CN108168483A - For the accessory size calibration method of increasing material manufacturing - Google Patents
For the accessory size calibration method of increasing material manufacturing Download PDFInfo
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- CN108168483A CN108168483A CN201711348280.5A CN201711348280A CN108168483A CN 108168483 A CN108168483 A CN 108168483A CN 201711348280 A CN201711348280 A CN 201711348280A CN 108168483 A CN108168483 A CN 108168483A
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- calibrating patterns
- material manufacturing
- increasing material
- wall thickness
- calibration method
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Classifications
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- G—PHYSICS
- G01—MEASURING; TESTING
- G01B—MEASURING LENGTH, THICKNESS OR SIMILAR LINEAR DIMENSIONS; MEASURING ANGLES; MEASURING AREAS; MEASURING IRREGULARITIES OF SURFACES OR CONTOURS
- G01B21/00—Measuring arrangements or details thereof, where the measuring technique is not covered by the other groups of this subclass, unspecified or not relevant
- G01B21/02—Measuring arrangements or details thereof, where the measuring technique is not covered by the other groups of this subclass, unspecified or not relevant for measuring length, width, or thickness
- G01B21/04—Measuring arrangements or details thereof, where the measuring technique is not covered by the other groups of this subclass, unspecified or not relevant for measuring length, width, or thickness by measuring coordinates of points
- G01B21/042—Calibration or calibration artifacts
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- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A61—MEDICAL OR VETERINARY SCIENCE; HYGIENE
- A61C—DENTISTRY; APPARATUS OR METHODS FOR ORAL OR DENTAL HYGIENE
- A61C5/00—Filling or capping teeth
- A61C5/70—Tooth crowns; Making thereof
- A61C5/77—Methods or devices for making crowns
-
- G—PHYSICS
- G01—MEASURING; TESTING
- G01B—MEASURING LENGTH, THICKNESS OR SIMILAR LINEAR DIMENSIONS; MEASURING ANGLES; MEASURING AREAS; MEASURING IRREGULARITIES OF SURFACES OR CONTOURS
- G01B11/00—Measuring arrangements characterised by the use of optical techniques
- G01B11/02—Measuring arrangements characterised by the use of optical techniques for measuring length, width or thickness
Abstract
The present invention relates to a kind of accessory size calibration method for increasing material manufacturing, for improving because the problem of part length is longer and the accuracy of form and position as caused by expanding with heat and contract with cold is insufficient and the wall thickness because of caused by the size of laser facula molten bath is undesirable.Include the following steps:Create the calibrating patterns of part;It prints above-mentioned calibrating patterns and carries out required post processing;It measures the corresponding size of printed calibrating patterns and is calculated;It is calibrated according to the result of above-mentioned calculating;Again the calibrating patterns after calibration are printed and are measured, whether verification critical size meets the requirements.
Description
Technical field
The present invention relates to material increasing field, more particularly to a kind of part ruler for precinct laser fusion increasing material manufacturing
The model and method of very little calibration.
Background technology
Precinct laser fusion increases material manufacturing technology is the pith of material increasing field, and basic principle is by computer
The three-dimensional entity model of part is designed, slicing delamination is then carried out to threedimensional model by dedicated software, obtains each section
Outline data, these data are inputted and import precinct laser fusion equipment, equipment controls laser beam according to these outline datas
The metal powder of each layer is selectively melted, is gradually stacked into 3-dimensional metal part.Due to using the fast fast thawing of fine focus hot spot
Change the fore-put powder material of 300~500 mesh, therefore very high dimensional accuracy and surface roughness can be obtained, wherein size essence
Degree is up to 20~50 microns, and surface roughness is up to 20~30 microns.And it can almost directly obtain arbitrary shape and tool
There is the function part of complete metallurgical binding, consistency can reach close to 100%.
Precinct laser fusion increases material manufacturing technology is a kind of rapid shaping technique of great development prospect, and application range has been opened up
Open up the fields such as aerospace, medical treatment, automobile, mold.Compared with casting forging method, this technology does not need to mold, small-sized
In the preparation for customizing parts, there are the advantages such as with short production cycle, at low cost, machining accuracy is high, therefore be very suitable for small
Type customizes the production of parts.
