CN108161485B - Teaching type five-axis numerical control machine tool - Google Patents
Teaching type five-axis numerical control machine tool Download PDFInfo
- Publication number
- CN108161485B CN108161485B CN201810129094.0A CN201810129094A CN108161485B CN 108161485 B CN108161485 B CN 108161485B CN 201810129094 A CN201810129094 A CN 201810129094A CN 108161485 B CN108161485 B CN 108161485B
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- axis
- guide rails
- base plate
- arc
- ball screw
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- 230000001360 synchronised effect Effects 0.000 claims description 12
- XAGFODPZIPBFFR-UHFFFAOYSA-N aluminium Chemical compound [Al] XAGFODPZIPBFFR-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 5
- 229910052782 aluminium Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 5
- 230000002349 favourable effect Effects 0.000 abstract description 6
- 238000003754 machining Methods 0.000 description 4
- 238000004519 manufacturing process Methods 0.000 description 4
- 230000007547 defect Effects 0.000 description 2
- 230000009286 beneficial effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000005520 cutting process Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000010586 diagram Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000006073 displacement reaction Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000012986 modification Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000004048 modification Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000013341 scale-up Methods 0.000 description 1
Classifications
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B23—MACHINE TOOLS; METAL-WORKING NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
- B23Q—DETAILS, COMPONENTS, OR ACCESSORIES FOR MACHINE TOOLS, e.g. ARRANGEMENTS FOR COPYING OR CONTROLLING; MACHINE TOOLS IN GENERAL CHARACTERISED BY THE CONSTRUCTION OF PARTICULAR DETAILS OR COMPONENTS; COMBINATIONS OR ASSOCIATIONS OF METAL-WORKING MACHINES, NOT DIRECTED TO A PARTICULAR RESULT
- B23Q1/00—Members which are comprised in the general build-up of a form of machine, particularly relatively large fixed members
- B23Q1/25—Movable or adjustable work or tool supports
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B23—MACHINE TOOLS; METAL-WORKING NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
- B23Q—DETAILS, COMPONENTS, OR ACCESSORIES FOR MACHINE TOOLS, e.g. ARRANGEMENTS FOR COPYING OR CONTROLLING; MACHINE TOOLS IN GENERAL CHARACTERISED BY THE CONSTRUCTION OF PARTICULAR DETAILS OR COMPONENTS; COMBINATIONS OR ASSOCIATIONS OF METAL-WORKING MACHINES, NOT DIRECTED TO A PARTICULAR RESULT
- B23Q5/00—Driving or feeding mechanisms; Control arrangements therefor
- B23Q5/22—Feeding members carrying tools or work
- B23Q5/28—Electric drives
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B23—MACHINE TOOLS; METAL-WORKING NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
- B23Q—DETAILS, COMPONENTS, OR ACCESSORIES FOR MACHINE TOOLS, e.g. ARRANGEMENTS FOR COPYING OR CONTROLLING; MACHINE TOOLS IN GENERAL CHARACTERISED BY THE CONSTRUCTION OF PARTICULAR DETAILS OR COMPONENTS; COMBINATIONS OR ASSOCIATIONS OF METAL-WORKING MACHINES, NOT DIRECTED TO A PARTICULAR RESULT
- B23Q5/00—Driving or feeding mechanisms; Control arrangements therefor
- B23Q5/22—Feeding members carrying tools or work
- B23Q5/34—Feeding other members supporting tools or work, e.g. saddles, tool-slides, through mechanical transmission
- B23Q5/38—Feeding other members supporting tools or work, e.g. saddles, tool-slides, through mechanical transmission feeding continuously
- B23Q5/40—Feeding other members supporting tools or work, e.g. saddles, tool-slides, through mechanical transmission feeding continuously by feed shaft, e.g. lead screw
Abstract
The invention discloses a teaching type five-axis numerical control machine tool, which comprises a base plate, wherein two arc-shaped guide rails are arranged on the base plate, sliding blocks are sleeved on the two arc-shaped guide rails, and a Z-axis motor, a Z-axis ball screw, two Z-axis guide rails and a cutter are arranged on one sliding block; the base plate is provided with an X-axis motor, an X-axis ball screw, two X-axis guide rails, a Y-axis motor, a Y-axis ball screw, two Y-axis guide rails and a workpiece chuck. This digit control machine tool is through setting up two arc guide rails that span from top to bottom, and the structure is simpler, light in weight, and the transport of being convenient for is suitable for the demonstration in the teaching, and the student can directly perceived, truly observe structure and the running condition of equipment, not only makes things convenient for the teacher to impart knowledge to students, also increases the enthusiasm that the student learned, is favorable to improving student's practical ability. In addition, by adopting the two arc-shaped guide rails which are staggered up and down, the volume ratio of the workbench to the mechanism is increased, and under the same mechanism volume, the volume of a workpiece which can be processed is larger, the precision is higher, and the flexibility is better.
