CN108167155A - The comprehensive integrated new process of solar power generation sea water desalination - Google Patents
The comprehensive integrated new process of solar power generation sea water desalination Download PDFInfo
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- CN108167155A CN108167155A CN201711010799.2A CN201711010799A CN108167155A CN 108167155 A CN108167155 A CN 108167155A CN 201711010799 A CN201711010799 A CN 201711010799A CN 108167155 A CN108167155 A CN 108167155A
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- liquid
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Classifications
-
- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F04—POSITIVE - DISPLACEMENT MACHINES FOR LIQUIDS; PUMPS FOR LIQUIDS OR ELASTIC FLUIDS
- F04B—POSITIVE-DISPLACEMENT MACHINES FOR LIQUIDS; PUMPS
- F04B19/00—Machines or pumps having pertinent characteristics not provided for in, or of interest apart from, groups F04B1/00 - F04B17/00
- F04B19/20—Other positive-displacement pumps
- F04B19/24—Pumping by heat expansion of pumped fluid
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C02—TREATMENT OF WATER, WASTE WATER, SEWAGE, OR SLUDGE
- C02F—TREATMENT OF WATER, WASTE WATER, SEWAGE, OR SLUDGE
- C02F1/00—Treatment of water, waste water, or sewage
- C02F1/02—Treatment of water, waste water, or sewage by heating
- C02F1/04—Treatment of water, waste water, or sewage by heating by distillation or evaporation
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C02—TREATMENT OF WATER, WASTE WATER, SEWAGE, OR SLUDGE
- C02F—TREATMENT OF WATER, WASTE WATER, SEWAGE, OR SLUDGE
- C02F1/00—Treatment of water, waste water, or sewage
- C02F1/28—Treatment of water, waste water, or sewage by sorption
- C02F1/283—Treatment of water, waste water, or sewage by sorption using coal, charred products, or inorganic mixtures containing them
-
- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F01—MACHINES OR ENGINES IN GENERAL; ENGINE PLANTS IN GENERAL; STEAM ENGINES
- F01K—STEAM ENGINE PLANTS; STEAM ACCUMULATORS; ENGINE PLANTS NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; ENGINES USING SPECIAL WORKING FLUIDS OR CYCLES
- F01K11/00—Plants characterised by the engines being structurally combined with boilers or condensers
- F01K11/02—Plants characterised by the engines being structurally combined with boilers or condensers the engines being turbines
-
- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F22—STEAM GENERATION
- F22B—METHODS OF STEAM GENERATION; STEAM BOILERS
- F22B1/00—Methods of steam generation characterised by form of heating method
- F22B1/006—Methods of steam generation characterised by form of heating method using solar heat
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C02—TREATMENT OF WATER, WASTE WATER, SEWAGE, OR SLUDGE
- C02F—TREATMENT OF WATER, WASTE WATER, SEWAGE, OR SLUDGE
- C02F2103/00—Nature of the water, waste water, sewage or sludge to be treated
- C02F2103/08—Seawater, e.g. for desalination
-
- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02A—TECHNOLOGIES FOR ADAPTATION TO CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02A20/00—Water conservation; Efficient water supply; Efficient water use
- Y02A20/124—Water desalination
-
- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02A—TECHNOLOGIES FOR ADAPTATION TO CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02A20/00—Water conservation; Efficient water supply; Efficient water use
- Y02A20/124—Water desalination
- Y02A20/138—Water desalination using renewable energy
- Y02A20/141—Wind power
Abstract
The present invention is a kind of comprehensive integrated new process of solar power generation sea water desalination, it is the novel process in sea water desalination and field of solar thermal power generation.Seawater production fresh water is evaporated under the action of solar thermal energy, while generates water vapour and the hydraulic turbine is pushed to generate electricity.Investment and operating cost due to it is relatively low, is suitable for industrial-scale production, can also build up midget plant and provide sweet water and electric power for family.Liquid medium is heated and is stored, night can also generate electricity, and be carried out continuously power generation, and developing and using solar energy for the mankind finds a Tiao Xin roads, can alleviate energy shortage, improve environmental pollution, while solve the problems, such as that fresh water is insufficient.Since this technique normal operation can generate electricity under the conditions of normal pressure and low temperature (50 DEG C or more) heat source, so it this new energy can be generated electricity using hot dry rock.
Description
Technical field：The invention belongs to a kind of novel production process in the field of seawater desalination way of distillation (hot method), also together
Sample belongs to solar energy thermal-power-generating field.
