CN108167063A - A kind of internal-combustion engine system - Google Patents

A kind of internal-combustion engine system Download PDF

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Publication number
CN108167063A
CN108167063A CN201711275669.1A CN201711275669A CN108167063A CN 108167063 A CN108167063 A CN 108167063A CN 201711275669 A CN201711275669 A CN 201711275669A CN 108167063 A CN108167063 A CN 108167063A
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CN
China
Prior art keywords
turbine
outlet
entrance
compressor
combustion engine
Prior art date
Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
Pending
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CN201711275669.1A
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Chinese (zh)
Inventor
郑新前
朱登渟
何潇
林韵
张文超
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Tsinghua University
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Tsinghua University
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Priority to CN201711275669.1A priority Critical patent/CN108167063A/en
Publication of CN108167063A publication Critical patent/CN108167063A/en
Pending legal-status Critical Current

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    • FMECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F02COMBUSTION ENGINES; HOT-GAS OR COMBUSTION-PRODUCT ENGINE PLANTS
    • F02BINTERNAL-COMBUSTION PISTON ENGINES; COMBUSTION ENGINES IN GENERAL
    • F02B37/00Engines characterised by provision of pumps driven at least for part of the time by exhaust
    • FMECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F01MACHINES OR ENGINES IN GENERAL; ENGINE PLANTS IN GENERAL; STEAM ENGINES
    • F01DNON-POSITIVE DISPLACEMENT MACHINES OR ENGINES, e.g. STEAM TURBINES
    • F01D15/00Adaptations of machines or engines for special use; Combinations of engines with devices driven thereby
    • FMECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F01MACHINES OR ENGINES IN GENERAL; ENGINE PLANTS IN GENERAL; STEAM ENGINES
    • F01NGAS-FLOW SILENCERS OR EXHAUST APPARATUS FOR MACHINES OR ENGINES IN GENERAL; GAS-FLOW SILENCERS OR EXHAUST APPARATUS FOR INTERNAL COMBUSTION ENGINES
    • F01N3/00Exhaust or silencing apparatus having means for purifying, rendering innocuous, or otherwise treating exhaust
    • F01N3/02Exhaust or silencing apparatus having means for purifying, rendering innocuous, or otherwise treating exhaust for cooling, or for removing solid constituents of, exhaust
    • F01N3/0205Exhaust or silencing apparatus having means for purifying, rendering innocuous, or otherwise treating exhaust for cooling, or for removing solid constituents of, exhaust using heat exchangers
    • FMECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F01MACHINES OR ENGINES IN GENERAL; ENGINE PLANTS IN GENERAL; STEAM ENGINES
    • F01NGAS-FLOW SILENCERS OR EXHAUST APPARATUS FOR MACHINES OR ENGINES IN GENERAL; GAS-FLOW SILENCERS OR EXHAUST APPARATUS FOR INTERNAL COMBUSTION ENGINES
    • F01N5/00Exhaust or silencing apparatus combined or associated with devices profiting by exhaust energy
    • F01N5/02Exhaust or silencing apparatus combined or associated with devices profiting by exhaust energy the devices using heat
    • FMECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F02COMBUSTION ENGINES; HOT-GAS OR COMBUSTION-PRODUCT ENGINE PLANTS
    • F02BINTERNAL-COMBUSTION PISTON ENGINES; COMBUSTION ENGINES IN GENERAL
    • F02B29/00Engines characterised by provision for charging or scavenging not provided for in groups F02B25/00, F02B27/00 or F02B33/00 - F02B39/00; Details thereof
    • F02B29/04Cooling of air intake supply
    • FMECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F02COMBUSTION ENGINES; HOT-GAS OR COMBUSTION-PRODUCT ENGINE PLANTS
    • F02BINTERNAL-COMBUSTION PISTON ENGINES; COMBUSTION ENGINES IN GENERAL
    • F02B37/00Engines characterised by provision of pumps driven at least for part of the time by exhaust
    • F02B37/12Control of the pumps
    • F02B37/18Control of the pumps by bypassing exhaust from the inlet to the outlet of turbine or to the atmosphere
    • F02B37/183Arrangements of bypass valves or actuators therefor
    • FMECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F02COMBUSTION ENGINES; HOT-GAS OR COMBUSTION-PRODUCT ENGINE PLANTS
    • F02BINTERNAL-COMBUSTION PISTON ENGINES; COMBUSTION ENGINES IN GENERAL
    • F02B41/00Engines characterised by special means for improving conversion of heat or pressure energy into mechanical power
    • F02B41/02Engines with prolonged expansion
    • F02B41/10Engines with prolonged expansion in exhaust turbines
    • YGENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
    • Y02TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
    • Y02TCLIMATE CHANGE MITIGATION TECHNOLOGIES RELATED TO TRANSPORTATION
    • Y02T10/00Road transport of goods or passengers
    • Y02T10/10Internal combustion engine [ICE] based vehicles
    • Y02T10/12Improving ICE efficiencies

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  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
  • General Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
  • Combustion & Propulsion (AREA)
  • Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
  • Thermal Sciences (AREA)
  • Engine Equipment That Uses Special Cycles (AREA)

Abstract

The invention discloses a kind of internal-combustion engine systems, belong to technical field of internal combustion engines, including:Internal combustion engine (1) sets air inlet and exhaust outlet thereon;First turbine (2), entrance are communicated to the exhaust outlet of internal combustion engine (1);First compressor (3), entrance connection air, the air inlet of outlet to internal combustion engine (1);Second turbine (4), entrance are communicated to the outlet of the first turbine (2);Exhaust gas by-pass valve (5), between internal combustion engine and the second turbine (4), outlet to the entrance of the second turbine (4);Second compressor (6), entrance are communicated to the outlet of the second turbine (4), outlet to air;First turbine (2) is connect by the first shafting (7) with the first compressor (3), for first compressor (3) rotation to be driven to carry out compressed action;Second turbine (4) is connect by the second shafting (8) with the second compressor (6), and compressed action is carried out for the second compressor (6) to be driven to rotate.The present invention uses two turbines and two compressors, turbo charge system and the inverse Bo Leideng circulatory systems are formed, while increases exhaust gas by-pass valve, on the one hand charge-air boost pressure is controlled, on the other hand further the comprehensive utilization ratio of discarded energy is improved using discarded energy.

