CN216535678U - Interphalangeal joint prosthesis - Google Patents

Abstract

The utility model relates to the technical field of medical prostheses, and provides an interphalangeal joint prosthesis. The method comprises the following steps: the intramedullary nail comprises a proximal broach, a distal broach, a phalanx head, a phalanx platform and a rotating screw; wherein, the phalanx platform is inserted into the phalanx head and is hinged with the phalanx head through a rotating screw; the distal end afterbody that indicates bone platform and indicate the bone has cylindrical major structure, and cylindrical major structure is last to be provided with square profile and terminal circular profile, is provided with the transition recess between square profile and the terminal circular profile, and the cover is equipped with the rubber circle on the transition recess. The utility model has the beneficial effects that: the phalange platform, the phalange head, the near-end broach and the far-end broach have certain elasticity, so that large stress can be avoided when the finger is in a bent state or is subjected to external force, and the function of a buffer belt is achieved; in addition, the square profile can increase the limiting effect, and the round profile can facilitate the fixation of the rubber ring in the broach.

Description

Interphalangeal joint prosthesis

Technical Field

The utility model relates to the technical field of medical prostheses, in particular to an interphalangeal joint prosthesis.

Background

At present, joint replacement of large joints such as hip, knee, elbow and ankle is mature day by day, and small joint replacement such as metacarpophalangeal joint is still in the initial stage of development. The key reason that most people suffering from small arthritis, rheumatoid arthritis and joint deformity in China do not accept the joint replacement surgery treatment method is that currently, no domestic finger joint prosthesis products exist, but imported products are high in price and far beyond the acceptable range of the common people. Since the metacarpophalangeal joint has a complex structure, the hand function is weakened or lost due to chronic pain, stiffness and deformity of the joint, and the replacement of the finger joint prosthesis is really the most effective method for relieving joint pain and improving joint function.

Chinese patent CN108175542A discloses a finger joint prosthesis structure, which comprises a proximal prosthesis, a joint component, a distal prosthesis, and a rotating shaft; the proximal prosthesis comprises a proximal prosthesis joint and a proximal prosthesis handle, the joint component comprises a joint component head and a joint component tail, and the distal prosthesis comprises a proximal prosthesis head and a proximal prosthesis handle; the proximal prosthesis joint part and the joint component head form shaft fit connection through a rotating shaft, the joint component tail is connected with the distal prosthesis head, the proximal prosthesis handle is in threaded connection with the proximal expansion screw, and the distal prosthesis handle is in threaded connection with the distal expansion screw. The utility model has the beneficial effects that: the semi-closed structure and the ball matching structure are used at the joint part, so that movement disorder caused by the fact that tendons are involved in the rotating shaft when fingers move is prevented to the maximum extent, universal rotation is achieved, the real moving range of the human facet joints is better met, the risk of fracture is reduced, and the function of achieving normal joints better after postoperative complications is reduced.

However, the finger joint prosthesis structure in the prior patent has the following defects: (1) after the proximal prosthesis joint part, the joint component head part and the rotating shaft are matched, the physiological structure of the interphalangeal joint of the human body is not met; (2) the tail part of the joint component and the head part of the distal prosthesis are in clearance fit, and are easy to extrude or fall off when being subjected to external force; (3) all parts need to be reassembled in each operation process, and the operation is complicated; the components with different specifications and sizes cannot be assembled.

SUMMERY OF THE UTILITY MODEL

The utility model aims to provide an interphalangeal joint prosthesis, which aims to solve the technical problems in the prior art.

In order to achieve the purpose, the utility model adopts the technical scheme that: an interphalangeal joint prosthesis comprising: the intramedullary nail comprises a proximal broach, a distal broach, a phalanx head, a phalanx platform and a rotating screw; wherein the phalanx platform is inserted into the phalanx head and is hinged with the phalanx head through the rotating screw, and the phalanx platform and the distal tail of the phalanx head are identical in structure; the phalange platform and the far-end tail of the phalange head are provided with cylindrical main body structures, square outlines and tail-end circular outlines are arranged on the cylindrical main body structures, a transition groove is arranged between the square outlines and the tail-end circular outlines, and a rubber ring is sleeved on the transition groove; a proximal broach is sleeved outside the phalanx head; the outer portion of the phalange platform is sleeved with a far-end broach, and the near-end broach and the far-end broach are in cone-shaped structures with the same structure.

In an optional embodiment, the proximal broach and the distal broach are in clearance fit with the rubber ring.

In an optional embodiment, the surfaces of the proximal broach and the distal broach are provided with single-sided vertical triangular threads; and the surfaces of the near-end broach and the far-end broach are subjected to spraying treatment.

In an alternative embodiment, the proximal and distal medullary needles are made of a titanium alloy material.

In an optional embodiment, the phalange head is made of cobalt chromium molybdenum material, and the phalange platform is made of polyethylene material.

In an alternative embodiment, the phalangeal head, phalangeal platform, and rotation screw may be configured to rotate unidirectionally after assembly as a joint.

In an alternative embodiment, the phalangeal head, phalangeal platform, swivel screw (5), and two rubber rings are assembled before the factory.

