues, so that pain and movement are blocked. The non-limiting prosthesis has the advantages that the ball socket matched structure is the most suitable for the natural structure of human joint skeleton, but has higher requirements on ligament muscle tissue and risk of dislocation, and most of middle-aged and elderly rheumatoid arthritis patients cannot meet the operation requirement of using the non-limiting prosthesis. There is a strong need for a constrained knuckle prosthesis structure that overcomes the existing problems and is suitable for all ages of structural patients.
Disclosure of Invention
In order to solve the defects of the prior art and products, the invention provides a finger joint prosthesis structure with a semi-closed joint part and ball fit, which avoids pain and joint movement disorder caused by tendon tissue entanglement in the movement process. And a certain left and right movement space is increased on the basis of the existing limited type finger joint prosthesis, so that the prosthesis is more in line with the real movement range of the finger joint of a human body, and the risk of fracture dislocation caused by long-time stress fatigue is eliminated.
The technical scheme of the invention is as follows: the finger joint prosthesis structure comprises a proximal prosthesis, a joint component, a distal prosthesis and a rotating shaft, and is characterized in that the proximal prosthesis and the joint component form shaft fit connection through the rotating shaft, the joint component is connected with the distal prosthesis, the other end of the proximal prosthesis is connected with a proximal expansion screw, and the other end of the distal prosthesis is connected with a distal expansion screw;
Further, the proximal prosthesis comprises a proximal prosthesis joint and a proximal prosthesis handle, the joint component comprises a joint component head and a joint component tail, and the distal prosthesis comprises a distal prosthesis head and a distal prosthesis handle;
The proximal prosthesis joint part and the joint part head part are connected in a shaft fit manner through the rotating shaft, the joint part tail part is connected with the distal prosthesis head part, the proximal prosthesis handle part is in threaded connection with the proximal expansion screw, and the distal prosthesis handle part is in threaded connection with the distal expansion screw.
Further, the proximal prosthetic joint has a semi-closed cavity structure; the rotating shaft installing hole is formed in the center of the joint portion of the proximal prosthesis, the joint component installing hole is formed in the front end of the joint portion of the proximal prosthesis, the anti-retreating groove is formed in the inner wall of the rotating shaft installing hole on one side, the positioning structure is arranged on the inner wall of the rotating shaft installing hole on the other side, and cambered surface grooves formed in the two ends in the semi-closed cavity structure corresponding to the rotating shaft installing hole are matched with the head of the joint component.
Further, the whole head of the joint part is spherical, two horn mouths are symmetrically arranged on the left and right of the head of the joint part, the two horn mouths are communicated, and the diameter of each horn mouth is increased from inside to outside; and an assembling table is arranged at the tail part of the joint part.
Further, the rotation axis is along the many open slots of axial distribution, the rotation axis afterbody sets up prevent withdrawing from the boss with prevent moving back the groove and match, the rotation axis front end sets up prismatic structure and round platform structure, prismatic structure with location structure matches, round platform structure radially distributes has the cross opening.
Further, a central hole is formed in the proximal prosthesis handle, an internal thread is arranged in the central hole close to the joint of the proximal prosthesis, the internal thread is matched with and connected with an external thread of the head of the proximal expansion screw, and the proximal prosthesis handle is provided with a plurality of open grooves distributed along the axial direction.
Further, the head of the distal prosthesis is provided with an assembly groove matched with the assembly table, a central hole is formed in the handle of the distal prosthesis, an internal thread is arranged on the part, close to the head of the distal prosthesis, of the central hole, the internal thread is matched with and connected with the external thread of the head of the distal expansion screw, and the handle of the distal prosthesis is provided with a plurality of opening grooves distributed along the axial direction.
Further, the proximal expansion screw and the distal expansion screw have the same structure, the proximal expansion screw and one end of the distal expansion screw are provided with plum blossom grooves, and the other ends of the distal expansion screw and the distal expansion screw are provided with spherical head expansion structures.
Further, the assembly groove adopts a dovetail groove, and the prism structure adopts a regular hexagonal prism.
Further, the proximal prosthesis, the distal prosthesis, the rotating shaft, the expansion screw and the expansion screw are made of titanium alloy, cobalt-chromium-molybdenum alloy or stainless steel; the joint part adopts ultra-high molecular polyethylene.
