CN108171979A - A kind of tramcar whole day runs time optimization method and system - Google Patents
A kind of tramcar whole day runs time optimization method and system Download PDFInfo
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Abstract
The present invention discloses a kind of tramcar whole day operation time optimization method and system, consider the influence of different intersections signal period duration different in different periods, travel speed on frequency, section by adjusting two-way each shift tramcar and in the berthing time of website, tramcar green light in intersection plays bright time and phasing scheme along the line, optimize the service time of the two-way tramcar of whole day and the robustness of timetable simultaneously, and then ensure that tramcar can not only be run, while can also maintain the higher punctuality rate that arrives at a station with faster speed.Two-way each shift tramcar is determined in the time leaving from station of website according to optimum results, finally obtains tramcar whole day operation timetable.Compared with the conventional method, the present invention improves the punctuality rate that arrives at a station of tramcar, increases the competitiveness of tramcar system, improves the tramcar speed of service, reduces the operation cost of tramcar.
Description
Technical field
The present invention relates to city intelligent public transportation system system regions, more particularly to a kind of tramcar whole day operation
Time optimization method and system.
Background technology
Compared to common public transit vehicle, the headway of domestic and international tramcar operation is generally larger, early evening peak
Departure interval period, the flat peak period was at 15-30 minutes or so at 10-15 minutes or so.
Current existing timetable optimization method mostly towards traditional common public transit vehicle, and towards tramcar when
It is less to carve table optimization method.There are certain otherness between traditional common public transit vehicle and tramcar, it is in particular in
Tramcar enjoys independent right of way, therefore Link Travel Time has stronger stability；And traditional common public transit vehicle and
Public vehicles mix row, and Link Travel Time has stronger fluctuation.
Traditional common public transit vehicle and the otherness of tramcar cause current existing timetable optimization method to satisfy the need
Section journey time considers deficiency, especially has ignored influence of the intersection to journey time, therefore current existing method is often
Need to formulate stronger assumed condition, such as assume every bus travel time is certain, vehicle at the uniform velocity and the time out of the station one
Equally etc., these assumed conditions are difficult to meet in actual life to intersection signal timing cycle duration along fixed, public bus network,
Therefore tramcar system actual motion with it is specified at the time of table there are certain gaps.
Invention content
The object of the present invention is to provide a kind of tramcar whole days to run time optimization method and system, improves rail electricity
The punctuality rate that arrives at a station of vehicle increases the competitiveness of tramcar system.
To achieve the above object, the present invention provides following schemes：
The present invention provides a kind of tramcar whole days to run time optimization method, and the tramcar whole day runs the moment
Optimization method includes：
Build the objective optimization function at tramcar whole day operation moment；The objective optimization function is two-way about whole day
The function of punishment term coefficient of the tramcar out of the sum of the run time of origin-to-destination different periods；
Build the constraints of tramcar operation；The constraints of the tramcar operation includes：Intersect message
The constraint of number timing phasing scheme, tramcar minimum traveling time-constrain on section, tramcar is when website minimum stops
Between constrain, the pact of the not parking intersection different by signal period length of tramcar under the conditions of whole day multi signal timing scheme
Beam is constrained with shift tramcar time headway forwards, backwards, and u-turn shift reaches the changing shifts duration constraint between frequency；It is described
Signal timing dial phasing scheme is the scheme that public vehicles Dual Left Turn green time difference sequencing is formed, and the multi signal is matched
When scheme be morning peak, noon peak, evening peak, the signal time distributing conception under flat peak, the signal period length refers to a friendship
The sum of traffic light time of prong；
The punishment term coefficient in different periods is determined according to the sensitivity of punishment term coefficient；
The objective optimization functional minimum value is calculated according to the punishment term coefficient and the constraints；
Determine that tramcar whole day runs timetable according to the minimum value.
