CN108161017A - It is a kind of for metal powder of 3D printing and preparation method thereof - Google Patents
It is a kind of for metal powder of 3D printing and preparation method thereof Download PDFInfo
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- CN108161017A CN108161017A CN201810007084.XA CN201810007084A CN108161017A CN 108161017 A CN108161017 A CN 108161017A CN 201810007084 A CN201810007084 A CN 201810007084A CN 108161017 A CN108161017 A CN 108161017A
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- 239000000843 powder Substances 0.000 title claims abstract description 146
- 239000002184 metal Substances 0.000 title claims abstract description 122
- 229910052751 metal Inorganic materials 0.000 title claims abstract description 122
- 238000010146 3D printing Methods 0.000 title claims abstract description 52
- 238000002360 preparation method Methods 0.000 title claims abstract description 25
- 239000011261 inert gas Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 38
- 238000012387 aerosolization Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 34
- QVGXLLKOCUKJST-UHFFFAOYSA-N atomic oxygen Chemical compound [O] QVGXLLKOCUKJST-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims abstract description 33
- 239000001301 oxygen Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 33
- 229910052760 oxygen Inorganic materials 0.000 claims abstract description 33
- 239000002245 particle Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 18
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 17
- 238000012216 screening Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 12
- 230000000694 effects Effects 0.000 claims abstract description 7
- IJGRMHOSHXDMSA-UHFFFAOYSA-N Atomic nitrogen Chemical compound N#N IJGRMHOSHXDMSA-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 22
- 239000007789 gas Substances 0.000 claims description 18
- OKTJSMMVPCPJKN-UHFFFAOYSA-N Carbon Chemical compound [C] OKTJSMMVPCPJKN-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 17
- XKRFYHLGVUSROY-UHFFFAOYSA-N Argon Chemical compound [Ar] XKRFYHLGVUSROY-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 14
- LFQSCWFLJHTTHZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N Ethanol Chemical compound CCO LFQSCWFLJHTTHZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 12
- 229910001220 stainless steel Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 12
- 239000000203 mixture Substances 0.000 claims description 11
- 229910052757 nitrogen Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 11
- 239000010935 stainless steel Substances 0.000 claims description 10
- 229910002804 graphite Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 9
- 239000010439 graphite Substances 0.000 claims description 9
- 239000001307 helium Substances 0.000 claims description 9
- 229910052734 helium Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 9
- SWQJXJOGLNCZEY-UHFFFAOYSA-N helium atom Chemical compound [He] SWQJXJOGLNCZEY-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 9
- 239000003575 carbonaceous material Substances 0.000 claims description 8
- 239000006185 dispersion Substances 0.000 claims description 8
- 239000007788 liquid Substances 0.000 claims description 8
- 229910052786 argon Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 7
- 238000002156 mixing Methods 0.000 claims description 6
- 230000008569 process Effects 0.000 claims description 6
- RYGMFSIKBFXOCR-UHFFFAOYSA-N Copper Chemical group [Cu] RYGMFSIKBFXOCR-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 5
- 239000000112 cooling gas Substances 0.000 claims description 5
- 229910021389 graphene Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 5
- 229910052743 krypton Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 5
- DNNSSWSSYDEUBZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N krypton atom Chemical compound [Kr] DNNSSWSSYDEUBZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 5
- 229910052754 neon Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 5
- GKAOGPIIYCISHV-UHFFFAOYSA-N neon atom Chemical compound [Ne] GKAOGPIIYCISHV-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 5
- 229910052704 radon Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 5
- SYUHGPGVQRZVTB-UHFFFAOYSA-N radon atom Chemical compound [Rn] SYUHGPGVQRZVTB-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 5
- 229910052724 xenon Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 5
- FHNFHKCVQCLJFQ-UHFFFAOYSA-N xenon atom Chemical compound [Xe] FHNFHKCVQCLJFQ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 5
- BQCADISMDOOEFD-UHFFFAOYSA-N Silver Chemical compound [Ag] BQCADISMDOOEFD-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 3
- 229910021393 carbon nanotube Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 3
- 239000002041 carbon nanotube Substances 0.000 claims description 3
- 229910052770 Uranium Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 2
- 238000001035 drying Methods 0.000 claims description 2
- JFALSRSLKYAFGM-UHFFFAOYSA-N uranium(0) Chemical compound [U] JFALSRSLKYAFGM-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 2
- IDGUHHHQCWSQLU-UHFFFAOYSA-N ethanol;hydrate Chemical compound O.CCO IDGUHHHQCWSQLU-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims 1