Description
Technical Field
The invention relates to teaching equipment, in particular to a teaching five-axis numerical control machine tool.
Background
The five-axis linkage numerical control machine tool is a machine tool which has high technological content and high precision and is specially used for processing complex curved surfaces, and the machine tool system has important influence on the industries of aviation, aerospace, military, scientific research, precise instruments, high-precision medical equipment and the like in one country. The traditional five-axis linkage numerical control machine tool is generally arranged in a serial connection mode, so that the movement inertia is larger, the rigidity is weaker, the dynamic performance is poorer, and the cutting precision of one end is lower during five-axis linkage. The parallel machine tool consists of a plurality of simple serial branched chains, the parallel machine tool consists of a parallel mechanism and a serial positioning head, and the parallel machine tool has the advantages of simple structure, large ratio of working space to mechanism volume, high rigidity, high precision and good flexibility, and is suitable for numerical control machining of complex space curved surfaces.
However, the existing five-axis linkage numerical control machine tool mostly adopts three branched chains and a cradle type workbench to realize five-axis linkage processing, so that the numerical control machine tool has the defects of multiple brackets, heavy weight and high price, and is generally not available in schools. Therefore, the teaching tool cannot show the real objects in teaching, students cannot intuitively and truly watch the structure and operation of the five-axis linkage numerical control machine tool, teaching of teachers is affected, and enthusiasm of students to learn is reduced.
Disclosure of Invention
Aiming at the defects of the prior art, the invention provides a teaching type five-axis numerical control machine tool, which realizes three-dimensional space positioning of a cutter by arranging two arc-shaped guide rails which transversely extend up and down, changes the structure of the existing three branched chain frames, has simpler structure, light weight and convenient carrying, is suitable for demonstration in teaching, can intuitively and truly observe the structure and the operation condition of equipment by students, is convenient for teachers to teach, increases the enthusiasm of students to learn, and is favorable for improving the practical capability of the students by deeply understanding the operation principle of the numerical control machine tool. In addition, by adopting the two arc-shaped guide rails which transversely extend up and down, the volume ratio of the workbench to the mechanism is increased, and under the same mechanism volume, the volume of a workpiece which can be processed is larger, the precision is higher, and the flexibility is better.
In order to achieve the above purpose, the invention adopts the following technical scheme:
the teaching type five-axis numerical control machine tool comprises a square base plate, four upright plates are arranged on four sides of the base plate in a pairwise symmetrical mode, an arc-shaped guide rail is arranged between the two upright plates which are symmetrically arranged, the two arc-shaped guide rails are semicircular, the arc-shaped guide rail stretches across the other arc-shaped guide rail, one end of each arc-shaped guide rail is hinged to one upright plate, and the other end of each arc-shaped guide rail is connected with a guide rail motor fixed on the other upright plate through a coupler; the two arc-shaped guide rails are respectively sleeved with a sliding block capable of moving along the two arc-shaped guide rails, the two sliding blocks are connected through a movable shaft, the bottom end of the sliding block positioned at the lower position is provided with a main shaft bottom plate, the main shaft bottom plate is provided with a Z-axis motor, the Z-axis motor is connected with a Z-axis ball screw fixed on the main shaft bottom plate, the main shaft bottom plate is also provided with two Z-axis guide rails positioned at two sides of the Z-axis ball screw, the Z-axis ball screw is connected with a cutter movable plate capable of moving on the two Z-axis guide rails in a matched manner, the cutter movable plate is provided with a cutter drive, and the cutter drive is connected with a cutter; the X-axis motor is provided with an X-axis ball screw fixed on the base plate, two X-axis guide rails positioned at two sides of the X-axis ball screw are also arranged on the base plate, and the X-axis ball screw is connected with a lower bottom plate capable of moving on the two X-axis guide rails in a matching way; the lower bottom plate is provided with a Y-axis motor, the Y-axis motor is provided with a Y-axis ball screw fixed on the lower bottom plate, the lower bottom plate is also provided with two Y-axis guide rails positioned at two sides of the Y-axis ball screw, and the Y-axis ball screw is connected with an upper bottom plate capable of moving on the two Y-axis guide rails in a matching way; a working plate is arranged above the upper bottom plate, a chuck drive is also arranged on the upper bottom plate, and the chuck drive is connected with a workpiece chuck above the working plate through a connecting piece; the guide rail motor, the Z-axis motor, the X-axis motor, the Y-axis motor and the chuck drive are all arranged as stepping motors or servo motors.