Corona (dental crown) is an example of small-sized customization parts.Corona also known as facing, for repairing
Tooth, when after tooth damage and when being difficult to repair by way of dental filling, artificial corona being made with different materials, be sleeved on and change
Small natural teeth is labeled, and achievees the purpose that repair teeth.Fig. 1 (a) of attached drawing is the schematic diagram of the denture of people, Fig. 1 (b)
It is the schematic diagram for the corona that 3D printing goes out.It can be seen from the figure that gear division corona significantly has miniaturization and the characteristic customized,
Therefore, selective laser melting process is highly suitable for preparing gear division corona.Through development in a few years, precinct laser fusion at present
The gear division corona that technology prepares cobalt chrome molybdenum material has tended to be mature and stable, and forms and set from raw material, modeling software, processing
Standby, preparation process to post processing complete industrial chain.
Although manufacturing customization corona using selective laser melting process has with short production cycle, at low cost, high precision machining
Etc. advantages, but there is also some problems, requirement is not achieved in the mainly accuracy of form and position and corona wall thickness.Wherein, about shape
Position precision aspect, when less than 5 coronas are connected manufacture, the accuracy of form and position of forming is preferable, when 5-7 corona is connected manufacture
When, the accuracy of form and position of forming will be deteriorated, and when 7 or more the coronas being connected manufacture, the accuracy of form and position is not just protected substantially
Card.It is primarily due to selective laser melting process and belongs to thermo shaping method, because there is phenomenon of expanding with heat and contract with cold in metal material,
Therefore during precinct laser fusion increasing material manufacturing, powder is fused into liquid by laser heating and then solidifies and cool down, must
So there are certain Shrinkage behavior, and when preparing corona, the more contractions of corona quantity being connected will be more apparent, shrinks meeting
Lead to corona undersize and influence to install and use.In addition, metal dental crown wall thickness is required to need in terms of corona wall thickness, in gear division
Control in a certain range, generally requires the wall thickness of metal dental crown in 0.5mm or so.Tooth is manufactured using selective laser melting process
Hat, when one timing of thickness of model, the corona wall thickness prepared is influenced smaller, molten bath during mainly being manufactured by shrinking percentage
The influence of size, and molten bath size has direct relation with laser spot diameter and the powder and technological parameter that use.
Fig. 2 (a) is the schematic diagram for representing laser facula 201 and molten bath 202.Relatively common precinct laser on the market at present
For its spot diameter of fusing manufacturing equipment all in hundred micron levels, laser facula needs have suitable offset (to claim with parts profile
For light-dark cycle, abbreviation BO), corona wall thickness will be made bigger than normal or inclined because of molten bath size when otherwise laser sintered
It is small, final using effect can be all influenced in this way.Fig. 2 (b) is along the profile scan of part model when laser does not have a light-dark cycle
The schematic diagram of sintering, wherein, 203 represent the profile of part model, and 204 represent the parts profile of practical laser thermal sintering.From
Fig. 2 (b) can be seen that, in the case of no light-dark cycle, laser is scanned along model silhouette and is sintered, and eventually make the outer of part
Deformation is big.Fig. 2 (c) is that laser has the schematic diagram being sintered during light-dark cycle along the profile scan of part model, wherein, 203 represent
The profile of part model, 205 represent the path of laser scanning, and 206 represent laser facula compensation.It can be seen that from Fig. 2 (c), only
Suitable light-dark cycle is set, and the part that laser scanning sinters into could coincide with model.Therefore, the above-mentioned accuracy of form and position and tooth
Hat wall thickness these two issues constrain the manufacture that selective laser melting process labeled in more than 7 or even 14 dental patterns and
Using.
When preparing the small-sized customization parts with corona analogous shape using precinct laser fusion increases material manufacturing technology
There are it is similary the problem of, that is to say, that when prepare have the part of certain length and wall thickness when, due to the shrinking percentage of metal material
Influence, the accuracy of form and position for the part prepared can be influenced, due to the influence of molten bath size, the wall for the part prepared can be influenced
It is thick.When the length of part is longer, the influence to the accuracy of form and position is bigger, extremely influences the qualification rate of part prepared.