Optionally, the intersection signal timing phasing scheme constraint includes：
Wherein, αn,k, βn,kAnd γn,kIt is 0-1 variables, (αn,k,βn,k) illustrate intersection n in period k it is positive and negative to the left
Turn four kinds of combinations of difference of green light sequence priority；Work as αn,k=0, βn,kWhen=1, the current sequence of expression is first just to turn left and just
It is carried out at the same time to straight trip, then two-way straight trip, then reversely turns left and reversely straight trip is carried out at the same time；Work as αn,k=1, βn,kWhen=0,
The current sequence represented reversely turns left and reversely keeps straight on to be carried out at the same time to be first, and then two-way straight trip is then just being turned left and positive
Straight trip is carried out at the same time；Work as αn,k=0, βn,kWhen=0, the current sequence of expression is just turns left and reversely turns left to be carried out at the same time, so
Two-way straight trip afterwards；Work as αn,k=1, βn,kWhen=1, the current sequence of expression is first two-way straight trip, is then just being turned left and reversely left
Turn to be carried out at the same time；tgd,n,kRepresent green time of the tramcar in intersection n period k on the d of direction, gd,n,kRepresent direction d
The green time that upper public vehicles are kept straight in intersection n period k, ld,n,kRepresent that public vehicles are in the intersection n periods on the d of direction
The green time to turn left in k, γn,kWhether tramcar green time is influenced by phasing scheme in expression intersection n period k
Coefficient.
Optionally, the tramcar minimum traveling time-constrain on section includes：
Wherein, ttn,(m,d)Represent running time of the m times tramcar of direction d on the n of section, N is all sections
Set,It is the time travelled in section n upper edges direction d with the maximum speed allowed,It is in section n upper edge sides
The time travelled to d with defined minimum speed.
Optionally, the tramcar includes in the minimum dwell time constraint of website：
Wherein, dtn,(m,d)Represent dwell time of the m times tramcar of direction d on website n, S is all websites
Set,It is the minimum time for meeting passenger getting on/off demand on website n direction d,It is in website n side
The maximum dwell time as defined on to d.
Optionally, tramcar is not parking under the conditions of the whole day multi signal timing scheme passes through signal period length difference
The constraint of intersection include：
Wherein, xn,k,(m,d)For 0-1 variables, represent whether the m times tramcar shift of direction d in period k passes through intersection
Mouth n；TkRepresent the initial time of period k；san,(m,d)Represent direction d the m times tramcar shift by intersection n when
Between；tθd,n,kRepresent that n tramcar green lights in period k in intersection play bright moment and T for the first time on the d of directionkTime difference；Sub-district z is in the cycle duration of period k where representing intersection n；yn,k,(m,d)Represent the m times tramcar shift of direction d
Pass through the number of signal period where the n of intersection in period k；twn,k,(m,d)Represent direction d the m times tramcar shift when
Section k passes through the time difference with the tramcar green light bright time during n of intersection；san,(m,d)Represent the m times rail electricity of direction d
At the time of vehicle shift time reaches intersection or website n；sdn,(m,d)Represent direction d the m times tramcar shift leave intersection or
At the time of website n；Represent direction d the m time tramcar shift arrival intersection or website n downstream intersections or
Website n+At the time of；I represents the set of all intersections；S represents the set of all websites；M is fully big number.
Optionally, it is described to include with the constraint of shift tramcar time headway forwards, backwards：
Wherein, sdu(d),(m,d)Represent that the m times tramcar shift of direction d leaves inception point u(d)Time；Table
Show the m times tramcar shift of direction d in kth time period and the minimum value of latter class's tramcar departure interval；It represents
The m times tramcar shift of direction d and the minimum value of latter class's tramcar departure interval in kth time period；
Optionally, the u-turn shift reaches the changing shifts duration constraint between frequency and includes：
Wherein, sav(d),(m,d)Represent that the m times tramcar shift of direction d is reached terminal v(d)Time,
Represent corresponding negative directionIt turns around time of departure of vehicle, F represents that direction d put into effect has
Rail electric car quantity, L represent required minimum time of changing shifts.
It is described that the objective optimization functional minimum value, tool are calculated according to the punishment term coefficient and the constraints
Body includes：
Adjust the frequency of two-way each shift tramcar, the travel speed on section and in the stop of website
Between, along the line intersection tramcar green light rise bright time and phasing scheme, obtain the objective optimization functional minimum value.
Optionally, it is further included before the objective optimization function for establishing the tramcar whole day operation moment：
The signal time distributing conception along the relevant parameter and tramcar of tramcar is obtained, the relevant parameter includes：
Terminus tramcar stores vehicle number, the maximum travelling speed that tramcar allows, defined minimum travel speed and rail electricity
Minimum dwell time, defined maximum dwell time of the vehicle in different periods needed for each website；The signal time distributing conception
Including：Each intersection cycle duration of signal time distributing conception, each crossing turn in different periods green time, Ge Gesuo
State initial time and the end time of signal control work zone different periods；
Determine forward and reverse tramcar on each section according to the relevant parameter and the signal time distributing conception
Time of traveling and in each website berthing time.