In an alternative embodiment, the proximal and distal medullary needles are screwed into the medullary cavity by the single-sided vertical triangular thread.

The utility model has the beneficial effects that:

(1) the phalanx platform and the rubber ring between the phalanx head and the near-end broach and the far-end broach in the interphalangeal joint prosthesis have certain elasticity, so that the generation of large stress can be avoided when the fingers are in a bent state or are subjected to external force, and the function of a buffer belt is achieved. The tail ends of the phalange head and the phalange platform are connected in a square shape and are round, the square shape can increase limiting effect for the phalange head and the phalange platform, and the round shape can facilitate fixation of the rubber ring in the medullary needle.

(2) The surfaces of the proximal broach and the distal broach in the interphalangeal joint prosthesis are sprayed with alkane, bone cement fixation is not needed, and the structures matched with threads are firmer. In addition, the near-end broach and the far-end broach are both in conical structures, are convenient to match with threads, can be smoothly screwed into the medullary cavity, and the threads belong to single-side vertical triangular threads and are not easy to fall off backwards.

(3) In the interphalangeal joint prosthesis, the proximal broach and the distal broach in the prosthesis with the same specification and model are completely the same in size, and the joint parts of the broach with different specifications and models are the same with the tail ends of the phalanges and the tail ends of the phalanges platform, namely, the phalanges platform and the rotating screws which are connected together with different models can be randomly matched with the proximal broach and the distal broach according to the conditions of patients in the operation process.

Drawings

In order to more clearly illustrate the technical solutions in the embodiments of the present invention, the drawings needed for the embodiments or the prior art descriptions will be briefly described below, and it is obvious that the drawings in the following description are only some embodiments of the present invention, and it is obvious for those skilled in the art to obtain other drawings without creative efforts.

Fig. 1 is a first schematic structural diagram of an interphalangeal joint prosthesis according to an embodiment of the present invention.

Fig. 2 is a front view of an interphalangeal joint prosthesis according to one embodiment of the present invention, with the broach not installed.

FIG. 3 is a top view of an interphalangeal joint prosthesis according to one embodiment of the present invention, shown without the broach.

Fig. 4 is a schematic view of a thread structure on the surface of a pith in the hinge-type interphalangeal joint prosthesis according to an embodiment of the present invention.

Fig. 5 is a top view of the middle finger head and the broach of the interphalangeal joint prosthesis according to an embodiment of the present invention.

FIG. 6 is a cross-sectional view of a middle finger head and a broach in an interphalangeal joint prosthesis according to an embodiment of the present invention.

Wherein, the reference numbers in the figures are: 1. the nail comprises a proximal broach, a distal broach, a phalanx 3, a phalanx platform 4, a rotating screw 5, a rubber ring 6, a single-sided vertical triangular thread 7, a square profile 8, a circular profile 9 and a transition groove 10.

Detailed Description

In order to make the technical problems, technical solutions and advantageous effects to be solved by the present invention more clearly apparent, the present invention is further described in detail below with reference to the accompanying drawings and embodiments. It should be understood that the specific embodiments described herein are merely illustrative of the utility model and are not intended to limit the utility model.

It will be understood that when an element is referred to as being "secured to" or "disposed on" another element, it can be directly or indirectly secured to the other element. When an element is referred to as being "connected to" another element, it can be directly or indirectly connected to the other element. The terms "upper", "lower", "left", "right", "front", "rear", "vertical", "horizontal", "top", "bottom", "inner", "outer", and the like indicate orientations or positions based on the orientations or positions shown in the drawings, and are for convenience of description only and not to be construed as limiting the technical solution. The terms "first", "second" and "first" are used merely for descriptive purposes and are not to be construed as indicating or implying relative importance or implicitly indicating the number of technical features. The meaning of "plurality" is two or more unless specifically limited otherwise.

Referring to fig. 1-6, the present embodiment provides an interphalangeal joint prosthesis, including: a proximal broach 1, a distal broach 2, a phalanx head 3, a phalanx platform 4 and a rotation screw 5. Preferably, the phalange head 3 is made of cobalt chromium molybdenum material, and the phalange platform 4 is made of polyethylene material, so that the abrasion loss between the two is small.

The phalange platform 4 is inserted into the phalange head 3 and hinged with the phalange head 3 through the rotating screw 5, the phalange head 3, the phalange platform 4 and the rotating screw 5 are connected together to form a hinge structure, so that the anti-falling function can be achieved, and especially when diseases such as rheumatoid arthritis are serious and hand skin and ligaments of a patient are seriously damaged, interphalangeal joints of the hinge structure must be used.

It should be noted that the phalange head 3, the phalange platform 4 and the rotating screw 5 are connected together when leaving the factory, so that the operation difficulty can be reduced, the operation revision is convenient, the prosthesis is more in line with the physiological structure of the interphalangeal joint, and the revision can be avoided if the rotating screw is damaged. In addition, the phalange head 3, the phalange platform 4 and the rotating screw 5 can rotate in a single direction after being assembled as joint parts, so that the motion angle of the interphalangeal joint prosthesis is larger, and the prosthesis fracture possibly caused by trauma to the prosthesis under the condition of limited position is avoided.