Background technology：Existing sea water desalination is mainly the way of distillation and reverse osmosis membrane, and reverse osmosis membrane locates seawater in advance
Reason requirement is high, and comparatively energy consumption is higher for the way of distillation, and the present invention is to pass thermal energy while being generated electricity using solar energy
Seawater is passed, seawater is enable to evaporate to get to clean electric energy, the higher fresh water of purity of getting back, and produce clean
Salt, thus it is overall of low cost, in China coast one with higher practical value.
Invention content：It is an object of the invention to use more novel technological principle and environmental protection concept, lower production cost
A new route is opened up preferably to develop and use solar energy for the mankind with investment, that is, solves the energy problem being becoming tight day again
Solve the problems, such as that fresh water is insufficient.The object of the present invention is achieved like this, we are tested by three small by the technique of the present invention
Principle disclosure.
Experiment one, we do the simple of common-sense with such a lower sections of Fig. 1 with the glass U-tube of cock 1
Experiment.
Experimental procedure is as follows：
1. first the cock 1 below U-tube is closed
2. the water of equal height is injected separately into toward left side vertical tube and right side vertical tube
3. open cock 1
It is observed that the water in U-tube or so vertical tube is motionless, two liquid levels are still equal height, this is because
Pressure of the U-tube both sides at cock 1 is equal, so left and right liquid level does not change.
Experiment two, we outwell the water in U-tube, then do following experiment,
Experimental procedure is as follows：
1. first the cock 1 below U-tube is closed
2. water is injected in vertical tube to the left
3. the liquid level for injecting water in mercury to left side vertical tube in vertical tube to the right mutually exists together
4. opening cock 1 it is observed that the liquid in the pipe of both sides produces flowing, the mercury in the vertical tube of right side is to the left
Standpipe flow just no longer flows liquid level stabilizing a fixed position after liquid flow to certain position when both sides.
It is because the density of liquid is different in the vertical tube of left and right why the liquid on both sides, which produces flowing, causes 1 point of cock
Place's both sides pressure is different and produces pressure difference, and right side vertical tube presses powerful in left side vertical tube since mercury density is big in cock 1
Pressure of the water at 1 point of cock, so as to the mercury standpipe flow to the left of right side vertical tube, when liquid flow to certain position
When, the local pressure that mercury and water phase are handed over is equal, and both sides pressure has reached new balance, so liquid level stablize again it is motionless
.This just makes we have suggested what if our able person were this imbalance in the vertical tube of left and right to be caused to always exist down, and by U
Also connection is got up above shape pipe, then the liquid in pipe will flow down always.The present invention is to artificial destruction U-shaped
Balance in pipe, the liquid allowed in pipe flow always, so as to which the hydraulic turbine be made to drive electrical power generators.
So how just always exist down this imbalanceWe have a look third experiment again.
Three, Fig. 2 of experiment is U-tube that a top is connected, and the communicating portion of top wants thicker and on top
With exhaust pipe 3, an air inlet pipe is mounted with below the vertical tube of left side, gas flow is controlled by intake valve 1, one is installed at 2
A small impeller.
Experiment portion is suddenly as follows：
1. first by intake valve 1 after slowly injected clear water makes the water surface reach both sides verticle tube (both sides liquid level is identical)
Close intake valve 1,1 import is connected on micro air pump, at this moment we have seen that the liquid level of left and right vertical tube stablize it is motionless.
2. experiment starts, opening micro air pump slowly opens intake valve and gradually adjusts intake valve 1, observes vapour in the vertical tube of left side
Bubble amount makes steam bubble volume in the vertical tube of left side identical with the volume of water and U-tube top connected component is kept to have water flowing, at this moment I
See that small impeller is gyrating at 2 below U-tube.Thus it is by right side vertical tube to demonstrate water in the pipeline entirely closed
Impeller is flowed through clockwise and enters back into the communicating pipe that left side vertical tube then flows into top, finally flow back into right side vertical tube, it is constantly reciprocal
Cycle, will flow always as long as air pump is not cut off the water.Microscale experiment industrialization amplification is made corollary equipment can push water wheels
Machine drives generator to generate electricity.Certainly, if making to generate bubble in the vertical tube of left side and generate electricity obviously to lose more than gain with air pump,
But if air pump can be replaced using solar energy, the work that air pump is done is completed, with regard to that solar energy can be made to be converted into electric energy, here it is
The final purpose of the present invention.The work of air pump in substitution experiment three so how is completed using solar energyIt is how to use again
Solar energy is by sea water desalinationWe have devised Fig. 3 such as according to the principle of three above experiments and utilize solar energy completion
Sea water desalination simultaneously replaces the air pump in experiment three to realize the process system that liquid constantly circulates in annulus line, and pass through stream
The dynamic liquid-driving hydraulic turbine drives electrical power generators.Wind power generation unit and ladder hair are additionally arranged in order to improve energy conversion rate
Electric mode, more technical details please refer to specific embodiment.