The present invention also provides a kind of tramcar whole days to run time optimization system, when the tramcar whole day is runed
Optimization system is carved to include：
Objective optimization function builds module, for building the objective optimization function at tramcar whole day operation moment；It is described
Objective optimization function is the punishment about the two-way tramcar of whole day out of the sum of the run time of origin-to-destination different periods
The function of term coefficient；
Constraints builds module, for building the constraints of tramcar operation；The constraints includes：Intersect
The phasing scheme constraint of mouth signal timing dial, tramcar minimum traveling time-constrain, tramcar on section stop in website minimum
It stands time-constrain, the not parking intersection by different cycles duration of tramcar is about under the conditions of whole day multi signal timing scheme
Beam is constrained with shift tramcar time headway forwards, backwards, and u-turn shift reaches the changing shifts duration constraint between frequency；It is described
The signal timing dial period refers to the sum of traffic light time of an intersection；
Penalty term coefficient determination module, for determining the punishment term system in different periods according to the sensitivity of punishment term coefficient
Number；
Minimum value computing module, for calculating the objective optimization according to the punishment term coefficient and the constraints
Functional minimum value；
Whole day runs timetable determining module, for determining that tramcar whole day runs timetable according to the minimum value.
According to specific embodiment provided by the invention, the invention discloses following technique effects：
The present invention discloses a kind of tramcar whole day operation time optimization method and system, it is contemplated that different intersections are not
The influence of the signal period duration different in the period, on the frequency, section by adjusting two-way each shift tramcar
Travel speed and the berthing time of website, along the line intersection tramcar green light rise bright time and phasing scheme, together
The service time of the two-way tramcar of Shi Youhua whole days and the robustness of timetable, and then ensure that tramcar can not only be with
Faster speed operation, while can also maintain the higher punctuality rate that arrives at a station.Two-way each shift rail electricity is determined according to optimum results
Vehicle finally obtains tramcar whole day operation timetable in the time leaving from station of website.The tramcar obtained by the present invention is complete
Its operation timetable matches with practical operating condition, compared with the conventional method, improves the punctuality rate that arrives at a station of tramcar,
Increase the competitiveness of tramcar system；To minimize the two-way tramcar of whole day from the sum of run time of origin-to-destination
Tramcar timetable is designed for objective optimization, improves the tramcar speed of service, reduces the operation cost of tramcar.
Description of the drawings
It in order to illustrate more clearly about the embodiment of the present invention or technical scheme of the prior art, below will be to institute in embodiment
Attached drawing to be used is needed to be briefly described, it should be apparent that, the accompanying drawings in the following description is only some implementations of the present invention
Example, for those of ordinary skill in the art, without having to pay creative labor, can also be according to these attached drawings
Obtain other attached drawings.
Fig. 1 is the flow chart for the embodiment that a kind of tramcar whole day of the present invention runs time optimization method；
Fig. 2 is the out of phase scheme schematic diagram based on Dual Left Turn green light sequence；
Fig. 3 is the different penalty term coefficient condition down stroke times with being delayed relation schematic diagram to terminus；
Fig. 4 is tramcar 24 hour operation figure；Wherein, horizontal line represents the red of the intersection moment tramcar in Fig. 4
Lamp time, " * " represent the positive tramcar time leaving from station, and "+" represents the reversed tramcar time leaving from station；
Fig. 5 is tramcar 24 hour operation figure partial enlarged view；Wherein, in Fig. 5 horizontal line represent intersection this when be carved with
The red time of rail electric car, " * " represent the positive tramcar time leaving from station, and "+" represents the reversed tramcar time leaving from station；
Fig. 6 is the structure connection figure for the embodiment that a kind of tramcar whole day of the present invention runs time optimization system.
Specific embodiment
Below in conjunction with the attached drawing in the embodiment of the present invention, the technical solution in the embodiment of the present invention is carried out clear, complete
Site preparation describes, it is clear that described embodiment is only part of the embodiment of the present invention, instead of all the embodiments.It is based on
Embodiment in the present invention, those of ordinary skill in the art are obtained every other without making creative work
Embodiment shall fall within the protection scope of the present invention.
The object of the present invention is to provide a kind of tramcar whole days to run time optimization method and system, improves rail electricity
The punctuality rate that arrives at a station of vehicle increases the competitiveness of tramcar system.
In order to make the foregoing objectives, features and advantages of the present invention clearer and more comprehensible, it is below in conjunction with the accompanying drawings and specific real
Applying mode, the present invention is described in further detail.
