CN108160797B - Air-expanding thermal forming die and process for open pipe fitting - Google Patents
Air-expanding thermal forming die and process for open pipe fitting Download PDFInfo
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- CN108160797B CN108160797B CN201810172082.6A CN201810172082A CN108160797B CN 108160797 B CN108160797 B CN 108160797B CN 201810172082 A CN201810172082 A CN 201810172082A CN 108160797 B CN108160797 B CN 108160797B
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- pipe fitting
- shovel
- open
- forming
- tubular
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- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 title claims abstract description 31
- 230000008569 process Effects 0.000 title claims abstract description 28
- 238000003856 thermoforming Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 35
- 230000007246 mechanism Effects 0.000 claims abstract description 17
- 238000007789 sealing Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 15
- 239000003570 air Substances 0.000 claims description 57
- XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N water Substances O XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 34
- 238000000465 moulding Methods 0.000 claims description 17
- 238000010438 heat treatment Methods 0.000 claims description 16
- 238000010791 quenching Methods 0.000 claims description 15
- 230000000171 quenching effect Effects 0.000 claims description 15
- 229910000831 Steel Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 9
- 239000010959 steel Substances 0.000 claims description 9
- 239000007789 gas Substances 0.000 claims description 8
- IJGRMHOSHXDMSA-UHFFFAOYSA-N Atomic nitrogen Chemical compound N#N IJGRMHOSHXDMSA-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 7
- 239000012298 atmosphere Substances 0.000 claims description 7
- CURLTUGMZLYLDI-UHFFFAOYSA-N Carbon dioxide Chemical compound O=C=O CURLTUGMZLYLDI-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 6
- 238000001816 cooling Methods 0.000 claims description 6
- 230000001681 protective effect Effects 0.000 claims description 5
- 238000003466 welding Methods 0.000 claims description 4
- 229910002092 carbon dioxide Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 3
- 239000001569 carbon dioxide Substances 0.000 claims description 3
- 230000006837 decompression Effects 0.000 claims description 3
- 238000004519 manufacturing process Methods 0.000 claims description 3
- JCXJVPUVTGWSNB-UHFFFAOYSA-N nitrogen dioxide Inorganic materials O=[N]=O JCXJVPUVTGWSNB-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 3
- 238000004321 preservation Methods 0.000 claims description 3
- 238000005096 rolling process Methods 0.000 claims description 3
- 210000001503 joint Anatomy 0.000 claims description 2
- 239000012299 nitrogen atmosphere Substances 0.000 claims 1
- 238000007493 shaping process Methods 0.000 description 19
- 230000009471 action Effects 0.000 description 6
- 230000009286 beneficial effect Effects 0.000 description 6
- 230000000694 effects Effects 0.000 description 6
- 239000000498 cooling water Substances 0.000 description 5
- 238000005422 blasting Methods 0.000 description 2
- 238000005097 cold rolling Methods 0.000 description 2
- 238000010586 diagram Methods 0.000 description 2
- 238000009434 installation Methods 0.000 description 2
- 229910052757 nitrogen Inorganic materials 0.000 description 2
- 238000005488 sandblasting Methods 0.000 description 2
- 229910001566 austenite Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 238000006243 chemical reaction Methods 0.000 description 1
- 150000001875 compounds Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 238000005520 cutting process Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000007547 defect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 229910000734 martensite Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 239000000463 material Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000002184 metal Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000012986 modification Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000004048 modification Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000007669 thermal treatment Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000009466 transformation Effects 0.000 description 1
Classifications
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B21—MECHANICAL METAL-WORKING WITHOUT ESSENTIALLY REMOVING MATERIAL; PUNCHING METAL
- B21D—WORKING OR PROCESSING OF SHEET METAL OR METAL TUBES, RODS OR PROFILES WITHOUT ESSENTIALLY REMOVING MATERIAL; PUNCHING METAL
- B21D26/00—Shaping without cutting otherwise than using rigid devices or tools or yieldable or resilient pads, i.e. applying fluid pressure or magnetic forces
- B21D26/02—Shaping without cutting otherwise than using rigid devices or tools or yieldable or resilient pads, i.e. applying fluid pressure or magnetic forces by applying fluid pressure
- B21D26/033—Deforming tubular bodies
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B21—MECHANICAL METAL-WORKING WITHOUT ESSENTIALLY REMOVING MATERIAL; PUNCHING METAL
- B21D—WORKING OR PROCESSING OF SHEET METAL OR METAL TUBES, RODS OR PROFILES WITHOUT ESSENTIALLY REMOVING MATERIAL; PUNCHING METAL
- B21D26/00—Shaping without cutting otherwise than using rigid devices or tools or yieldable or resilient pads, i.e. applying fluid pressure or magnetic forces