- 238000009826 distribution Methods 0.000 abstract description 3
- 239000000047 product Substances 0.000 description 9
- 238000004519 manufacturing process Methods 0.000 description 4
- 239000000463 material Substances 0.000 description 4
- 238000011049 filling Methods 0.000 description 3
- PCHJSUWPFVWCPO-UHFFFAOYSA-N gold Chemical compound [Au] PCHJSUWPFVWCPO-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 3
- 229910052737 gold Inorganic materials 0.000 description 3
- 239000010931 gold Substances 0.000 description 3
- 230000008676 import Effects 0.000 description 3
- 239000002105 nanoparticle Substances 0.000 description 3
- XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N water Substances O XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 3
- 238000005352 clarification Methods 0.000 description 2
- 238000004140 cleaning Methods 0.000 description 2
- 229910052802 copper Inorganic materials 0.000 description 2
- 239000010949 copper Substances 0.000 description 2
- 238000005516 engineering process Methods 0.000 description 2
- 238000009730 filament winding Methods 0.000 description 2
- 239000010946 fine silver Substances 0.000 description 2
- 238000002310 reflectometry Methods 0.000 description 2
- 230000009471 action Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000004458 analytical method Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000007547 defect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000002474 experimental method Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000012467 final product Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000009689 gas atomisation Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000003760 hair shine Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000010438 heat treatment Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000012535 impurity Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000006210 lotion Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000012986 modification Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000004048 modification Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000011858 nanopowder Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229910052756 noble gas Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 230000003287 optical effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000005457 optimization Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000007639 printing Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000035945 sensitivity Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000006467 substitution reaction Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000002604 ultrasonography Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000005406 washing Methods 0.000 description 1
Classifications
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B22—CASTING; POWDER METALLURGY
- B22F—WORKING METALLIC POWDER; MANUFACTURE OF ARTICLES FROM METALLIC POWDER; MAKING METALLIC POWDER; APPARATUS OR DEVICES SPECIALLY ADAPTED FOR METALLIC POWDER
- B22F9/00—Making metallic powder or suspensions thereof
- B22F9/02—Making metallic powder or suspensions thereof using physical processes
- B22F9/06—Making metallic powder or suspensions thereof using physical processes starting from liquid material
- B22F9/08—Making metallic powder or suspensions thereof using physical processes starting from liquid material by casting, e.g. through sieves or in water, by atomising or spraying
- B22F9/082—Making metallic powder or suspensions thereof using physical processes starting from liquid material by casting, e.g. through sieves or in water, by atomising or spraying atomising using a fluid
-
- B22F1/0003—
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B33—ADDITIVE MANUFACTURING TECHNOLOGY
- B33Y—ADDITIVE MANUFACTURING, i.e. MANUFACTURING OF THREE-DIMENSIONAL [3-D] OBJECTS BY ADDITIVE DEPOSITION, ADDITIVE AGGLOMERATION OR ADDITIVE LAYERING, e.g. BY 3-D PRINTING, STEREOLITHOGRAPHY OR SELECTIVE LASER SINTERING
- B33Y70/00—Materials specially adapted for additive manufacturing
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B22—CASTING; POWDER METALLURGY
- B22F—WORKING METALLIC POWDER; MANUFACTURE OF ARTICLES FROM METALLIC POWDER; MAKING METALLIC POWDER; APPARATUS OR DEVICES SPECIALLY ADAPTED FOR METALLIC POWDER
- B22F9/00—Making metallic powder or suspensions thereof
- B22F9/02—Making metallic powder or suspensions thereof using physical processes
- B22F9/06—Making metallic powder or suspensions thereof using physical processes starting from liquid material
- B22F9/08—Making metallic powder or suspensions thereof using physical processes starting from liquid material by casting, e.g. through sieves or in water, by atomising or spraying
- B22F9/082—Making metallic powder or suspensions thereof using physical processes starting from liquid material by casting, e.g. through sieves or in water, by atomising or spraying atomising using a fluid
- B22F2009/0844—Making metallic powder or suspensions thereof using physical processes starting from liquid material by casting, e.g. through sieves or in water, by atomising or spraying atomising using a fluid in controlled atmosphere