Invention content
In view of the above problems, the present invention provides a kind of prepared using selective laser melting process has a fixed length similar to corona
Degree and thickness part when size calibration model and method, for improve because length is longer and by expanding with heat and contract with cold caused by morpheme
The problem of precision is insufficient and the wall thickness because of caused by the size of laser facula molten bath is undesirable.
The present invention provides a kind of accessory size calibration method for increasing material manufacturing, which is characterized in that includes the following steps:
S1 creates the calibrating patterns of part;S2 prints above-mentioned calibrating patterns and carries out required post processing;S3 measures printed calibration
The corresponding size of model is simultaneously calculated;S4 is calibrated according to the result of above-mentioned calculating;S5 prints the calibration after calibration again
Model simultaneously measures, and whether verification critical size meets the requirements.
The accessory size calibration method of increasing material manufacturing is used for according to the present invention, wherein, part is gear division corona.
The accessory size calibration method of increasing material manufacturing is used for according to the present invention, wherein, calibrating patterns are more by what is be connected to each other
A cylinder composition with certain wall thickness.
The accessory size calibration method of increasing material manufacturing is used for according to the present invention, wherein, it is in step s3, multiple by measuring
The wall thickness of cylinder calculates the light-dark cycle amount of laser, by measuring the distance of center circle of multiple cylinders come shrinkage from mold dimensions.
The accessory size calibration method of increasing material manufacturing is used for according to the present invention, wherein, calculate the formula of light-dark cycle amount such as
Under:
Wherein, BO represents light-dark cycle amount, TiRepresent the wall thickness that ith measures, T0Represent the nominal wall thickness of model;
The formula of shrinkage from mold dimensions is as follows:
X-direction:
Wherein, X represents certain component of two cylinder actual measurement distance of center circle in the X direction, X on calibrating patterns0It represents on model
Certain component of two cylinder name distance of center circle in the X direction,
Y-direction:
Wherein, Y represents certain component of two cylinder actual measurement distance of center circle in the Y direction, Y on calibrating patterns0It represents on model
Certain component of two cylinder name distance of center circle in the Y direction.
The accessory size calibration method of increasing material manufacturing is used for according to the present invention, wherein, in step s 4, if increasing material manufacturing
Equipment supports to shrink and the parameter adjustment of hot spot biasing, then the result input equipment calculated step S3, if increasing material manufacturing is set
The standby parameter adjustment for not supporting to shrink and hot spot biases, then reversely expand calibrating die according to the step S3 shrinking percentages being calculated
Type reversely adjusts wall thickness according to the step S3 light-dark cycle amounts calculated.
According to the present invention be used for increasing material manufacturing accessory size calibration method, can effectively improve because length is longer and by
The problem of accuracy of form and position caused by expanding with heat and contract with cold is insufficient and the wall thickness because of caused by the size of laser facula molten bath is undesirable.
Description of the drawings
Fig. 1 (a) is the schematic diagram of the denture of people;
Fig. 1 (b) is the schematic diagram of the corona of 3D printing;
Fig. 2 (a) is to represent laser facula and the schematic diagram in molten bath;
Fig. 2 (b) is that laser does not have the schematic diagram being sintered during light-dark cycle along the profile scan of part model;
Fig. 2 (c) is that laser has the schematic diagram being sintered during light-dark cycle along the profile scan of part model;
Fig. 3 is the schematic diagram for representing influence of the laser facula compensation to accessory size;
Fig. 4 is the schematic diagram for representing influence of the shrinking percentage to accessory size;
Fig. 5 (a) and Fig. 5 (b) is for the schematic diagram of the calibrating patterns of gear division corona size calibration;
Fig. 6 is the flow chart of accessory size calibration method.
Specific embodiment
Technical scheme of the present invention is discussed in detail below in conjunction with attached drawing.It should be noted that attached drawing is given for example only explanation,
It is not considered as limiting the invention.