- B21D26/02—Shaping without cutting otherwise than using rigid devices or tools or yieldable or resilient pads, i.e. applying fluid pressure or magnetic forces by applying fluid pressure
- B21D26/033—Deforming tubular bodies
- B21D26/035—Deforming tubular bodies including an additional treatment performed by fluid pressure, e.g. perforating
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B21—MECHANICAL METAL-WORKING WITHOUT ESSENTIALLY REMOVING MATERIAL; PUNCHING METAL
- B21D—WORKING OR PROCESSING OF SHEET METAL OR METAL TUBES, RODS OR PROFILES WITHOUT ESSENTIALLY REMOVING MATERIAL; PUNCHING METAL
- B21D26/00—Shaping without cutting otherwise than using rigid devices or tools or yieldable or resilient pads, i.e. applying fluid pressure or magnetic forces
- B21D26/02—Shaping without cutting otherwise than using rigid devices or tools or yieldable or resilient pads, i.e. applying fluid pressure or magnetic forces by applying fluid pressure
- B21D26/033—Deforming tubular bodies
- B21D26/041—Means for controlling fluid parameters, e.g. pressure or temperature
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B21—MECHANICAL METAL-WORKING WITHOUT ESSENTIALLY REMOVING MATERIAL; PUNCHING METAL
- B21D—WORKING OR PROCESSING OF SHEET METAL OR METAL TUBES, RODS OR PROFILES WITHOUT ESSENTIALLY REMOVING MATERIAL; PUNCHING METAL
- B21D26/00—Shaping without cutting otherwise than using rigid devices or tools or yieldable or resilient pads, i.e. applying fluid pressure or magnetic forces
- B21D26/02—Shaping without cutting otherwise than using rigid devices or tools or yieldable or resilient pads, i.e. applying fluid pressure or magnetic forces by applying fluid pressure
- B21D26/033—Deforming tubular bodies
- B21D26/045—Closing or sealing means
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B21—MECHANICAL METAL-WORKING WITHOUT ESSENTIALLY REMOVING MATERIAL; PUNCHING METAL
- B21D—WORKING OR PROCESSING OF SHEET METAL OR METAL TUBES, RODS OR PROFILES WITHOUT ESSENTIALLY REMOVING MATERIAL; PUNCHING METAL
- B21D26/00—Shaping without cutting otherwise than using rigid devices or tools or yieldable or resilient pads, i.e. applying fluid pressure or magnetic forces
- B21D26/02—Shaping without cutting otherwise than using rigid devices or tools or yieldable or resilient pads, i.e. applying fluid pressure or magnetic forces by applying fluid pressure
- B21D26/033—Deforming tubular bodies
- B21D26/047—Mould construction
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B21—MECHANICAL METAL-WORKING WITHOUT ESSENTIALLY REMOVING MATERIAL; PUNCHING METAL
- B21D—WORKING OR PROCESSING OF SHEET METAL OR METAL TUBES, RODS OR PROFILES WITHOUT ESSENTIALLY REMOVING MATERIAL; PUNCHING METAL
- B21D26/00—Shaping without cutting otherwise than using rigid devices or tools or yieldable or resilient pads, i.e. applying fluid pressure or magnetic forces
- B21D26/02—Shaping without cutting otherwise than using rigid devices or tools or yieldable or resilient pads, i.e. applying fluid pressure or magnetic forces by applying fluid pressure
- B21D26/033—Deforming tubular bodies
- B21D26/049—Deforming bodies having a closed end
Abstract
The invention discloses an inflatable thermoforming mould and a process for an open pipe fitting, wherein the mould comprises an upper mould and a lower mould assembly, the upper mould assembly comprises an upper mould plate and an upper mould base, the lower mould assembly comprises a lower mould plate and a lower mould base, and a pipe end positioning and sealing mechanism is arranged on the lower mould plate; the pipe end positioning sealing mechanism comprises a shovel port forming male part, a driving block and an oil cylinder, wherein the cylinder body of the oil cylinder is arranged on the lower template, a piston rod of the oil cylinder is connected with the driving block, and the outer end of the shovel port forming male part is connected with the driving block. The shovel opening forming pin can shovel the end part of the pipe fitting out of the opening after the die is closed, so that the shape and the quality of the shovel opening are ensured, and the part to be formed of the pipe fitting is protected; meanwhile, the shovel opening of the pipe end can be sealed, the problem that the hot forming process of the open pipe fitting is difficult to seal is solved, the air inflation hot forming treatment of the open pipe fitting is realized, the open pipe-shaped workpiece can be manufactured by the air inflation hot forming process through the die, and therefore the high-strength open pipe fitting is obtained, and the processing efficiency of the open pipe fitting is improved.
Description
Technical Field
The invention relates to a pipe fitting air inflation thermal forming die and a process, in particular to an open pipe fitting air inflation thermal forming die and a process, and belongs to the technical field of thermal treatment plastic forming.
Background
With the gradual increase of the safety requirements of people on automobiles, tubular parts are appeared in some high-end automobiles instead of sheet metal parts, and the forming process of the tubular parts is mainly cold stamping or cold rolling forming at normal temperature. However, the pipe fitting formed by cold stamping or cold rolling has limited strength due to the limitation of the pipe making process and the mechanical properties of the material itself, so the heat treatment process of the pipe fitting is rapidly developing.