Fig. 1 is the flow chart for the embodiment that a kind of tramcar whole day of the present invention runs time optimization method.Such as Fig. 1 institutes
Show, a kind of tramcar whole day runs time optimization method, includes the following steps：
Step 101, the objective optimization function at structure tramcar whole day operation moment；The objective optimization function be about
The function of punishment term coefficient of the two-way tramcar of whole day out of the sum of the run time of origin-to-destination different periods.The mesh
Mark majorized function expression be：
∑(m,d)∈M(∑n∈Nttn,(m,d)+∑n∈Stdn,(m,d))+∑(m,d)∈M∑n∈I∑k∈Kμn,k,(m,d)
tw2 n,k,(m,d) (1)
Wherein (m, d) represents the m times tramcar regular bus of direction d, and direction d values are out or in, represent forward direction respectively
Tramcar shift and reversed tramcar shift；
ttn,(m,d)Represent running time of the m times tramcar of direction d on the n of section, N is the set in all sections；
tdn,(m,d)Represent berthing time of the m times tramcar of direction d on website n, S is the set of all websites；
twn,k,(m,d)Represent that the m times tramcar of direction d is green with tramcar at the time of period k is by intersection n
Lamp plays the time difference at bright moment, and K is the set of all periods, and I is the set of all intersections, and M is all tramcar shifts
Set；
μn,k,(m,d)It is twn,k,(m,d)Corresponding non-negative penalty coefficient.
The present embodiment is to minimize the two-way tramcar of whole day from the sum of run time of origin-to-destination as objective optimization
Tramcar timetable is designed, the tramcar speed of service is improved, improves the service level of tramcar, reduce simultaneously
The operation cost of tramcar.
Optionally, it is further comprising the steps of before the objective optimization function for establishing the tramcar whole day operation moment：
Step A1 obtains the signal time distributing conception along the relevant parameter and tramcar of tramcar, the related ginseng
Number includes：Terminus tramcar store vehicle number, the maximum travelling speed that tramcar allows, defined minimum travel speed and
Minimum dwell time, defined maximum dwell time of the tramcar in different periods needed for each website；The signal is matched
When scheme include：Each intersection green time that the cycle duration of signal time distributing conception, each crossing turn in different periods,
The initial time of each signal control work zone different periods and end time.
Step A2 determines forward and reverse tramcar each according to the relevant parameter and the signal time distributing conception
Time for being travelled on section and in each website berthing time.
Step 102, the constraints of tramcar operation is built.The constraints includes：
Constraints 1：Intersection signal timing phasing scheme constrains, the intersection signal timing phasing scheme difference master
It will be in Dual Left Turn green light sequencing position.Constraint expression formula is：
Wherein αn,k, βn,kAnd γn,kIt is 0-1 variables, (αn,k,βn,k) illustrate intersection n in period k it is positive and negative to the left
Turn four kinds of combinations of difference of green light sequence priority.Fig. 2 is the out of phase scheme schematic diagram based on Dual Left Turn green light sequence.Such as
Shown in Fig. 2, phasing scheme 1：Work as αn,k=0, βn,kWhen=1, the current sequence of expression is first just is turning left with forward direct movement simultaneously
It carries out, then two-way straight trip, then reversely turns left and reversely straight trip is carried out at the same time.Phasing scheme 2：Work as αn,k=1, βn,kWhen=0,
The current sequence represented reversely turns left and reversely keeps straight on to be carried out at the same time to be first, and then two-way straight trip is then just being turned left and positive
Straight trip is carried out at the same time.Phasing scheme 3：Work as αn,k=0, βn,kWhen=0, the current sequence of expression is just turns left and reversely turns left same
Shi Jinhang, then two-way straight trip.Phasing scheme 4：Work as αn,k=1, βn,kWhen=1, the current sequence of expression is first two-way straight trip, so
It is just turning left afterwards and reversely is turning left to be carried out at the same time.
Because tramcar usually sail in the road by Central Bank, the green time of tramcar is by forward and reverse public vehicles
Left-hand rotation green light sequence influences.tgd,n,kRepresent green time of the tramcar in intersection n period k on the d of direction, gd,n,kIt represents
The green time that public vehicles are kept straight in intersection n period k on the d of direction, ld,n,kRepresent that public vehicles are in intersection on the d of direction
The green time to turn left in n periods k, γn,kRepresent that whether tramcar green time is by phasing scheme shadow in the n period k of intersection
It rings.