Description of the drawings：
1. Fig. 1 is the schematic diagram for testing one and experiment two
2. Fig. 2 is the schematic diagram of experiment three
3. Fig. 3 is the comprehensive integrated new technological flow schematic diagram of solar power generation sea water desalination, it includes ring pipe (1) gas
Liquid/gas separator (2) air bleeding valve (3) wind-force pipe (4) wind power generation unit (5) condenser (6) condensate draining (7) groove type solar adds
Hot device (8) hydroelectric generation unit (9) oil pump (10) fuel tap (11) fuel tap (12) salt cage (13) connects salt bath (14) liquid feed valve
(15) fresh water pump (16) fresh water valve (17) fresh water valve (18) sea water pump (19) liquid feed valve (20) cooling water valve (21) cooling water valve
(22) cooling water pump (23) distribution plate (24)
Specific embodiment：As shown in figure 3, whole system wants water-filling to suppress exhaust experiment before activation, confirm that equipment is complete
Water is emptied after good, edible oil is filled with into ring pipe 1, (viscosity is low, good fluidity) is charged to gas-liquid separation preferably salad oil
More than 2 bottom of device 1 pipe radial height, opens oil pump (10), and fuel tap (11) fuel tap (12) adds through groove type solar heater (8)
Heat enters ring pipe and recycles, until when oil temperature rises to 180 degrees Celsius in ring pipe (the no boiling point of oiliness is said, it should
It is 215 degree, burning point 240-260 or so of smoke point, between -0.93 grams per milliliter of 0.91 grams per milliliter of density, 1m3Soybean salad oil density
920kg), open kingston valve (15), start sea water pump (19) open kingston valve (20) adjust flow (seawater valve opening by it is small to
Big gradually to adjust, according to temperature change and generator power output control kingston valve (20)) at the same start hydroelectric generation unit (9) and
Wind power generation unit (5) simultaneously starts cooling sea water service system (21) (22) (23), and in left and right, ring pipe is equipped with temperature monitoring point (heat
Galvanic couple), left side vertical tube is equipped with window, periodically starts salt cage (13) and condensed water fresh water pump (16), collects salt and distillation
Water.
The edible oil inland sea instant water that 180 degree is passed through in the seawater purified (uses gas by fast vaporizing in this and experiment three
Pump inflation has the effect that plays the same tune on different musical instruments, the edible oil in ring pipe the seawater being constantly passed through constantly vaporization so that left and right two
The pressure imbalance of side vertical tube persistently exists, and realizes the effect that the air pump in experiment three is replaced with solar energy, realizes the sun
Can generate electricity the comprehensive integrated new process of sea water desalination, a large amount of bubbles of seawater generation after vaporization, and the salt in seawater is precipitated simultaneously, this
It is exactly by oil, water vapour in sample left side vertical tube (1), salt Tong Shi And are deposited, we control the inlet of seawater to cause the volume of steam bubble
It is equal with the volume of oil, since the presence of steam bubble allows for producing very big pressure difference between left side vertical tube and right side vertical tube, this
Liquid in sample ring pipe just produces clockwise flow, and the hydraulic turbine in hydroelectric generation unit (9) is pushed to drive generator hair
Electricity.
Vapour and oil voluntarily detach behind vapour liquid separator (2) of the water vapour to top, and vapour pushes wind via wind-force pipe (4)
Power generator unit (5) is condensed into distilled water by ordinary sea water into condenser (6) after being generated electricity and enters condensate draining (7), then
Charcoal treated through entering warehouse for finished product, the energy consumed in seawater vaporescence, the energy of equipment cooling loss after the assay was approved
Amount is supplemented under the action of oil pump (10) by groove type solar heater (8).It is precipitated after purified seawater vaporization
Salt by the vertical tube of left side oil and vapour sweep along take to vapour liquid separator (2) by after gravitational settling by cage take out of collection cleaning after
Packaging.
Below we by water vapour, the shared volume in the vertical tube of left side is calculated for the half of left side vertical tube volume, then
The pressure difference generated between the vertical tube of both sides is the half of ring pipe height.
