CN108165293A - A kind of method and system that unthickened fuel is prepared using biomass material - Google Patents

A kind of method and system that unthickened fuel is prepared using biomass material Download PDF

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Publication number
CN108165293A
CN108165293A CN201711440359.0A CN201711440359A CN108165293A CN 108165293 A CN108165293 A CN 108165293A CN 201711440359 A CN201711440359 A CN 201711440359A CN 108165293 A CN108165293 A CN 108165293A
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CN
China
Prior art keywords
gas
thermal decomposition
prepared
biomass material
unthickened fuel
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Pending
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CN201711440359.0A
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Chinese (zh)
Inventor
邵志伟
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Shanghai Tian Qian Environmental Protection Technology Co Ltd
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Shanghai Tian Qian Environmental Protection Technology Co Ltd
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Priority to CN201711440359.0A priority Critical patent/CN108165293A/en
Publication of CN108165293A publication Critical patent/CN108165293A/en
Pending legal-status Critical Current

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    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C10—PETROLEUM, GAS OR COKE INDUSTRIES; TECHNICAL GASES CONTAINING CARBON MONOXIDE; FUELS; LUBRICANTS; PEAT
    • C10G—CRACKING HYDROCARBON OILS; PRODUCTION OF LIQUID HYDROCARBON MIXTURES, e.g. BY DESTRUCTIVE HYDROGENATION, OLIGOMERISATION, POLYMERISATION; RECOVERY OF HYDROCARBON OILS FROM OIL-SHALE, OIL-SAND, OR GASES; REFINING MIXTURES MAINLY CONSISTING OF HYDROCARBONS; REFORMING OF NAPHTHA; MINERAL WAXES
    • C10G1/00—Production of liquid hydrocarbon mixtures from oil-shale, oil-sand, or non-melting solid carbonaceous or similar materials, e.g. wood, coal
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C10—PETROLEUM, GAS OR COKE INDUSTRIES; TECHNICAL GASES CONTAINING CARBON MONOXIDE; FUELS; LUBRICANTS; PEAT
    • C10G—CRACKING HYDROCARBON OILS; PRODUCTION OF LIQUID HYDROCARBON MIXTURES, e.g. BY DESTRUCTIVE HYDROGENATION, OLIGOMERISATION, POLYMERISATION; RECOVERY OF HYDROCARBON OILS FROM OIL-SHALE, OIL-SAND, OR GASES; REFINING MIXTURES MAINLY CONSISTING OF HYDROCARBONS; REFORMING OF NAPHTHA; MINERAL WAXES
    • C10G2/00—Production of liquid hydrocarbon mixtures of undefined composition from oxides of carbon
    • C10G2/30—Production of liquid hydrocarbon mixtures of undefined composition from oxides of carbon from carbon monoxide with hydrogen
    • C10G2/32—Production of liquid hydrocarbon mixtures of undefined composition from oxides of carbon from carbon monoxide with hydrogen with the use of catalysts
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C10—PETROLEUM, GAS OR COKE INDUSTRIES; TECHNICAL GASES CONTAINING CARBON MONOXIDE; FUELS; LUBRICANTS; PEAT
    • C10G—CRACKING HYDROCARBON OILS; PRODUCTION OF LIQUID HYDROCARBON MIXTURES, e.g. BY DESTRUCTIVE HYDROGENATION, OLIGOMERISATION, POLYMERISATION; RECOVERY OF HYDROCARBON OILS FROM OIL-SHALE, OIL-SAND, OR GASES; REFINING MIXTURES MAINLY CONSISTING OF HYDROCARBONS; REFORMING OF NAPHTHA; MINERAL WAXES
    • C10G2300/00—Aspects relating to hydrocarbon processing covered by groups C10G1/00 - C10G99/00
    • C10G2300/10—Feedstock materials
    • C10G2300/1011—Biomass
    • Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
    • Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
    • Y02E—REDUCTION OF GREENHOUSE GAS [GHG] EMISSIONS, RELATED TO ENERGY GENERATION, TRANSMISSION OR DISTRIBUTION
    • Y02E50/00—Technologies for the production of fuel of non-fossil origin
    • Y02E50/30—Fuel from waste, e.g. synthetic alcohol or diesel