(1) basic principle of accessory size calibration
The basic principle of the accessory size calibration method of the present invention is introduced first.Fig. 3 is to represent laser facula compensation to zero
The schematic diagram of the influence of part size, wherein, 301 represent model wall thickness, and 302 represent practical laser sintering wall thickness, and 303 represent pass
Distance of center circle.Model wall thickness 301 and the difference of practical laser sintering wall thickness 302 are embodied to influence of wall thickness, pass distance of center circle 303
Embody the influence to morpheme size.From figure 3, it can be seen that in the influence for not considering shrinking percentage, only consider light-dark cycle influence
When, laser facula compensation has larger impact to the wall thickness and appearance and size of thin-walled parts, and on morpheme size without influence.
Fig. 4 is the schematic diagram for representing influence of the shrinking percentage to accessory size, wherein, 401 represent archetype, and 402 represent
The part shunk is printed, 403 and 405 represent the distance of center circle and appearance and size of archetype respectively, and 404 and 406 represent hair respectively
The raw distance of center circle and appearance and size of printing part shunk.As can be seen from Figure 4, due to the influence of Material shrinkage, part is printed
Distance of center circle 404 is less than the distance of center circle 403 of archetype, and the appearance and size 406 for printing part is less than the appearance and size of archetype
405.That is, in the influence for not considering light-dark cycle, only consider shrinking percentage influence when, convergent-divergent is to the shape of part
Size and morpheme size have an impact, and small to the influence of wall thickness of thin-walled parts.Because it when model wall thickness only has 0.5mm, shrinks
Rate usually in 0.1% order, only have influence of wall thickness several microns, can be ignored by rough calculation shrinking percentage.
To sum up it is known that morpheme size is only influenced by convergent-divergent, wall thickness is mainly influenced by light-dark cycle for analysis,
Appearance and size is influenced simultaneously by shrinking percentage and light-dark cycle.Therefore, the shape of part and part model can be printed by comparison
Position size difference carrys out shrinkage from mold dimensions, prints the wall thickness of part and part model by comparison and is mended to calculate the hot spot that laser needs
It repays.
(2) calibrating patterns of accessory size calibration
Model for accessory size calibration should have following characteristics:There is similar structure to actual parts, so as to
Calibration result is made to be more suitable for actual parts;It needs to give up some details simultaneously, facilitates modeling early period and measurement and the meter in later stage
It calculates.In other words, since calibrating patterns are the influences for calibrating shrinking percentage and calibration light-dark cycle to accessory size,
Calibrating patterns mainly need to retain the structure that can embody spare part outside measurement and wall thickness, and other detailed structures can be omitted.
It is illustrated by taking corona as an example below.Fig. 5 (a) and Fig. 5 (b) is for the calibrating patterns of gear division corona size calibration
Schematic diagram.Based on the considerations of the above, the calibrating patterns of gear division corona should can embody the appearance and size of corona with
And wall thickness.As shown in Fig. 5 (a) and Fig. 5 (b), the calibrating patterns of corona size calibration are 0.5mm by 14 wall thickness of different sizes
Cylinder 501 form, be highly 5mm, 14 dental patterns hat of 14 cylinder mould personifications, and with the connection of " bridge " 502.The school of corona
The overall peripheral size of quasi-mode type and practical gum adjoining dimensions, about 50mm x 60mm, the size of each cylinder also simulate
The size of corresponding position tooth, the camber line that the layout of 14 cylinders is formed are approached with human body gum.That is, the calibration of corona
Model has similar structure to practical corona model, with the practical corona of 14 cylinders simulations, embody appearance and size with
And wall thickness, but the concrete structure of tooth is omitted.
(3) calculation formula of accessory size calibration
(1) light-dark cycle BO:
In order to reduce the influence of measurement error, multiple survey calculation is taken, the method being finally averaged calculates hot spot and mends
BO is repaid, formula is as follows:
Wherein, TiRepresent the wall thickness that ith measures, T0Represent the nominal wall thickness of model.
(2) shrinking percentage
In order to reduce the influence of measurement error, equally take and measure multiple positions calculating, the method finally averaged.It receives
The reason of shrinkage may be because of equipment causes on horizontal plane both direction shrinking percentage different, therefore is divided into X and Y two is mutually perpendicular to
Direction (without clearly stipulate that only need to be correspondings with model), progress shrinking percentage calculating, as follows respectively:
X-direction:
Wherein, X represents that certain two cylinder on calibration part print according to calibrating patterns survey distance of center circle in the X direction
Component, X0Represent certain component of two cylinder name distance of center circle in the X direction on model, X0There is different values.
