CN108156942A - A kind of agricultural weeding equipment - Google Patents

A kind of agricultural weeding equipment Download PDF

Info

Publication number
CN108156942A
CN108156942A CN201711453500.0A CN201711453500A CN108156942A CN 108156942 A CN108156942 A CN 108156942A CN 201711453500 A CN201711453500 A CN 201711453500A CN 108156942 A CN108156942 A CN 108156942A
Authority
CN
China
Prior art keywords
mounting bracket
weeding
electric telescopic
drill bit
water tank
Prior art date
Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
Pending
Application number
CN201711453500.0A
Other languages
Chinese (zh)
Inventor
王克
Current Assignee (The listed assignees may be inaccurate. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation or warranty as to the accuracy of the list.)
Individual
Original Assignee
Individual
Priority date (The priority date is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the date listed.)
Filing date
Publication date
Application filed by Individual filed Critical Individual
Priority to CN201711453500.0A priority Critical patent/CN108156942A/en
Publication of CN108156942A publication Critical patent/CN108156942A/en
Pending legal-status Critical Current

Links

Classifications

    • AHUMAN NECESSITIES
    • A01AGRICULTURE; FORESTRY; ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; HUNTING; TRAPPING; FISHING
    • A01DHARVESTING; MOWING
    • A01D43/00Mowers combined with apparatus performing additional operations while mowing
    • A01D43/12Mowers combined with apparatus performing additional operations while mowing with soil-working implements, e.g. ploughs
    • AHUMAN NECESSITIES
    • A01AGRICULTURE; FORESTRY; ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; HUNTING; TRAPPING; FISHING
    • A01DHARVESTING; MOWING
    • A01D43/00Mowers combined with apparatus performing additional operations while mowing
    • A01D43/14Mowers combined with apparatus performing additional operations while mowing with dispensing apparatus, e.g. for fertilisers, herbicides or preservatives
    • BPERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B09DISPOSAL OF SOLID WASTE; RECLAMATION OF CONTAMINATED SOIL
    • B09CRECLAMATION OF CONTAMINATED SOIL
    • B09C1/00Reclamation of contaminated soil
    • B09C1/08Reclamation of contaminated soil chemically
    • FMECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F21LIGHTING
    • F21VFUNCTIONAL FEATURES OR DETAILS OF LIGHTING DEVICES OR SYSTEMS THEREOF; STRUCTURAL COMBINATIONS OF LIGHTING DEVICES WITH OTHER ARTICLES, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
    • F21V33/00Structural combinations of lighting devices with other articles, not otherwise provided for
    • BPERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B09DISPOSAL OF SOLID WASTE; RECLAMATION OF CONTAMINATED SOIL
    • B09CRECLAMATION OF CONTAMINATED SOIL
    • B09C2101/00In situ

Landscapes

  • Life Sciences & Earth Sciences (AREA)
  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Environmental Sciences (AREA)
  • General Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Soil Sciences (AREA)
  • Environmental & Geological Engineering (AREA)
  • Soil Working Implements (AREA)

Abstract

The invention discloses a kind of agricultural weeding equipment, including weeding blade, weeding idler wheel, pedestal and drill bit, the one end on the pedestal top is equipped with ozonic water tank, pedestal top of the ozonic water tank far from weeding blade side is equipped with the second mounting bracket, and vertically there are two the second electric telescopic rods for installation for the second upper end inside mounting bracket, the lower horizontal of second electric telescopic rod, which is equipped with, is transversely mounted plate, and the second mounting bracket inner homogeneous for being transversely mounted plate bottom end is equipped with drill bit.The present invention passes through the fixed strut of installation, movable branching rod, third electric telescopic rod, the first stepper motor and weeding blade, first stepper motor drives weeding blade rotation, third electric telescopic rod drive movable branching rod freely adjusts the height of weeding blade, it realizes and removes the weeds on its surface before being loosened to soil, it does not need to be artificial to remove in advance, greatly improves working efficiency.