Specifically, the phalange platform 4 and the far-end tail of the phalange head 3 are of a cylindrical main body structure, a square outline 8 and a tail-end circular outline 9 are arranged on the cylindrical main body structure, a transition groove 10 is arranged between the square outline 8 and the tail-end circular outline 9, and a rubber ring 6 is sleeved on the transition groove 10. In this embodiment, the ends of the phalange head 3 and the phalange platform 4 are both square profiles 8 connected with circular profiles 9, preferably, the square profiles 8 are square profiles, which can increase the limiting function for the phalange head 3 and the phalange platform 4, and the circular profiles 9 can facilitate the fixation of the rubber ring 6 in the two intramedullary nails.

It should be mentioned that the proximal broach 1, the distal broach 2 and the rubber ring 6 are in clearance fit, so that the phalange platform 4 and the phalange head 3 have certain elasticity with the rubber ring 6 between the proximal broach 1 and the distal broach 2, and when the finger is in a bent state or is subjected to external force, the occurrence of large stress can be avoided, and the function of a buffer belt is achieved.

Further, the outer portion of the phalange 3 is sleeved with a proximal broach 1, the outer portion of the phalange platform 4 is sleeved with a distal broach 2, and preferably, the proximal broach 1 and the distal broach 2 are made of titanium alloy materials, so that biocompatibility is good. The proximal broach 1 and the distal broach 2 are in a cone structure with the same structure, and the cone structure is convenient for matching with threads, so that the two broaches can be smoothly screwed into the medullary cavity. In particular, the structure of the distal tail of the phalange platform 4 is the same as that of the distal tail of the phalange head 3, the proximal broach 1 and the distal broach 2 in the prosthesis with the same specification and model are completely the same in size, and the joint part of the broach with different specifications and models is the same with the tail end of the phalange head 3 and the tail end of the phalange platform 4. During the operation, the phalange head 3, the phalange platform 4 and the rotating screw 5 which can be connected together in different types can be matched with the proximal broach 1 and the distal broach 2 randomly according to the condition of a patient.

And finally, the surfaces of the near-end broach 1 and the far-end broach 2 are sprayed, single-side vertical triangular threads 7 are arranged on the surfaces of the near-end broach 1 and the far-end broach 2, and the near-end broach 1 and the far-end broach 2 are screwed into the medullary cavity through the single-side vertical triangular threads 7 and are not easy to fall off backwards.

The above description is only for the purpose of illustrating the preferred embodiments of the present invention and is not to be construed as limiting the utility model, and any modifications, equivalents and improvements made within the spirit and principle of the present invention are intended to be included within the scope of the present invention.

Claims (8)

1. An interphalangeal joint prosthesis comprising: the nail comprises a proximal broach (1), a distal broach (2), a phalange head (3), a phalange platform (4) and a rotating screw (5);

wherein the phalange platform (4) is inserted into the phalange head (3) and is hinged with the phalange head (3) through the rotating screw (5), and the phalange platform (4) and the distal tail part of the phalange head (3) are identical in structure;

the finger bone platform is characterized in that the far-end tail parts of the finger bone platform (4) and the finger bone (3) are provided with cylindrical main body structures, square outlines (8) and tail-end circular outlines (9) are arranged on the cylindrical main body structures, a transition groove (10) is arranged between the square outlines (8) and the tail-end circular outlines (9), and a rubber ring (6) is sleeved on the transition groove (10); a proximal broach (1) is sleeved outside the phalanx head (3); the outer portion of the phalange platform (4) is sleeved with a far-end broach (2), and the near-end broach (1) and the far-end broach (2) are of conical structures with the same structure.

2. An interphalangeal joint prosthesis according to claim 1, characterized in that said proximal broach (1), distal broach (2) and said rubber ring (6) are in clearance fit.

3. The interphalangeal joint prosthesis according to claim 1, characterized in that the surface of the proximal broach (1) and the distal broach (2) is provided with a single-sided vertical triangular thread (7); the surfaces of the near-end broach (1) and the far-end broach (2) are sprayed and processed.

4. An interphalangeal joint prosthesis according to claim 3, characterized in that said proximal (1) and distal (2) broach is made of titanium alloy material.

5. An interphalangeal joint prosthesis according to claim 1, characterized in that said phalangeal head (3) is made of cobalt chromium molybdenum material and said phalangeal platform (4) is made of polyethylene material.

6. An interphalangeal joint prosthesis according to claim 1, characterized in that the phalangeal head (3), phalangeal platform (4) and rotation screw (5) are unidirectionally rotatable after assembly as a joint site.

7. An interphalangeal joint prosthesis according to claim 1, characterized in that the phalangeal head (3), phalangeal platform (4), rotation screw (5) and two rubber rings (6) are assembled before shipment.

8. An interphalangeal joint prosthesis according to claim 3, characterized in that said proximal (1) and distal (2) broach is screwed into the medullary cavity by said single-sided vertical triangular thread (7).

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