The existing non-open pipe fittings that adopts physiosis thermoforming to handle are many, and the both ends of pipe fitting do not have the open setting, and the non-open pipe fitting after the heating is conveyed to the mould of thermoforming press fast, and the mould is closed, and the head on the mould inserts pipe fitting both ends under the effect of axial jar, seals the both ends of pipe fitting through the seal, then high-pressure gas lets in the pipe fitting inner chamber through the through-hole on the head in, accomplishes the high-pressure physiosis shaping of pipe fitting under high temperature. The existing air-expanding thermoforming mould and process can only be used for simple non-open pipe fittings.
The two ends of the side door anti-collision beam for bearing the collision force of the automobile are required to be installed, the end part of the anti-collision beam manufactured by the pipe fitting is still not easy to install, and therefore the two ends of the pipe fitting used as the anti-collision beam are required to be provided with open sections so as to facilitate the installation of the anti-collision beam.
For a pipe fitting with an open design at the pipe end, if the pipe fitting is formed at other positions by adopting the existing die in an air-expanding way, then the pipe end open section is processed, the pipe end is easy to tear in the processing process of the open section, the quality of the pipe end opening is affected due to the fact that the tearing position is not fixed, the installation and the use of the opening are affected in severe cases, the air-expanding formed part of the pipe fitting is often affected in the tearing process, and the quality of the pipe fitting is seriously affected; if the pipe is firstly processed to be open, after the pipe end is put into the die, 1, the pipe cannot be placed in the existing die because of the open section of the pipe, if the pipe is forcibly put into the die, the opening effect is affected, the die closing of the die is affected, and the die is damaged; 2. even if the die can be closed, the position of the opening close to the die cavity of the die after the die is closed can be torn and deformed due to the die cavity profile, so that the quality of the opening is affected; 3. the problem of deformation of the opening is not considered, the opening pipe fitting is placed into the die, and the final essential point is that the sealing head in the existing die cannot seal the opening pipe end, so that the inflation forming cannot be realized, and the sealing problem of the opening pipe fitting is difficult to solve. Therefore, a mold is needed to ensure that the opening process does not affect the pipe fitting inflation thermoforming, ensure the quality of the opening and solve the sealing problem of the opening pipe fitting.
Disclosure of Invention
The invention provides an air inflation thermoforming mould and a process for an open pipe fitting, which aim at the defects of the prior art, the pipe end of the air inflation thermoforming mould can be used for processing a high-quality open structure, and meanwhile, the sealing problem in the existing air inflation pipe fitting thermoforming process is solved, and the high-quality open pipe fitting can be manufactured through the air inflation thermoforming process.
The technical scheme for solving the technical problems is as follows: the upper die assembly comprises an upper die plate and an upper die seat arranged on the lower surface of the upper die plate, the lower die assembly comprises a lower die plate and a lower die seat arranged on the upper surface of the lower die plate, the surfaces of the upper die seat and the lower die seat are respectively provided with an upper molding surface and a lower molding surface which are matched with the open molding pipe fitting, a die cavity is formed after the upper die seat and the lower die seat are matched with each other, a pipe end positioning sealing mechanism is further arranged on the lower die plate, and the pipe end positioning sealing mechanisms are symmetrically arranged on the left side and the right side of the lower die seat;
the pipe end positioning sealing mechanism comprises a shovel port forming male, a driving block and an oil cylinder, wherein a cylinder body of the oil cylinder is arranged on the lower die plate, a piston rod of the oil cylinder is connected with the driving block, the outer end of the shovel port forming male is connected with the driving block, and the inner end of the shovel port forming male is opposite to the die cavity; the left side of the shovel port forming male is provided with an air inlet pipeline and a water inlet pipeline, and the right side of the shovel port forming male is provided with an exhaust pipeline and a drainage pipeline.
The beneficial effects of the invention are as follows: the left side and the right side of the lower die holder are provided with shovel port forming pins, a tubular preformed piece with laser kerfs is placed on the lower die holder, the upper die and the lower die are clamped, the shovel port forming pins have the same shape as the required open section of the open pipe fitting, the oil cylinder acts, the driving block is pushed inwards, the shovel port forming pins enter the pipe, the shovel port forming pins continuously act along with the oil cylinder, the two ends of the tubular preformed piece are shoveled into openings along the laser kerfs, meanwhile, the shovel port forming pins respectively seal the two ends of the tubular preformed piece under the thrust of the oil cylinder, then the high-pressure air expansion forming, pressure maintaining quenching and pressure releasing die opening are carried out, and the processing of the open formed pipe fitting is completed. The invention has simple structure and convenient and quick operation, and the shovel opening forming pin can shovel the end part of the pipe fitting out of the opening after the upper die and the lower die of the die are clamped, thereby not only ensuring the shape and the quality of the shovel opening, but also protecting the part to be formed of the pipe fitting by clamping the die, and ensuring that the shovel opening process can not tear or cause deformation of other parts of the pipe fitting; meanwhile, the shovel opening of the pipe end can be sealed by the shovel opening forming pin, the problem that the hot forming process of the open pipe fitting is difficult to seal is solved, the air inflation hot forming treatment of the open pipe fitting is realized, and the open pipe-shaped workpiece can be manufactured by the air inflation hot forming process through the die, so that the high-strength open pipe fitting is obtained, and the processing efficiency of the open pipe fitting is improved; in addition, the shovel port is formed with an air inlet pipeline, a water inlet pipeline, an air exhaust pipeline and a drainage pipeline which are arranged on the shovel port forming male pin, so that the instant conversion of high-pressure air and cooling water is realized.