As the preferable technical scheme, in order to effectively control the weight of the machine tool, the machine tool has lighter weight as far as possible, is convenient for teachers to carry, is favorable for displaying in teaching, and is suitable for being used as teaching equipment, and the base plate, the vertical plate, the lower bottom plate, the upper bottom plate, the working plate and all guide rails are made of aluminum materials.
As the preferable technical scheme, in order to ensure accurate displacement of the cutter and the workpiece chuck, the five-axis positioning accuracy is ensured, the machining accuracy of the numerical control machine tool is improved, the manufacturing cost of the whole numerical control machine tool is effectively controlled, and the guide rail motor, the Z-axis motor, the X-axis motor and the Y-axis motor are all arranged as stepping motors.
Compared with the prior art, the invention has the beneficial effects that:
1. this digit control machine tool is through setting up two arc guide rails that span from top to bottom, realizes the three-dimensional space location of cutter, changes the structure that current through three branched chain frame, and the structure is simpler, and light in weight is convenient for carry, and the demonstration in the teaching is suitable for, and the student can directly perceived, truly observe structure and the running condition of equipment, not only makes things convenient for teacher's teaching, also increases the enthusiasm that the student learned, understands digit control machine tool operation principle more deeply, is favorable to improving student's practical ability. In addition, by adopting the two arc-shaped guide rails which transversely extend up and down, the volume ratio of the workbench to the mechanism is increased, and under the same mechanism volume, the volume of a workpiece which can be processed is larger, the precision is higher, and the flexibility is better.
2. The section bar selects the aluminum product, effectively controls the weight of the machine tool, makes the weight of the machine tool lighter as much as possible, is convenient for teachers to carry, is favorable for showing in teaching, and is suitable for serving as teaching equipment.
3. All motors are arranged as stepping motors, so that the cutter and the chuck are ensured to be shifted accurately, the five-axis positioning is ensured to be accurate, the machining precision of the numerical control machine tool is improved, and the manufacturing cost of the whole numerical control machine tool is effectively controlled.
Drawings
The invention is described in further detail below with reference to the drawings and the specific examples.
FIG. 1 is a schematic diagram of the structure of the present invention;
FIG. 2 is an isometric view of the present invention;
reference numerals: 1. the base plate, 2, the vertical plate, 3, the arc guide rail, 4, the guide rail motor, 5, the sliding block, 6, the main shaft bottom plate, 7, the Z-axis motor, 8, the Z-axis ball screw, 9, the Z-axis guide rail, 10, the tool movable plate, 11, the tool, 12, the X-axis motor, 13, the X-axis ball screw, 14, the X-axis guide rail, 15, the lower plate, 16, the Y-axis motor, 17, the Y-axis ball screw, 18, the Y-axis guide rail, 19, the upper plate, 20, the working plate, 21, the chuck drive, 22, the synchronous belt, 23, the synchronous wheel, 24, the workpiece chuck, 25 and the tool drive.
Detailed Description
As shown in fig. 1, a teaching type five-axis numerical control machine tool provided by the invention comprises a square base plate 1, four upright plates 2 are symmetrically arranged on four sides of the base plate 1 in pairs, the four upright plates 2 are all arranged at the middle points of the base plate 1, the four upright plates 2 are square and are vertically arranged on four sides of the base plate 1, an arc-shaped guide rail 3 is arranged between the two upright plates 2 which are symmetrically arranged, an arc-shaped guide rail 3 is arranged between the two upright plates 2 which are positioned on the same straight line, the two arc-shaped guide rails 3 are semicircular, one arc-shaped guide rail 3 spans the other arc-shaped guide rail 3, one end of each arc-shaped guide rail 3 is hinged on one upright plate 2, and the other end of each arc-shaped guide rail 3 is connected with a guide rail motor 4 which is fixed on the other upright plate 2 through a coupler; the two arc-shaped guide rails 3 are respectively sleeved with a square sliding block 5 which can move along the two arc-shaped guide rails 3, the two sliding blocks 5 are connected through a movable shaft, the two sliding blocks 5 simultaneously move on the two arc-shaped guide rails 3 together, a main shaft bottom plate 6 is arranged at the bottom end of the lower sliding block 5, the main shaft bottom plate 6 is