Y-direction:
Wherein, Y represents that certain two cylinder on calibration part print according to calibrating patterns survey distance of center circle in the Y direction
Component, Y0Represent certain component of two cylinder name distance of center circle in the Y direction on model, Y0There is different values.
Above calculation formula is suitable for the size calibration of corona, is also applied for the size with the part of corona analogous shape
Calibration.Also, the parts of the other shapes used calculation formula in size calibration can also be designed with this thinking.
(4) the step of accessory size is calibrated
The specific steps of accessory size calibration introduced below.Fig. 6 is the flow chart of accessory size calibration.
In step S601, the calibrating patterns of part are created.As previously described, calibrating patterns should have following characteristics:With
Actual parts have similar structure, so as to which calibration result be made to be more suitable for actual parts;It needs to give up some details simultaneously, side
Just modeling early period and the measurement and calculating in later stage.By taking corona as an example, corona dimension correcting is used for as shown in Fig. 5 (a) and Fig. 5 (b)
Accurate calibrating patterns for the ease of measurement and shrinkage from mold dimensions and light-dark cycle, the part of corresponding tooth are designed as having
The cylinder of thin-walled, centre is connected with " bridge ", and eliminates remaining detail section of practical corona.Also, the entirety of calibrating patterns
Outside Dimensions and practical gum adjoining dimensions, the size of each cylinder also simulate the size of corresponding position tooth.It is similar with corona
The part with certain length and wall thickness of shape can also similar designs calibrating patterns.
In step S602, print the calibrating patterns of part and carry out required post processing.Due to calibration result because equipment,
Material and process conditions are different and different, and therefore, size calibration needs fixed equipment, material and process conditions, then carries out
The printing of calibrating patterns.In addition, if actual parts also need to post-process after printing, for being consistent property, then
It needs similarly to post-process calibrating patterns.By taking corona as an example, after practical metal dental crown prints, need to carry out heat
The aftertreatment technologies such as processing and sandblasting, then after calibrating patterns print, it is also desirable to be heat-treated using identical technique
With the post processings such as sandblasting.
In step S603, measure the corresponding size of printed calibrating patterns and calculated.By taking corona as an example, using three
The calibrating patterns that measurement of coordinates prints, sampling observation measure several wall thickness and cylinder distance of center circle, with reference to Fig. 5 (a), such as measure circle
Cylinder 1#, 4#, 4 ' #, 1 ' # wall thickness, measure the distance of center circle of cylinder 1-4,1-7 ', 1-4 ', 1-1 '.Using cylinder wall thickness and
Formulas discussed above (1) and (2) calculate laser facula compensation rate, using distance of center circle and formulas discussed above (3)~
(6) shrinkage from mold dimensions.
In step S604, calibrated according to the result of calculation of step S603.Specifically, if printing device is supported to receive
Contracting and the parameter adjustment of hot spot biasing, then the result input equipment calculated step S603, if equipment is not supported to shrink
With the parameter adjustment of hot spot biasing, then calibrating patterns are reversely adjusted according to the result of calculation of step S603, i.e., according to being calculated
Shrinking percentage reversely expand calibrating patterns, reversely adjust wall thickness according to the laser facula amount of bias of calculating.
In step S605, after the calibration for completing step S604, calibrating patterns are printed again and are measured, verification is crucial
Whether size meets the requirement of dimensional tolerance.It is calibrated again according to above step if it does not meet the requirements,.
Based on designing the calibrating patterns similar to the practical pattern of human teeth, using theory analysis as foundation, pass through
The morpheme size of calibrating patterns and model volume difference shrinkage from mold dimensions calculate hot spot by the difference of calibrating patterns wall thickness and model
Compensation.By the shrinking percentage that calculates and light-dark cycle data come calibrator (-ter) unit or correction model, it can improve or solve 7 or more and be
The problem of not reached requirement to 14 dental patterns hat increasing material manufacturing sizes, promote 7 or more corona increasing material manufacturings manufacture and should
With.The size calibration method of the part of certain length and wall thickness is described by taking gear division corona as an example above, is carried according to the present invention
The enlightenment of confession, those skilled in the art can design the dimension correcting for being suitable for the part of different-shape according to the shape of certain part
Quasi-mode type and calculation formula.