Constraints 2:Tramcar minimum traveling time-constrain, running time on section are being handed over for tramcar
Running time between prong or between intersection and website, not including the dwell time, constraint expression formula is:
Wherein, ttn,(m,d)Represent running time of the m times tramcar of direction d on the n of section, N is all sections
Set,It is the time travelled in section n upper edges direction d with the maximum speed allowed,It is in section n upper edge sides
The time travelled to d with defined minimum speed.
Constraints 3:Tramcar refers to meet in the minimum dwell time constraint of website, the minimum dwell time
The required minimum time of passenger getting on/off, constraint expression formula are:
Wherein, dtn,(m,d)Represent dwell time of the m times tramcar of direction d on website n, S is all websites
Set,It is the minimum time for meeting passenger getting on/off demand on website n direction d,It is in website n side
The maximum dwell time as defined on to d.
Constraints 4:Tramcar is not parking under the conditions of whole day multi signal timing scheme is constrained by different intersections.Institute
It states multi signal timing scheme to refer to for the time variation of the whole day magnitude of traffic flow, in morning peak, noon peak, evening peak, flat peak period
The signal time distributing conception accordingly formulated, the signal control work zone refer to intersecting along the line with the identical signal timing dial period
The region of mouth composition, the signal timing dial period refer to the sum of traffic light time of an intersection.The whole day multi signal is matched
When scheme under the conditions of the not parking expression formula that is constrained by different intersections of tramcar be：
Wherein, xn,k,(m,d)For 0-1 variables, represent whether the m times tramcar shift of direction d in period k passes through intersection
Mouth n；TkRepresent the initial time of period k；san,(m,d)Represent direction d the m times tramcar shift by intersection n when
Between；tθd,n,kRepresent that n tramcar green lights in period k in intersection play bright moment and T for the first time on the d of directionkTime difference；Sub-district z is in the cycle duration of period k where representing intersection n；yn,k,(m,d)Represent the m times tramcar shift of direction d
Pass through the number of signal period where the n of intersection in period k；twn,k,(m,d)Represent direction d the m times tramcar shift when
Section k passes through the time difference with the tramcar green light bright time during n of intersection；san,(m,d)Represent the m times rail electricity of direction d
At the time of vehicle shift time reaches intersection or website n, sdn,(m,d)Represent direction d the m times tramcar shift leave intersection or
At the time of website n,Represent direction d the m time tramcar shift arrival intersection or website n downstream intersections or
Website n+At the time of, I represents the set of all intersections；S represents the set of all websites；M is fully big number.
Constraints 5:It is constrained with shift tramcar time headway forwards, backwards, constraint expression formula is：
Wherein, sdu(d),(m,d)Represent that the m times tramcar shift of direction d leaves inception point u(d)Time；
Represent the m times tramcar shift of direction d in kth time period and latter class's tramcar departure interval
Minimum value；Represent that the m time tramcar shift of direction d and latter class's tramcar departure interval are most in kth time period
Small value；
Constraints 6:Reversing end for end shift arrival and the constraint of changing shifts duration, constraint expression formula between frequency is：
Wherein, sav(d),(m,d)Represent that the m times tramcar shift of direction d is reached terminal v(d)Time,Represent corresponding negative directionIt turns around time of departure of vehicle, F represents the tramcar number that direction d puts into effect
Amount, L represent required minimum time of changing shifts.
Step 103：The punishment term coefficient in different periods is determined according to the sensitivity of punishment term coefficient.In practical operation
When, tramcar can be influenced by some random disturbances, such as the fluctuation of speed.Random disturbances may be delayed rail electricity
Vehicle reaches the time of intersection, therefore tramcar may be influenced that intersection can not be passed through by the defined time by random disturbances
Mouthful, and then wait for next green light in intersection parking.In order to improve the ability of the anti-random disturbances of tramcar, should make to have as possible
Rail electric car passes through intersection in green light early stage.Increase punishment term coefficient can enable tramcar pass through as possible in green light early stage,
However excessive punishment term coefficient can cause tramcar in the website larger dwell time (in order to pass through when green light plays bright
Intersection), and then increase the journey time of tramcar.Therefore the journey time of balanced tramcar and anti-random disturbances are needed
Ability.Penalty coefficient is enabled from zero constantly increase.For each penalty coefficient, the calculating target function under the constraints
Minimum value, specifically includes the frequency for adjusting two-way each shift tramcar, each intersection in unlike signal control work zone
Tramcar green light plays bright time and phasing scheme in different periods, obtains the objective optimization functional minimum value.It can
Optimization method includes but not limited to branch and bound method, cutting plane algorithm etc..Obtain the tramcar moment of given penalty coefficient
Table scheme is delayed two indices evaluation timetable, and be plotted to using traffic simulation software from journey time and to terminus
Terminus is delayed and the relational graph of journey time, as shown in figure 3, selection journey time significantly reduces and is delayed drop to terminus
The limited penalty coefficient of low spatial.