Description

A kind of internal-combustion engine system
Technical field
The present invention relates to technical field of internal combustion engines more particularly to a kind of internal-combustion engine systems.
Background technology
Internal combustion engine has highly important effect in national product and life.At present, it is most automobile-used and peculiar to vessel Power is all internal combustion engine.Internal combustion engine consumes a large amount of fossil fuel, but the energy for averagely there was only 30%-40% is converted into machine Tool energy, the energy for having nearly 60%-70% are dispersed into the form of a variety of heat transfers in air in internal combustion engine working process.Its In, the exhaust energy of engine exhaust accounts for about the 30% of gross energy.That is, the energy that really utilizes of internal combustion engine and discharge Exhaust energy ratio is suitable, this causes the energy great waste.Internal combustion engine waste gas energy is recycled, is constantly carried The utilization ratio of high-energy source is the important means for realizing energy-saving and emission-reduction, has important meaning to the sustainable development of global economy Justice.
To solve the above problems, it is highly effective to recycle internal combustion engine waste gas energy using turbocharging in the prior art Technological means, at present using very extensive.Existing overwhelming majority diesel engine and 40% or so gasoline engine all employ whirlpool Take turns supercharging technology.The technical solution of the prior art mainly has following several:
1. scheme one:It is the structural representation for the turbocharged internal engine system being widely used in the prior art such as Fig. 1 Figure.Its operation principle is:The exhaust gas that internal combustion engine 1 discharges enters 2 expansion work of turbine, and turbine 2 is calmed the anger by 7 output work of shafting Machine 3,3 compressed air of compressor, increases admission pressure and density, compressed gas enter heat exchanger 9 and cool down, reduces into temperature Degree further increases density of the induced air, improves the dynamic property of internal combustion engine 1.It is discharged to later using post processing by the exhaust gas of turbine 2 In air.But the exhaust gas in this scenario, discharged after turbine 2 also has higher temperature, some energy can not recycle, To internal combustion engine waste gas energy underutilization.
2. scheme two:For the exhaust energy that turbine 2 is discharged in further Utilization plan one, the technical solution of the prior art It is to increase a turbo charge system after turbine 2 on the basis of scheme one, using two turbocharging technology, the two-stage whirlpool Wheel is used to plenum, but this scheme is not suitable for the little situation of power of IC engine demand, and two-step supercharging system It is matched with internal combustion engine more complicated.Meanwhile the exhaust gas after two stage turboexpansion still has certain recoverable Energy, this portion of energy are not recycled.
3. scheme three:When single-stage turbocharging can meet power of IC engine demand, to avoid system matches complicated, Two turbocharging technology will not generally be used.But on the basis of scheme one, using the increase power turbine after turbine 2 Technology further recycles the exhaust energy of internal combustion engine, but the requirement of this scheme enters the gas pressure superatmospheric of power turbine Power, therefore, when entering the exhaust gas pressure of power turbine close to atmospheric pressure, the acting ability of power turbine is limited, Wu Fajin One step recycles the exhaust energy of internal combustion engine.
Invention content
(1) goal of the invention
The object of the present invention is to provide a kind of internal-combustion engine systems.Using two turbines and two compressors, composition turbine increases Pressure system and the inverse Bo Leideng circulatory systems, while increase exhaust gas by-pass valve, on the one hand charge-air boost pressure is controlled, is prevented Boost pressure is excessive so that internal combustion engine detonation, on the other hand further improves the comprehensive profit of discarded energy using exhaust energy With rate.The inverse Bo Leideng circulatory systems are that exhaust gas is passed through turbine, are followed by a cooling device and a compressor in turbine, calm the anger Machine outlet is air.Exhaust gas enters cooling device after turbine expansion does work and cools down, then compressed through compressor, increases its pressure Atmospheric pressure is added to, then drains into air, this process is known as inverse Bo Leideng and recycles.It solves the useless of internal combustion engine in the prior art The problem of gas energy utilization is insufficient, while solve in the prior art since power turbine acting ability is limited, it can not be further The problem of recycling the exhaust energy of internal combustion engine;Exhaust energy is further recycled by using the inverse Bo Leideng circulatory systems, is solved In the prior art due to still having portion energy that can not recycle, and be not suitable for internal combustion engine work(using two turbocharging The problem of rate demand little situation.