Describe the preferred embodiment of the present invention above, but the spirit and scope of the present invention be not limited to it is disclosed herein
Particular content.Those skilled in the art can it is according to the present invention introduction and make more embodiments and application, these realities
It applies mode and application would be within the spirit and scope of the present invention.The spirit and scope of the present invention are not limited by specific embodiment,
And it is defined by the claims.
Claims (6)
1. a kind of accessory size calibration method for increasing material manufacturing, which is characterized in that include the following steps:
S1 creates the calibrating patterns of part;
S2 prints above-mentioned calibrating patterns and carries out required post processing;
S3 measures the corresponding size of printed calibrating patterns and is calculated;
S4 is calibrated according to the result of above-mentioned calculating;
S5 prints the calibrating patterns after calibration and measures again, and whether verification critical size meets the requirements.
2. the accessory size calibration method according to claim 1 for increasing material manufacturing, wherein, above-mentioned part is gear division tooth
Hat.
3. the accessory size calibration method according to claim 2 for increasing material manufacturing, wherein,
Above-mentioned calibrating patterns are made of the multiple cylinders with certain wall thickness being connected to each other.
4. the accessory size calibration method according to claim 3 for increasing material manufacturing, wherein,
In step s3, the light-dark cycle amount of laser is calculated by measuring the wall thickness of multiple cylinders, by measuring multiple cylinders
Distance of center circle carry out shrinkage from mold dimensions.
5. the accessory size calibration method according to claim 4 for increasing material manufacturing, wherein,
The formula for calculating light-dark cycle amount is as follows:
Wherein, BO represents light-dark cycle amount, TiRepresent the wall thickness that ith measures, T0Represent the nominal wall thickness of model;
The formula of shrinkage from mold dimensions is as follows:
X-direction:
Wherein, X represents certain component of two cylinder actual measurement distance of center circle in the X direction, X on calibrating patterns0Certain two are represented on model
The component of cylinder name distance of center circle in the X direction,
Y-direction:
Wherein, Y represents certain component of two cylinder actual measurement distance of center circle in the Y direction, Y on calibrating patterns0Certain two are represented on model
The component of cylinder name distance of center circle in the Y direction.
6. the accessory size calibration method according to claim 4 for increasing material manufacturing, wherein,
In step s 4, if increasing material manufacturing equipment supports to shrink and the parameter adjustment of hot spot biasing, step S3 is calculated
As a result input equipment if increasing material manufacturing equipment does not support to shrink and the parameter adjustment of hot spot biasing, is calculated according to step S3
Obtained shrinking percentage reversely expands calibrating patterns, and wall thickness is reversely adjusted according to the step S3 light-dark cycle amounts calculated.
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CN114987070A (en) * | 2022-06-27 | 2022-09-02 | 武汉中谷联创光电科技股份有限公司 | Printing size calibration method and device, printing equipment and storage medium |
CN114987070B (en) * | 2022-06-27 | 2023-08-22 | 武汉中谷联创光电科技股份有限公司 | Printing size calibration method and device, printing equipment and storage medium |
CN117516438A (en) * | 2024-01-03 | 2024-02-06 | 陕西省计量科学研究院 | Preparation precision evaluation method and system of additive manufacturing equipment |
CN117516438B (en) * | 2024-01-03 | 2024-03-22 | 陕西省计量科学研究院 | Preparation precision evaluation method and system of additive manufacturing equipment |
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Denomination of invention: Part size calibration method for additive manufacturing Effective date of registration: 20230720 Granted publication date: 20200515 Pledgee: Industrial Bank Co.,Ltd. Beijing Economic and Technological Development Zone Sub branch Pledgor: BEIJING DEPURUN NEW MATERIAL TECHNOLOGY CO.,LTD. Registration number: Y2023980048993 |