The present embodiment not only increases the tramcar speed of service, improves the service level of tramcar, reduces simultaneously
The operation cost of tramcar, while increase the robustness of timetable so that tramcar can be good at maintaining the moment
The punctuality rate of table reduces the stand-by period of passenger.
Step 104, the minimum of the objective optimization function is calculated according to the punishment term coefficient and the constraints
Value.Adjust the frequency of two-way each shift tramcar, the travel speed on section and the berthing time, along the line in website
Intersection tramcar green light plays bright time and phasing scheme, obtains the objective optimization functional minimum value.
Step 105, it determines that tramcar whole day runs timetable according to the minimum value, specifically includes：
Step B1, at the time of determining that two-way each shift tramcar leaves the signal control work zone according to the minimum value
And draw two-way tramcar 24 hour operation figure；As shown in figure 4, partial enlarged view is as shown in Figure 5.Horizontal line represents in Fig. 4 and Fig. 5
The red time of the intersection moment tramcar, " * " represent the positive tramcar time leaving from station, and "+" represents reversed rail
The electric car time leaving from station.
Step B2 determines that tramcar whole day runs timetable according to the two-way tramcar 24 hour operation figure.
Table 1 is the timetable leaving from station of positive 5th shift tramcar in Fig. 4, is accurate to minute.
| Website | Time leaving from station | Website | Time leaving from station |
| Inception point | 8:34 | Website 10 | 8:53 |
| Website 1 | 8:36 | Website 11 | 8:55 |
| Website 2 | 8:39 | Website 12 | 9:01 |
| Website 3 | 8:40 | Website 13 | 9:03 |
| Website 4 | 8:42 | Website 14 | 9:04 |
| Website 5 | 8:43 | Website 15 | 9:06 |
| Website 6 | 8:47 | Website 16 | 9:07 |
| Website 7 | 8:48 | Website 17 | 9:09 |
| Website 8 | 8:50 | Website 18 | 9:11 |
| Website 9 | 8:51 | Terminus | 9:13 |
The present invention also provides a kind of tramcar whole days to run time optimization system, and Fig. 6 is a kind of rail electricity of the present invention
The structure connection figure of the embodiment of vehicle whole day operation time optimization system, as shown in fig. 6, the tramcar whole day runs the moment
Optimization system includes：
Objective optimization function builds module 601, for building the objective optimization function at tramcar whole day operation moment；Institute
It is punishing out of the sum of the run time of origin-to-destination different periods about the two-way tramcar of whole day to state objective optimization function
Penalize the function of term coefficient；
Constraints builds module 602, for building the constraints of tramcar operation；The constraints includes：
1) intersection signal timing phasing scheme constrains, 2) tramcar minimum traveling time-constrain on section, 3) tramcar exists
Website minimum dwell time constraint, 4) tramcar is not parking under the conditions of whole day multi signal timing scheme passes through different cycles duration
Intersection constraint, 5) constrained with shift tramcar time headway forwards, backwards, 6) u-turn shift reaches and changed between frequency
Class's duration constraint.The signal timing dial period refers to the sum of traffic light time of an intersection；
Penalty term coefficient determination module 603, for determining the punishment in different periods according to the sensitivity of punishment term coefficient
Term coefficient；
Minimum value computing module 604, for calculating the target according to the punishment term coefficient and the constraints
The minimum value of majorized function；
Whole day operation timetable determining module 605, for determining that tramcar whole day runs the moment according to the minimum value
Table.
Tramcar whole day provided by the invention runs time optimization method and system, it is contemplated that different intersections are in difference
The influence of different signal period durations in period, along the line frequency by adjusting two-way each shift tramcar, signal
Phase difference between control work zone, the along the line phase difference in signal control work zone, minimize the two-way tramcar of whole day from starting point to
The sum of run time of terminal, and according to optimum results determine two-way each shift tramcar leave signal control work zone when
It carves, finally obtains tramcar whole day operation timetable.Timetable and reality are runed by the tramcar whole day that the present invention obtains
The operating condition on border matches, and improves the punctuality rate that arrives at a station of tramcar, increases the competitiveness of tramcar system；With most
The two-way tramcar of smallization whole day designs tramcar timetable from the sum of run time of origin-to-destination for objective optimization, carries
The high tramcar speed of service, improves the service level of tramcar, while reduce the operation cost of tramcar.