(2) technical solution
To solve the above problems, the present invention provides a kind of internal-combustion engine system, including:Internal combustion engine sets air inlet thereon And exhaust outlet;First turbine, entrance are communicated to the exhaust outlet of the internal combustion engine;First compressor, entrance connection air, goes out Mouth is communicated to the air inlet of the internal combustion engine;Second turbine, entrance are communicated to the outlet of first turbine;Exhaust gas bypass Valve, entrance are communicated to the exhaust outlet of the internal combustion engine, outlet to the entrance of second turbine;Second compressor, Entrance is communicated to the outlet of second turbine, outlet to air;First turbine passes through the first shafting and described the One compressor connects, for first compressor rotation to be driven to carry out compressed action;Second turbine by the second shafting with The second compressor connection, for second compressor rotation to be driven to carry out compressed action.
Further, second turbine exports power to power plant by second shafting.
Further, the power plant is generator or the bent axle of the internal combustion engine.
Further, the internal-combustion engine system further includes:Charge air cooler, entrance are communicated to the outlet of first compressor, Outlet for cooling down the gas of the first compressor discharge, and increases the internal combustion to the air inlet of the internal combustion engine The density of the induced air of machine.
Further, the charge air cooler is air-cooled or water cooling heat exchanger.
Further, the exhaust gas by-pass valve is mechanical valve or solenoid valve.
Further, the internal-combustion engine system further includes:Cooling device is arranged on second turbine and the second compressor Between, for cooling down the gas of the second turbine discharge.
Further, the cooling device is the first heat exchanger components, thermoelectric conversion member, Rankine cycle system and organic Rankine At least one of circulatory system.
Further, the entrance of first heat exchanger components is communicated to the outlet of second turbine, and outlet is described in The entrance of second compressor, for cooling down the gas of the second turbine discharge.
Further, the entrance of the thermoelectric conversion member is communicated to the outlet of second turbine, and outlet is described in The thermal energy of absorption for cooling down the gas of the second turbine discharge, and is converted into electric energy output by the entrance of the second compressor.
Further, the Rankine cycle system or organic rankine cycle system include:Second heat exchanger components, first entrance The outlet of second turbine is communicated to, first outlet is communicated to the entrance of second compressor;Steam turbine, entrance connection To the second outlet of second heat exchanger components;Third heat exchanger components, entrance are communicated to the outlet of the steam turbine;Pump, Entrance is communicated to the outlet of the third heat exchanger components, outlet to the second entrance of second heat exchanger components;The vapour Turbine exports power by third shafting;The Rankine cycle system or organic rankine cycle system are used to cool down second whirlpool The gas of discharge is taken turns, while the heat of absorption is converted into power output.
(3) advantageous effect
The above-mentioned technical proposal of the present invention has following beneficial technique effect:
A kind of internal-combustion engine system provided by the invention, the object of the present invention is to provide a kind of internal-combustion engine systems.Utilize two Turbine and two compressors form turbo charge system and the inverse Bo Leideng circulatory systems, while increase exhaust gas by-pass valve, on the one hand Charge-air boost pressure is controlled, prevents boost pressure excessive so that internal combustion engine detonation, on the other hand further utilizes exhaust gas Energy improves the comprehensive utilization ratio of discarded energy, and the exhaust energy for solving internal combustion engine in the prior art under-utilized is asked Topic, while solve in the prior art since power turbine acting ability is limited, it can not further recycle the exhaust gas energy of internal combustion engine The problem of amount;Exhaust energy is further recycled by using the inverse Bo Leideng circulatory systems, is solved in the prior art due to using Two turbocharging still has portion energy that can not recycle, and is not suitable for the little situation of power of IC engine demand Problem.
The internal-combustion engine system of the present invention can also utilize thermoelectric material to replace the heat exchanger in the inverse Bo Leideng circulatory systems, The thermal energy of exhaust gas is absorbed by thermoelectric material, reduces the temperature of gas, while the thermal energy of absorption is also converted by thermoelectric material Electric energy further improves the recovery utilization rate of the exhaust energy of internal combustion engine.
The internal-combustion engine system of the present invention can also utilize Rankine cycle system and organic rankine cycle system will inverse Bo Leideng The heat that heat exchanger in the circulatory system absorbs is recycled, and further improves the recycling profit of the exhaust energy of internal combustion engine With rate.
Description of the drawings
Fig. 1 is the structure diagram of turbocharged internal engine system in the prior art;
Fig. 2 is the internal-combustion engine system composition schematic diagram that the embodiment of the present invention one provides;
Fig. 3 is the internal-combustion engine system structure diagram that the embodiment of the present invention one provides;
Fig. 4 is internal-combustion engine system structure diagram provided by Embodiment 2 of the present invention;
Fig. 5 is the internal-combustion engine system structure diagram that the embodiment of the present invention three provides;
Fig. 6 is the internal-combustion engine system structure diagram that the embodiment of the present invention five provides;
Fig. 7 is the internal-combustion engine system structure diagram that the embodiment of the present invention six provides;
Fig. 8 is the internal-combustion engine system structure diagram that the embodiment of the present invention seven provides;
Fig. 9 is the internal-combustion engine system structure diagram that the embodiment of the present invention eight provides.
Reference numeral:
1st, internal combustion engine, the 2, first turbine, the 3, first compressor, the 4, second turbine, 5, exhaust gas by-pass valve, 6, second calms the anger Machine, the 7, first shafting, the 8, second shafting, 9, charge air cooler, 10, cooling device, the 101, first heat exchanger components, 102, heat to electricity conversion portion Part, the 103, second heat exchanger components, 104, steam turbine, 105, third heat exchanger components, 106, pump, 107, third shafting.