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B22—CASTING; POWDER METALLURGY
- B22F—WORKING METALLIC POWDER; MANUFACTURE OF ARTICLES FROM METALLIC POWDER; MAKING METALLIC POWDER; APPARATUS OR DEVICES SPECIALLY ADAPTED FOR METALLIC POWDER
- B22F9/00—Making metallic powder or suspensions thereof
- B22F9/02—Making metallic powder or suspensions thereof using physical processes
- B22F9/06—Making metallic powder or suspensions thereof using physical processes starting from liquid material
- B22F9/08—Making metallic powder or suspensions thereof using physical processes starting from liquid material by casting, e.g. through sieves or in water, by atomising or spraying
- B22F9/082—Making metallic powder or suspensions thereof using physical processes starting from liquid material by casting, e.g. through sieves or in water, by atomising or spraying atomising using a fluid
- B22F2009/0848—Melting process before atomisation
Landscapes
- Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
- Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Manufacturing & Machinery (AREA)
- Materials Engineering (AREA)
- Powder Metallurgy (AREA)
Abstract
The present invention relates to a kind of preparation methods of the metal powder for 3D printing, include the following steps：S1：Simple metal silk is imported into the chamber full of the first inert gas；S2：Simple metal silk aerosolization is obtained metal powder, and be collected by the effect in the cavity through aerosolization operating voltage；S3：The metal powder being collected into is sieved, obtains screening metal powder；S4：Screening metal powder is washed and dried, obtains the metal powder for 3D printing, wherein：First purity inert gas is 99.99%, a diameter of 0.1 1.0mm of the simple metal silk.The present invention prepares metal powder by aerosolization method, and preparation process is simple, and capacity usage ratio is high；The features such as metal powder for 3D printing that this preparation method obtains can reach high sphericity, low reflecting rate, low oxygen content, particle diameter distribution is narrow, it is very suitable for 3D printing equipment.
Description
Technical field
The invention belongs to the technical field of 3D printing material, more particularly to a kind of metal powders and its preparation for 3D printing
Method.
Background technology
3D printing dusty material is the key that restrict 3D printing technique to promote and apply, and the country is limited by powder-making technique, particulate
Diameter powder prepares difficult, and powder yield is low, oxygen and other impurity content height etc., easily occurs powder fusing during 3D printing
State is uneven, leads in product that oxide inclusion content is high, compactness is poor, intensity is low, structure is uneven.
At present, as 3D printing with metal powder technology of preparing mainly prepares metal powder, but prepared by this method with gas atomization
Metal powder there is the defects of sphericity is low, reflecting rate is high, oxygen content is high and particle diameter distribution is wide.
Invention content
(1) technical problems to be solved
To solve the above-mentioned problems, the purpose of the present invention is to provide a kind of metal powder for 3D printing and its preparation sides
Method, the metal powder for 3D printing that this preparation method obtains can reach high sphericity, low reflecting rate, low oxygen content, grain size
The features such as narrowly distributing, is very suitable for 3D printing equipment.
(2) technical solution
In order to achieve the above object, the main technical schemes that the present invention uses include：
A kind of preparation method of metal powder for 3D printing, includes the following steps：
S1：Simple metal silk is imported into the chamber full of the first inert gas：
S11：Chamber is evacuated to setting vacuum degree, is filled with the first inert gas to normal pressure, then is evacuated to described set
Determine vacuum degree,
S12：The first inert gas is filled with to setting pressure, and after setting aerosolization operating voltage, simple metal silk is imported
Chamber；
S2：Simple metal silk aerosolization is obtained metal powder, gone forward side by side by the effect in the cavity through aerosolization operating voltage
Row is collected；
S3：The metal powder being collected into is sieved, obtains screening metal powder；
S4：Screening metal powder is washed and is dried, obtains the metal powder for 3D printing,
Wherein：
Step S11 is at least recycled 3 times, and the vacuum degree that sets in step S11 is 1Pa, by the setting of the vacuum degree,
The oxygen content of whole system can be efficiently reduced, conducive to the preparation of follow-up 3D printing metal powder,
The pressure that sets in step S12 as 0-1.5MPa, the aerosolization operating voltage that sets as 20-45kv,
Under the pressure and operating voltage of setting, the mixture of generation micro droplets and nanometer powder after aerosolization can be made,
First purity inert gas be 99.99%, first inert gas for helium, neon, argon gas, Krypton,
It is one or more in xenon, radon gas and nitrogen,
A diameter of 0.1-1.0mm of the simple metal silk.