On the basis of the technical scheme, the invention can be improved as follows.
Further, a lifting support mechanism is arranged between the driving block and the lower die holder and comprises a support table and a lifting guide rail, the support table is arranged below the shovel opening forming mechanism, a support table inclined surface is arranged at the bottom of the support table, a driving block inclined surface matched with the support table inclined surface is arranged on the driving block, the lifting guide rail is arranged on the lower die holder, and a guide block matched with the lifting guide rail is arranged on the support table.
The technical scheme has the advantages that the tubular preformed piece is placed on the lower die holder, the laser kerf position is upward, and in order to avoid the influence of the shovel port forming on the open section, the oil cylinder is in an initial state when the pipe fitting is placed; in order to avoid the situation that the forming male spade is used for supporting the qualified open pipe end, a support is arranged below the open section, in order to avoid the influence of the support on the open section of the pipe fitting, the support is arranged to be liftable, when the pipe fitting is placed, the upper plane of the supporting table is flush with the bottom of the outer edge of the tubular forming piece, or is slightly lower than the bottom of the outer edge of the tubular forming piece, the driving block is pushed along with the action of the oil cylinder, the driving block is matched with the supporting table, the supporting table moves upwards along the lifting guide rail, the lower part of the open section is supported in the process that the forming male spade is formed, the open section is clamped between the forming male spade and the supporting table, and the open quality of the open pipe fitting is guaranteed; in addition, along with the public sealed pipe end of inwards application of force of shovel port shaping, the public atress of shovel port shaping increases, and the public one end of shovel port shaping is connected with the drive block, and the brace table still plays certain supporting role to the public other end of shovel port shaping when supporting open section, increases the public supporting strength of shovel port shaping, avoids the public deformation of shovel port shaping, prolongs the public life of shovel port shaping.
Further, a shovel port molding male surface matched with the shovel port molding male surface is arranged on the upper die holder.
The beneficial effect of adopting above-mentioned further scheme is, for the public certain space of reservation of shovel mouth shaping on last mould, the upper and lower mould compound die of being convenient for avoids influencing the shaping effect of uncovered pipe fitting.
Further, the driving block is provided with interfaces which are respectively communicated with the air inlet pipeline, the water inlet pipeline, the exhaust pipeline and the drainage pipeline.
The adoption of the further scheme has the beneficial effect that the interface can be connected with an external gas circuit and a waterway.
Further, the lower die plate is also provided with a limiting upright post.
The beneficial effect of adopting above-mentioned further scheme is that spacing stand sets up the both sides of supporting bench. In the action process of the supporting table along the vertical direction, the limiting upright post can conduct limiting guide on the supporting table, deviation of the shovel port forming male part is avoided, and the poor gate forming male part is ensured to be matched with the end part of the open tubular preformed part.
Furthermore, the upper die holder and the lower die holder are provided with positioning columns, and the lower die holder and the upper die holder are correspondingly provided with positioning holes matched with the positioning columns.
The technical scheme has the beneficial effects that the upper die holder and the lower die holder are precisely positioned and matched during die assembly, and the influence of dislocation of the upper die holder and the lower die holder on the air inflation thermoforming effect of the pipe fitting is avoided.
The invention also discloses an inflatable thermoforming process of the open pipe fitting, which adopts the thermoforming die of the open pipe fitting, and comprises the following specific steps:
(1) And (3) pipe manufacturing: stamping or rolling the high-strength steel plate at normal temperature to obtain an unjoined tubular workpiece;
(2) Laser welding and slotting: using laser to weld the butt joint of the unjoined tubular workpiece in the step (1) to form a tubular workpiece with a closed circumference, and using laser to cut gaps at the open positions of the two ends of the tubular workpiece to prepare a tubular preform;
(3) Heating: heating the tubular preform to 900-960 ℃ in a heating device, wherein the heating device adopts a protective atmosphere, and the heat preservation time is 360-540s;
(4) Conveying the workpiece: conveying the tubular preform heated in the step (3) to a die of a thermoforming press for a conveying time of not more than 10s;
(5) And (5) air inflation forming:
a. closing the upper die and the lower die: placing the heated tubular preform on a lower molding surface of a lower die holder of a thermoforming die of a press, and then closing the upper die and the lower die; at this time, the upper plane height of the support table is smaller than or equal to the outer circumferential bottom height of the tubular preform;
b. the tubular preform is sealed at both ends: the oil cylinders on the lower template push the driving blocks to move towards the tubular preformed piece in opposite directions, the driving blocks push the shovel opening forming pins to enter the pipe from the two ends of the tubular preformed piece, the supporting table is lifted along with the pushing of the shovel opening forming pins, the bottoms of the open sections of the tubular preformed piece are clamped between the supporting table and the shovel opening forming pins, the shovel opening forming pins shovel the two ends of the tubular preformed piece into openings along the slit cut in the step (2), the open tubular preformed piece is manufactured, and meanwhile, the shovel opening forming pins seal the two ends of the open tubular preformed piece under the pushing force of the driving blocks;
c. high-pressure air expansion molding: opening an air inlet valve, enabling high-pressure air to enter the whole lumen of the open tubular preformed piece through an air inlet pipeline arranged in the shovel port forming male part to form lumen internal pressure, keeping the lumen internal pressure unchanged, and completing high-pressure forming at high temperature to obtain an open formed pipe fitting;
(6) Pressure maintaining quenching: the mold keeps a closed state, the pressure in the thermoforming press and the pipe cavity is kept unchanged, a high-pressure air inlet valve is closed, an air outlet valve is opened, then a water inlet valve is opened, water enters the whole pipe cavity of the open forming pipe fitting through a water inlet pipeline arranged in a shovel port forming male part, so that the pipe cavity is full of water, then the air outlet valve is closed, the water outlet valve is opened, the pipe fitting is subjected to water cooling quenching, and the pressure maintaining quenching time is 8-12s;
(7) Decompression and die sinking: after the pressure-maintaining quenching, the water is discharged out of the workpiece through the water discharge pipeline, then the oil cylinders respectively move outwards, the driving block and the shovel port are in male reset for molding, the press is upward, the die is opened, and the open molding pipe is taken away.