Specific embodiment
Understand to make the object, technical solutions and advantages of the present invention clearer, With reference to embodiment and join According to attached drawing, the present invention is described in more detail.It should be understood that these descriptions are merely illustrative, and it is not intended to limit this hair Bright range.In addition, in the following description, the description to known features and technology is omitted, to avoid this is unnecessarily obscured The concept of invention.
Embodiment one
Fig. 2 is the internal-combustion engine system composition schematic diagram that the embodiment of the present invention one provides.
Fig. 3 is the internal-combustion engine system structure diagram that the embodiment of the present invention one provides.
Fig. 2, Fig. 3 are please referred to, the present invention provides a kind of internal-combustion engine system, including:Internal combustion engine 1, the first turbine 2, first pressure Mechanism of qi 3, the second turbine 4, exhaust gas by-pass valve 5, the second compressor 6, the first shafting 7 and the second shafting 8.
Internal combustion engine 1 sets air inlet and exhaust outlet thereon.Internal combustion engine 1 is a kind of dynamic power machine, by making fuel in inside Burning, and the thermal energy that fuel combustion is released is converted directly into the Thermal Motor of power.
First turbine 2, entrance are communicated to the exhaust outlet of internal combustion engine 1.
First compressor 3, entrance connection air, the air inlet of outlet to internal combustion engine 1, after will be atmospheric compressed It is sent into 1 inside of internal combustion engine and participates in work by combustion, improve the dynamic property of internal combustion engine 1.
Second turbine 4, entrance are communicated to the outlet of the first turbine 2.
Exhaust gas by-pass valve 5, entrance are communicated to the exhaust outlet of internal combustion engine 1, and entrance is communicated to the entrance of the second turbine 4.
Second compressor 6, entrance are communicated to the outlet of the second turbine 4, outlet to air, for by the second turbine It is discharged in air after the gas compression of 4 discharges.
First turbine 2 is connect by the first shafting 7 with the first compressor 3, for first compressor 3 rotation to be driven to carry out Compressed action.Second turbine 4 is connect by the second shafting 8 with the second compressor 6, for drive second compressor 6 rotate into Row compressed action, while connect with power plant, for carrying out power output outward.
Optionally, power plant is generator or the bent axle of internal combustion engine 1, but the present invention is not limited system, power plant It can also be other equipment.
Fig. 2 is please referred to, in the present embodiment, internal-combustion engine system further includes charge air cooler 9, and entrance is communicated to the first compressor 3 outlet, the air inlet of outlet to internal combustion engine 1 for cooling down the gas of the first compressor 3 discharge, and increase internal combustion engine 1 Density of the induced air.
Fig. 3 is please referred to, optionally, charge air cooler 9 is air-cooled or water cooling heat exchanger, but the present invention is not limited system.
Fig. 2 is please referred to, in the present embodiment, internal-combustion engine system further includes cooling device 7, is arranged on 4 He of the second turbine Between second compressor 6, for cooling down the gas of the second turbine 4 discharge.
Fig. 3 is please referred to, in the present embodiment, cooling device 10 is the first heat exchanger components 101, the first heat exchanger components 101 Entrance is communicated to the outlet of the second turbine 4, the entrance of outlet to the second compressor 6, for cooling down the discharge of the second turbine 4 Gas.
Optionally, the first heat exchanger components 101 are air-cooled or water cooling heat exchanger, but the present invention is not limited system.
Preferably, the first heat exchanger components 101 are the heat exchanger of water cooling, and the heat exchanger cooling effect of water cooling is more preferable so that the Two compressors, 6 wasted work smaller, energy regenerating utilization rate higher.
Please refer to Fig. 3, specifically, according to the direction that gas flows, the arrangement of component be followed successively by the first compressor 3, Charge air cooler 9, internal combustion engine 1, the first turbine 2 (exhaust gas by-pass valve 5 in parallel), the second turbine 4, the first heat exchanger components 101 and the second pressure Mechanism of qi 6.Wherein, the first turbine 2, the first compressor 3 and charge air cooler 9 form turbo charge system;Second turbine 4, second are calmed the anger 6 and first heat exchanger components 101 of machine form the inverse Bo Leideng circulatory systems, and exhaust gas passes through 4 expansion work of the second turbine, using first Heat exchanger components 101 enter the referred to as inverse Bo Leideng cycles of process that the second compressor 6 is compressed to atmospheric pressure after cooling down.The present invention's is interior Combustion engine system carries out internal combustion engine waste gas energy recycling, in addition useless using exhaust turbocharging system and the inverse Bo Leideng circulatory systems Gas by-passing valve controls charge-air boost pressure, and makes full use of the energy of bypassed exhaust gas, and the synthesis of exhaust energy is returned Receive utilization rate higher.
The operation principle of the internal-combustion engine system of the present invention is described below:
Fig. 2 is please referred to, when internal combustion engine 1 is in speed operation, 1 admission pressure of internal combustion engine is insufficient, and exhaust gas by-pass valve 5 closes It closes.The exhaust gas that the work of internal combustion engine 1 generates fully enters 2 expansion work of the first turbine, and the first turbine 2 passes through the first shafting 7 and the One compressor 3 is connected.
First turbine 2 drives the first compressor 3 to rotate by the first shafting 7, compressed air, makes the air inlet pressure of internal combustion engine 1 Power and density increase, after being cooled down using charge air cooler 9, make the density of the induced air of internal combustion engine 1 further increase, are conducive in raising The dynamic property of combustion engine 1.Enter internal combustion engine 1 and mixed with fuel by being pressurized air after cooling and burn.