Preferably, the metal powder is copper powder, silver powder or stainless steel powder.
Preferably, it in step S2, prepares metal powder and includes the following steps：
S21：Wire, by setpoint frequency aerosolization, forms micron order drop and nanoscale powder under aerosolization operating voltage
The mixture at end；
S22：The drop condenses to form micron-size spherical metal powder through cooling gas, and is collected；
Wherein：Aerosolization setpoint frequency is 2Hz in step S21.
Preferably, it in step S3, is sieved using stainless steel, the aperture of the stainless steel sieve is 325 mesh.
Preferably, step S4 includes the following steps：
S41：It is 5-8 hours in 0.5% the second inert gas environment that metal powder, which will be sieved, and be placed on oxygen concentration, then
Powder by weight：Absolute ethyl alcohol=1:5 mixing, disperse 10 minutes in 120W ultrasonic disperse equipment, stand 3 minutes and outwell
Upper strata dispersion liquid leaves bottom micron particles, repeats the above process 3 times；
S42：Bottom micron particles are dried or dried, obtain the metal powder for 3D printing,
Wherein：Mixture of the metal powder for 3D printing for micron metal powder and Nano metal powder, the nanometer
Metal powder is coated on a micron uranium powder surface,
Second inert gas be helium, neon, argon gas, Krypton, xenon, radon gas and nitrogen in it is one or more,
It is described dry or drying temperature be less than 80 DEG C.
Preferably, it is dispersed with carbon material in absolute ethyl alcohol.
Preferably, the carbon material is one or more in graphite, carbon nanotube, graphene.
Preferably, by weight, the dosage of the carbon material is the 0.01% of absolute ethyl alcohol dosage.
According to another aspect of the present invention, a kind of metal powder for 3D printing, the metal powder are according to above-mentioned system
Preparation Method prepares gained, and the purity of the metal powder is more than 99.90%, and the grain size of the metal powder is 7.9-63.3 μm.
Further, the oxygen content of the metal powder is less than 0.076%.
(3) advantageous effect
The invention has the advantages that：
The present invention prepares metal powder by aerosolization method, and preparation process is simple, and capacity usage ratio is high；This preparation method obtains
To the metal powder for 3D printing can reach high sphericity, it is non-the features such as low reflecting rate, low oxygen content, particle diameter distribution is narrow
Often suitable 3D printing equipment.
Description of the drawings
Fig. 1 is scanning electron microscope (SEM) photo of 3D printing metal powder of the present invention
Specific embodiment
With reference to specific embodiment, the present invention is further explained.It should be understood that these embodiments are merely to illustrate this hair
It is bright rather than limit the scope of the invention.
Embodiment 1
In the present embodiment, a diameter of 1mm of pure stainless steel wire, an aerosolization filament length is set as 20cm, the first indifferent gas
Body purity is 99.99%.
A kind of preparation method of metal powder for 3D printing of the invention is as follows：
S1：Pure stainless steel wire is full of to the chamber of the first inert gas around importing,
S11：Equipment is evacuated to 1Pa, is filled with the first inert gas (nitrogen) to normal pressure, then be evacuated to 1Pa, is recycled
3 times, oxygen content is made finally to be less than 300ppm；
- filling with inert gas-is vacuumized repeatedly to vacuumize, and is in order to reduce the oxygen content in equipment, to avoid oxygen to gold
Belong to the influence of powder；When oxygen content is higher than 300ppm, prepared oxygen content in power is high, can make the parts mechanics of final 3D printing
Performance is not up to standard；
S12：The first inert gas is then charged with to 1.5MPa, after setting aerosolization operating voltage 45KV, by simple metal silk
Import chamber；
The production of metal powder is protected using the first atmosphere of inert gases；
S2：Simple metal silk aerosolization is obtained metal powder, gone forward side by side by the effect in the cavity through aerosolization operating voltage
Row is collected,
S21：Wire presses the frequency aerosolization of 2Hz under 45KV voltages, forms micron order drop and nanometer grade powder
Mixture；
S22：Drop condenses to form micron-size spherical metal powder through cooling gas, and is collected；
S3：The metal powder being collected into using the stainless steel of 325 mesh is sieved, obtains screening metal powder；
S4：Screening metal powder is washed and is dried, obtains the metal powder for 3D printing,
S41：Metal powder will be sieved to be placed in the second inert gas (nitrogen) environment that oxygen concentration is 0.5% 5 hours,
Then powder by weight：Absolute ethyl alcohol (dispersion liquid may be water)=1:5 mixing, divide in 120W ultrasonic disperse equipment
It dissipates 10 minutes, stands 3 minutes and outwell upper strata dispersion liquid, leave bottom micron particles, repeat the above process 3 times, until upper strata is clear
Washing lotion becomes clarification；
Wherein, by weight, 0.01% graphite is dispersed in absolute ethyl alcohol, helps to increase final products powder
Mobility promotes print procedure；Meanwhile graphite addition can cause pulvurent carbonaceous amount too high too much, and finished product is made to become fragile；
S42：Bottom micron particles are dried or dried at 80 DEG C, obtain the metal powder for 3D printing.
