CN108168729A - Based on the cascade 2 ocean temperature sensors of thin-core fibers and standard single-mode fiber - Google Patents
Based on the cascade 2 ocean temperature sensors of thin-core fibers and standard single-mode fiber Download PDFInfo
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Classifications
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- G—PHYSICS
- G01—MEASURING; TESTING
- G01K—MEASURING TEMPERATURE; MEASURING QUANTITY OF HEAT; THERMALLY-SENSITIVE ELEMENTS NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
- G01K11/00—Measuring temperature based upon physical or chemical changes not covered by groups G01K3/00, G01K5/00, G01K7/00 or G01K9/00
- G01K11/32—Measuring temperature based upon physical or chemical changes not covered by groups G01K3/00, G01K5/00, G01K7/00 or G01K9/00 using changes in transmittance, scattering or luminescence in optical fibres
Abstract
The invention discloses one kind to be based on thin-core fibers and the cascade 2 ocean temperature sensors of standard single-mode fiber, including the first single mode optical fiber, the first thin core single mode optical fiber and the second single mode optical fiber being sequentially connected, the front end of the first thin core single mode optical fiber and the rear end of the first single mode optical fiber are welded together with misplacing, and the rear end of the first thin core single mode optical fiber is welded together with the front end dislocation-free of the second single mode optical fiber.Dislocation-free welding has the second thin core single mode optical fiber and third single mode optical fiber successively for the rear end of second single mode optical fiber.The present invention can measure quasi-continuous 2 ocean temperatures, and measure accurate high sensitivity, and favorable repeatability, two temperature measuring points are apart from adjustable in a certain range.
Description
Technical field
The invention belongs to strain detecting technical fields, and in particular to one kind is cascaded based on thin-core fibers and standard single-mode fiber
Quasi-continuous 2 ocean temperature sensors.
Background technology
The temperature of seawater while is also seawater typically as physical quantity of performance response cold and hot to marine climate
One important feature.Therefore, the temperature change research of seawater occupies highly important status in the research of Marine Sciences.Research
The variation of ocean temperature is both an oceanologic important research content, also to climate change, Marine Sciences, sea fishery and
The development of the subjects such as underwater sound science has very important significance.Previous research focuses mostly in the process of big space scale,
It is not high to the spatial resolution requirements of ocean wave parameter.However, investigated further with to ocean, it has been found that many parameters are very
It changes in small spatial dimension, this may have close association with large-scale oceanographic phenomena, such as a small range temperature
Distribution and its variation can reflect heat exchange and substance cycle that air-sea interaction and turbulent mixing process occur.Separately
Outside, temperature creep stress of the lamination on bed boundary also differs widely in interior wave.Therefore, two or more standards in seawater are measured to connect
The temperature of continuous point would be possible to disclose the mechanism that heat exchange and substance cycle occur in ocean-atmosphere interaction, and to become more meticulous, ocean is ground
Study carefully and valuable reference is provided, and to realize quasi-continuous 2 thermometrics and generally require detection method and have space less than centimetres
The ability that resolution ratio and Multipoint synchronous measure.
At present, the most common method for measuring ocean temperature, mainly there is thermistor, thermocouple sensor thermometric and satellite
The methods of remote sensing thermometric.But these measuring methods have certain limitation：Thermistor (temperature) sensor thermometric needs periodic cleaning
To ensure its accuracy measured；Thermocouple measurement precision can only achieve the measurement accuracy with reference to junction temperature, generally at 1 DEG C
To in 2 DEG C；Satellite remote sensing thermometric is needed by satellite, larger to reception technique and hardware and software requirement, and electromagnetic wave cannot penetrate
Sea, measurement accuracy be not high.
Compared with above-mentioned typical ocean temperature detection method, optical fiber is since own vol is small, entire device size
Smaller advantage is particularly suited for solving the problems, such as this.The principle of full-fiber sensor thermometric be according to the refractive index of seawater and
Ocean temperature relationship, with reference to the thermo-optical coeffecient of fiber optic materials, application experience formula, which calculates, can obtain accurate sea water temperature
Angle value facilitates on-line checking, and does not cause any secondary pollution to seawater, therefore receive significant attention.The seawater reported at present
Temperature full-fiber sensor mainly has fiber grating, conical fiber and micro optical fiber ring resonator etc., these sensors are respectively provided with
Special structure needs complicated preparation process, and the sensor structure having is more fragile, and sensitivity is nor very high.