Further, in the step (3), when the tubular preform is an uncoated high-strength steel plate, a nitrogen protection atmosphere is adopted; when the tubular preform is a coated high strength steel sheet, dry air protection is employed.
Further, the high-pressure gas in the step (5) is natural air, nitrogen or carbon dioxide.
Furthermore, if the heating device has no protective atmosphere, shot blasting and sand blasting can be added in the subsequent working procedures.
The beneficial effects of the invention are as follows: the invention scoops out the opening of the tubular preformed piece after laser lancing and seals the pipe end by the scoop forming pin, solves the technical problem that the open tubular piece is difficult to seal, fully utilizes gas high pressure to carry out inflation deformation on the section to be formed of the sealed tubular preformed piece, realizes the inflation thermoforming of the open pipe fitting, ensures that the open tubular piece can also be manufactured by the rapidly developed inflation thermoforming process, thereby obtaining the high-strength open pipe fitting and improving the thermoforming efficiency of the open pipe fitting; the water cooling quenching has higher efficiency than air cooling, can realize complete transformation from austenite to martensite, and improves the mechanical property of the workpiece to obtain the high-strength open tubular workpiece.
Drawings
FIG. 1 is a flow chart of the thermoforming process of an open tubular article of the present invention;
FIG. 2 is a schematic view of a mold according to the present invention; the method comprises the steps of carrying out a first treatment on the surface of the
FIG. 3 is a schematic diagram of the front view of the upper mold assembly of the present invention;
FIG. 4 is a schematic view of the bottom view of the upper die assembly of the present invention;
FIG. 5 is a schematic diagram of a front view of a lower mold assembly according to the present invention;
FIG. 6 is a schematic perspective view of a lower die assembly according to the present invention;
FIG. 7 is a view showing a state in which the lower die assembly of the present invention is used for processing an open pipe fitting;
FIG. 8 is a schematic view of the structure of an open tubular preform of the present invention;
FIG. 9 is a schematic view of an open tubular member of the present invention;
in the figure, 1, an upper template; 2. an upper die holder; 3. a lower template; 4. a lower die holder; 5. an upper molding surface; 6. a lower molding surface; 7. forming a shovel opening; 8. a driving block; 9. an oil cylinder; 10. a water inlet pipeline; 11. an air intake line; 12. an exhaust line; 13. a support table; 14. a driving block inclined plane; 15. a supporting table inclined plane; 16. lifting the guide rail; 17. a guide block; 18. a limit upright post; 19. positioning columns; 20. a drainage pipeline; 21. a tubular preform; 22. a slit; 23. a left open end; 24. a right open end; 25. an open pipe fitting; 26. forming a male surface by a shovel opening; 27. a common inlet line; 28. a common outlet line; 29. an interface.
Detailed Description
The principles and features of the present invention are described below in connection with examples, which are set forth only to illustrate the present invention and not to limit the scope of the invention.