The invention has the beneficial effects that: simple structure, reasonable in design has semi-closed cavity structure and wholly is spherical joint part head and forms the cooperation structure at near-end prosthetic joint portion, and tendon is rolled into in the axis of rotation when furthest having prevented the finger activity and is caused the activity obstacle, realizes universal rotation and accords with human facet joint's true range of motion more, reduces cracked risk, reduces the better realization normal joint's of postoperative complication function.
Drawings
Fig. 1 is an exploded structural schematic view of embodiment 1 of the present invention.
Fig. 2 is a schematic structural view of the assembly of embodiment 1 of the present invention.
Fig. 3 is a block diagram of the structure of the proximal prosthesis of embodiments 2 and 3 of the present invention.
Fig. 4 is a block diagram of the structure of the proximal prosthesis of embodiments 2 and 3 of the present invention from another perspective.
Fig. 5 is a schematic structural view of the joint members of embodiments 2 and 3 of the present invention.
Fig. 6 is a schematic structural view of the rotary shaft of embodiments 2 and 3 of the present invention.
Fig. 7 is a schematic structural view of a distal prosthesis according to embodiment 3 of the present invention.
Fig. 8 is a schematic structural view of a proximal expansion screw and a distal expansion screw according to embodiment 3 of the present invention.
In the figure: 1. proximal prosthesis, 2, joint component, 3, distal prosthesis, 4, rotation shaft, 5, proximal expansion screw, 6, distal expansion screw, 7, proximal prosthesis joint, 8, proximal prosthesis stem, 9, joint component head, 10, joint component tail, 11, distal prosthesis head, 12, distal prosthesis stem, 13, rotation shaft mounting hole, 14, mounting hole, 15, anti-back groove, 16, positioning structure, 17, semi-closed cavity structure, 18, prismatic structure, 19, cambered groove, 20, flare, 21, mounting table, 22, open groove, 23, anti-back boss, 24, internal thread, 25, frustoconical structure, 26, cross opening, 27, mounting groove, 28, central hole, 29, external thread, 30, plum blossom groove, 31, spherical head expansion structure, 32, stepped terrace.
Detailed Description
A specific embodiment of the present invention will be described below with reference to the accompanying drawings.
The finger joint prosthesis structure comprises a proximal prosthesis 1, a joint part 2, a distal prosthesis 3 and a rotating shaft 4, wherein the proximal prosthesis 1 and the joint part 2 form shaft fit connection through the rotating shaft 4, flexible rotation of the joint is realized, the joint part 2 of the joint is connected with the distal prosthesis 1, the other end of the proximal prosthesis 1 is connected with a proximal expansion screw 5, and the other end of the distal prosthesis 3 is connected with a distal expansion screw 6; the proximal expansion screw 5 and the distal expansion screw 6 are respectively inserted into the medullary cavities at two ends of the joint, and the proximal expansion screw 5 and the distal expansion screw 6 play a role in preventing withdrawal.
The proximal prosthesis 1 comprises a proximal prosthesis joint 7 and a proximal prosthesis stem 8, the joint component 2 comprises a joint component head 9 and a joint component tail 10, and the distal prosthesis 3 comprises a distal prosthesis head 11 and a distal prosthesis stem 12; the proximal prosthesis joint part 7 and the joint part head 9 form shaft fit connection through the rotation shaft 4, the joint part tail 10 and the distal prosthesis head 11 are connected, the proximal prosthesis handle 8 and the proximal expansion screw 5 are connected in a threaded manner, and the distal prosthesis handle 12 and the distal expansion screw 5 are connected in a threaded manner. The joint part of the proximal prosthesis has a semi-closed cavity structure and a joint part head part which is wholly spherical forms a matching structure, so that the tendon is prevented from being involved in a rotating shaft to cause movement obstacle to the greatest extent when fingers move, the universal rotation is realized to be more in line with the actual movement range of the human facet joint, the fracture risk is reduced, and the function of a normal joint is better realized after the postoperative complications are reduced.
The proximal prosthetic joint 7 has a semi-closed cavity structure 17; the center department of near-end prosthetic joint portion 7 sets up rotation axis mounting hole 13 for assembly rotation axis 4, near-end prosthetic joint portion 7 front end sets up joint component mounting hole 14 for assembly joint component, one side rotation axis mounting hole 13 inner wall sets up prevents moving back groove 15, prevent to insert rotation axis 4 to withdraw from, opposite side rotation axis mounting hole 13 inner wall sets up location structure 16, with the prismatic structure 18 phase-match of rotation axis 4, realize the location, prevent to shift, the cambered surface recess 19 that both ends were provided with in the semi-closed cavity structure 17 that rotation axis mounting hole 13 corresponds matches with joint component head 9, two this contact surfaces match and are smooth, realize rotating smooth.