The survey that higher measurement sensitivity is had based on hollow multiple-mode interfence sensor, ocean temperature can also be applied to reported recently
Amount, but its cost is higher, sensor preparation process is also complex, therefore limits its use.
106802190 A of patent of invention CN disclose a kind of optic fibre turning sensor of highly sensitive no Temperature cross-over interference,
Including the first single mode optical fiber, the first thin-core fibers, taper thin-core fibers, the second thin-core fibers and the second single mode optical fiber；Described
One end of one single mode optical fiber is connected with the first thin-core fibers, and misplaces fusion point between the two as the first fusion point, melt by dislocation
It connects to be coupled to the light transmitted in the first single mode optical fiber is more average in the fibre core and covering of the first thin-core fibers；It is another
End is for external wide source light source；First single mode optical fiber is used for the fibre core optically coupling to the first thin-core fibers for sending out wideband light source
In；The taper thin-core fibers are located between first thin-core fibers and second thin-core fibers, for by the first thin core
In the light partial compromise to external environment transmitted in the covering of optical fiber；The other end connection described second of second thin-core fibers
One end of single mode optical fiber, as the second fusion point, dislocation welding is used for the second thin-core fibers misplaces fusion point between the two
Middle fibre core and the light of covering transmission more average are coupled in the fibre core of the second single mode optical fiber；Second single mode optical fiber it is another
One end, as the external spectrometer of output terminal；First fusion point and second fusion point using shaft axis of optic fibre direction it is symmetrical,
The welding mode of cross-wise direction dislocation, optical fiber is formed together with the first thin-core fibers, taper thin-core fibers and the second thin-core fibers
Liriodendron chinese structure in line, first and second thin-core fibers and first and second single mode optical fiber axis direction symmetrically cause described thin
The cladding mode number being excited in core fibre is relatively fewer, can be formed after interfering with thin-core fibers fibre core formation mode more pure
Net interference pattern can cause to be assigned to the thin-core fibers in fusion process perpendicular to the dislocation of the cross-wise direction of optical axis
The light intensity of middle fibre core and covering is more average.The sensor sensitivity of invention spirit is high, dynamic range is big, but also with structure letter
Single, cheap, the advantages that being easily integrated.But the sensor of the invention can only measure the temperature change of a single point, and should
The structure of sensor is insecure easily to be destroyed by external disturbance, in addition, the thin-core fibers used in the sensor of the invention are adopted
It is made of flame stretching method, there are contingency for manufacturing process, are not easy to repeat.
All -fiber Mach-Zehnder types interferometer (hereinafter referred to as MZI) has simple in structure firm, compact, makes
Simply, it is of low cost, the advantages that electromagnetism interference, it has been widely used in straining, temperature, refractive index, level sensing and biology
The fields such as medical treatment.But it is only used for a point or two point (distances apart from each other currently based on the temperature sensing of MZI
Typically larger than 20cm).It is existing to be based on standard single-mode fiber and the cascade Mach Zehnder interferometer temperature sensor of thin-core fibers,
It is the middle one section thin core single mode optical fiber of access between two sections of general single mode fibers, by the unmatched structure of fibre core, effectively swashs
The light wave of cladding mode is sent out, and interference is generated with core mode.For the above-mentioned this sensor for only accessing one section of thin-core fibers,
When the temperature change of seawater is smaller, no matter access thin-core fibers core diameter and length how much, can all exist in transmission spectrum or
The knots modification of interference peak wavelength is relatively low compared with sluggishness or spectral extinction smaller the problems such as being not easy to differentiate peak shifting amount, and all
The temperature of single-point seawater can only be measured.Even if two the sensors are connected, it is also only used for distant two
Point temperature sensing, and the spectrum after connecting is difficult to demodulation since the direct superposition of two sets interference signals is easy to become confusion
Analysis.Therefore it is urgently developed available for all -fiber MZI of quasi-continuous 2 temperature sensing of seawater.
Invention content
In view of the deficiencies of the prior art, the present invention provides one kind to be based on thin-core fibers and standard single-mode fiber cascade two
Point ocean temperature sensor, the technical issues of to solve quasi-continuous 2 temperature sensing in seawater, the sensor structure is simple, machine
Tool intensity is also preferable, and it is accurate to measure, high sensitivity, favorable repeatability and with certain flexibility.