square and is downwards arranged, a Z-axis motor 7 is arranged on the main shaft bottom plate 6, the Z-axis motor 7 is connected with a Z-axis ball screw 8 fixed on the main shaft bottom plate 6, the main shaft bottom plate 6 is also provided with two Z-axis guide rails 9 positioned at two sides of the Z-axis ball screw 8, the Z-axis ball screw 8 is matched and connected with a cutter movable plate 10 which can move on the two Z-axis guide rails 9, the cutter movable plate 10 is square, a cutter driving 25 is arranged on the cutter movable plate 10, the cutter driving 25 is arranged as a motor, the cutter driving 25 is connected with a cutter 11, and the cutter 11 is connected with the output shaft of the motor; an X-axis motor 12 is arranged on the base plate 1, the X-axis motor 12 is provided with an X-axis ball screw 13 fixed on the base plate 1, the base plate 1 is also provided with two X-axis guide rails 14 positioned at two sides of the X-axis ball screw 13, the X-axis ball screw 13 is connected with a lower bottom plate 15 capable of moving on the two X-axis guide rails 14 in a matching way, and the lower bottom plate 15 is square in the embodiment; the lower base plate 15 is provided with a Y-axis motor 16, the Y-axis motor 16 is provided with a Y-axis ball screw 17 fixed on the lower base plate 15, the Y-axis ball screw 17 is arranged perpendicular to the X-axis ball screw 13, the lower base plate 15 is also provided with two Y-axis guide rails 18 positioned at two sides of the Y-axis ball screw 17, the Y-axis ball screw 17 is connected with an upper base plate 19 which can move on the two Y-axis guide rails 18 in a matching way, and the upper base plate 19 is square and has smaller area than the lower base plate 15; a working plate 20 is arranged above the upper bottom plate 19, a chuck driving 21 is further arranged on the upper bottom plate 19, the chuck driving 21 is connected with a workpiece chuck 24 positioned above the working plate 20 through a connecting piece, the chuck driving 21 is connected with a synchronous belt 22 positioned at the bottom end of the working plate 20, the synchronous belt 22 is connected with a synchronous wheel 23, the synchronous wheel 23 is connected with the workpiece chuck 24 through a connecting shaft, as shown in fig. 2, the workpiece chuck 24 is used for fastening a workpiece, and the chuck driving 21 drives the workpiece chuck 24 to rotate through the synchronous belt 22; the guide rail motor 4, the Z-axis motor 7, the X-axis motor 12, the Y-axis motor 16 and the chuck drive 21 are all arranged as stepping motors or servo motors.
The base plate 1, the vertical plate 2, the lower bottom plate 15, the upper bottom plate 19, the working plate 20 and all the guide rails are made of aluminum materials, the weight of the aluminum materials is light, the weight of a machine tool is effectively controlled, the weight of the machine tool is light as much as possible, the machine tool is convenient for teachers to carry, the machine tool is favorable for being displayed in teaching, and the machine tool is suitable for being used as teaching equipment.
The guide rail motor 4, the Z-axis motor 7, the X-axis motor 12, the Y-axis motor 16 and the chuck drive 21 are all arranged as stepping motors, so that on one hand, the cutter 11 and the workpiece chuck 24 are accurately shifted, the five-axis positioning accuracy is ensured, the machining precision of the numerical control machine tool is improved, and on the other hand, the manufacturing cost of the whole numerical control machine tool is effectively controlled.
The invention is used when: the workpiece is placed on a workpiece chuck 24, a numerical control machine is started, an X-axis motor 12 drives a lower bottom plate 15 to move in the X-axis direction through an X-axis ball screw 13, a Y-axis motor 16 drives an upper bottom plate 19 to move in the Y-axis direction through a Y-axis ball screw 17, a chuck drive 21 drives the workpiece chuck 24 to rotate on a C axis through a synchronous belt 22, movement of the workpiece chuck 24 on a X, Y, C axis is achieved, a Z-axis motor 7 drives a cutter movable plate 10 to move on a Z axis through a Z-axis ball screw 8, movement of a cutter 11 on the Z axis is achieved, and a guide rail motor 4 drives two arc-shaped guide rails 3 to rotate around the X axis or the Y axis to rotate on an A axis or a B axis, namely movement of a ball surface track, so that five-axis movement of the numerical control machine is achieved. The invention is provided with the two arc-shaped guide rails 3 to realize the track positioning of the ball surface, so that the ratio of the workbench to the mechanism is large, and the curved surface of a large-volume workpiece can be processed. The invention is suitable for teaching equipment, can be manufactured in a scale-up way, and can also be used as production equipment.