The whole spherical joint part head 9, the surface is smooth, joint part head 9 gets into semi-closed cavity structure 17 through the mounting hole 14 of near-end prosthetic joint portion 7, realize rotating, the tendon is rolled into in the axis of rotation and is caused the activity obstacle when having prevented the finger activity furthest simultaneously, two horn mouths 20 that joint part head 9 bilateral symmetry set up, two horn mouths 20 communicate, the horn mouth 20 is from interior to outside diameter grow, certain activity space about having increased, make the prosthetic more accord with real human finger joint range of motion, the risk of fracture dislocation because of long-time stress fatigue has been eliminated.
The universal rotation is realized within the allowed range of the opening angles of the two bell mouths 20, and the universal rotation is more in line with the real movement range of the human facet joints; the joint part tail 10 is provided with an assembling table 21, which is easy to operate and convenient for connecting the joint part 2 with the distal prosthesis 3. The near-end prosthesis joint part 7 is provided with a semi-closed cavity structure 17 and a joint part head 9 which is wholly spherical to form a matching structure, so that movement barriers caused by the fact that tendons are involved in a rotating shaft when fingers move are prevented to the greatest extent, the two horn mouths 20 which are symmetrically arranged on the left side and the right side of the joint part head 9 realize universal rotation to be more in line with the actual movement range of human facet joints, the risk of fracture is reduced, and the function of a normal joint is better realized by reducing postoperative complications.
The rotation axis 4 along the multiple open slots 22 of axial distribution, rotation axis 4 afterbody sets up prevents to withdraw from boss 23 and prevents to withdraw from the groove 15 matching, rotation axis 4 prevents to insert and withdraw from behind assembled proximal prosthesis 1 and joint part 2, rotation axis 4 head sets up prismatic structure 18 and round platform structure 25, prismatic structure 18 matches with location structure 16, round platform structure 25 radially distributes has cross opening 26, convenient utility tool assembly rotation axis 4.
The proximal prosthesis stem 8 has a central bore 28 therein, the central bore 28 being provided with internal threads 24 adjacent the proximal prosthesis joint, the internal threads 24 being mated and coupled with external threads 29 on the head of the proximal expansion screw 5, and the proximal prosthesis stem 8 having a plurality of axially disposed open slots 22. The proximal prosthesis stem 8 is provided with a stepped platform 32, and after the proximal expansion screw 5 is inserted into the proximal prosthesis stem 8, the proximal prosthesis stem 8 is expanded along the axial opening groove 22, thereby achieving the effect of holding the medullary cavity and preventing the medullary cavity from withdrawing.
The assembly groove 27 is formed in the distal prosthesis head 11 and matched with the assembly table 21, the joint part 2 is conveniently connected with the distal prosthesis 3, the central hole 28 is formed in the distal prosthesis handle 12, the central hole 28 is provided with the internal thread 24 close to the distal prosthesis head 11, the internal thread 24 is matched with and connected with the external thread 29 of the distal expansion screw 6 head, the distal prosthesis handle is provided with the plurality of open grooves 22 distributed along the axial direction, the distal prosthesis handle 12 is provided with the stepped table 32, and after the distal expansion screw 6 is inserted into the distal prosthesis handle 12, the distal prosthesis handle 12 is expanded along the axial open grooves 22, so that the effect of preventing the locking medullary cavity from withdrawing is achieved.
The structure of the proximal expansion screw 5 is the same as that of the distal expansion screw 6, plum blossom grooves 30 are formed in one end of the proximal expansion screw 5 and one end of the distal expansion screw 6, a special plum blossom screwdriver is used for outwards pressurizing a proximal prosthesis handle with four openings to expand the proximal prosthesis handle when the expansion screw retreats, so that the effect of holding a marrow cavity tightly to prevent the marrow cavity from retreating is achieved, spherical head expansion structures 31 are formed in the other ends of the proximal expansion screw and the distal expansion screw, the insertion depth of the proximal expansion screw 5 and the distal expansion screw 6 is limited, and the insertion is prevented from being too deep.
The assembly groove 27 adopts a dovetail groove, is easy to process and realize, is convenient for assembling the joint part 2 and the far-end prosthesis 3, has a firm structure after assembly, adopts a regular hexagonal prism for the prism structure 18, is easy to process and realize, is convenient for realizing the positioning of the rotating shaft, and prevents displacement.