To achieve the above object, it is the technical scheme is that a kind of cascade based on thin-core fibers and standard single-mode fiber
2 ocean temperature sensors, including the first single mode optical fiber, the first thin core single mode optical fiber and the second single mode optical fiber being sequentially connected,
The front end of the first thin core single mode optical fiber and the rear end of the first single mode optical fiber are welded together with misplacing, the first thin core list
The rear end of mode fiber is welded together with the front end dislocation-free of the second single mode optical fiber；The rear end of second single mode optical fiber is successively
Dislocation-free welding has the second thin core single mode optical fiber and third single mode optical fiber.
Preferably, first single mode optical fiber, the second single mode optical fiber and third single mode optical fiber include fibre core and and packet
The covering being rolled in outside fibre core, a diameter of 8.2 μm of the fibre core, the overall diameter of fibre core and covering is 125 μm.
Preferably, the length of the described first thin core single mode optical fiber is 0.85cm.
Preferably, the described first thin core single mode optical fiber include fibre core and and the covering that is wrapped in outside fibre core, described the
125 μm of the overall diameter of one thin core single mode optical fiber, 3.6 μm of core diameter.
Preferably, the length of second single mode optical fiber is 6.45cm.
Preferably, the length of the described second thin core single mode optical fiber is 0.35cm.
Preferably, the described second thin core single mode optical fiber include fibre core and and the covering that is wrapped in outside fibre core, described the
125 μm of the overall diameter of two thin core single mode optical fibers, 4.4 μm of core diameter.
Preferably, the dislocation welding area between the front end of the described first thin core single mode optical fiber and the rear end of the first single mode optical fiber
The outer cover in domain is equipped with metal tube, is attached between the metal tube and dislocation welding region by PDMS.
Further, it is using the PDMS methods for being packaged reinforcing：Metal tube is removed into a part of side wall rear enclosure and is set on mistake
At the welding area of position, with PDMS host agents and curing agent with mass ratio 10：1 ratio after mixing, is made using the mode of standing
Bubble in the mixed liquor of PDMS floating to surface and ruptures, and mixed liquor is injected metal tube later, is then positioned over 120 DEG C again
Cure 15 minutes on warm table.
Compared with prior art, beneficial effects of the present invention：The present invention devises MZI by analyzing the operation principle of MZI
Composition structure and each section of optical fiber core diameter and length；Interference spectrum after design and optimization is significantly divided into three parts, light
The shortwave part of spectrum is essentially from the first thin-core fibers, and for long wavelength part essentially from the second single mode optical fiber, middle section is above-mentioned
Transition portion between the two；The present invention uses dislocation welding also between the single mode optical fiber of front end and thin-core fibers, and to mistake
Position welding area has carried out PDMS encapsulation and has reinforced.The configuration of the present invention is simple is secured, and it is accurate to measure, and high sensitivity is reproducible, energy
It is enough quasi-continuous 2 ocean temperatures to be sensed, and in a certain range (range is about one centimetre to 20 centimetres), two
The distance of point is flexibly adjustable.
Description of the drawings
Fig. 1 is the structure diagram of the embodiment of the present invention 1；
Fig. 2 be in embodiment 1 FSR with SMF2 sections of length variation diagram；
Fig. 3 is spectrum comparison diagram in embodiment 1；
Fig. 4 is the sensor structure schematic diagram of comparative example 1；
Fig. 5 one section of 4.0cm Nufern 460-HP optical fiber of welding between two sections of general single mode fibers in comparative example 1
Transmitted spectrum；
Fig. 6 one section of 2.8cm Nufern780-HP optical fiber of welding between two sections of general single mode fibers in comparative example 1
Transmitted spectrum；
Fig. 7 is the sensor structure schematic diagram of comparative example 2；
Fig. 8 is the transmitted spectrum of comparative example 2；
Fig. 9 is the output spectrum 1 of different temperatures lower sensor structure in embodiment 2；
Figure 10 is the output spectrum 2 of different temperatures lower sensor structure in embodiment 2；
Figure 11 is the output spectrums of sensor II at different temperatures in embodiment 2；
Figure 12 is the output spectrum of tri- exemplary positions of B1, B2, B3 of sensor II in embodiment 2 at different temperatures.
