CN108169039A - A kind of portable small energy impact experimental rig and its application method - Google Patents

A kind of portable small energy impact experimental rig and its application method Download PDF

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Publication number
CN108169039A
CN108169039A CN201711231041.1A CN201711231041A CN108169039A CN 108169039 A CN108169039 A CN 108169039A CN 201711231041 A CN201711231041 A CN 201711231041A CN 108169039 A CN108169039 A CN 108169039A
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impact
bullet
guide rail
linked
shock
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CN201711231041.1A
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CN108169039B (en
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熊华锋
郭江
黄光启
冯福兴
关德新
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AVIC Aircraft Strength Research Institute
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AVIC Aircraft Strength Research Institute
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    • G—PHYSICS
    • G01—MEASURING; TESTING
    • G01N—INVESTIGATING OR ANALYSING MATERIALS BY DETERMINING THEIR CHEMICAL OR PHYSICAL PROPERTIES
    • G01N3/00—Investigating strength properties of solid materials by application of mechanical stress
    • G01N3/30—Investigating strength properties of solid materials by application of mechanical stress by applying a single impulsive force, e.g. by falling weight
    • G01N3/307—Investigating strength properties of solid materials by application of mechanical stress by applying a single impulsive force, e.g. by falling weight generated by a compressed or tensile-stressed spring; generated by pneumatic or hydraulic means
    • G—PHYSICS
    • G01—MEASURING; TESTING
    • G01M—TESTING STATIC OR DYNAMIC BALANCE OF MACHINES OR STRUCTURES; TESTING OF STRUCTURES OR APPARATUS, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
    • G01M7/00—Vibration-testing of structures; Shock-testing of structures
    • G01M7/08—Shock-testing
    • G—PHYSICS
    • G01—MEASURING; TESTING
    • G01N—INVESTIGATING OR ANALYSING MATERIALS BY DETERMINING THEIR CHEMICAL OR PHYSICAL PROPERTIES
    • G01N2203/00—Investigating strength properties of solid materials by application of mechanical stress
    • G01N2203/0001—Type of application of the stress
    • G01N2203/001—Impulsive
    • G—PHYSICS
    • G01—MEASURING; TESTING
    • G01N—INVESTIGATING OR ANALYSING MATERIALS BY DETERMINING THEIR CHEMICAL OR PHYSICAL PROPERTIES
    • G01N2203/00—Investigating strength properties of solid materials by application of mechanical stress
    • G01N2203/003—Generation of the force
    • G01N2203/0032—Generation of the force using mechanical means
    • G01N2203/0035—Spring

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  • Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
  • General Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
  • Health & Medical Sciences (AREA)
  • Life Sciences & Earth Sciences (AREA)
  • Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
  • Analytical Chemistry (AREA)
  • Biochemistry (AREA)
  • General Health & Medical Sciences (AREA)
  • Immunology (AREA)
  • Pathology (AREA)
  • Investigating Strength Of Materials By Application Of Mechanical Stress (AREA)

Abstract

The invention belongs to the measuring technologies of material and structural clays, are related to a kind of portable small energy impact experimental rig and its application method.The present invention includes pull rod, impact guide rail, impact bullet, rubber band and shock-testing head；Wherein, the pull rod is connected with impact bullet；The shock-testing head is installed on the bottom of impact guide rail；The impact bullet is located at impact guide rail interior；The both sides of the impact bullet carry to be linked up on bullet；The impact guide rail both sides are symmetrically provided with longitudinal guide-track groove；Hook coordinates with guide-track groove on the bullet；The both sides of the impact guide rail, which are equipped with close to the positional symmetry of shock-testing head on guide rail, to be linked up with, and is linked up on guide rail corresponding with being linked up on bullet；It is linked up on same side rails and is cased with rubber band on hook on bullet；Laser testing instrument is installed on the test impact head.