The purity of obtained metal powder is more than 99.90%, and oxygen content is less than 0.076%, and grain size is 15-45 μm.
Embodiment 2
In the present embodiment, a diameter of 0.1mm of fine silver silk, one time aerosolization filament length is set as 20cm, purity inert gas
It is 99.99%.
A kind of preparation method of metal powder for 3D printing of the invention is as follows：
S1：Fine silver filament winding is imported into the chamber full of the first inert gas (nitrogen and helium),
S11：Equipment is evacuated to 1Pa, is filled with the first inert gas to normal pressure, then be evacuated to 1Pa, recycles 3 times, makes
Oxygen content will finally be less than 300ppm；
- filling with inert gas-is vacuumized repeatedly to vacuumize, and is in order to reduce the oxygen content in equipment, to avoid oxygen to gold
Belong to the influence of powder；When oxygen content is higher than 300ppm, prepared oxygen content in power is high, can make the parts mechanics of final 3D printing
Performance is not up to standard；
S12：The first inert gas is then charged with to 0.1MPa, after setting aerosolization operating voltage 20KV, by simple metal silk
Import chamber；
The production of metal powder is protected using the first atmosphere of inert gases；
S2：Simple metal silk aerosolization is obtained metal powder, gone forward side by side by the effect in the cavity through aerosolization operating voltage
Row is collected,
S21：Wire presses the frequency aerosolization of 2Hz under 20KV voltages, forms micron order drop and nanometer grade powder
Mixture；
S22：Drop condenses to form micron-size spherical metal powder through cooling gas, and is collected；
S3：The metal powder being collected into using the stainless steel of 325 mesh is sieved, obtains screening metal powder；
S4：Screening metal powder is washed and is dried, obtains the metal powder for 3D printing,
S41：Metal powder will be sieved to be placed in the second inert gas (nitrogen and helium) environment that oxygen concentration is 0.5%
5 hours, then powder by weight：Absolute ethyl alcohol (dispersion liquid may be water)=1.5:5 mixing, in 120W ultrasonic disperses
Disperse 10 minutes in equipment, stand and outwell upper strata dispersion liquid in 3 minutes, leave bottom micron particles, repeat the above process 3 times, directly
Become to upper strata cleaning solution and clarify；
Wherein, by weight, 0.01% graphite and the mixture of graphene are dispersed in absolute ethyl alcohol, helps to increase
Add the mobility of final products powder, promote print procedure；Meanwhile graphite addition can cause pulvurent carbonaceous amount too high too much, make
Finished product becomes fragile；
S42：Bottom micron particles are dried or dried at 80 lower DEG C, obtain the metal powder for 3D printing.
The purity of obtained metal powder is more than 99.90%, and oxygen content is less than 0.076%, and grain size is 15-53 μm.
Embodiment 3
In the present embodiment, a diameter of 0.5mm of fine copper silk, one time aerosolization filament length is set as 20cm, purity inert gas
It is 99.99%.