Specific embodiment
The present invention proposes a kind of all -fiber Liriodendron chinese being made of the cascade of multistage single mode optical fiber thin-core fibers
Instrument, for 2 temperature sensing quasi-continuous in seawater.By analyzing the operation principle of MZI, the structure and each section of light of MZI are devised
Fine core diameter and length, obtain clearly interference spectrum.By further optimizing, interference spectrum is significantly divided into three parts, light
The fore-end of spectrum comes from the first thin-core fibers, and for decline essentially from the second single mode optical fiber, middle section is both above-mentioned
Between transition portion.In addition, it is more secured in order to splice the welding between two optical fiber, it introduces a kind of practical and simple
Reinforcement means.MZI based on making illustrates quasi-continuous 2 temperature sensing, has estimated sensitivity, and by this sensor measurement
Value is compared with thermometer measure value.
The laboratory apparatus and consumptive material of the present invention is as follows：
Super continuous laser source heat sealing machine
Spectrometer (AQ6370C)
Warm table
Dimethyl silicone polymer (PDMS)
8.2 microns of single mode optical fiber (SMF-28) core diameter, 125 microns of overall diameter
Thin-core fibers
(1) 2.5 microns of Nufern 460-HP core diameters, 125 microns of overall diameter
(2) 4.4 microns of Nufern 780-HP core diameters, 125 microns of overall diameter
(3) 3.6 microns of Nufern 980-HP core diameters, 125 microns of overall diameter
The present invention will be further described in detail below with reference to the accompanying drawings and specific embodiments.
1 sensor structure of embodiment designs
As shown in Figure 1, a kind of be based on thin-core fibers and the cascade 2 ocean temperature sensors of standard single-mode fiber, including
The first single mode optical fiber (being named as SMF1), the first thin core single mode optical fiber (being named as TCF1) and the second single mode optical fiber being sequentially connected
Be welded together to the rear end dislocation of (being named as SMF2), the front end of TCF1 and SMF1, the rear end of TCF1 and the front end of SMF2 without
Dislocation it is welded together.Dislocation-free welding has the second thin core single mode optical fiber (being named as TCF2) and third successively for the rear end of SMF2
Single mode optical fiber (is named as SMF3).
Since misplaces fusion point is very fragile, the dislocation welding region between SMF1 and TCF1 needs (poly- with PDMS
Dimethyl siloxane) encapsulation.PDMS (polydimethylsiloxane) is the english abbreviation of dimethyl silicone polymer, is to have
One kind of machine silicon, because its is at low cost, using simple, with there is good adhesiveness, and with good chemistry between silicon chip
The features such as inertia, becomes a kind of and is widely used in the micro-fluidic polymer material for waiting fields.PDMS packaged types are：By metal tube
A part of side wall rear enclosure is removed at dislocation welding region, with PDMS host agents and curing agent with mass ratio 10：The mixing of 1 ratio is equal
After even, make the bubble in the mixed liquor of PDMS floating to surface using the mode of standing and rupture, mixed liquor is injected into metal later
Pipe, is then positioned on 120 DEG C of warm table and cures 15 minutes again.
SMF1, SMF2 and SMF3 be including fibre core and and the standard single-mode fiber of covering that is wrapped in outside fibre core,
Its overall diameter is 125 μm, a diameter of 8.2 μm of fibre core.
The length of TCF1 is 0.85cm, and TCF1 is to include fibre core and and the thin core single mode of covering that is wrapped in outside fibre core
Optical fiber, TCF1 use overall diameter as Nufern 980-HP that 125 μm, core diameter are 3.6 μm.TCF2 be include fibre core and with
And be wrapped in the thin core single mode optical fiber of the covering outside fibre core, TCF2 be overall diameter be 125 μm, core diameter is 4.4 μm
Nufern 780-HP。
SMF1-TCF1-SMF2-TCF2-SMF3 is sequentially connected by the present embodiment, and the sensing arrangement obtained can be applied to
Quasi-continuous 2 temperature surveys in seawater.Its principle is as follows：
Light wave is propagated in single mode optical fiber is inputted in the form of basic mode, and most light energies are strapped in fibre core.The 1st
At a fusion point (SMF1 and TCF1 intersections), due to the mismatch and dislocation welding of core diameter, part light injects the covering of TCF1,
So as to which cladding mode be excited to be transmitted in covering, effective refractive index is related with the refractive index of environmental liquids.Another part optical coupling
It into the fibre core of TCF1, is propagated in fibre core in the form of core mode, effective refractive index is not by the shadow of environmental liquids refractive index
It rings.Due to phase difference, cladding mode and core mode interfere.Which constitute first mode-interference units (to use IMI-A tables below
Show).