Of course, the above description of the preferred embodiments of the present invention is provided only with reference to the accompanying drawings, and is not intended to limit the scope of the invention, but rather to cover all equivalent modifications in terms of the principle, structure and structure of the invention.
Claims (3)
1. Five numerical control lathe of teaching, its characterized in that: the device comprises a square base plate (1), four upright plates (2) are symmetrically arranged on four sides of the base plate (1), an arc-shaped guide rail (3) is arranged between the two upright plates (2) which are symmetrically arranged, the two arc-shaped guide rails (3) are semicircular, the arc-shaped guide rail (3) stretches across the other arc-shaped guide rail (3), one ends of the two arc-shaped guide rails (3) are hinged to the upright plates (2), and the other ends of the two arc-shaped guide rails are connected with a guide rail motor (4) fixed on the other upright plates (2) through a coupler; the two arc-shaped guide rails (3) are respectively sleeved with a sliding block (5) capable of moving along the two arc-shaped guide rails, the two sliding blocks (5) are connected through a movable shaft, a main shaft bottom plate (6) is arranged at the bottom end of the sliding block (5) at the lower position, a Z-axis motor (7) is arranged on the main shaft bottom plate (6), the Z-axis motor (7) is connected with a Z-axis ball screw (8) fixed on the main shaft bottom plate (6), two Z-axis guide rails (9) positioned at two sides of the Z-axis ball screw (8) are also arranged on the main shaft bottom plate (6), a cutter movable plate (10) capable of moving on the two Z-axis guide rails (9) is connected on the Z-axis ball screw (8) in a matched mode, a cutter driving (25) is arranged on the cutter movable plate (10), and the cutter driving (25) is connected with a cutter (11); an X-axis motor (12) is arranged on the base plate (1), the X-axis motor (12) is provided with an X-axis ball screw (13) fixed on the base plate (1), two X-axis guide rails (14) positioned on two sides of the X-axis ball screw (13) are also arranged on the base plate (1), and a lower bottom plate (15) capable of moving on the two X-axis guide rails (14) is connected on the X-axis ball screw (13) in a matching way; the lower base plate (15) is provided with a Y-axis motor (16), the Y-axis motor (16) is provided with a Y-axis ball screw (17) fixed on the lower base plate (15), the lower base plate (15) is also provided with two Y-axis guide rails (18) positioned at two sides of the Y-axis ball screw (17), and the Y-axis ball screw (18) is connected with an upper base plate (19) capable of moving on the two Y-axis guide rails (18) in a matching way; a working plate (20) is arranged above the upper bottom plate (19), a chuck drive (21) is further arranged on the upper bottom plate (19), the chuck drive is connected with a workpiece chuck (24) arranged above the working plate (20) through a connecting piece, the chuck drive (21) is connected with a synchronous belt (22) arranged at the bottom end of the working plate (20), the synchronous belt (22) is connected with a synchronous wheel (23), and the synchronous wheel (23) is connected with the workpiece chuck (24) through a connecting shaft; the guide rail motor (4), the Z-axis motor (7), the X-axis motor (12), the Y-axis motor (16) and the chuck drive (21) are all arranged as stepping motors or servo motors.
2. The teaching type five-axis numerical control machine tool according to claim 1, wherein: the base plate (1), the vertical plate (2), the lower base plate (15), the upper base plate (19), the working plate (20) and all the guide rails are made of aluminum materials.
3. The teaching type five-axis numerical control machine tool according to claim 1 or 2, characterized in that: the guide rail motor (4), the Z-axis motor (7), the X-axis motor (12), the Y-axis motor (16) and the chuck drive (21) are all arranged as stepping motors.
Priority Applications (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN201810129094.0A CN108161485B (en) | 2018-02-08 | 2018-02-08 | Teaching type five-axis numerical control machine tool |
Applications Claiming Priority (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN201810129094.0A CN108161485B (en) | 2018-02-08 | 2018-02-08 | Teaching type five-axis numerical control machine tool |
Publications (2)
| Publication Number | Publication Date |
|---|---|
| CN108161485A CN108161485A (en) | 2018-06-15 |
| CN108161485B true CN108161485B (en) | 2024-01-23 |
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| Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN201810129094.0A Active CN108161485B (en) | 2018-02-08 | 2018-02-08 | Teaching type five-axis numerical control machine tool |
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| CN (1) | CN108161485B (en) |
Families Citing this family (1)
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| CN114473813A (en) * | 2022-01-27 | 2022-05-13 | 大连理工大学 | Intelligent polishing device and method for sapphire with special-shaped structure |
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|---|---|
| CN108161485A (en) | 2018-06-15 |
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