For system disclosed in embodiment, since it is corresponded to the methods disclosed in the examples, so the ratio of description
Relatively simple, reference may be made to the description of the method.
Specific case used herein is expounded the principle of the present invention and embodiment, and above example is said
The bright method and its core concept for being merely used to help understand the present invention；Meanwhile for those of ordinary skill in the art, foundation
The thought of the present invention, in specific embodiments and applications there will be changes.In conclusion the content of the present specification is not
It is interpreted as limitation of the present invention.
Claims (10)
1. a kind of tramcar whole day runs time optimization method, which is characterized in that the tramcar whole day operation moment is excellent
Change method includes：
Build the objective optimization function at tramcar whole day operation moment；The objective optimization function is about the two-way rail of whole day
The function of punishment term coefficient of the electric car out of the sum of the run time of origin-to-destination different periods；
Build the constraints of tramcar operation；The constraints of the tramcar operation includes：Intersection signal is matched
When phasing scheme constrain, tramcar minimum traveling time-constrain on section, tramcar the website minimum dwell time about
Beam, the constraint of the not parking intersection different by signal period length of tramcar under the conditions of whole day multi signal timing scheme,
It is constrained with shift tramcar time headway forwards, backwards, u-turn shift reaches the changing shifts duration constraint between frequency；The letter
Number timing phasing scheme is the scheme that public vehicles Dual Left Turn green time difference sequencing is formed, the multi signal timing
Scheme is the signal time distributing conception under morning peak, noon peak, evening peak, flat peak, and the signal period length refers to an intersection
The sum of traffic light time of mouth；
The punishment term coefficient in different periods is determined according to the sensitivity of punishment term coefficient；
The objective optimization functional minimum value is calculated according to the punishment term coefficient and the constraints；
Determine that tramcar whole day runs timetable according to the minimum value.
2. tramcar whole day according to claim 1 runs time optimization method, which is characterized in that the intersection message
The constraint of number timing phasing scheme includes：
Wherein, αn,k, βn,kAnd γn,kIt is 0-1 variables, (αn,k,βn,k) illustrate intersection n in period k it is positive and negative turn left it is green
Four kinds of combinations of difference of lamp sequence priority：Work as αn,k=0, βn,kWhen=1, the current sequence of expression is straight with forward direction first just to turn left
Row is carried out at the same time, then two-way straight trip, then reversely turns left and reversely straight trip is carried out at the same time；Work as αn,k=1, βn,kWhen=0, represent
Current sequence first reversely to turn left and reversely straight trip is carried out at the same time, then two-way straight trip is then just being turned left and forward direct movement
It is carried out at the same time；Work as αn,k=0, βn,kWhen=0, the current sequence of expression is just turns left and reversely turns left to be carried out at the same time, Ran Houshuan
To straight trip；Work as αn,k=1, βn,kWhen=1, the current sequence of expression is first two-way straight trip, is then just turning left and is reversely turning left same
Shi Jinhang；tgd,n,kRepresent green time of the tramcar in intersection n period k on the d of direction, gd,n,kRepresent society on the d of direction
The green time that meeting vehicle is kept straight in intersection n period k, ld,n,kRepresent that public vehicles are in intersection n period k on the d of direction
The green time of left-hand rotation, γn,kRepresent in the n period k of intersection tramcar green time whether by what phasing scheme was influenced be
Number.
3. tramcar whole day according to claim 1 runs time optimization method, which is characterized in that the tramcar
Minimum traveling time-constrain includes on section：
Wherein, ttn,(m,d)Representing running time of the m times tramcar of direction d on the n of section, N is the set in all sections,It is the time travelled in section n upper edges direction d with the maximum speed allowed,Be section n upper edges direction d with
The time of defined minimum speed traveling.
4. tramcar whole day according to claim 1 runs time optimization method, which is characterized in that the tramcar
Include in the minimum dwell time constraint of website：
Wherein, dtn,(m,d)Representing dwell time of the m times tramcar of direction d on website n, S is the set of all websites,It is the minimum time for meeting passenger getting on/off demand on website n direction d,It is on website n direction d
The defined maximum dwell time.