The proximal prosthesis 1, the distal prosthesis 3, the rotating shaft 4, the proximal expansion screw 5 and the distal expansion screw 6 are made of titanium alloy, cobalt-chromium-molybdenum alloy or stainless steel, and have high strength and wear resistance; the joint part 2 adopts ultra-high molecular polyethylene, has ultra-strong wear resistance and self-lubricating property, and is suitable for the movement of the joint part.
Example 1
The finger joint prosthesis structure comprises a proximal prosthesis 1, a joint part 2, a distal prosthesis 3 and a rotating shaft 4, wherein the proximal prosthesis 1 and the joint part 2 form shaft fit connection through the rotating shaft 4, flexible rotation of the joint is realized, the joint part 2 of the joint is connected with the distal prosthesis 1, the other end of the proximal prosthesis 1 is connected with a proximal expansion screw 5, and the other end of the distal prosthesis 3 is connected with a distal expansion screw 6; the proximal expansion screw 5 and the distal expansion screw 6 are respectively inserted into the medullary cavities at two ends of the joint, and the proximal expansion screw 5 and the distal expansion screw 6 play a role in preventing withdrawal.
The proximal prosthesis 1 comprises a proximal prosthesis joint 7 and a proximal prosthesis stem 8, the joint component 2 comprises a joint component head 9 and a joint component tail 10, and the distal prosthesis 3 comprises a distal prosthesis head 11 and a distal prosthesis stem 12; the proximal prosthesis joint part 7 and the joint part head 9 form shaft fit connection through the rotation shaft 4, the joint part tail 10 and the distal prosthesis head 11 are connected, the proximal prosthesis handle 8 and the proximal expansion screw 5 are connected in a threaded manner, and the distal prosthesis handle 12 and the distal expansion screw 5 are connected in a threaded manner. The joint part of the proximal prosthesis has a semi-closed cavity structure and a joint part head part which is wholly spherical forms a matching structure, so that the tendon is prevented from being involved in a rotating shaft to cause movement obstacle to the greatest extent when fingers move, the universal rotation is realized to be more in line with the actual movement range of the human facet joint, the fracture risk is reduced, and the function of a normal joint is better realized after the postoperative complications are reduced.
Example 2
The finger joint prosthesis structure comprises a proximal prosthesis 1, a joint part 2, a distal prosthesis 3 and a rotating shaft 4, wherein the proximal prosthesis 1 and the joint part 2 form shaft fit connection through the rotating shaft 4, flexible rotation of the joint is realized, the joint part 2 of the joint is connected with the distal prosthesis 1, the other end of the proximal prosthesis 1 is connected with a proximal expansion screw 5, and the other end of the distal prosthesis 3 is connected with a distal expansion screw 6; the proximal expansion screw 5 and the distal expansion screw 6 are respectively inserted into the medullary cavities at two ends of the joint, and the proximal expansion screw 5 and the distal expansion screw 6 play a role in preventing withdrawal.
The proximal prosthesis 1 comprises a proximal prosthesis joint 7 and a proximal prosthesis stem 8, the joint component 2 comprises a joint component head 9 and a joint component tail 10, and the distal prosthesis 3 comprises a distal prosthesis head 11 and a distal prosthesis stem 12; the proximal prosthesis joint part 7 and the joint part head 9 form shaft fit connection through the rotation shaft 4, the joint part tail 10 and the distal prosthesis head 11 are connected, the proximal prosthesis handle 8 and the proximal expansion screw 5 are connected in a threaded manner, and the distal prosthesis handle 12 and the distal expansion screw 5 are connected in a threaded manner. The joint part of the proximal prosthesis has a semi-closed cavity structure and a joint part head part which is wholly spherical forms a matching structure, so that the tendon is prevented from being involved in a rotating shaft to cause movement obstacle to the greatest extent when fingers move, the universal rotation is realized to be more in line with the actual movement range of the human facet joint, the fracture risk is reduced, and the function of a normal joint is better realized after the postoperative complications are reduced.