After by TCF1, two parts light will again couple in SMF2.However, at TCF1-SMF2 fusion points, TCF1
Covering in the part for cladding mode transmitted will be directed into the covering of SMF2 and propagated with cladding mode short distance, and
This cladding mode can be interfered with core mode, form second mode-interference unit (being represented below with IMI-B).But
If SMF2 is long, cladding mode therein will degenerate, and in order to keep the propagation of cladding mode in SMF2, the present invention will
SMF2 is blocked to 6.45cm or so, then with the TCF2 of one section of very short 0.35cm (Nufern780-HP) welding.Due to
TCF2 length is very short, and the Free Spectral Range that this section of optical fiber itself generates is very big, thus can be to avoid it to entire spectrum
Excessive modulation and interference.
In order to which the interference for further verifying IMI-B parts occurs mainly in SMF2 parts, the present invention is based on following theoretical surveys
Having measured the transmitted spectrum of the SMF2 with different length, (in addition to the length of SMF2 parts is different, the structure composition of other parts is equal
Same Fig. 1), see Fig. 2.
Wherein Δ neffIt is the difference between core mode and covering Effective index, m is the order of interference of MZI, and L is to occur
The length of interference region, Δ λDip, mIt is wavelength interval (i.e. Free Spectral Range, the below letter between two adjacent interference minimum values
Claim FSR).
As shown in Fig. 2, with the increase of SMF2 length, FSR is gradually reduced.This experimental result and above-mentioned theory formula
(1) it is consistent, is certainly happened in SMF2 sections so as to demonstrate interference phenomenon.If in addition, figure it is seen that SMF2
Long (probably more than 20cm), cladding mode therein will fail, in order to keep the propagation of cladding mode in SMF2, we
SMF2 is cut to 6.45cm, then with the TCF2 of a very short 0.35cm (Nufern780-HP) welding.Due to TCF2
Length is very short, and the Free Spectral Range of itself is very big, thus can be to avoid its excessive modulation and interference to entire spectrum.
Finally, connect with SMF3 with TCF2, as with spectrometer connection signal export, the transmitted light that spectrometer is collected
Spectrum is shown in Fig. 3.As shown in figure 3, the interference effect of first interferometer IMI-A mainly occupies leading position in short-wave band, second
The interference effect of interferometer IMI-B mainly occupies leading position in long-wave band, and in order to compare, the solid line in Fig. 3 is only at two
One section of length of dislocation welding is the transmitted light of the Nufern 980-HP thin-core fibers (TCF1) of 0.85cm among standard single-mode fiber
Spectrum, dotted line are the transmitted spectrums plus entire MZI structures of the present invention after SMF2, TCF2.It is as can be seen that saturating in Fig. 3
Penetrate the interference information that the interference information for including IMI-A interference units in spectrum also includes IMI-B interference units, and two sets of interference
Performance in spectrum is relatively independent, a leading short wavelength regions, a leading Long wavelength region, so theoretically not only fitting
2 points of ocean temperature is measured during contract, but also easily carries out spectrum analysis.
To sum up, structurally, the thin-core fibers used in the present invention is finished commercial prods, there is no contingency, and in mistake
Position weld PDMS packaging protections, stable structure are hardly damaged.It is spectrally said from generating, it is dry comprising two sets in output spectrum
Relate to spectrum, and this two sets of spectrum are relatively independent, a leading short wavelength regions to the modulation of entire spectrum, a leading long wave
Region measures so can theoretically realize while 2 ocean temperatures, and the method that can utilize Fourier analysis
Easily spectrum is analyzed, the raising for follow-up sensing sensitivity provides reference.