When internal combustion engine is in high speed operating mode, to avoid charge-air boost pressure excessive so that internal combustion engine detonation, by exhaust gas Port valve 5 is opened, and with the increase of 1 rotating speed of internal combustion engine, and the aperture of exhaust gas by-pass valve 5 is continuously increased.Internal combustion engine 1 discharges at this time Exhaust gas in some without the first turbine 2, directly pass through exhaust gas by-pass valve 5 and enter the second turbine 4 and carry out expansion work.
Enter the second turbine 4 by the exhaust gas of the first turbine 2 and exhaust gas by-pass valve 5 and carry out expansion work.Second turbine 4 It is connected by the second shafting 8 with the second compressor 6, driving the second compressor rotation.The outlet of second compressor 6 is big compression ring Border, vacuum environment can be formed in its input end by being rotated by the second compressor 6.The outlet of second turbine 4 and the second compressor 6 Import pressure it is almost equal, the pressure loss only generated through piping and the first heat exchanger components 101, this partial loss is very It is small, therefore, the outlet pressures subatmospheric of the second turbine 4.Exhaust gas after the expansion of the first turbine 2 still has higher temperature Degree and pressure, and the exhaust gas for passing through exhaust gas by-pass valve 5 has very high temperature and pressure, two parts exhaust gas enters the second turbine 4 Atmospheric pressure is expanded to hereinafter, expansion is bigger, acting is more, that is, has recycled more exhaust energies.By the second turbine 4 Exhaust gas temperature and pressure be greatly lowered, then cooled down by heat exchanger 101, gas temperature further reduces.Phase homogeneity The exhaust gas of amount flow is compressed by the expansion of the second turbine 4 and the second compressor 6, due to entering the gas temperature of the second compressor 6 The temperature and pressure into 4 gas of the second turbine is far below, therefore the wasted work of compressed gas can be smaller with pressure.Pass through second Shafting 8 exports the remaining mechanical energy that the second turbine 4 generates, and the second shafting 8 can connect a generator and electricity Pond stores this portion of energy in the form of electric energy, and the second shafting 8 can also connect the bent axle of internal combustion engine 1, is carried for internal combustion engine 1 For power.
Embodiment two
Fig. 4 is please referred to, the difference lies in cooling device 10 uses thermoelectric conversion member to the present embodiment with embodiment one 102 replace the first heat exchanger components 101.
The entrance of thermoelectric conversion member 102 is communicated to the outlet of the second turbine 4, and outlet enters to the second compressor 6 Mouthful, for cooling down the gas of the second turbine 4 discharge, and the thermal energy of absorption is converted into electric energy output.
Optionally, the material of thermoelectric conversion member 102 is thermoelectric material, and thermoelectric material is that one kind can convert heat into The material of electric energy.
Specifically, after exhaust gas is by 4 expansion work of the second turbine, still there is higher temperature, also carry out waste heat and return Receive the space utilized.The exhaust gas of second turbine 4 discharge absorbs the thermal energy of exhaust gas by thermoelectric conversion member 102 so that thermoelectricity turns Changing 102 one side of component reduces the temperature of gas, has achieved the purpose that cooling, the thermal energy of absorption on the other hand is converted into electricity Energy further improves the recovery utilization rate of the exhaust energy of internal combustion engine 1.
The structure and connection relation of other parts in the present embodiment are identical in embodiment one, and details are not described herein.
Embodiment three
Since in the technical solution of embodiment one, the first heat exchanger components 101 absorb the heat of exhaust gas, it is useless that reduction can be reached The purpose of temperature degree, but whether the first heat exchanger components 101 are using air-cooled or water cooling heat exchanger, this part of absorption Heat is not recycled, but is dispersed into air.Therefore, in the present embodiment first is replaced using Rankine cycle system Heat exchanger components 101 are further recycled this partial heat that the second heat exchanger components 103 absorb, to improve energy Utilization rate.
Please refer to Fig. 5, in the present embodiment, Rankine cycle system includes the second heat exchanger components 103, steam turbine 104, third and changes Thermal part 105, pump 106 and third shafting 107.
The first entrance of second heat exchanger components 103 is communicated to the outlet of the second turbine 4, and first outlet is communicated to second and calms the anger The entrance of machine 6.
The entrance of steam turbine 104 is communicated to the second outlet of the second heat exchanger components 103.
The entrance of third heat exchanger components 105 is communicated to the outlet of steam turbine 104.
Optionally, third heat exchanger components 105 are air-cooled or water cooling heat exchanger, but the present invention is not limited system.
The entrance of pump 106 is communicated to the outlets of third heat exchanger components 105, and the of outlet to the second heat exchanger components 103 Two entrances.
Steam turbine 104 exports power by third shafting 107.Specifically, one end of third shafting 107 and steam turbine 104 Connection, the other end export power to external power plant.
Rankine cycle system is for cooling down the gas of the second turbine 4 discharge, while it is defeated that the heat of absorption is converted into power Go out, further recycle the exhaust energy of internal combustion engine 1, improve the utilization rate of energy.
Specifically, pump 106 provides power for the flowing of the working medium of Rankine cycle system, working medium passes through the second heat exchanger components 103, carry out heat exchange with the exhaust gas discharged from the second turbine 4.The working medium of Rankine cycle system is heated, and exhaust gas is cooled.Quilt Working medium after heating enters steam turbine 104, the expansion work in steam turbine 104, and the mechanical energy for generation of doing work passes through third shafting 107 outputs.Working medium after expansion enters third heat exchanger components 105 and cools down, and enters back into pump 106 and is recycled.This method can be into One step recycles the exhaust energy of internal combustion engine 1, improves capacity usage ratio.