As shown in fig. 2-9, an inflatable thermal forming die for an open pipe fitting comprises an upper die assembly and a lower die assembly, wherein the upper die assembly comprises an upper die plate 1 and an upper die holder 2 arranged on the lower surface of the upper die plate, the lower die assembly comprises a lower die plate 3 and a lower die holder 4 arranged on the upper surface of the lower die plate, the surfaces of the upper die holder and the lower die holder are respectively provided with an upper forming surface 5 and a lower forming surface 6 which are matched with the open forming pipe fitting, a die cavity is formed after the upper die holder and the lower die holder are matched, the lower die plate is also provided with pipe end positioning sealing mechanisms, and the pipe end positioning sealing mechanisms are symmetrically arranged on the left side and the right side of the lower die holder;
the pipe end positioning sealing mechanism comprises a shovel port forming male 7, a driving block 8 and an oil cylinder 9, wherein a cylinder body of the oil cylinder is arranged on the lower template, a piston rod of the oil cylinder is connected with the driving block, the outer end of the shovel port forming male is connected with the driving block, and the inner end of the shovel port forming male is opposite to the die cavity; an air inlet pipeline 11 and a water inlet pipeline 10 are arranged on the left side shovel port forming male, and an exhaust pipeline 12 and a drainage pipeline 20 are arranged on the right side shovel port forming male. The air inlet pipeline, the water inlet pipeline and the common inlet pipeline 27 form a three-way structure; the exhaust line, drain line and common outlet line 28 form a three-way structure.
The left side and the right side of the lower die holder are provided with shovel port forming pins, a tubular preformed piece 21 with laser kerfs is placed on the lower die holder, the upper die and the lower die are clamped, the shovel port forming pins have the same shape as the required open section of the open pipe fitting, the oil cylinder acts, the driving block is pushed inwards, the shovel port forming pins enter the pipe, the shovel port forming pins shovel the two ends of the tubular preformed piece into a left open end 23 and a right open end 24 along the laser kerfs along with the continuous action of the oil cylinder, meanwhile, the shovel port forming pins seal the two ends of the tubular preformed piece under the thrust action of the oil cylinder respectively, then the high-pressure air expansion forming, pressure maintaining quenching and pressure releasing die opening are carried out, and the processing of the open pipe fitting 25 is completed.
The lifting support mechanism is arranged between the driving block and the lower die holder and comprises a support table 13 and a lifting guide rail 16, the support table is arranged below the shovel opening forming mechanism, a support table inclined surface 15 is arranged at the bottom of the support table, a driving block inclined surface 14 matched with the support table inclined surface is arranged on the driving block, the lifting guide rail is arranged on the lower die holder, and a guide block 17 matched with the lifting guide rail is arranged on the support table. The tubular preformed piece is placed on the lower die holder, the laser kerf position is upward, and in order to avoid the influence of the forming of the shovel opening on the open section, the oil cylinder is in an initial state when the pipe fitting is placed; in order to avoid the situation that the forming male spade is used for supporting the qualified open pipe end, a support is arranged below the open section, in order to avoid the influence of the support on the open section of the pipe fitting, the support is arranged to be liftable, when the pipe fitting is placed, the upper plane of the supporting table is flush with the bottom of the outer edge of the tubular forming piece, or is slightly lower than the bottom of the outer edge of the tubular forming piece, the driving block is pushed along with the action of the oil cylinder, the driving block is matched with the supporting table, the supporting table moves upwards along the lifting guide rail, the lower part of the open section is supported in the process that the forming male spade is formed, the open section is clamped between the forming male spade and the supporting table, and the open quality of the open pipe fitting is guaranteed; in addition, along with the public sealed pipe end of inwards application of force of shovel port shaping, the public atress of shovel port shaping increases, and the public one end of shovel port shaping is connected with the drive block, and the brace table still plays certain supporting role to the public other end of shovel port shaping when supporting open section, increases the public supporting strength of shovel port shaping, avoids the public deformation of shovel port shaping, prolongs the public life of shovel port shaping.
And the upper die holder is provided with a shovel port forming male surface which is matched with the shovel port forming male surface. A certain space is reserved on the upper die for the shovel port forming male die, so that the upper die and the lower die are convenient to be assembled, and the forming effect of the open pipe fitting is prevented from being influenced.
The driving block is provided with a joint 29 which is respectively communicated with the air inlet pipeline, the water inlet pipeline, the exhaust pipeline and the drainage pipeline. Can be connected with an external gas circuit and a waterway through the interface.
And a limiting upright post 18 is also arranged on the lower template. The limiting stand columns are arranged on two sides of the supporting table. In the action process of the supporting table along the vertical direction, the limiting upright post can conduct limiting guide on the supporting table, deviation of the shovel port forming male part is avoided, and the poor gate forming male part is ensured to be matched with the end part of the open tubular preformed part.
The upper die holder and the lower die holder are provided with positioning columns 19, and the lower die holder and the upper die holder are correspondingly provided with positioning holes matched with the positioning columns. The upper die holder and the lower die holder are precisely positioned and matched during die assembly, so that the influence of dislocation of the upper die holder and the lower die holder on the air inflation thermoforming effect of the pipe fitting is avoided.