The proximal prosthetic joint 7 has a semi-closed cavity structure 17; the center department of near-end prosthetic joint portion 7 sets up rotation axis mounting hole 13 for assembly rotation axis 4, near-end prosthetic joint portion 7 front end sets up joint component mounting hole 14 for assembly joint component, one side rotation axis mounting hole 13 inner wall sets up prevents moving back groove 15, prevent to insert rotation axis 4 to withdraw from, opposite side rotation axis mounting hole 13 inner wall sets up location structure 16, with the prismatic structure 18 phase-match of rotation axis 4, realize the location, prevent to shift, the cambered surface recess 19 that both ends were provided with in the semi-closed cavity structure 17 that rotation axis mounting hole 13 corresponds matches with joint component head 9, two this contact surfaces match and are smooth, realize rotating smooth.
The whole spherical joint part head 9, the surface is smooth, joint part head 9 gets into semi-closed cavity structure 17 through the mounting hole 14 of near-end prosthetic joint portion 7, realize rotating, the tendon is rolled into in the axis of rotation and is caused the activity obstacle when having prevented the finger activity furthest simultaneously, two horn mouths 20 that joint part head 9 bilateral symmetry set up, two horn mouths 20 communicate, the horn mouth 20 is from interior to outside diameter grow, certain activity space about having increased, make the prosthetic more accord with real human finger joint range of motion, the risk of fracture dislocation because of long-time stress fatigue has been eliminated. The universal rotation is realized within the allowed range of the opening angles of the two bell mouths 20, and the universal rotation is more in line with the real movement range of the human facet joints; the joint part tail 10 is provided with an assembling table 21, which is easy to operate and convenient for connecting the joint part 2 with the distal prosthesis 3. The near-end prosthesis joint part 7 is provided with a semi-closed cavity structure 17 and a joint part head 9 which is wholly spherical to form a matching structure, so that movement barriers caused by the fact that tendons are involved in a rotating shaft when fingers move are prevented to the greatest extent, the two horn mouths 20 which are symmetrically arranged on the left side and the right side of the joint part head 9 realize universal rotation to be more in line with the actual movement range of human facet joints, the risk of fracture is reduced, and the function of a normal joint is better realized by reducing postoperative complications.
The rotation axis 4 along the multiple open slots 22 of axial distribution, rotation axis 4 afterbody sets up prevents to withdraw from boss 23 and prevents to withdraw from the groove 15 matching, rotation axis 4 prevents to insert and withdraw from behind assembled proximal prosthesis 1 and joint part 2, rotation axis 4 head sets up prismatic structure 18 and round platform structure 25, prismatic structure 18 matches with location structure 16, round platform structure 25 radially distributes has cross opening 26, convenient utility tool assembly rotation axis 4.
The proximal prosthesis 1, the distal prosthesis 3, the rotating shaft 4, the proximal expansion screw 5 and the distal expansion screw 6 are made of titanium alloy, cobalt-chromium-molybdenum alloy or stainless steel, and have high strength and wear resistance; the joint part 2 adopts ultra-high molecular polyethylene, has ultra-strong wear resistance and self-lubricating property, and is suitable for the movement of the joint part.
Example 3
The finger joint prosthesis structure comprises a proximal prosthesis 1, a joint part 2, a distal prosthesis 3 and a rotating shaft 4, wherein the proximal prosthesis 1 and the joint part 2 form shaft fit connection through the rotating shaft 4, flexible rotation of the joint is realized, the joint part 2 of the joint is connected with the distal prosthesis 1, the other end of the proximal prosthesis 1 is connected with a proximal expansion screw 5, and the other end of the distal prosthesis 3 is connected with a distal expansion screw 6; the proximal expansion screw 5 and the distal expansion screw 6 are respectively inserted into the medullary cavities at two ends of the joint, and the proximal expansion screw 5 and the distal expansion screw 6 play a role in preventing withdrawal.
The proximal prosthesis 1 comprises a proximal prosthesis joint 7 and a proximal prosthesis stem 8, the joint component 2 comprises a joint component head 9 and a joint component tail 10, and the distal prosthesis 3 comprises a distal prosthesis head 11 and a distal prosthesis stem 12; the proximal prosthesis joint part 7 and the joint part head 9 form shaft fit connection through the rotation shaft 4, the joint part tail 10 and the distal prosthesis head 11 are connected, the proximal prosthesis handle 8 and the proximal expansion screw 5 are connected in a threaded manner, and the distal prosthesis handle 12 and the distal expansion screw 5 are connected in a threaded manner. The joint part of the proximal prosthesis has a semi-closed cavity structure and a joint part head part which is wholly spherical forms a matching structure, so that the tendon is prevented from being involved in a rotating shaft to cause movement obstacle to the greatest extent when fingers move, the universal rotation is realized to be more in line with the actual movement range of the human facet joint, the fracture risk is reduced, and the function of a normal joint is better realized after the postoperative complications are reduced.