Description

A kind of portable small energy impact experimental rig and its application method
Technical field
The invention belongs to the measuring technologies of material and structural clays, are related to a kind of portable small energy impact experiment dress It puts and its application method.
Background technology
There is composite material the characteristics of poor anti-low velocity impact ability, composite material shock resistance damages to be, in collimeter It is internal it is possible that large-scale interior laminate layer in the case that face is without any sign, and its compress bearing capacity can be drastically Decline or even 40% less than damage-free junction structure, and jeopardize the safety of aircaft configuration.In consideration of it, composite structure damage tolerance It is required that key the considerations of being impact damage.At present, the introducing of impact injury is mainly using the experiment marks of U.S. ASTMD 7136 Accurate " measuring standard test method of the fiber reinforced polymer matrix composite to the damage resistence of drop impact event ".
The method that 7136 impact injuries of ASTMD introduce is to rectangle with the device that drops hammer with hemispherical steel impact head Tablet applies concentrates shock loading outside face.Impact variable mainly includes：The quality of impact head, the height of drop of impact head, impact Speed and impact energy.The energy for impacting rectangular flat surface be the potential energy by dropping hammer and Lai kinetic energy, the gesture dropped hammer It can be defined as the quality of impact head and the product of height of drop.
The typical falling weight impact test device of 7136 impact injury introducing methods of ASTMD is as shown in Figure 1.This impact Device mainly includes rigid base, drop impact head, signal transducer and guiding mechanism.Wherein, the quality of impact head should be (5.5 0.25) kg, the smooth impact head with a diameter of (16 0.1) mm and hardness for (60-62) HRC；Signal transducer refers to Time or velocity sensor consider the influence of the friction impact energy of guide rail, need to measure impact head final speed, surveyed Impact energy is calculated on the basis of speed；The cylindrical conduit that guiding mechanism can be passed through using cylindrical impact head.
It is pointed out in 7136 testing standards of ASTMD if being unable to reach institute from 300mm height whereabouts with standard impulse head quality The small impact energy needed is horizontal, then should be replaced using the impact head of band (2.0 0.25) kg mass, illustrate this impact method energy The minimal impact energy of progress is 5.25J (acceleration of gravity is approximately 10.0m/s2), it is impossible to complete rushing less than 5.25J energy Damage is hit to introduce.In addition, this impact method provides impact energy by gravitional force, impact straight down can only be realized, The impact requirement of different angle cannot be met, for example horizontal impact or upwards impact.
Invention content
The purpose of the present invention is：A kind of portable small energy impact experimental rig and its application method are provided.
The technical scheme is that：A kind of portable small energy impact experimental rig, including pull rod 1, impact guide rail 2, Impact bullet 3, rubber band 5 and shock-testing head 7；Wherein, the pull rod 1 is connected with impact bullet 3；The shock-testing head 7 are installed on the bottom of impact guide rail 2；The impact bullet 3 is located inside impact guide rail 2；The both sides of the impact bullet 3 carry 4 are linked up on bullet；2 both sides of the impact guide rail are symmetrically provided with longitudinal guide-track groove；Hook 4 is matched with guide-track groove on the bullet It closes；The both sides of the impact guide rail 2, which are equipped with close to the positional symmetry of shock-testing head 7 on guide rail, links up with 6, on guide rail hook 6 with Hook 4 is corresponding on bullet；It is linked up on same side rails on 6 and bullet and is cased with rubber band 5 on hook 4；The test impact head 7 On laser testing instrument is installed.
Further, scale is carried on the outer wall of the impact guide rail.
A kind of application method of portable small energy impact experimental rig, its step are as follows：By shock-testing head 7 close to quilt The surface of alluvium keeps impact guide rail 2 perpendicular to by shock surface；The number of rubber band is selected according to the demand of impact energy Amount, and rubber band is mounted on bullet on hook and guide rail and is linked up with；Then, pull back pull rod 1 drive impact bullet 3 to After move；Finally, pull rod 1 is discharged, and passes through the laser velocimeter on shock-testing head 7 and measures impact bullet arrival by collimeter The speed in face be can be regarded as according to the speed of impact bullet and weight meter for by the final impact energy of shock surface.
The beneficial effects of the invention are as follows：The present invention is carried for the damage test of composite material and the thin-walled plate structures of metal material For a kind of portable small energy impact experimental rig and its application method, the impact of (0.5~5) J energy can be realized.It is specific next It says, has the following effects that：
A) experimental rig of this small energy impact and method can realize the impact of (0.5~5) J energy, compensate for ASTMD The method that 7136 impact injuries introduce cannot provide the deficiency of small energy；
B) experimental rig of this small energy impact and method can realize the horizontal, impact to first-class various different angles；
C) it solves control problem of the impact device to small energy, and impact energy precision height and repeats；
D) package unit is more compact portable, can be in more complicated structure or the place of inherent space constraints makes With.
Description of the drawings
Fig. 1 is typical falling weight impact test schematic device in the prior art；
The structure diagram of portable small energy impact experimental rig in the present invention of Fig. 2 positions；
Wherein, 1-pull rod, 2-impact guide rail, 3-impact bullet, hook, 5-rubber band, 6-guide rail on 4-bullet Upper hook, 7-impact speed head.
Specific embodiment
The specific embodiment of the present invention is described further below in conjunction with the accompanying drawings.
Referring to Fig. 1, a kind of portable small energy impact experimental rig of the present invention is a diameter of in order to still meet impact head The requirement of 16mm, employ internal diameter slightly larger than 16mm pipeline as impact guide rail, employ 16mm hemispherical impactor heads and The steel impact bullet of 16mm cylindrical weights one.Impact energy is provided using rubber band, ruler is devised on pipeline outer wall Very little scale and rubber band hook, hook is also devised on impact bullet, and rubber band is hung over the hook of pipeline and impact bullet Hook on, the impact energy provided is determined according to the quantity of rubber band and tensile elongation, accurate energy measurement uses The laser velocimeter of guide rail outlet, the kinetic energy calculated according to the speed of impact bullet and weight are final impact energy.Also, The impact method uses source of the rubber band as impact energy, unlike traditional drop impact by gravitional force provides energy Amount, solves the problems, such as Multi-angle impact.
During using portable small energy impact experimental rig of the invention, need pull rod, impact guide rail, impact according to Fig. 2 The components such as bullet, rubber band, impact speed head are completed, and if you need to accurately measure impact energy, need to pacify on impact head Fill laser velocimeter.
When using the present apparatus, by impact head close to by the surface of alluvium, holding impacts guide rail perpendicular to by collimeter Face, can guarantee the vertical incidence of impact bullet in this way, and energy can act in the normal direction by shock surface.According to impact The quantity of the demand selection rubber band of energy, and rubber band is mounted on the hook of bullet and guide rail.Then, pull rod is pulled extremely The tail end of impact bullet is aligned with scale a certain on guide rail.Finally, pull rod is discharged, and impact bullet is measured by laser velocimeter It reaches by the speed of shock surface, can be regarded as according to the speed of impact bullet and weight meter for by the final impact energy of shock surface Amount.