Vapor=18 gram of 1mol, normality lower volume are 22.4 liters, 22.4L/18 grams=1.2444L/ grams (0 DEG C
101KPa is 22.4L/mol, and at 25 DEG C, 101KPa, molar volume of gas is about 24.5L/ moles.18 grams/24.5L=
0.8036 gram/L is per m3=1000L
Per m3Weight=0.8036 gram × 1000=803.6 grams=0.8036Kg, that is, 0.8036Kg aquatic products steam 1m3。
We are calculated the height of ring pipe and diameter with specific data according still further to the flow diagram of attached drawing 3, false
If ring pipe, be highly 40 meters, a diameter of 2 meters.
So, when bubble volume in the vertical tube of left side and equal liquid volume, the pressure difference that left and right vertical tube generates is 20 meters, I
Can calculate the flow velocity of liquid in vertical tube and be：
V=flow velocity g=acceleration of gravity h=head heights s=seconds
Standpipe cross-sectional area S=π R2=3.14 × 12=3.14m2
Flow VS=19.8m/s × 3.14m of liquid in pipe2=62m3/s
The flow of steam also should be 62m in the vertical tube of left side3/s
The amount of required water：62m3/s×0.8036kg/m3=49.82kg/s-------------- (1) formula
Output of hydraulic turbine formula：
r：Liquid unit weight kg/m3
Q：Fluid flow m3/s
H：Fluid column (head) high m
--- --- --- --- --- ----(2) formulas of N (theory)=62 × 920 × 20/102=11,184 kilowatts
Net sea water pump N=49.82kg × 20/102 × 0.7=350/71.4=14 kilowatts
The heat of vaporization of water is 40.8 kj/mol, is equivalent to 2260 kilojoule per kilogram, and water is usually made to be evaporated in its boiling point
Equivalent water is heated to 100 DEG C of required heats from 1 DEG C by required 5 times of heat.
Heat of vaporization is a physical property of the Earth's materials, is defined as under standard atmospheric pressure (101.325) KPa, makes one mole
Substance evaporates required heat at a certain temperature, for a kind of its function for temperature of substance.Water is in an atmospheric pressure
Latent heat of vaporization when 100 DEG C of (0.1MP) is 2257.2kj/kg.
Following table is the latent heat of vaporization inquiry table of water, and according to the table, the latent heat of vaporization of water is 2 during 120.24 DEG C of temperature,
201.7kj/kg
According to data above, we carry out material and energy balane again：
Being learnt by (1) formula needs to vaporize seawater 49.82kg/s each second
Evaporation seawater amount is per hour：49.82kg/s × 3600s/h=179,352kg/h------------- (3) formula
180 tons × 5=900 tons of fresh water can be made daily if doing 5 hours by every work of nature by being approximately equal to 180t (ton)
The heat needed per hour is：
It is 2201.7kj/kg (when pressure is 0.2MPa) to take the latent heat of vaporization
179,352kg/h × 2,201.7kj/kg=394,879,298.4kj/h--------------- (4) formula
According to electric energy and thermal energy conversion formula, we learn 1kwh=3,600kj
The solar energy provided is needed to be per hour：(provide energy per square meter by solar energy and 1kw be calculated as with kw)
394,879,298kj/h ÷ 3600kj/kwh=109,688kw (can be considered solar energy square meter number) --- --- (5)
The formula solar energy area that so often degree electricity needs is the solar energy gross area divided by gross generation
That is (5) formula ÷ (2) formula
109,688m2÷ 11,184kw=9.8m2/ kw is approximately equal to 10m2/kw
Namely it is 10% that the utilization rate of 10 square meter solar energy or solar energy is needed per kwh.
Wind-power electricity generation power is：According to formula
N- power (KW)
ρ-gas density (kg/m3) take 0.76kg/m3
V- gas flow rates (m/s) take 19.8m/s
R- fan blade radiuses (m) take 1m
η-generator efficiency takes 0.8
CP- wind energy conversion efficiencies take 0.32
Generator power is about 755KW
This technique, which such as builds up staged power station, can make solar energy utilization ratio up to 30 or so percent.
Staged mentioned here is exactly the liquid of heat supply next stage that the liquid that will be evaporated is released in condensation
(heat source for becoming next stage), the heat source per level-one is needed with different liquid, and the liquid being vaporized also will be accordingly using difference
Liquid.Here it is no longer described in detail.