The proximal prosthetic joint 7 has a semi-closed cavity structure 17; the center department of near-end prosthetic joint portion 7 sets up rotation axis mounting hole 13 for assembly rotation axis 4, near-end prosthetic joint portion 7 front end sets up joint component mounting hole 14 for assembly joint component, one side rotation axis mounting hole 13 inner wall sets up prevents moving back groove 15, prevent to insert rotation axis 4 to withdraw from, opposite side rotation axis mounting hole 13 inner wall sets up location structure 16, with the prismatic structure 18 phase-match of rotation axis 4, realize the location, prevent to shift, the cambered surface recess 19 that both ends were provided with in the semi-closed cavity structure 17 that rotation axis mounting hole 13 corresponds matches with joint component head 9, two this contact surfaces match and are smooth, realize rotating smooth.
The whole head 9 of the joint part is spherical and has smooth surface, the head 9 of the joint part enters the semi-closed cavity structure 17 through the mounting hole 14 at the front end of the joint part 7 of the proximal prosthesis to realize rotation, meanwhile, the situation that the tendon is involved in the rotation shaft to cause movement obstacle when the finger moves is prevented to the greatest extent, the head 9 of the joint part is provided with two horn mouths 20 which are symmetrically arranged left and right, the two horn mouths 20 are communicated, the diameter of the horn mouths 20 is increased from inside to outside, universal rotation is realized within the allowed range of the opening angles of the two horn mouths 20, and universal rotation is realized to be more in accordance with the real movement range of the human facet joint; the joint part tail 10 is provided with an assembling table 21, which is easy to operate and convenient for connecting the joint part 2 with the distal prosthesis 3. The near-end prosthesis joint part 7 is provided with a semi-closed cavity structure 17 and a joint part head 9 which is wholly spherical to form a matching structure, so that movement barriers caused by the fact that tendons are involved in a rotating shaft when fingers move are prevented to the greatest extent, the two horn mouths 20 which are symmetrically arranged on the left side and the right side of the joint part head 9 realize universal rotation to be more in line with the actual movement range of human facet joints, the risk of fracture is reduced, and the function of a normal joint is better realized by reducing postoperative complications.
The rotation axis 4 along four open slots 22 of axial distribution, rotation axis 4 afterbody sets up prevents to withdraw from boss 23 and prevents to withdraw from the groove 15 matching, rotation axis 4 prevents to insert and withdraw from behind assembled proximal prosthesis 1 and joint part 2, rotation axis 4 front end sets up prismatic structure 18 and round platform structure 25, prismatic structure 18 matches with location structure 16, round platform structure 25 radially distributes has cross opening 26, convenient utility tool assembly rotation axis 4.
The proximal prosthesis handle 8 is internally provided with a central hole 28, the central hole 28 is provided with internal threads near the joint part of the proximal prosthesis, the internal threads are matched with and connected with external threads 29 at the head part of the proximal expansion screw 5, and the proximal prosthesis handle 8 is provided with four open grooves 22 distributed along the axial direction. The proximal prosthesis stem 8 is provided with a stepped platform 32, the interior of the proximal prosthesis stem 8 is hollow and is provided with an expandable structure with four cross openings distributed along the axial direction, and after the proximal expansion screw 5 is inserted into the proximal prosthesis stem 8, the proximal prosthesis stem 8 is expanded along the axial opening groove 22, so that the effect of holding the medullary cavity tightly and preventing withdrawal is achieved.
The assembly groove 27 is formed in the distal prosthesis head 11 and matched with the assembly table 21, the joint part 2 is conveniently connected with the distal prosthesis 3, the central hole 28 is formed in the distal prosthesis handle 12, the central hole 28 is provided with internal threads close to the distal prosthesis head 11, the internal threads are matched with and connected with external threads 29 of the distal expansion screw 6 head, the distal prosthesis handle is provided with four open grooves 22 distributed along the axial direction, the distal prosthesis handle 12 is provided with a stepped table 32, the interior of the proximal prosthesis handle 12 is hollow and provided with four expandable structures with cross openings distributed along the axial direction, and after the distal expansion screw 6 is inserted into the distal prosthesis handle 12, the distal prosthesis handle 12 is expanded along the axial open grooves 22, so that the effect of holding the medullary cavity tightly to prevent withdrawal is achieved.