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  • Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
  • Oil, Petroleum & Natural Gas (AREA)
  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Chemical Kinetics & Catalysis (AREA)
  • General Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
  • Organic Chemistry (AREA)
  • Life Sciences & Earth Sciences (AREA)
  • Wood Science & Technology (AREA)
  • Processing Of Solid Wastes (AREA)

Abstract

The present invention relates to field of environment engineering technology, and in particular to a kind of method and system that unthickened fuel is prepared using biomass material.The present invention is raw material, the raw material after thermal decomposition furnace carries out thermally decomposing to generate gas using biomass, to the CO and H in the gas componant2It carries out individually separated, and these gases is temporarily stored within H respectively2In holding vessel, CO holding vessels, then carried out in polymerisation reaction process in catalyst reactor, respectively with H2Gas flow regulating valve, CO gas flow regulating valves and H2Gas flowmeter, CO gas flowmeters and ensure the mutual flow-rate ratio of each gas certain numerical value proportional controller carry out flow-rate adjustment, optimal CO and H is provided as far as possible2Flow-rate ratio is reacted.The present invention program, due to the H by catalyst reactor2It is high with the purity of CO gases, other gases are not contained, it is harmless to catalyst activity.

Description

A kind of method and system that unthickened fuel is prepared using biomass material
Technical field
The present invention relates to field of environment engineering technology, and in particular to a kind of method that unthickened fuel is prepared using biomass material And system.
Background technology
In recent years, with the raising of environmental consciousness, it is desirable to liquid fuel of the extraction without harmful substance from biomass material. Using biomass as the method for raw material extracting liq fuel, the method including obtaining ethyl alcohol or methanol by fermentation method, Huo Zhetong It crosses after pyrolysismethod thermally decomposes raw material, passes through the H in generated gas2And CO gases carry out polymerisation conjunction with catalyst Into unthickened fuel.
The pyrolysismethod synthesis unthickened fuel of the prior art, is to be generated by thermal decomposition furnace with H2, CO be principal component, further include CO2、N2、CH4、O2、CmHn、H2O and micro HCl, SO2In thermal decomposition gas Deng including, CO is removed2、O2、N2、H2O, and HCl、SO2, to obtain with H2, mixed gas composition based on CO, being then delivered to catalyst reactor, to bring it about polymerization anti- It should；But in this mixed gas, when polymerisation is difficult to avoid being mixed with H2, subparticle and other impurities gas other than CO Body, therefore the hypoactivity of catalyst can be caused.
In the method for the prior art, the thermal decomposition gas for being transmitted to catalyst reactor is H2With the flow of the mixed gas of CO Ratio cannot adjust, therefore can not also ensure to be transmitted to the H of the thermal decomposition gas of catalyst reactor2It is protected always with the flow-rate ratio of CO It holds in best ratio, the catalysis reactivity of catalyst is low, and the production quantity of unthickened fuel is relatively low.
Invention content
In view of this, it is necessary to for it is above-mentioned the problem of, provide a kind of from the thermal decomposition gas that gets of biomass material decomposition In body, only to the H in reactor product2And CO carries out Selective Separation, and by H2With CO in catalyst reactor according to most suitable When flow-rate ratio carry out polymerisation, to improve polymerisation rate, so as to increase the method and system of the production quantity of unthickened fuel.
Such as to grass, wood, the biomass material that gets of coal plant thermally decomposed, from its gas componant to CO and H2 Progress Selective Separation, (FT synthesis) by selecting optimal flow proportional, it is anti-to improve catalyst under the polymerisation of catalyst It answers the reactivity of device 18, improve the production rate of unthickened fuel.
To achieve the above object, the present invention takes following technical solution：
The method that the present invention prepares unthickened fuel using biomass material, including：
Using biomass as raw material, from thermal decomposition gas, to H2After gas and the difference progressive selection separation of CO gases, point H Dui Ying be stored in2Then the holding vessel of gas and CO gases keeps each gas, by regulating device, to make with certain flow ratio Two gases mix in catalyst reactor occurs polymerisation, and then synthesize the unthickened fuel of liquid hydrocarbon.
Further, it further includes and the O that purity is 95%~99% is isolated by oxygen separator2The step of gas, and Use the O2As partially combusted oxidant.
Further, the N separated to oxygen separator is further included2Gas carries out the step of storage recycling.