Since this technique can generate electricity in normal operation under the conditions of normal pressure and low temperature (50 DEG C or more) heat source, so it can be with
Using hot dry rock, this new energy generates electricity.
Claims (3)
1. a kind of solar power generation, the comprehensive integrated new process of sea water desalination.It includes：Ring pipe (1) gas-liquid separator (2) is vented
Valve (3) wind-force pipe (4) wind power generation unit (5) condenser (6) condensate draining (7) groove type solar heater (8) hydroelectric generation
Unit (9) oil pump (10) fuel tap (11) fuel tap (12) salt cage (13) connects salt bath (14) liquid feed valve (15) fresh water pump (16) fresh water
Valve (17) fresh water valve (18) sea water pump (19) liquid feed valve (20) cooling water valve (21) cooling water valve (22) cooling water pump (23) distributes
Plate (24).It is characterized in that：
The acting of the hydraulic turbine is to heat the liquid in ring pipe (1) by solar energy, it is made to send liquid feed valve (15) another
A kind of liquid rapid vaporization in vertical tube on the left of ring pipe (1) generates a large amount of steams and is evenly distributed under distribution plate (24) effect
In the entire vertical tube in left side, both sides vertical tube Midst density difference is made to generate pressure difference, liquid is made to be circulated in circulating line, with this
Push the hydraulic turbine work in hydroelectric generation unit (9).
2. be evaporated the steam that (vaporization) comes out pushes wind-power electricity generation list after vapour liquid separator (2) spilling by wind-force pipe (4)
After wind wheel (turbine) drive electrical power generators in first (5) fresh water charcoal treated inspection qualification again is condensed into through condenser
Enter warehouse for finished product afterwards.Salt is twisted out after being precipitated in gas-liquid separator (2) by salt cage examines qualification to enter finished product after the desalinization of soil by flooding or leaching
Library.
3. being generated electricity using staged, i.e., the thermal energy supply next stage that the condensation of previous stage steam is released, the second level supplies the third level, to carry
High heat utilization efficiency.Per level-one thermal liquid and to be vaporized liquid different.
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| CN201711010799.2A CN108167155A (en) | 2017-10-26 | 2017-10-26 | The comprehensive integrated new process of solar power generation sea water desalination |
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| CN201711010799.2A CN108167155A (en) | 2017-10-26 | 2017-10-26 | The comprehensive integrated new process of solar power generation sea water desalination |
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ID=62526772
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Cited By (1)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| WO2022160366A1 (en) * | 2021-02-01 | 2022-08-04 | 房盼盼 | Star circulation system for ocean thermal energy conversion apparatus |
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| CN104912605A (en) * | 2015-06-28 | 2015-09-16 | 江曼 | Efficient steam turbine power generation equipment |
| US20150285227A1 (en) * | 2014-04-04 | 2015-10-08 | Yanming Wei | Submersible gravity and thermal energy generator |
| CN105952586A (en) * | 2016-06-12 | 2016-09-21 | 河海大学常州校区 | Multi-energy assisted fresh water and sea salt co-production system |
| CN105986975A (en) * | 2016-03-03 | 2016-10-05 | 李青山 | New comprehensive solar drive (water turbine) hydraulic power and wind power electricity generating technology |
| JP2017025834A (en) * | 2015-07-24 | 2017-02-02 | 東洋紡株式会社 | Forward osmotic power generation method, and forward osmotic power generation system used therefor |
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| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN1821104A (en) * | 2005-01-28 | 2006-08-23 | 孟英志 | Method and device for sea water desalting, (waste) water purifying and electric generating |
| US20150285227A1 (en) * | 2014-04-04 | 2015-10-08 | Yanming Wei | Submersible gravity and thermal energy generator |
| CN104912605A (en) * | 2015-06-28 | 2015-09-16 | 江曼 | Efficient steam turbine power generation equipment |
| JP2017025834A (en) * | 2015-07-24 | 2017-02-02 | 東洋紡株式会社 | Forward osmotic power generation method, and forward osmotic power generation system used therefor |
| CN105986975A (en) * | 2016-03-03 | 2016-10-05 | 李青山 | New comprehensive solar drive (water turbine) hydraulic power and wind power electricity generating technology |
| CN105952586A (en) * | 2016-06-12 | 2016-09-21 | 河海大学常州校区 | Multi-energy assisted fresh water and sea salt co-production system |
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| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
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| WO2022160366A1 (en) * | 2021-02-01 | 2022-08-04 | 房盼盼 | Star circulation system for ocean thermal energy conversion apparatus |
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