The structure of the proximal expansion screw 5 is the same as that of the distal expansion screw 6, plum blossom grooves 30 are formed in one end of the proximal expansion screw 5 and one end of the distal expansion screw 6, a special plum blossom screwdriver is used for outwards pressurizing a proximal prosthesis handle with four openings to expand the proximal prosthesis handle when the expansion screw retreats, so that the effect of holding a marrow cavity tightly to prevent the marrow cavity from retreating is achieved, spherical head expansion structures 31 are formed in the other ends of the proximal expansion screw and the distal expansion screw, the insertion depth of the proximal expansion screw 5 and the distal expansion screw 6 is limited, and the insertion is prevented from being too deep.
The assembly groove 27 adopts a dovetail groove, is easy to process and realize, is convenient for assembling the joint part 2 and the far-end prosthesis 3, has a firm structure after assembly, adopts a regular hexagonal prism structure, is easy to process and realize, is convenient for realizing the positioning of the rotating shaft, and prevents displacement.
The proximal prosthesis 1, the distal prosthesis 3, the rotating shaft 4, the proximal expansion screw 5 and the distal expansion screw 6 are made of titanium alloy, cobalt-chromium-molybdenum alloy or stainless steel, and have high strength and wear resistance; the joint part 2 adopts ultra-high molecular polyethylene, has ultra-strong wear resistance and self-lubricating property, and is suitable for the movement of the joint part.
Surgical installation procedure of the finger joint prosthesis structure:
Proximal and distal expansion screws 5 and 6 are attached to the proximal and distal prostheses 1 and 3, respectively: the proximal expansion screw 5 and the distal expansion screw 6 are respectively assembled with the proximal prosthesis 1 and the distal prosthesis 3 through threaded fit, the assembled proximal prosthesis 1 and distal prosthesis 3 with the proximal expansion screw 5 and the distal expansion screw 6 are respectively inserted into the medullary cavities at two ends of the joint, and at the moment, special plum blossom screwdrivers are used for acting on plum blossom grooves 30 of the proximal expansion screw 5 and the distal expansion screw 6, so that the proximal expansion screw 5 and the distal expansion screw 6 respectively retreat into central holes 28 of the proximal prosthesis handle 8 and the distal prosthesis handle 12, and simultaneously the proximal prosthesis handle 8 and the distal prosthesis handle 12 with four open grooves are outwards pressurized to expand the proximal prosthesis handle 8 and the distal prosthesis handle 12, thereby achieving the function of holding the medullary cavities tightly and preventing withdrawal.
Installation of joint components: the assembly table 21 of the joint part tail 10 is connected with the distal prosthesis head 11 through an assembly groove 27, and particularly the assembly groove 27 adopts a non-dovetail groove;
The head 9 of the spherical joint part enters the semi-closed cavity structure 17 through the mounting hole 14 at the front end of the proximal prosthesis joint part 7, and is connected in series through the rotating shaft 4, so that the joint part 4 is in ball fit with the proximal prosthesis 1 and is in shaft fit with the rotating shaft 4. The front end of the rotating shaft 4 adopts a prism structure 18 of a regular hexagonal prism to insert a positioning structure 16 in a rotating shaft mounting hole 13 at one end, an anti-withdrawal boss 23 at the tail end of the rotating shaft 4 is pressed to an anti-withdrawal groove 15 arranged on the inner wall of the rotating shaft mounting hole 13 at the other end, the anti-withdrawal groove is automatically locked, the effect of preventing withdrawal is achieved, and the operation is completed.
Compared with the prior art, the invention has the following beneficial technical effects: the human metacarpal joints not only have the rotation freedom degree along a plane, but also have certain left-right swing and rotation movements. The joint part head part of the invention is of a spherical structure, and simultaneously is provided with two horn openings, so that certain left-right swing and rotation movement can be allowed, and the joint fracture risk caused by long-time fatigue stress is fundamentally avoided.
The foregoing describes an example of the present invention in detail, but the disclosure is only a preferred embodiment of the present invention and should not be construed as limiting the scope of the invention. All equivalent changes and modifications within the scope of the present invention are intended to be covered by the present invention.