Further, 800 DEG C~1200 DEG C of the thermal decomposition gas generated by thermal decomposition furnace is further included, to being blown in same stove Into vapor be heated to 650 DEG C~800 DEG C of steam heating stepses and from steam tower bottom condensing water heated Make the step of thermal decomposition gas cooling is to close to 350 DEG C simultaneously.Gas cooling will such as be thermally decomposed to 320-370 DEG C.
Further, including adopting the step of mode of being eluted with water removes asphalt component included in thermal decomposition gas.
Further, H is isolated by gas separator2And in the residual gas after CO, due to CO2Gas occupies most Large scale, therefore also included to CO2Carry out Selective Separation, and by CO after separation2The step of being stored.
A kind of system that unthickened fuel is prepared using biomass material, including thermal decomposition furnace, gas separator, H2Holding vessel, CO holding vessels and catalyst reactor；
The thermal decomposition furnace is connect with gas separator pipeline, and gas separator selects the thermal decomposition gas in thermal decomposition furnace Selecting property isolates H2And after CO, obtained H2, CO be respectively stored in H2In holding vessel, CO holding vessels；
The H2Holding vessel outlet successively with H2Gas flow regulating valve, H2Gas flowmeter, catalyst reactor inlet pipeline Connection；The CO holding vessels outlet connects successively with CO gas flow regulating valves, CO gas flowmeters, catalyst reactor inlet pipeline It connects, the H2And CO carries out polymerisation in catalyst reactor.
Further, further include proportional controller, the proportional controller respectively with H2Gas flow regulating valve, H2Gas Flowmeter, CO gas flow regulating valves, the connection of CO gas flowmeters, so that H2, CO catalyst reactor is entered with the ratio set In.
Further, oxygen separator is further included, the oxygen separator is connect with thermal decomposition furnace, for that will be divided by air Oxygen is transported in thermal decomposition furnace from obtained by.
Further, N is further included2Holding vessel, the N2Holding vessel is connect with oxygen separator pipeline, for oxygen to be divided It is recycled from the nitrogen after being detached in device.
Further, it further includes steam superheater, decompose gas cooler；The steam superheater decomposes gas cooling Device is sequentially connected on the pipeline between the thermal decomposition furnace and the gas separator, is respectively used to carry out heat with thermal decomposition gas It exchanges.
Further, washer is further included, the washer is connected between the thermal decomposition furnace and the gas separator Pipeline on, for the ingredients such as pitch, dust included in removal thermal decomposition gas.
Further, CO is further included2Separator, the CO2Separator is connect with gas separator, for gas to be detached Residual gas after device separation is further separated out CO2。
The present invention is raw material, the raw material after thermal decomposition furnace carries out thermally decomposing to generate gas using biomass, to the gas into CO and H in point2It carries out individually separated, and these gases is temporarily stored within H respectively2In holding vessel, CO holding vessels, then exist It is carried out in polymerisation reaction process in catalyst reactor, respectively with H2Gas flow regulating valve, CO gas flow regulating valves with And H2Gas flowmeter, CO gas flowmeters and ensure that the mutual flow-rate ratio of each gas is flowed in the proportional controller of certain numerical value Amount is adjusted, and provides optimal CO and H as far as possible2Flow-rate ratio is reacted.Oil after polymerisation, is separated into through knockout tower Light oil and mink cell focus, store respectively.
Beneficial effects of the present invention are：
The present invention program, due to the H by catalyst reactor2It is high with the purity of CO gases, other gases are not contained, to touching Matchmaker's activity is harmless.
Invention can be most important H in catalyst reaction2Accurate, the stable flow-rate ratio provided with CO.And in the present invention Thermally decompose the CO generated2Air will not be discharged into, recycling huge profit is achieved and uses.Such as, it is contemplated that with Ca (OH)2It is reacted, Generate CaCO3And cement raw material.
Description of the drawings
Fig. 1 is the device structure flow diagram of the present invention.
Reference numeral：
1st, the first compressor 17, proportional controller
2nd, oxygen separator 18, catalyst reactor
3、N2Holding vessel 19, knockout tower
4th, thermal decomposition furnace 20, again/light oil knockout tower
5th, steam superheater 21, the first cooler
6th, gas cooler 22, the second cooler are decomposed
7th, turret 23, gas/light oil knockout tower
8th, washer 24, third cooler
9th, the second compressor 25, oil/water knockout tower
10th, gas separator 26, mink cell focus holding vessel
11、H2Holding vessel 27, light oil holding vessel
12、H2Gas flow regulating valve 28, CO2Separator
13、H2Gas flowmeter 29, CO2Holding vessel
14th, CO holding vessels 30, air heater
15th, CO gas flow regulating valves 31, pump
16th, CO gas flowmeters 32, pressure fan
Specific embodiment