Comparative example 1
As different from Example 1, by ordinary optic fibre welder by thin-core fibers both ends respectively with standard single mode light
Fine (SMF-28e) welding without acceptance of persons.Sensor structure as shown in Figure 4 is incident on using Supercontinuum source, with AQ6370C spectrum
Instrument (highest resolution is up to 20pm) measures the transmitted spectrum of sensor-based system.Liquid used is that salinity is in experimentation
33 ‰ sea water solution.
When the length of thin-core fibers Nufern 460-HP is 4.0cm, transmitted spectrum is shown in Fig. 5.It chooses in spectral line, wave
Paddy is characterized peak.As shown in figure 5, ocean temperature is changed by warm table, it can be seen that with the increase of temperature, the curve of spectrum
Significantly moved to long wave length direction.Its temperature sensing sensitivity is 13pm/ DEG C.
When thin-core fibers select length be 2.8cm, the Nufern 780-HP that core diameter is 4 μm when, transmitted spectrum is shown in
Fig. 6.As shown in fig. 6, ocean temperature is changed by warm table, it can be seen that with the increase of temperature, the curve of spectrum is significantly to length
Wavelength direction moves.Its temperature control is 32pm/ DEG C.
Comparison diagram 5 and Fig. 6, which can be seen that a FSR for the structure of welding Nufern 460-HP, will be far longer than a welding
The sensor of Nufern 780-HP structures, dynamic range is bigger, but sensitivity is relatively low.And only welding Nufern 780-HP
The sensor of structure, we are it is obvious that the interference extinction ratio of the spectrum is unfavorable for observing bright than shallower from Fig. 6
The observation that aobvious characteristic peak and subsequent peak move, and above two structure is only applicable to the ocean temperature measurement of single-point.
Comparative example 2
Unlike comparative example 1, in order to improve sensitivity and the more obvious pattern of manufacture is dry penetrates effect, design such as Fig. 7
Shown dislocation welding structure, in two section single-mould fibers, one segment length of dislocation welding is that the Nufern 980-HP of 0.85cm are thin
(before PDMS encapsulation) shown in solid in core fibre, obtained spectrum such as Fig. 8 (a).But because insecure at dislocation welding,
Dislocation join domain selects PDMS packaged types as described in Example 1 to carry out rock-steady structure, and the structure transmitted spectrum after encapsulation is such as
(Fig. 8 b are the thermometric spectrums for the structure for not meeting SMF2, TCF2 after independent dislocation welding TCF1) shown in dotted line in Fig. 8 (a).From Fig. 8
(b) as can be seen that with the increase of temperature, the curve of spectrum is significantly moved to long wave length direction, temperature control 46.3pm/
℃.As can be seen that this encapsulation does not have the change for making spectral line too big, this slight change may be the folding due to PDMS
Penetrate rate (refractive index 1.406) differed with the refractive index (refractive index 1) of air it is larger caused by, it is also possible to be because envelope
PDMS is caused by the stress of optical fiber after dress curing.But this approach sensor in comparative example 2, it is also only capable of for measuring list
Ocean temperature is put, the measurement for 2 ocean temperatures does not apply to simultaneously.
To sum up, sensitivity is low, extinction ratio is low etc. may occur in single-point thermometric in the dislocation-free welding in comparative example 1
Problem, and the structure of the SMF-TCF-SMF in comparative example 2 is because only that a set of interference signal, therefore is only applicable to single point temperature
It measures, is not suitable for use in quasi-continuous 2 ocean temperatures sensing.Even if two sensors in comparative example 2 are connected,
(this part signal all concentrates on 1150nm to 1270nm to this partial coherence signal that two sensor extinction ratios can be caused higher
Wave band) it is directly superimposed in the same band and causes transmitted spectrum very chaotic, it is beyond recognition.
The measurement of 2 two temperature of embodiment
In order to demonstrate application of the present invention in quasi-continuous 2 ocean temperatures sensing, the present invention has carried out following experiment：
IMI-A shown in FIG. 1 parts are immersed in first sea container as first temperature measuring point, IMI-B is partly immersed in the
Second temperature measuring point is used as in two sea containers；Two containers are spaced about 1cm () at 2 points that are considered quasi-continuous distribution；
Change the ocean temperature at two temperature measuring points respectively by warm table, and carry out 2 ocean temperatures using thermocouple thermometer and survey
Amount correction.