The structure and connection relation of other parts in the present embodiment are identical in embodiment one, and details are not described herein.
Example IV
The difference lies in replace Rankine cycle system to the present embodiment using organic rankine cycle system with embodiment three System.
The structure of organic rankine cycle system and Rankine cycle system, composition and operation principle all same, difference only exist It is water in, cycle fluid in Rankine cycle system, the cycle fluid in organic rankine cycle system is organic matter.
The structure and connection relation of other parts in the present embodiment are identical in embodiment three, and details are not described herein.
Embodiment five
Please refer to Fig. 6, the difference lies in the coolings in the present embodiment for the present embodiment and embodiment one and embodiment two Device 10 is to be combined the thermoelectric conversion member 102 in the first heat exchanger components 101 and embodiment two in embodiment one, i.e., It is cooled down, increased using the gas that the first heat exchanger components 101 and thermoelectric conversion member 102 discharge the second turbine 4 simultaneously While cooling effect, the thermal energy that thermoelectric conversion member 102 absorbs can also be converted into electric energy output.
Fig. 6 is please referred to, specifically, the gas of the second turbine 4 discharge, first passes through the first heat exchanger components 101, using thermoelectricity Converting member 102 is communicated to the entrance of the second compressor 6, i.e. the entrance of the first heat exchanger components 101 is communicated to going out for the second turbine 4 Mouthful, the entrance of outlet to thermoelectric conversion member 102, outlet the entering to the second compressor 6 of thermoelectric conversion member 102 Mouthful.
The present invention is not limited system, and the gas of the second turbine 4 discharge can also first pass through thermoelectric conversion member 102, then The entrance of the second compressor 6 is communicated to by the first heat exchanger components 101, i.e. the entrance of thermoelectric conversion member 102 is communicated to second The outlet of turbine 4, the entrance of outlet to the first heat exchanger components 101, the outlet of the first heat exchanger components 101 are pressed to second The entrance of mechanism of qi 6.
The structure and connection relation of other parts in the present embodiment are identical in embodiment one, and details are not described herein.
Embodiment six
Please refer to Fig. 7, the difference lies in the coolings in the present embodiment for the present embodiment and embodiment one and embodiment three Device 10 is to be combined the Rankine cycle system in the first heat exchanger components 101 and embodiment three in embodiment one, i.e., together The gas that the first heat exchanger components of Shi Caiyong 101 and Rankine cycle system discharge the second turbine 4 cools down, and is increasing cooling effect While fruit, the heat that the second heat exchanger components 103 absorb further is recycled, to improve the utilization rate of energy.
Fig. 7 is please referred to, specifically, the gas of the second turbine 4 discharge, first passes through the second heat exchanging part in Rankine cycle system Part 103 using the first heat exchanger components 101, then is communicated to the entrance of the second compressor 6, i.e. second in Rankine cycle system The first entrance of heat exchanger components 103 is communicated to the outlet of the second turbine 4, the entrance of outlet to the first heat exchanger components 101, and The outlet of one heat exchanger components 101 is to the entrance of the second compressor 6.
The present invention is not limited system, and the gas of the second turbine 4 discharge can also first pass through the first heat exchanger components 101, then The entrance of the second compressor 6, i.e. the first heat exchanger components 101 are communicated to by the second heat exchanger components 103 in Rankine cycle system Entrance be communicated to the outlet of the second turbine 4, the first entrance of the second heat exchanger components 103 is communicated to first in Rankine cycle system The outlet of heat exchanger components 101, first outlet are communicated to the entrance of the second compressor 6.
The structure and connection relation of other parts in the present embodiment are identical in embodiment one, and details are not described herein.
Embodiment seven
Please refer to Fig. 8, the difference lies in the coolings in the present embodiment for the present embodiment and embodiment two and embodiment three Device 10 is to be combined the Rankine cycle system in the thermoelectric conversion member 102 and embodiment three in embodiment two, i.e., together The gas that Shi Caiyong thermoelectric conversion members 102 and Rankine cycle system discharge the second turbine 4 cools down, and is increasing cooling effect While fruit, the thermal energy that thermoelectric conversion member 102 absorbs can also be converted into electric energy output, it can also be by the second heat exchanger components 103 heats absorbed are further recycled, to improve the utilization rate of energy.
Fig. 8 is please referred to, specifically, the gas of the second turbine 4 discharge, first passes through the second heat exchanging part in Rankine cycle system Part 103 is communicated to the entrance of the second compressor 6 using thermoelectric conversion member 102, i.e., the second heat exchange in Rankine cycle system The first entrance of component 103 is communicated to the outlet of the second turbine 4, and first outlet is communicated to the entrance of thermoelectric conversion member 102, heat The outlet of electric converting member 102 is to the entrance of the second compressor 6.
The present invention is not limited system, and the gas of the second turbine 4 discharge can also first pass through thermoelectric conversion member 102, then The entrance of the second compressor 6, i.e. thermoelectric conversion member 102 are communicated to by the second heat exchanger components 103 in Rankine cycle system Entrance be communicated to the outlet of the second turbine 4, the first of the second heat exchanger components 103 enters in outlet to Rankine cycle system Mouthful, the first outlet of the second heat exchanger components 103 is communicated to the entrance of the second compressor 6.
The structure and connection relation of other parts in the present embodiment are identical in embodiment one, and details are not described herein.