Claims (6)
1. The finger joint prosthesis structure comprises a proximal prosthesis, a joint component, a distal prosthesis and a rotating shaft, and is characterized in that the proximal prosthesis and the joint component form shaft fit connection through the rotating shaft, the joint component is connected with the distal prosthesis, the other end of the proximal prosthesis is connected with a proximal expansion screw, and the other end of the distal prosthesis is connected with a distal expansion screw;
The proximal prosthesis comprises a proximal prosthesis joint and a proximal prosthesis handle, the joint component comprises a joint component head and a joint component tail, and the distal prosthesis comprises a distal prosthesis head and a distal prosthesis handle;
The proximal prosthesis joint part and the joint part head form shaft fit connection through the rotating shaft, the joint part tail is connected with the distal prosthesis head, the proximal prosthesis handle part is in threaded connection with the proximal expansion screw, and the distal prosthesis handle part is in threaded connection with the distal expansion screw;
The proximal prosthetic joint has a semi-closed cavity structure; the center of the joint part of the near-end prosthesis is provided with a rotating shaft mounting hole, the front end of the joint part of the near-end prosthesis is provided with a joint part mounting hole, the inner wall of the rotating shaft mounting hole on one side is provided with an anti-withdrawal groove, the inner wall of the rotating shaft mounting hole on the other side is provided with a positioning structure, and cambered surface grooves arranged at two ends in a semi-closed cavity structure corresponding to the rotating shaft mounting hole are matched with the head part of the joint part;
The head of the joint part is in a spherical shape as a whole, two horn mouths are symmetrically arranged on the left and right sides of the head of the joint part, the two horn mouths are communicated, and the diameter of the horn mouths is increased from inside to outside; the tail part of the joint part is provided with an assembly table;
The joint part of the proximal prosthesis is provided with a semi-closed cavity structure and the head part of the joint part which is wholly spherical forms a matching structure; the proximal expansion screw and the distal expansion screw have the same structure, the proximal expansion screw and one end of the distal expansion screw are provided with plum blossom grooves, and the other ends of the proximal expansion screw and the distal expansion screw are provided with spherical head expansion structures.
2. The finger joint prosthesis structure according to claim 1, wherein the rotating shaft is provided with a plurality of open slots distributed along the axial direction, the tail part of the rotating shaft is provided with an anti-withdrawal boss matched with the anti-withdrawal slot, the front end of the rotating shaft is provided with a prismatic structure matched with the positioning structure and a round platform structure distributed with cross openings along the radial direction.
3. A finger joint prosthesis structure according to claim 2, wherein said proximal prosthesis stem has a central bore therein, said central bore being provided with internal threads adjacent said proximal prosthesis joint, said internal threads being mated and connected with external threads of said proximal expansion screw head, said proximal prosthesis stem having a plurality of axially disposed open slots.
4. A finger joint prosthesis structure according to claim 3, wherein said distal prosthesis head is provided with a fitting groove matching said fitting table, said distal prosthesis shank has a central bore therein, said central bore is provided with internal threads near said distal prosthesis head, said internal threads match and connect with said distal expansion screw head external threads, and said distal prosthesis shank has a plurality of axially distributed open grooves.
5. The finger joint prosthesis structure according to claim 4, wherein the fitting groove is a dovetail groove, and the prismatic structure is a regular hexagonal prism.
6. A finger joint prosthesis structure according to any one of claims 1,2 or 4, wherein said proximal prosthesis, said distal prosthesis, said rotatable shaft, said expansion screw, expansion screw are of titanium alloy, cobalt chromium molybdenum alloy or stainless steel; the joint part adopts ultra-high molecular polyethylene.
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| CN201711496306.0A CN108175542B (en) | 2017-12-31 | 2017-12-31 | Finger joint prosthesis structure |
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| CN108042245B (en) * | 2017-12-31 | 2024-04-02 | 天津市美兰生物科技有限公司 | Dislocation and fracture prevention ossicular joint prosthesis |
| CN110811930A (en) * | 2019-11-14 | 2020-02-21 | 胡永成 | Backbone prosthesis of post-rotation type tube expansion structure handle and use method |
| CN110811931A (en) * | 2019-11-14 | 2020-02-21 | 胡永成 | Backbone prosthesis of pronation type expansion pipe structure handle and use method |
| CN113855151B (en) * | 2021-09-09 | 2024-03-19 | 苏州市康力骨科器械有限公司 | Finger joint fusion device marrow cavity file |
| CN114099087A (en) * | 2021-11-24 | 2022-03-01 | 北京爱康宜诚医疗器材有限公司 | Self-expansion anti-dislocation ankle joint tibia lateral prosthesis |
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