5. tramcar whole day according to claim 1 runs time optimization method, which is characterized in that the whole day is believed more
The constraint of the not parking intersection different by signal period length of tramcar includes under the conditions of number timing scheme：
Wherein, xn,k,(m,d)For 0-1 variables, represent whether the m times tramcar shift of direction d in period k passes through intersection n；
TkRepresent the initial time of period k；san,(m,d)Represent the time that the m times tramcar shift of direction d passes through intersection n；t
θd,n,kRepresent that n tramcar green lights in period k in intersection play bright moment and T for the first time on the d of directionkTime difference；Table
Sub-district z is in the cycle duration of period k where showing intersection n；yn,k,(m,d)Represent the m times tramcar shift of direction d in the period
The number that k passes through the signal period where the n of intersection；twn,k,(m,d)Represent that the m times tramcar shift of direction d leads in period k
The time difference of bright time is played when crossing intersection n with tramcar green light；san,(m,d)Represent the m times tramcar shift of direction d
At the time of reaching intersection or website n；sdn,(m,d)Represent that the m times tramcar shift of direction d leaves intersection or website n
At the time of；Represent that the m times tramcar shift of direction d reaches intersection or website n downstream intersections or website n+
At the time of；I represents the set of all intersections；S represents the set of all websites；M is fully big number.
6. tramcar whole day according to claim 1 runs time optimization method, which is characterized in that described with forwards, backwards
The constraint of shift tramcar time headway includes：
Wherein, sdu(d),(m,d)Represent that the m times tramcar shift of direction d leaves inception point u(d)Time；Represent the
The m times tramcar shift of direction d and the minimum value of latter class's tramcar departure interval in the k periods；Represent kth
The m times tramcar shift of direction d and the minimum value of latter class's tramcar departure interval in period.
7. tramcar whole day according to claim 1 runs time optimization method, which is characterized in that the u-turn shift
The changing shifts duration constraint between frequency is reached to include：
Wherein, sav(d),(m,d)Represent that the m times tramcar shift of direction d is reached terminal v(d)Time,
Represent corresponding negative directionIt turns around time of departure of vehicle, F represents the tramcar quantity that direction d puts into effect, and L represents changing shifts
Required minimum time.
8. tramcar whole day according to claim 1 runs time optimization method, which is characterized in that described in the basis
It punishes that term coefficient and the constraints calculate the objective optimization functional minimum value, specifically includes：
Adjust frequency, the travel speed on section and the berthing time in website, the edge of two-way each shift tramcar
Line intersection tramcar green light plays bright time and phasing scheme, obtains the objective optimization functional minimum value.
9. tramcar whole day according to claim 1 runs time optimization method, which is characterized in that is establishing rail electricity
It is further included before the objective optimization function at vehicle whole day operation moment：
The signal time distributing conception along the relevant parameter and tramcar of tramcar is obtained, the relevant parameter includes：Start and end
Point tramcar stores vehicle number, the maximum travelling speed that tramcar allows, defined minimum travel speed and tramcar and exists
Minimum dwell time, defined maximum dwell time in different periods needed for each website；The signal time distributing conception includes：
Each intersection cycle duration of signal time distributing conception, each crossing turn in different periods green time, each letter
The initial time of number control work zone different periods and end time；
Determine that forward and reverse tramcar travels on each section according to the relevant parameter and the signal time distributing conception
Time and in each website berthing time.
10. a kind of tramcar whole day runs time optimization system, which is characterized in that the tramcar whole day operation moment is excellent
Change system includes：
Objective optimization function builds module, for building the objective optimization function at tramcar whole day operation moment；The target
Majorized function is the punishment term system about the two-way tramcar of whole day out of the sum of the run time of origin-to-destination different periods
Several functions；
Constraints builds module, for building the constraints of tramcar operation；The constraints includes：Intersect message
The constraint of number timing phasing scheme, tramcar minimum traveling time-constrain on section, tramcar is when website minimum stops
Between constrain, the not parking intersection by different cycles duration of tramcar constrains under the conditions of whole day multi signal timing scheme, together
Shift tramcar time headway constrains forwards, backwards, and u-turn shift reaches the changing shifts duration constraint between frequency；The signal
The timing period refers to the sum of traffic light time of an intersection；
Penalty term coefficient determination module, for determining the punishment term coefficient in different periods according to the sensitivity of punishment term coefficient；
Minimum value computing module, for calculating the objective optimization function according to the punishment term coefficient and the constraints
Minimum value；
Whole day runs timetable determining module, for determining that tramcar whole day runs timetable according to the minimum value.
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