To make the object, technical solutions and advantages of the present invention clearer, below in conjunction with the embodiment of the present invention, to this hair Bright technical solution work further clearly and completely describes.It should be noted that described embodiment is only the present invention one Section Example, instead of all the embodiments.Based on the embodiments of the present invention, those of ordinary skill in the art are not doing Go out all other embodiments obtained under the premise of creative work, shall fall within the protection scope of the present invention.
It is the flow chart of the present embodiment referring to Fig. 1.By the biomass material after grain refined, thermal decomposition furnace 4 is quantitatively put into In, while will be by the isolated O of oxygen separator 22, according to theoretical combustion chemistry amount than 10%~35% and overheat Vapor is blown into thermal decomposition furnace 4, and the in-furnace temperature of thermal decomposition furnace 4 is made to maintain 1000 DEG C~1200 DEG C, so as to biomass It is thermally decomposed, generation thermal decomposition gas.
The gas generated after thermal decomposition first passes through steam superheater 5, and the vapor for blowing into thermal decomposition furnace 4 is made to become 650 DEG C ~800 DEG C of overheated steam, while gas itself is also able to dehumidification.The thermal decomposition gas continues through decomposition gas cooler 6, as the heating source for maintaining the vapor (steam) temperature for being stored in 7 the inside of turret, thermal decomposition gas itself is further cooled down.It is logical Cross the thermal decomposition gas after decomposition gas body cooler 6, by washer 8, by with Cold Water Exposure, thermally decompose the dust in gas Ingredient and asphalt component be able to it is condensing, thermal decomposition gas become the peace and quiet gas without dust and pitch, while also obtain Cooling.
It can also be carried out by the thermal decomposition gas for decomposing gas cooler 6 further through air heater 30 with air Heat exchange further reduces the temperature of thermal decomposition gas and is preheated to entering the air in system.
By the clear purified thermal decomposition gas of washer 8, pass through gas separator 10, H2It is detached herein with CO, In the second compressor 9 with 5kg/cm2G~30kg/cm2The continuous of G is pushed down into respective holding vessel, H2It is stored in H2 Holding vessel 11, CO are stored in CO holding vessels 14.
On the other hand, the H not detached in gas separator 102And the gas other than CO, CO can be sent to2Point From device 28, separator 28 is only to CO2Carry out Selective Separation, obtained CO2It is sent to CO2Holding vessel 29.
It will be stored in H respectively2H in holding vessel 112Catalyst reactor is transmitted to the CO being stored in CO holding vessels 14 18, liquid hydrocarbon, in this synthetic reaction, H are synthesized by polymerisation2Amount and CO amount selects appropriate ratio.In this hair In bright, there is provided measure H2The H of flow2Gas flowmeter 13 and H2Gas flow regulating valve 12 and CO gas flowmeters 16 With CO gas flow regulating valves 15, it is also provided with making the flow-rate ratio of two kinds of gases to ensure proportional controller 17 in certain numerical value, From the H that catalyst reactor 18 is made to provide continual and steady, most appropriate flow-rate ratio2With CO gases.
The present invention is with from the thermal decomposition gas of 4 inner generation of thermal decomposition furnace, only to H2Selective Separation is carried out with CO, by this After a little gases are temporarily stored within respective holding vessel respectively, H is controlled2With quantity relative ratio relationships of the CO in catalyst reactor 18, synthesis Unthickened fuel.
By O2It blows into thermal decomposition furnace 4 as oxygen source, O2To be detached from air, after air separation, residue is isolated The N come2Storage to N2 holding vessels 3 are recycled.
In the present invention, in order to remove the H contained in thermal decomposition2O and asphalt component, using allowing, thermal decomposition gas and water are direct Contact, the processing for being cooled down and being cleaned.
The application is included in the thermal decomposition gas after cleaning, to H2And the gas separator that CO is separately separated.For Make the H being stored in each holding vessel2And CO is supplied to catalyst reactor 18 with optimal flow-rate ratio, sets the stream of each gas Gauge and make H2With the flow of CO ensure the adjusting control device of the ratio of certain numerical value and the flow control valve of each gas into Row controls to adjust.
Due to isolating H from gas separator2With the CO in residual gas after CO2, therefore be further provided with to CO2 Detached and stored the CO2The device of gas.
Embodiment described above only expresses the several embodiments of the present invention, and description is more specific and detailed, but simultaneously Cannot the limitation to the scope of the claims of the present invention therefore be interpreted as.It should be pointed out that for those of ordinary skill in the art For, without departing from the inventive concept of the premise, various modifications and improvements can be made, these belong to the guarantor of the present invention Protect range.Therefore, the protection domain of patent of the present invention should be determined by the appended claims.