Embodiment eight
Fig. 9 is please referred to, the difference lies in the coolings in the present embodiment to embodiment seven with embodiment one for the present embodiment Device 10 is will be in the first heat exchanger components 101 in embodiment one, the thermoelectric conversion member 102 and embodiment three in embodiment two Rankine cycle system be combined, i.e., simultaneously using the first heat exchanger components 101, thermoelectric conversion member 102 and Rankine cycle system The gas discharged to the second turbine 4 of uniting cools down, can also be by thermoelectric conversion member 102 while cooling effect is increased The thermal energy of absorption is converted into electric energy output, and the heat that the second heat exchanger components 103 absorb can also be carried out to further recycling profit With to improve the utilization rate of energy.
Fig. 9 is please referred to, specifically, the gas of the second turbine 4 discharge, first passes through the second heat exchanging part in Rankine cycle system Part 103 using the first heat exchanger components 101, is finally communicated to the entrance of the second compressor 6 by thermoelectric conversion member 102.I.e. The first entrance of the second heat exchanger components 103 is communicated to the outlet of the second turbine 4 in Rankine cycle system, and first outlet is communicated to The entrance of one heat exchanger components 101, the outlet of the first heat exchanger components 101 to the entrance of thermoelectric conversion member 102, heat to electricity conversion The outlet of component 102 is to the entrance of the second compressor 6.
The present invention is not limited system, and the gas of the second turbine 4 discharge can also first pass through thermoelectric conversion member 102, then By the first heat exchanger components 101, finally the second compressor 6 is communicated to by the second heat exchanger components 103 in Rankine cycle system Entrance.Alternatively, the first heat exchanger components 101 are first passed through, using thermoelectric conversion member 102, finally by Rankine cycle system In the second heat exchanger components 103 be communicated to the entrance of the second compressor 6.
In the present embodiment, the distributing order of the first heat exchanger components 101, thermoelectric conversion member 102 and Rankine cycle system Including but not limited to above-mentioned several sequences, the first heat exchanger components 101, thermoelectric conversion member 102 and Rankine cycle system can be with It is sequentially arranged with other, specific distributing order can suitably be adjusted according to actual needs.
The structure and connection relation of other parts in the present embodiment are identical in embodiment one, and details are not described herein.
Embodiment nine
The present embodiment and embodiment one to embodiment seven the difference lies in, the cooling device 10 in the present embodiment be by The first heat exchanger components 101 in embodiment one, the thermoelectric conversion member 102 in embodiment two, the Rankine cycle in embodiment three Organic rankine cycle system in system and example IV is combined, i.e., simultaneously using the first heat exchanger components 101, heat to electricity conversion The gas that component 102, Rankine cycle system and organic rankine cycle system discharge the second turbine 4 cools down, cold increasing But while effect, the thermal energy that thermoelectric conversion member 102 absorbs can also be converted into electric energy output, it can also be by the second heat exchange The heat that component 103 absorbs further is recycled, to improve the utilization rate of energy.
Specifically, the gas of the second turbine 4 discharge, first passes through the first heat exchanger components 101, using thermoelectric conversion member 102, then by Rankine cycle system, the entrance of the second compressor 6 is finally communicated to by organic rankine cycle system.
The present invention is not limited system, and the gas of the second turbine 4 discharge can also first pass through thermoelectric conversion member 102, then By the first heat exchanger components 101, then by Rankine cycle system, finally the second pressure is communicated to by organic rankine cycle system The entrance of mechanism of qi 6.
In the present embodiment, the first heat exchanger components 101, thermoelectric conversion member 102, Rankine cycle system and organic Rankine follow The distributing order of loop system includes but not limited to above-mentioned several sequences, the first heat exchanger components 101, thermoelectric conversion member 102, Rankine The circulatory system and organic rankine cycle system can also sequentially be arranged with other, and specific distributing order can be according to practical need Suitably adjusted.
The structure and connection relation of other parts in the present embodiment are identical in embodiment one, and details are not described herein.
In above-described embodiment six, embodiment seven and embodiment eight, the Rankine cycle system in cooling device 10 can also It is replaced with organic rankine cycle system.
The present invention is directed to protect a kind of internal-combustion engine system, two turbines and two compressors, composition turbocharging system are utilized System and the inverse Bo Leideng circulatory systems, while increase exhaust gas by-pass valve, on the one hand charge-air boost pressure is controlled, prevents from being pressurized Pressure is excessive so that internal combustion engine detonation, on the other hand further improves the comprehensive utilization ratio of discarded energy using exhaust energy, It solves the problems, such as that the exhaust energy of internal combustion engine in the prior art is under-utilized, while solves in the prior art due to power whirlpool It is limited to take turns acting ability, the problem of can not further recycling the exhaust energy of internal combustion engine;By using the inverse Bo Leideng circulatory systems Exhaust energy is further recycled, is solved in the prior art due to still having portion energy that can not return using two turbocharging The problem of receiving and utilize, and not being suitable for power of IC engine demand little situation.The internal-combustion engine system of the present invention, can also utilize Thermoelectric material replaces heat exchanger, and the thermal energy of exhaust gas is absorbed by thermoelectric material, reduces the temperature of gas, while thermoelectric material is also The thermal energy of absorption is converted into electric energy, further improves the recovery utilization rate of the exhaust energy of internal combustion engine.The internal combustion of the present invention The heat that heat exchanger in the inverse Bo Leideng circulatory systems absorbs can also be carried out recycling profit by machine system using Rankine cycle system With further improving the recovery utilization rate of the exhaust energy of internal combustion engine.