First, only changing at IMI-A in the case of first temperature measuring point temperature, we obtain transmission as shown in Figure 9
Spectrogram, and the peak for choosing two typical peaks Peak A, Peak B therein condition of shifting one's love is analyzed.As shown in figure 9, with temperature
Degree gradually increases, and above-mentioned two peak is deviated to long wave direction.Since the ocean temperature in this part Experiment at IMI-B is protected always
12.8 DEG C are held, so the variation of output spectrum is only caused by the temperature change of first temperature measuring point.By tracking A, B two
Peak, we have obtained the peak shifting amount at the two peaks and the relationship of temperature change, as shown in figure 9, slope is exactly corresponding sensitivity,
Respectively 42.7pm/ DEG C and 9.7pm/ DEG C.
Similarly, only changing at IMI-B in the case of second temperature measuring point temperature, the present invention obtains as shown in Figure 10
Spectrogram, it can be seen that as temperature gradually increases, the two peaks also move right.Output spectrum is as shown in Figure 10, due to this
Ocean temperature in part Experiment at first temperature measuring point of sample remains 14.3 DEG C, thus the variation of output spectrum only by
Temperature change at IMI-B causes.Figure 10 show two kinds of peaks with the raising of temperature to long wave direction move.By in tracking
Two peaks of A, B are stated, obtain the relationship of their peak shifting amounts and temperature change, as shown in Figure 10, slope is exactly corresponding sensitivity, point
It Wei not be 8.4pm/ DEG C and 39.2pm/ DEG C.
To sum up, by embodiment 1 and embodiment 2 obtain based on cascade 2 seawater of thin-core fibers and standard single-mode fiber
Temperature sensor can measure the temperature change of 2 points of seawater.Although the sensitivity for being less than less than 15pm/ DEG C is usually recognized
To be temperature-resistant, but it is stringent for the sake of, the present invention carries out the Temperature cross-over sensitivity of point-to-point transmission using following matrix
Correction, i.e. two Typical interference peak peak A and peak B amount of movement Δs λA、ΔλBWith the temperature variation Δ T of two pointsA、ΔTBBetween
There are following relationships：
Obtained above-mentioned matrix is suitable for the situation that 2 temperature arbitrarily change.In order to examine above-mentioned matrix, the present invention adopts
It is examined with two test1 (t1), test2 (t2) samples, the test of sample t1, t2 and result of calculation are as shown in table 1.By peak
Position substitute into above formula in test1 and test2 sample temperatures are calculated, the temperature of sample is measured by thermometer in experiment, survey
Test agent data are as shown in the table.The result shows that utilize ocean temperature knots modification and thermocouple measured by sensor of the invention
The knots modification measured is consistent substantially, shows the measurement of the structure and has good precision.
Table 1 carries out the test of sample test1, test2 using sensor of the invention
In above-described embodiment 2, since the length of sea container is 3.5cm, so the IMI-B partial-lengths heated are
3.5 centimetres, and the overall length of second interferometer IMI-B (SMF2) is 6.45cm, therefore we have made another similar knot
The sensor II (left end endless SMF1-0.85cmTCF1-6.3cmSMF2-0.4cmTCF2- right ends endless SMF3) of structure into
The experiment of the SMF2 length that is heated and sensing sensitivity relationship is gone, the structure of the sensor II is shown in Figure 12 (a).It is transmitted
Shown in spectrum such as 11 (a), we have selected different heated lengths as typical length, respectively 1.5cm, 3cm, 3.5cm and
5cm.The interference peak of 1548nm or so is chosen as typical peak (being represented by B ' peaks).Correspondingly, it is drawn in Figure 11 (b) -11 (e)
Go out the situation that peak B ' is varied with temperature, and the peak wavelength under different temperatures has been plotted in Figure 11 (f) -11 (i), it is sensitive
Degree is followed successively by 27.75pm/ DEG C, 38.29pm/ DEG C, 39.62pm/ DEG C, 47.5pm/ DEG C.In order to which further sensitivity for analysis is to length
Dependence, Figure 11 (j) depicts the relationship that sensitivity changes with heated length, in figure display with the increase of heated length,
Sensitivity can approximately linearly increase.And this theoretical formula also with following temperature controls is consistent：
According to (3) formula above, we can obtain, the position of second temperature measuring point does not influence sensitivity, as long as
Second temperature measuring point is located in the length range of SMF2.In order to verify this point, we have selected second temperature measuring point
Three different location (B in Figure 12 (a)1、B2And B3) as three typical positions.Second interferometer IMI-B is immersed into sea
Water section length is fixed as 3.0cm.Same method depicts peak B in Figure 12 (b), 12 (c) and 12 (d)1、B2And B3With temperature
Spend variation situation, by linear fit learn the corresponding sensitivity in three positions be respectively 39.41pm/ DEG C, 38.2pm/ DEG C and
37.10pm/ DEG C, this illustrates that temperature measuring point position is really unrelated with sensitivity, and in other words, the distances of two temperature measuring points can be
(20 centimetres are usually no more than in the even greater ranges of 1cm to 6.45cm) freely to adjust, and all do not interfere with the thermometric of two points
Sensitivity has certain flexibility and novelty.