Claims (10)

  1. A kind of 1. method that unthickened fuel is prepared using biomass material, which is characterized in that including：
    Using biomass as raw material, from thermal decomposition gas, to H2It is right respectively after gas and the difference progressive selection separation of CO gases H should be stored in2Then the holding vessel of gas and CO gases keeps each gas, by regulating device, to make two gas with certain flow ratio Body mixes in catalyst reactor occurs polymerisation, and then synthesize the unthickened fuel of liquid hydrocarbon.
  2. 2. the method according to claim 1 that unthickened fuel is prepared using biomass material, which is characterized in that further include and pass through Oxygen separator isolates the O that purity is 95%~99%2The step of gas, and use the O2As partially combusted oxidant.
  3. 3. the method according to claim 2 that unthickened fuel is prepared using biomass material, which is characterized in that further include to oxygen The N that gas separating device is separated2Gas carries out the step of storage recycling.
  4. 4. the method according to claim 1 that unthickened fuel is prepared using biomass material, which is characterized in that further include and pass through 800 DEG C~1200 DEG C of the thermal decomposition gas that thermal decomposition furnace generates, 650 DEG C~800 are heated to the vapor blown into same stove DEG C steam heating stepses and heated from steam tower bottom to condensing water while make thermal decomposition gas cooling to connecing Nearly 350 DEG C the step of.
  5. 5. the method according to claim 1 that unthickened fuel is prepared using biomass material, which is characterized in that including using water Clean mode removes the step of asphalt component included in thermal decomposition gas.
  6. 6. the method according to claim 1 that unthickened fuel is prepared using biomass material, which is characterized in that also included pair CO2Carry out Selective Separation, and by CO after separation2The step of being stored.
  7. 7. a kind of system that unthickened fuel is prepared using biomass material, which is characterized in that including thermal decomposition furnace, gas separator, H2 Holding vessel, CO holding vessels and catalyst reactor；
    The thermal decomposition furnace is connect with gas separator pipeline, and gas separator is by the thermal decomposition gas-selectively in thermal decomposition furnace Isolate H2And after CO, obtained H2, CO be respectively stored in H2In holding vessel, CO holding vessels；
    The H2Holding vessel outlet successively with H2Gas flow regulating valve, H2Gas flowmeter, catalyst reactor inlet pipeline connect It connects；The CO holding vessels outlet connects successively with CO gas flow regulating valves, CO gas flowmeters, catalyst reactor inlet pipeline It connects, the H2And CO carries out polymerisation in catalyst reactor.
  8. 8. the system according to claim 7 that unthickened fuel is prepared using biomass material, which is characterized in that further include ratio Controller, the proportional controller respectively with H2Gas flow regulating valve, H2Gas flowmeter, CO gas flow regulating valves, CO gas Flowmeter body connects, so that H2, CO enters with the ratio set in catalyst reactor.
  9. 9. the system according to claim 7 that unthickened fuel is prepared using biomass material, which is characterized in that further include oxygen Separator, the oxygen separator are connect with thermal decomposition furnace, for will be transported to thermal decomposition furnace by the oxygen that air is isolated In.
  10. 10. the system according to claim 7 that unthickened fuel is prepared using biomass material, which is characterized in that further include steaming Vapour superheater and decomposition gas cooler；The steam superheater, decomposition gas cooler are sequentially connected to the thermal decomposition furnace On pipeline between the gas separator, it is respectively used to carry out heat exchange with thermal decomposition gas.
CN201711440359.0A 2017-12-27 2017-12-27 A kind of method and system that unthickened fuel is prepared using biomass material Pending CN108165293A (en)

