CN108164257A - 一种精密铸造用型芯及其制造方法 - Google Patents
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Abstract
本发明公开了精密铸造技术领域的一种精密铸造用型芯及其制造方法,该型芯由以下重量分的组成组成:硅溶胶35~45份、莫来石粉15~20份、氧化钙粉20~30份、抑制剂4~6份、氧化铝粉10~15份、易溃散剂3~5份,本发明制备方法简单,制造成本低,减少煅烧时间以及煅烧温度,节约了能源,制备的型芯强度高,避免在浇筑过程中型芯的断裂现象,延长了型芯的使用寿命。
Description
技术领域
本发明公开了一种精密铸造用型芯及其制造方法,具体为精密铸造技术领域。
背景技术
作为精密铸造品,例如有用于燃气轮机的动叶,燃气轮机以燃烧器使工作流体燃烧而成为高温高压的工作流体,利用该工作流体使涡流旋转。在此,燃气轮机暴漏在高温下,作为其对策,进行的是在燃气轮机动叶中流通冷却用的冷却介质。因此,在燃气轮机动叶中,设有内部冷却构造。于是为了构成这样的冷却构造,而配置与冷却介质的流通路径为同形状的型芯,在铸造后将该型芯去除。该型芯的除去通过在碱性的溶液中溶解除去型芯,从而形成例如蜗轮动叶片中的冷却构造。作为型芯,历来采用的是陶瓷粒子的陶瓷型芯,通过注塑成型或粉料浇筑等方法将熔融氧化硅等硅质材料成型后,再进行热处理而得。
但是,利用上述的方法注塑成型后,在经过烧结的型芯中,表面有很多的孔,因此型芯的强度低,此外,还存在的问题是,该孔有可能成为起点,在浇筑时导致型芯破裂。为此,我们提出了一种精密铸造用型芯及其制造方法投入使用,以解决上述问题。
发明内容
本发明的目的在于提供一种精密铸造用型芯及其制造方法,以解决上述背景技术中提出的问题。
为实现上述目的,本发明提供如下技术方案:一种精密铸造用型芯,该型芯由以下重量分的组成组成:硅溶胶35~45份、莫来石粉15~20份、氧化钙粉20~30份、抑制剂4~6份、氧化铝粉10~15份、易溃散剂3~5份。
优选的,所述氧化钙粉的颗粒粒度分布为0.5~2.5μm,团聚粒度分布在10~100μm。
优选的,所述抑制剂为聚乙二醇、水性树脂以及硬脂酸铝的混合物,其中聚乙二醇:水性树脂:硬脂酸铝=0.5:1.1:0.3。
优选的,所述水性树脂为聚酯树脂、酚醛树脂、丙烯酸树脂、有机硅树脂以及聚氨酯树脂中的一种。
优选的,所述易溃散剂由不同粒度的刚玉粉、纳米二氧化硅、氧化镁粉以及碳粉按1.8:0.7:0.3:1.1的比例组成。
优选的,一种精密铸造用型芯的制造方法,其特征在于:该方法的具体步骤如下:
S1:将莫来石粉和氧化钙粉放入球磨机中,添加易溃散剂,球磨0.5~1h,充分混配;
S2:然后加入硅溶胶和氧化铝粉,加热搅拌20~30min;
S3:待搅拌均匀后,倒入注塑机中,在模具内注塑成型,制成芯坯;
S4:将芯坯放入焙烧炉中煅烧,并保温2~3h后随炉冷却;
S5:在模具汇总倒入除芯剂,将模具脱除,去掉壳模后得到成品。
优选的,所述步骤S2中,加热的温度为200~300℃,加热速率为5~10℃/min。
优选的,所述步骤S4中,煅烧温度为1300~1500℃,升温速率为5℃/min,煅烧时间15~20h。
优选的,所述除芯剂由硅胶、硅粉以及纯水混合而成,其中硅胶:硅粉:纯水=1.5:0.9:5。
与现有技术相比,本发明的有益效果是:本发明制备方法简单,制造成本低,减少煅烧时间以及煅烧温度,节约了能源,制备的型芯强度高,避免在浇筑过程中型芯的断裂现象,延长了型芯的使用寿命。
附图说明
图1为本发明制造流程图。
具体实施方式
下面将结合本发明实施例中的附图,对本发明实施例中的技术方案进行清楚、完整地描述,显然,所描述的实施例仅仅是本发明一部分实施例,而不是全部的实施例。基于本发明中的实施例,本领域普通技术人员在没有做出创造性劳动前提下所获得的所有其他实施例,都属于本发明保护的范围。
实施例一
本发明提供了一种精密铸造用型芯,该型芯由以下重量分的组成组成:硅溶胶35份、莫来石粉15份、氧化钙粉20份、抑制剂4份、氧化铝粉10份、易溃散剂3份。
本发明还提供了一种精密铸造用型芯的制造方法,该方法的具体步骤如下:
S1:将莫来石粉和氧化钙粉放入球磨机中,添加易溃散剂,球磨0.5h,充分混配;
S2:然后加入硅溶胶和氧化铝粉,加热搅拌20min,加热的温度为200℃,加热速率为5℃/min;