A kind of preparation method of metal powder for 3D printing of the invention is as follows：
S1：Fine copper filament winding is imported into the chamber full of the first inert gas (nitrogen, argon gas and helium),
S11：Equipment is evacuated to 1Pa, is filled with the first inert gas to normal pressure, then be evacuated to 1Pa, recycles 3 times, makes
Oxygen content will finally be less than 300ppm；
- filling with inert gas-is vacuumized repeatedly to vacuumize, and is in order to reduce the oxygen content in equipment, to avoid oxygen to gold
Belong to the influence of powder；When oxygen content is higher than 300ppm, prepared oxygen content in power is high, can make the parts mechanics of final 3D printing
Performance is not up to standard；
S12：The first inert gas is then charged with to 0.1MPa, after setting aerosolization operating voltage 35KV, by simple metal silk
Import chamber；
The production of metal powder is protected using the first atmosphere of inert gases；
S2：Simple metal silk aerosolization is obtained metal powder, gone forward side by side by the effect in the cavity through aerosolization operating voltage
Row is collected,
S21：Wire presses the frequency aerosolization of 2Hz under 35KV voltages, forms micron order drop and nanometer grade powder
Mixture；
S22：Drop condenses to form micron-size spherical metal powder through cooling gas, and is collected；
S3：The metal powder being collected into using the stainless steel of 325 mesh is sieved, obtains screening metal powder；
S4：Screening metal powder is washed and is dried, obtains the metal powder for 3D printing,
S41：Metal powder will be sieved and be placed on the second inert gas (nitrogen, argon gas and helium) that oxygen concentration is 0.5%
5 hours in environment, then powder by weight：Absolute ethyl alcohol (dispersion liquid may be water)=2:5 mixing, in 120W ultrasounds
Disperse 10 minutes in dispersing apparatus, stand 3 minutes and outwell upper strata dispersion liquid, leave bottom micron particles, repeat the above process 3
It is secondary, until upper strata cleaning solution becomes clarification；
Wherein, by weight, 0.01% graphite and the mixture of graphene are dispersed in absolute ethyl alcohol, helps to increase
Add the mobility of final products powder, promote print procedure；Meanwhile graphite addition can cause pulvurent carbonaceous amount too high too much, make
Finished product becomes fragile；
S42：Bottom micron particles are dried or dried at 80 lower DEG C, obtain the metal powder for 3D printing.
The purity of obtained metal powder is more than 99.90%, and oxygen content is less than 0.076%, and grain size is 15-53 μm.
It should be noted that：
1st, under the vacuum degree set in step s 11, oxygen content that can efficiently in removing system, convenient for follow-up noble gas
Process in body atmosphere；
2nd, in step S12 pressure and operating voltage setting, the mixing of micron order drop and nanometer grade powder can be obtained
Object makes micron particles and nano particle exist jointly, and final product 3D printing metal powder can be made to have excellent performance, nanoscale
The reflectivity of particle is very low, and the nano particle on micron powder surface can significantly reduce reflection of the metal powder surface to laser, subtract
Few damage to 3D printing equipment laser.Reducing power needed for printing, (influence to laser is reflected on powder surface：Laser shines
After being mapped to powder surface, if powder surface reflectivity is high, most of laser can enter optical device by backtracking, lead to light
It learns device heating and generates miniature deformation, influence of this miniature deformation to laser is very big)；
Voltage, frequency and grain size are not simple linear relationship.It is found after analysis of experiments, there are multiple valves for voltage
Value.Wherein at a threshold values, more than this threshold values, there is no micron-sized powder in the powder of production, in another threshold values
Place, after the threshold values, the powder produced is a millimeter grade particles entirely, without micron particles and nano-scale particle.At two
Between threshold values, there are an optimization points, and on this aspect, the yield highest of powder, performance is best.
3rd, the first inert gas and the second inert gas can be gas of the same race or gas not of the same race, but gas purity requires to have
Difference, this is to the requirement of environment oxygen content difference in different process step.Since powder is in first inert gas environment
The condition of high temperature, powder easily aoxidize, therefore to purity and its sensitivity.Powder in second inert gas environment is in room temperature shape
State, powder is not oxidizable, therefore no so high to the purity requirement of gas.Inert gas includes but not limited to：Helium, neon
Gas, argon gas, Krypton, xenon, radon gas and nitrogen etc..
4th, the carbon material added in absolute ethyl alcohol, can play the role of increase powder mobility, in addition to graphite,
Except carbon nanotube and graphene, other can play the carbon material of similar action, the material of even other materials can be used in
The technical program.
5th, it as shown in Figure 1, being detected by being scanned electron microscope (SEM) to product 3D printing metal powder, finds logical
The technical program is crossed, has obtained the high powder of sphericity；It can be seen that product is micron and the mixture of nano powder, while micro-
Nano level powder is attached on the particle of meter level.