As shown in fig. 1, the invention also discloses an inflatable thermoforming process of the open pipe fitting, which adopts the thermoforming die of the open pipe fitting, and comprises the following specific steps:
(1) And (3) pipe manufacturing: stamping or rolling the high-strength steel plate at normal temperature to obtain an unjoined tubular workpiece;
(2) Laser welding and slotting: forming a tubular preform by laser welding the butt seam of the unjoined tubular workpiece in step (1) to a circumferentially closed tubular workpiece having a shape and size substantially similar to those of the final workpiece, and cutting the slit 22 at the open positions at both ends of the tubular workpiece with a laser;
(3) Heating: heating the tubular preform to 900-960 ℃ in a heating device, wherein the heating device adopts a protective atmosphere, and the heat preservation time is 360-540s;
(4) Conveying the workpiece: conveying the tubular preform heated in the step (3) to a die of a thermoforming press for a conveying time of not more than 10s;
(5) And (5) air inflation forming:
a. closing the upper die and the lower die: placing the heated tubular preform on a lower molding surface of a lower die holder of a thermoforming die of a press, and then closing the upper die and the lower die; at this time, the upper plane height of the support table is smaller than or equal to the outer circumferential bottom height of the tubular preform;
b. the tubular preform is sealed at both ends: the oil cylinders on the lower template push the driving blocks to move towards the tubular preformed piece in opposite directions, the driving blocks push the shovel opening forming pins to enter the pipe from the two ends of the tubular preformed piece, the supporting table is lifted along with the pushing of the shovel opening forming pins, the bottoms of the open sections of the tubular preformed piece are clamped between the supporting table and the shovel opening forming pins, the shovel opening forming pins shovel the two ends of the tubular preformed piece into openings along the slit cut in the step (2), the open tubular preformed piece is manufactured, and meanwhile, the shovel opening forming pins seal the two ends of the open tubular preformed piece under the pushing force of the driving blocks;
c. high-pressure air expansion molding: opening an air inlet valve, enabling high-pressure air to enter the whole lumen of the open tubular preformed piece through an air inlet pipeline arranged in the shovel port forming male part to form lumen internal pressure, keeping the lumen internal pressure unchanged, and completing high-pressure forming at high temperature to obtain an open formed pipe fitting;
(6) Pressure maintaining quenching: the mold keeps a closed state, the pressure in the thermoforming press and the pipe cavity is kept unchanged, a high-pressure air inlet valve is closed, an air outlet valve is opened, then a water inlet valve is opened, water enters the whole pipe cavity of the open forming pipe fitting through a water inlet pipeline arranged in a shovel port forming male part, so that the pipe cavity is full of water, then the air outlet valve is closed, the water outlet valve is opened, the pipe fitting is subjected to water cooling quenching, and the pressure maintaining quenching time is 8-12s;
(7) Decompression and die sinking: after the pressure-maintaining quenching, the water is discharged out of the workpiece through the water discharge pipeline, then the oil cylinders respectively move outwards, the driving block and the shovel port are in male reset for molding, the press is upward, the die is opened, and the open molding pipe is taken away.
In the step (3), when the tubular preformed piece is an uncoated high-strength steel plate, adopting nitrogen protection atmosphere; when the tubular preform is a coated high strength steel sheet, dry air protection is employed.
The high-pressure gas in the step (5) is natural air, nitrogen or carbon dioxide.
If the heating device has no protective atmosphere, shot blasting and sand blasting can be added in the subsequent working procedures.
Above-mentioned step (6) pour into the cooling water into in the shaping pipe fitting fast, the pressure of cooling water should guarantee to impress in the lumen of shaping pipe fitting, and the cooling water gets into by the inlet tube way of one end, cools off the pipe fitting by the drainage pipe way drainage of the other end, and the initial temperature of cooling water is around 20 degrees, avoids the too high cooling efficiency of influence of temperature, and the too low life-span that influences the mould of temperature.
According to the invention, the tubular preformed piece subjected to laser kerf is shoveled out to be opened by the shoveling forming male pair and the pipe end is sealed, so that the technical problem that the opened tubular workpiece is difficult to seal is solved, the gas high pressure is fully utilized to carry out inflation deformation on the to-be-formed section of the sealed tubular preformed piece, the inflation thermoforming of the opened pipe fitting is realized, the opened tubular workpiece can also be manufactured through a rapidly developed inflation thermoforming process, and therefore, the high-strength opened pipe fitting is obtained, and the thermoforming efficiency of the opened pipe fitting is improved.
The foregoing description of the preferred embodiments of the invention is not intended to limit the invention to the precise form disclosed, and any such modifications, equivalents, and alternatives falling within the spirit and scope of the invention are intended to be included within the scope of the invention.