S3:待搅拌均匀后,倒入注塑机中,在模具内注塑成型,制成芯坯;
S4:将芯坯放入焙烧炉中煅烧,并保温2h后随炉冷却,煅烧温度为1500℃,升温速率为5℃/min,煅烧时间20h;
S5:在模具汇总倒入除芯剂,将模具脱除,去掉壳模后得到成品。
实施例二
本发明提供了一种精密铸造用型芯,该型芯由以下重量分的组成组成:硅溶胶45份、莫来石粉20份、氧化钙粉30份、抑制剂6份、氧化铝粉15份、易溃散剂5份。
本发明还提供了一种精密铸造用型芯的制造方法,该方法的具体步骤如下:
S1:将莫来石粉和氧化钙粉放入球磨机中,添加易溃散剂,球磨1h,充分混配;
S2:然后加入硅溶胶和氧化铝粉,加热搅拌30min,加热的温度为300℃,加热速率为10℃/min;
S3:待搅拌均匀后,倒入注塑机中,在模具内注塑成型,制成芯坯;
S4:将芯坯放入焙烧炉中煅烧,并保温2h后随炉冷却,煅烧温度为1400℃,升温速率为5℃/min,煅烧时间18h;
S5:在模具汇总倒入除芯剂,将模具脱除,去掉壳模后得到成品。
实施例三
本发明提供了一种精密铸造用型芯,该型芯由以下重量分的组成组成:硅溶胶40份、莫来石粉17份、氧化钙粉25份、抑制剂5份、氧化铝粉13份、易溃散剂4份。
本发明还提供了一种精密铸造用型芯的制造方法,该方法的具体步骤如下:
S1:将莫来石粉和氧化钙粉放入球磨机中,添加易溃散剂,球磨0.7h,充分混配;
S2:然后加入硅溶胶和氧化铝粉,加热搅拌25min,加热的温度为260℃,加热速率为8℃/min;
S3:待搅拌均匀后,倒入注塑机中,在模具内注塑成型,制成芯坯;
S4:将芯坯放入焙烧炉中煅烧,并保温3h后随炉冷却,煅烧温度为1300℃,升温速率为5℃/min,煅烧时间15h;
S5:在模具汇总倒入除芯剂,将模具脱除,去掉壳模后得到成品。
综合以上实施例所述,本发明的最佳实施例为实施例三,其制备方法简单,制造成本低,减少煅烧时间以及煅烧温度,节约了能源,制备的型芯强度高,避免在浇筑过程中型芯的断裂现象,延长了型芯的使用寿命。
尽管已经示出和描述了本发明的实施例,对于本领域的普通技术人员而言,可以理解在不脱离本发明的原理和精神的情况下可以对这些实施例进行多种变化、修改、替换和变型,本发明的范围由所附权利要求及其等同物限定。
Claims (9)
1.一种精密铸造用型芯,其特征在于:该型芯由以下重量分的组成组成:硅溶胶35~45份、莫来石粉15~20份、氧化钙粉20~30份、抑制剂4~6份、氧化铝粉10~15份、易溃散剂3~5份。
2.根据权利要求1所述的一种精密铸造用型芯,其特征在于:所述氧化钙粉的颗粒粒度分布为0.5~2.5μm,团聚粒度分布在10~100μm。
3.根据权利要求1所述的一种精密铸造用型芯,其特征在于:所述抑制剂为聚乙二醇、水性树脂以及硬脂酸铝的混合物,其中聚乙二醇:水性树脂:硬脂酸铝=0.5:1.1:0.3。
4.根据权利要求3所述的一种精密铸造用型芯,其特征在于:所述水性树脂为聚酯树脂、酚醛树脂、丙烯酸树脂、有机硅树脂以及聚氨酯树脂中的一种。
5.根据权利要求1所述的一种精密铸造用型芯,其特征在于:所述易溃散剂由不同粒度的刚玉粉、纳米二氧化硅、氧化镁粉以及碳粉按1.8:0.7:0.3:1.1的比例组成。
6.一种精密铸造用型芯的制造方法,其特征在于:该方法的具体步骤如下:
S1:将莫来石粉和氧化钙粉放入球磨机中,添加易溃散剂,球磨0.5~1h,充分混配;
S2:然后加入硅溶胶和氧化铝粉,加热搅拌20~30min;
S3:待搅拌均匀后,倒入注塑机中,在模具内注塑成型,制成芯坯;
S4:将芯坯放入焙烧炉中煅烧,并保温2~3h后随炉冷却;
S5:在模具汇中倒入除芯剂,将模具脱除,去掉壳模后得到成品。
7.根据权利要求6所述的一种精密铸造用型芯的制造方法,其特征在于:所述步骤S2中,加热的温度为200~300℃,加热速率为5~10℃/min。
8.根据权利要求6所述的一种精密铸造用型芯的制造方法,其特征在于:所述步骤S4中,煅烧温度为1300~1500℃,升温速率为5℃/min,煅烧时间15~20h。
9.根据权利要求6所述的一种精密铸造用型芯的制造方法,其特征在于:所述除芯剂由硅胶、硅粉以及纯水混合而成,其中硅胶:硅粉:纯水=1.5:0.9:5。
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