6th, metal powder of the present invention includes but not limited to copper powder, silver powder and stainless steel powder.
Finally it should be noted that：Above-described embodiments are merely to illustrate the technical scheme rather than to it
Limitation；Although the present invention is described in detail referring to the foregoing embodiments, it will be understood by those of ordinary skill in the art that：
It can still modify to the technical solution recorded in previous embodiment or to which part or all technical features into
Row equivalent replacement；And these modifications or substitutions, it does not separate the essence of the corresponding technical solution various embodiments of the present invention technical side
The range of case.
Claims (10)
1. a kind of preparation method of metal powder for 3D printing, it is characterised in that：Include the following steps：
S1：Simple metal silk is imported into the chamber full of the first inert gas：
S11：Chamber is evacuated to setting vacuum degree, is filled with the first inert gas to normal pressure, then is evacuated to the setting very
Reciprocal of duty cycle,
S12：The first inert gas is filled with to setting pressure, and after setting aerosolization operating voltage, simple metal silk is imported into chamber；
S2：Simple metal silk aerosolization is obtained metal powder, and received by the effect in the cavity through aerosolization operating voltage
Collection；
S3：The metal powder being collected into is sieved, obtains screening metal powder；
S4：Screening metal powder is washed and is dried, obtains the metal powder for 3D printing,
Wherein：
Step S11 is at least recycled 3 times, the vacuum degree that sets in step S11 as 1Pa,
The pressure that sets in step S12 as 0-1.5MPa, the aerosolization operating voltage that sets as 20-45kv,
First purity inert gas be 99.99%, first inert gas for helium, neon, argon gas, Krypton, xenon,
It is one or more in radon gas and nitrogen,
A diameter of 0.1-1.0mm of the simple metal silk.
2. the preparation method of the metal powder according to claim 1 for 3D printing, it is characterised in that：The metal powder is
Copper powder, silver powder or stainless steel powder.
3. the preparation method of the metal powder according to claim 1 for 3D printing, it is characterised in that：In step S2, system
Standby metal powder includes the following steps：
S21：Wire by setpoint frequency aerosolization, forms micron order drop and nanometer grade powder under aerosolization operating voltage
Mixture；
S22：The drop condenses to form micron-size spherical metal powder through cooling gas, and is collected；
Wherein：Aerosolization setpoint frequency is 2Hz in step S21.
4. the preparation method of the metal powder according to claim 1 for 3D printing, it is characterised in that：In step S3, make
It is sieved with stainless steel, the aperture of the stainless steel sieve is 325 mesh.
5. the preparation method of the metal powder according to claim 1 for 3D printing, it is characterised in that：Under step S4 includes
State step：
S41：Metal powder will be sieved to be placed in the second inert gas environment that oxygen concentration is 0.5% 5-8 hours, then by weight
Amount part compares powder：Absolute ethyl alcohol=(1-2):5 mixing, disperse 10 minutes in 120W ultrasonic disperse equipment, stand 3 minutes and outwell
Upper strata dispersion liquid leaves bottom micron particles, repeats the above process 3 times；
S42：Bottom micron particles are dried or dried, obtain the metal powder for 3D printing,
Wherein：Mixture of the metal powder for 3D printing for micron metal powder and Nano metal powder, the nano metal
Powder is coated on a micron uranium powder surface,
Second inert gas be helium, neon, argon gas, Krypton, xenon, radon gas and nitrogen in it is one or more,
It is described dry or drying temperature be less than 80 DEG C.
6. the preparation method of the metal powder according to claim 5 for 3D printing, it is characterised in that：In step S41, nothing
Carbon material is dispersed in water-ethanol.
7. the preparation method of the metal powder according to claim 6 for 3D printing, it is characterised in that：The carbon material is
It is one or more in graphite, carbon nanotube, graphene.
8. the preparation method of the metal powder for 3D printing described according to claim 6 or 7, it is characterised in that：By weight
Meter, the dosage of the carbon material are the 0.01% of absolute ethyl alcohol dosage.
9. a kind of metal powder for 3D printing, it is characterised in that：The metal powder is according to claim any one of 1-8
Preparation method prepare gained, the purity of the metal powder is more than 99.90%, and the grain size of the metal powder is 7.9-63.3 μm.
10. the metal powder according to claim 9 for 3D printing, it is characterised in that：The oxygen content of the metal powder is small
In 0.076%.
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