Claims (7)
1. The air expansion thermoforming process of the open pipe fitting is characterized by adopting a thermoforming die of the open pipe fitting, and comprises the following specific steps of:
(1) And (3) pipe manufacturing: stamping or rolling the high-strength steel plate at normal temperature to obtain an unjoined tubular workpiece;
(2) Laser welding and slotting: using laser to weld the butt joint of the unjoined tubular workpiece in the step (1) to form a tubular workpiece with a closed circumference, and using laser to cut gaps at the open positions of the two ends of the tubular workpiece to prepare a tubular preform;
(3) Heating: heating the tubular preform to 900-960 ℃ in a heating device, wherein the heating device adopts a protective atmosphere, and the heat preservation time is 360-540s;
(4) Conveying the workpiece: conveying the tubular preform heated in the step (3) to a die of a thermoforming press for a conveying time of not more than 10s;
(5) The steps of air inflation forming are as follows:
a. closing the upper die and the lower die: placing the heated tubular preform on a lower molding surface of a lower die holder of a thermoforming die of a press, and then closing the upper die and the lower die; at this time, the upper plane height of the support table is smaller than or equal to the outer circumferential bottom height of the tubular preform;
b. the tubular preform is sealed at both ends: the oil cylinders on the lower template push the driving blocks to move towards the tubular preformed piece in opposite directions, the driving blocks push the shovel opening forming pins to enter the pipe from two ends of the tubular preformed piece, along with the pushing of the shovel opening forming pins, the supporting table is lifted up to enable the bottoms of open sections of the tubular preformed piece to be clamped between the supporting table and the shovel opening forming pins, the shovel opening forming pins shovel two ends of the tubular preformed piece into openings along the slit cut in the step (2), the open tubular preformed piece is manufactured, and meanwhile, the shovel opening forming pins seal two ends of the open tubular preformed piece under the pushing force of the driving blocks;
c. high-pressure air expansion molding: opening an air inlet valve, enabling high-pressure air to enter the whole lumen of the open tubular preformed piece through an air inlet pipeline arranged in the shovel port forming male part to form lumen internal pressure, keeping the lumen internal pressure unchanged, and completing high-pressure forming at high temperature to obtain an open formed pipe fitting;
(6) Pressure maintaining quenching: the mold keeps a closed state, the pressure in the thermoforming press and the pipe cavity is kept unchanged, a high-pressure air inlet valve is closed, an air outlet valve is opened, then the water inlet valve is opened, water enters the whole pipe cavity of the open forming pipe fitting through a water inlet pipeline arranged in a shovel port forming male part, the pipe cavity is filled with water, then the air outlet valve is closed, the air outlet valve is opened, the pipe fitting is subjected to water cooling quenching, and the pressure maintaining quenching time is 8-12s;
(7) Decompression and die sinking: after the pressure-maintaining quenching is carried out on the open forming pipe fitting, water is discharged out of the workpiece through a water discharge pipeline, then the oil cylinders respectively move outwards, the driving block and the shovel port are in forming male reset, the press is upward moved, the die is opened, and the open forming pipe fitting is taken away;
the hot forming die for the open pipe fitting comprises an upper die assembly and a lower die assembly, wherein the upper die assembly comprises an upper die plate and an upper die holder arranged on the lower surface of the upper die plate, the lower die assembly comprises a lower die plate and a lower die holder arranged on the upper surface of the lower die plate, the surfaces of the upper die holder and the lower die holder are respectively provided with an upper forming surface and a lower forming surface which are matched with the open forming pipe fitting, a die cavity is formed after the upper die holder and the lower die holder are matched, the lower die plate is also provided with pipe end positioning sealing mechanisms, and the pipe end positioning sealing mechanisms are symmetrically arranged on the left side and the right side of the lower die holder;
the pipe end positioning sealing mechanism comprises a shovel port forming male, a driving block and an oil cylinder, wherein a cylinder body of the oil cylinder is arranged on the lower die plate, a piston rod of the oil cylinder is connected with the driving block, the outer end of the shovel port forming male is connected with the driving block, and the inner end of the shovel port forming male is opposite to the die cavity; an air inlet pipeline and a water inlet pipeline are arranged on the left side shovel port forming male pin, and an exhaust pipeline and a drainage pipeline are arranged on the right side shovel port forming male pin;
the lifting support mechanism comprises a support table and a lifting guide rail, the support table is arranged below the shovel opening forming mechanism, a support table inclined surface is arranged at the bottom of the support table, a driving block inclined surface matched with the support table inclined surface is arranged on the driving block, the lifting guide rail is arranged on the lower die holder, and a guide block matched with the lifting guide rail is arranged on the support table.
2. The process of claim 1, wherein in step (3), when the tubular preform is an uncoated high strength steel sheet, a nitrogen atmosphere is used; when the tubular preform is a coated high strength steel sheet, dry air protection is employed.
3. The process of claim 1, wherein the high pressure gas in step (5) is natural air, nitrogen or carbon dioxide.
4. The process for the balloon thermoforming of an open pipe fitting according to claim 1, wherein a scoop forming male surface matched with the scoop forming male surface is arranged on the upper die holder.
5. The process of claim 1, wherein the driving block is provided with connectors for communicating with the air inlet pipeline, the water inlet pipeline, the air outlet pipeline and the water drain pipeline.
6. The process of claim 1, wherein the lower die plate is further provided with a spacing post.
7. The process for the balloon thermoforming of the open pipe fitting according to claim 1, wherein positioning columns are arranged on the upper die holder and the lower die holder, and positioning holes matched with the positioning columns are correspondingly arranged on the lower die holder and the upper die holder.
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| CN201810172082.6A CN108160797B (en) | 2018-03-01 | 2018-03-01 | Air-expanding thermal forming die and process for open pipe fitting |
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| CN108160797B true CN108160797B (en) | 2024-03-29 |
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| CN111468584A (en) * | 2020-03-31 | 2020-07-31 | 爱驰汽车有限公司 | Die for manufacturing anti-collision main beam, manufacturing method of anti-collision main beam and anti-collision beam |
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