In the description of the present invention, it should be noted that term " first ", " second ", " third ", " the 4th " are only used for retouching Purpose is stated, and it is not intended that instruction or hint relative importance.
It should be understood that the above-mentioned specific embodiment of the present invention is used only for exemplary illustration or explains the present invention's Principle, without being construed as limiting the invention.Therefore, that is done without departing from the spirit and scope of the present invention is any Modification, equivalent replacement, improvement etc., should all be included in the protection scope of the present invention.In addition, appended claims purport of the present invention Covering the whole variations fallen into scope and boundary or this range and the equivalent form on boundary and repairing Change example.

Claims (11)

1. a kind of internal-combustion engine system, which is characterized in that including:
Internal combustion engine (1) sets air inlet and exhaust outlet thereon;
First turbine (2), entrance are communicated to the exhaust outlet of the internal combustion engine (1);
First compressor (3), entrance connection air, outlet to the air inlet of the internal combustion engine (1);
Second turbine (4), entrance are communicated to the outlet of first turbine (2);
Exhaust gas by-pass valve (5), entrance are communicated to the outlet of the internal combustion engine (1), the outlet of the exhaust gas by-pass valve (5) To the entrance of second turbine (4);
Second compressor (6), entrance are communicated to the outlet of second turbine (4), and the outlet of second compressor (6) connects Lead to air;
First turbine (2) is connect by the first shafting (7) with first compressor (3), for this to be driven first to calm the anger Machine (3) rotation carries out compressed action;Second turbine (4) is connect by the second shafting (8) with second compressor (6), For second compressor (6) rotation to be driven to carry out compressed action.
2. system according to claim 1, which is characterized in that
Second turbine (4) exports power to power plant by second shafting (8).
3. system according to claim 2, which is characterized in that
The power plant is generator or the bent axle of the internal combustion engine (1).
4. system according to claim 1, which is characterized in that further include:
Charge air cooler (9), entrance are communicated to the outlet of first compressor (3), the outlet of the charge air cooler (9) to institute The air inlet of internal combustion engine (1) is stated, for cooling down the gas of the first compressor (3) discharge, and increases the internal combustion engine (1) Density of the induced air.
5. system according to claim 4, which is characterized in that
The charge air cooler (9) is air-cooled or water cooling heat exchanger.
6. system according to claim 1, which is characterized in that
The exhaust gas by-pass valve (5) is mechanical valve or solenoid valve.
7. system according to claim 1, which is characterized in that further include:
Cooling device (10) is arranged between second turbine (4) and the second compressor (6), for cooling down described second The gas of turbine (4) discharge.
8. system according to claim 7, which is characterized in that
The cooling device (10) is the first heat exchanger components (101), thermoelectric conversion member (102), Rankine cycle system and organic At least one of Rankine cycle system.
9. system according to claim 8, which is characterized in that
The entrance of first heat exchanger components (101) is communicated to the outlet of second turbine (4), first heat exchanger components (101) outlet to second compressor (6) entrance, for cooling down the gas of second turbine (4) discharge.
10. system according to claim 8, which is characterized in that
The entrance of the thermoelectric conversion member (102) is communicated to the outlet of second turbine (4), the thermoelectric conversion member (102) outlet to second compressor (6) entrance, for cooling down the gas of second turbine (4) discharge, and The thermal energy of absorption is converted into electric energy output.
11. system according to claim 8, which is characterized in that the Rankine cycle system or organic rankine cycle system Including:
Second heat exchanger components (103), first entrance are communicated to the outlet of second turbine (4), second heat exchanger components (103) first outlet is communicated to the entrance of second compressor (6);
Steam turbine (104), entrance are communicated to the second outlet of second heat exchanger components (103);
Third heat exchanger components (105), entrance are communicated to the outlet of the steam turbine (104);
It pumps (106), entrance is communicated to the outlet of the third heat exchanger components (105), the outlet for pumping (106) to institute State the second entrance of the second heat exchanger components (103);
The steam turbine (104) exports power by third shafting (107);
The Rankine cycle system or organic rankine cycle system are used to cool down the gas of the second turbine (4) discharge, simultaneously The heat of absorption is converted into power output.
CN201711275669.1A 2017-12-06 2017-12-06 A kind of internal-combustion engine system Pending CN108167063A (en)

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Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
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Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
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Citations (4)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
CN101169067A (en) * 2006-10-24 2008-04-30 依维柯发动机研究公司 Engine apparatus with heat recovery system and relative heat recovery method
CN102165158A (en) * 2008-09-26 2011-08-24 雷诺卡车公司 Power assembly, especially for an automotive vehicle
CN104632357A (en) * 2014-12-30 2015-05-20 清华大学 Two-stage supercharging system of internal combustion engine
WO2017098251A1 (en) * 2015-12-11 2017-06-15 Hieta Technologies Limited Inverted brayton cycle heat engine

Patent Citations (4)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
CN101169067A (en) * 2006-10-24 2008-04-30 依维柯发动机研究公司 Engine apparatus with heat recovery system and relative heat recovery method
CN102165158A (en) * 2008-09-26 2011-08-24 雷诺卡车公司 Power assembly, especially for an automotive vehicle
CN104632357A (en) * 2014-12-30 2015-05-20 清华大学 Two-stage supercharging system of internal combustion engine
WO2017098251A1 (en) * 2015-12-11 2017-06-15 Hieta Technologies Limited Inverted brayton cycle heat engine

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