Claims (5)

1. a kind of portable small energy impact experimental rig, it is characterized in that：Described device include pull rod (1), impact guide rail (2), Impact bullet (3), rubber band (5) and shock-testing head (7)；Wherein, the pull rod (1) is connected with impact bullet (3)；It is described Shock-testing head (7) is installed on the bottom of impact guide rail (2)；The impact bullet (3) is internal positioned at impact guide rail (2)；It is described The both sides of bullet (3) are impacted with hook (4) on bullet；Described impact guide rail (2) both sides are symmetrically provided with longitudinal guide-track groove；Institute It states and (4) and guide-track groove cooperation is linked up on bullet；The both sides of the impact guide rail (2) are close to the positional symmetry of shock-testing head (7) Equipped with (6) are linked up on guide rail, hook (6) is corresponding with linking up with (4) on bullet on guide rail；(6) and son are linked up on same side rails It is linked up on bullet on (4) and is cased with rubber band (5)；Laser testing instrument is installed on the test impact head (7).
2. portable small energy impact experimental rig according to claim 1, it is characterized in that：The impact guide rail (2) Scale is carried on outer wall.
3. portable small energy impact experimental rig according to claim 1, it is characterized in that：It is described impact bullet (3) be The steel impact bullet of 16mm cylindrical weights one.
4. portable small energy impact experimental rig according to claim 1, it is characterized in that：The test impact head (7) For 16mm hemispherical impactor heads.
5. a kind of application method of portable small energy impact experimental rig as described in claim 1, it is characterized in that the use Method and step is as follows：By shock-testing head (7) close to by the surface of alluvium, holding impacts guide rail (2) perpendicular to by collimeter Face；The quantity of rubber band is selected according to the demand of impact energy, and rubber band is mounted on bullet on hook and guide rail and is linked up with On；Then, pulling back pull rod (1) drives impact bullet (3) to move backward；Finally, release pull rod (1), and pass through impact and survey The laser velocimeter measurement impact bullet tried on head (7) is reached by the speed of shock surface, according to the speed of impact bullet and again Gauge be can be regarded as by the final impact energy of shock surface.
CN201711231041.1A 2017-11-29 2017-11-29 Portable small-energy impact test device and using method thereof Active CN108169039B (en)

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Cited By (4)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
CN110926968A (en) * 2019-11-21 2020-03-27 中国飞机强度研究所 Improved SHPB test device
CN111707432A (en) * 2020-05-13 2020-09-25 清华大学 Protective impact performance testing device and measuring method for protective structure
CN113720566A (en) * 2021-08-23 2021-11-30 中国飞机强度研究所 Secondary impact prevention device and method and drop hammer impact test device with same
CN116465587A (en) * 2023-03-29 2023-07-21 中国飞机强度研究所 Test system for introducing small-energy low-speed impact damage

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CN104568364A (en) * 2015-01-12 2015-04-29 中国航天员科研训练中心 Multifunctional drop hammer test stand
CN205786148U (en) * 2016-06-28 2016-12-07 智奇铁路设备有限公司 A kind of paint film impact tester
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SU697650A2 (en) * 1977-07-12 1979-11-15 Специальное Конструкторское Бюро Всесоюзного Центрального Научно-Исследовательского Института Охраны Труда Вцспс Stand for testing percussive devices
CN201212869Y (en) * 2008-07-08 2009-03-25 哈尔滨飞机工业集团有限责任公司 Impact test device
CN201382847Y (en) * 2008-11-04 2010-01-13 广东出入境检验检疫局检验检疫技术中心 Microwave oven door impact test device
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* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
CN110926968A (en) * 2019-11-21 2020-03-27 中国飞机强度研究所 Improved SHPB test device
CN111707432A (en) * 2020-05-13 2020-09-25 清华大学 Protective impact performance testing device and measuring method for protective structure
CN111707432B (en) * 2020-05-13 2021-06-11 清华大学 Protective impact performance testing device and measuring method for protective structure
CN113720566A (en) * 2021-08-23 2021-11-30 中国飞机强度研究所 Secondary impact prevention device and method and drop hammer impact test device with same
CN116465587A (en) * 2023-03-29 2023-07-21 中国飞机强度研究所 Test system for introducing small-energy low-speed impact damage
CN116465587B (en) * 2023-03-29 2024-04-16 中国飞机强度研究所 Test system for introducing small-energy low-speed impact damage

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