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Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
CN201711440359.0A CN108165293A (en) 2017-12-27 2017-12-27 A kind of method and system that unthickened fuel is prepared using biomass material

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Citations (5)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
JP2010248459A (en) * 2009-04-16 2010-11-04 Kazuteru Shinohara Method of manufacturing liquid oil making biomass as raw material
CN102660330A (en) * 2012-04-19 2012-09-12 陕西延长石油（集团）有限责任公司 Method for co-producing various chemical products by taking coal, petroleum, natural gas and salt as raw materials
CN103695038A (en) * 2013-12-31 2014-04-02 绵阳通美能源科技有限公司 Method for generating chemical synthesis gas by gasifying biomass and biomass chemical synthesis gas
CN106552559A (en) * 2015-09-28 2017-04-05 神华集团有限责任公司 A kind of method of syrup state bed Fischer Tropsch synthesis
CN107365597A (en) * 2017-07-14 2017-11-21 东北大学 A kind of method for deriving fuel oil using organic matter waste gasification synthetic fluid

Patent Citations (5)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
JP2010248459A (en) * 2009-04-16 2010-11-04 Kazuteru Shinohara Method of manufacturing liquid oil making biomass as raw material
CN102660330A (en) * 2012-04-19 2012-09-12 陕西延长石油（集团）有限责任公司 Method for co-producing various chemical products by taking coal, petroleum, natural gas and salt as raw materials
CN103695038A (en) * 2013-12-31 2014-04-02 绵阳通美能源科技有限公司 Method for generating chemical synthesis gas by gasifying biomass and biomass chemical synthesis gas
CN106552559A (en) * 2015-09-28 2017-04-05 神华集团有限责任公司 A kind of method of syrup state bed Fischer Tropsch synthesis
CN107365597A (en) * 2017-07-14 2017-11-21 东北大学 A kind of method for deriving fuel oil using organic matter waste gasification synthetic fluid

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Application publication date: 20180615