Although above having used general explanation and specific embodiment, the present invention is described in detail, at this
On the basis of invention, it can be made some modifications or improvements, this will be apparent to those skilled in the art.Therefore,
These modifications or improvements without departing from theon the basis of the spirit of the present invention belong to the scope of protection of present invention.
Claims (9)
1. one kind is based on thin-core fibers and the cascade 2 ocean temperature sensors of standard single-mode fiber, it is characterised in that：Including
The first single mode optical fiber, the first thin core single mode optical fiber and the second single mode optical fiber being sequentially connected, the first thin core single mode optical fiber
Front end and the rear end of the first single mode optical fiber are welded together with misplacing, rear end and the second single mode of the first thin core single mode optical fiber
The front end dislocation-free of optical fiber it is welded together；Dislocation-free welding has the second thin core list successively for the rear end of second single mode optical fiber
Mode fiber and third single mode optical fiber.
2. according to claim 1 based on the cascade 2 ocean temperature sensors of thin-core fibers and standard single-mode fiber,
It is characterized in that：First single mode optical fiber, the second single mode optical fiber and third single mode optical fiber include fibre core and and are wrapped in
Covering outside fibre core, a diameter of 8.2 μm of the fibre core, the overall diameter of fibre core and covering is 125 μm.
3. according to claim 1 based on the cascade 2 ocean temperature sensors of thin-core fibers and standard single-mode fiber,
It is characterized in that：The length of the first thin core single mode optical fiber is 0.85cm.
4. according to claim 3 based on the cascade 2 ocean temperature sensors of thin-core fibers and standard single-mode fiber,
It is characterized in that：The first thin core single mode optical fiber include fibre core and and the covering that is wrapped in outside fibre core, described first is thin
125 μm of the overall diameter of core single mode optical fiber, 3.6 μm of core diameter.
5. according to claim 1 based on the cascade 2 ocean temperature sensors of thin-core fibers and standard single-mode fiber,
It is characterized in that：The length of second single mode optical fiber is 6.45cm.
6. according to claim 1 based on the cascade 2 ocean temperature sensors of thin-core fibers and standard single-mode fiber,
It is characterized in that：The length of the second thin core single mode optical fiber is 0.35cm.
7. according to claim 6 based on the cascade 2 ocean temperature sensors of thin-core fibers and standard single-mode fiber,
It is characterized in that：The second thin core single mode optical fiber include fibre core and and the covering that is wrapped in outside fibre core, described second is thin
125 μm of the overall diameter of core single mode optical fiber, 4.4 μm of core diameter.
8. according to claim any one of 1-7 based on cascade 2 ocean temperatures of thin-core fibers and standard single-mode fiber
Sensor, it is characterised in that：Dislocation between the front end of the first thin core single mode optical fiber and the rear end of the first single mode optical fiber is melted
The outer cover for connecing region is equipped with metal tube, is attached between the metal tube and dislocation welding region by PDMS.
9. according to claim 8 based on the cascade 2 ocean temperature sensors of thin-core fibers and standard single-mode fiber,
It is characterized in that：It is using the PDMS methods for being packaged reinforcing：Metal tube is removed a part of side wall rear enclosure and is set on to misplace and is melted
It connects at region, with PDMS host agents and curing agent with mass ratio 10：1 ratio makes PDMS's after mixing, using the mode of standing
Bubble in mixed liquor floating to surface and ruptures, and mixed liquor is injected metal tube later, is then positioned over 120 DEG C of warm table again
Upper curing 15 minutes.
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