Description

A kind of agricultural weeding equipment
Technical field
The present invention relates to agricultural planting equipment technical field, specially a kind of agricultural weeding equipment.
Background technology
With the continuous development of society, science is constantly progressive, and the artificial weeding of the past is changed into weeding by machine, traditional Hoe, the soil being exclusively used in around intertillage, weeding and loose plant, the very unusual elapsed time of artificial weeding and labor It is tired, it is inefficient, it is impossible to effectively the hardcoat layer after table soil soil block and rain to be smashed, although also occurring currently on the market various Weeding apparatus, but there are still many defects, for example, existing weeding apparatus is not provided with weeder so that in weeding The weeds of soil surface cannot be removed simultaneously, it is often necessary to which using artificial weeding, working efficiency is extremely low, and existing weeding apparatus Do not have the function of repairing seriously polluted soil, be unfavorable for the growth of plant.
Invention content
The purpose of the present invention is to provide a kind of agricultural weeding equipment, to solve mentioned above in the background art ask Topic.
To achieve the above object, the present invention provides following technical solution:A kind of agricultural weeding equipment, including weeding knife Piece, weeding idler wheel, pedestal and drill bit, the one end on the pedestal top are equipped with ozonic water tank, and the side of ozonic water tank is horizontal Transverse slat is installed, the laid inside of the transverse slat has water distributor, and the bottom end of water distributor is equipped with rotary nozzle by conduit, institute The top for stating ozonic water tank is equipped with the second installs case, and the inside of the second installs case is equipped with suction pump, the suction pump Output terminal is equipped with aqueduct, and the one end of the aqueduct far from suction pump connects through the second installs case and transverse slat with water distributor It connects, the input terminal of suction pump is connect by hose with ozonic water tank, and the top of second installs case is equipped with by mounting base Fixed strut, and the bottom end of fixed strut is hinged with third electric telescopic rod, the fixed strut far from the second installs case one End is hinged with movable branching rod, and the bottom end of movable branching rod is fixedly connected with the output terminal of third electric telescopic rod, the activity branch The one end of bar far from fixed strut is equipped with the first installs case, and the inside of the first installs case is equipped with the first stepper motor, institute The bottom end for stating the first installs case is equipped with weeding blade, and the top of weeding blade passes through the defeated of shaft coupling and the first stepper motor Outlet is fixedly connected, and pedestal top of the ozonic water tank far from weeding blade side is equipped with the second mounting bracket, and the second peace It shelves internal upper end vertically to install there are two the second electric telescopic rod, the lower horizontal of second electric telescopic rod to be equipped with Plate is transversely mounted, and the top central position for being transversely mounted plate is equipped with the second stepper motor, it is described to be transversely mounted plate bottom end The second mounting bracket inner homogeneous drill bit is installed, and the top of drill bit passes through pulley mechanism and the output of the second stepper motor Axis connection, pedestal top of second mounting bracket far from ozonic water tank side are vertically equipped with riser, and riser is far from second The side wall lower ends of mounting bracket side are hinged with the first mounting bracket, and the bottom level of first mounting bracket is equipped with shaft, and turn Weeding idler wheel on axis is uniformly installed, third stepper motor, and third are installed on the first mounting bracket at the rotating shaft position The output terminal of stepper motor is fixedly connected by shaft coupling with one end of shaft, side of the riser far from the second mounting bracket side Wall upper end is hinged with the first electric telescopic rod, and the upper surface of the output terminal of the first electric telescopic rod and the first mounting bracket is fixed and connected It connects, the top of the riser is equipped with arc lamp bracket, and headlamp is uniformly equipped on the inner wall of arc lamp bracket, the laterally peace The both ends of loading board are equipped with sliding block, and the second mounting bracket both sides inner wall is equipped with the sliding slot to match with sliding block, the drill bit appearance The lower end in face is uniformly provided with tapered protrusion, and the top of the drill bit is equipped with external screw thread, and intralamellar part is transversely mounted at bit location Equipped with the internal thread to match with external screw thread, the bottom of the pedestal is equipped with universal wheel, and the inside of universal wheel is equipped with dish Brake piece and protective layer.
Compared with prior art, the beneficial effects of the invention are as follows:This kind of agricultural weeding equipment by the fixed strut of installation, Movable branching rod, third electric telescopic rod, the first stepper motor and weeding blade, the first stepper motor drive weeding blade rotation, Third electric telescopic rod drives movable branching rod freely to adjust the height of weeding blade, realizes its surface before being loosened to soil Weeds removal, do not need to be artificial and remove in advance, working efficiency is greatly improved, by installing ozonic water tank, suction pump, leading Liquid inside ozonic water tank is pumped into water distributor and is sprayed through rotary nozzle by water pipe, water distributor and rotary nozzle, suction pump, real Now to the reparation of seriously polluted soil, and wetting soil effectively prevent dusty in weeding process in advance, avoids weeding apparatus On be stained with dust and influence its service life, pass through and the first mounting bracket, weeding idler wheel, shaft and third stepper motor, third be installed Stepper motor drives the weeding idler wheel rotation in shaft so that can continue to overturn pine to soil after soil is loosened by drill bit It is dynamic, enabling fully to loosen soil, achieve the effect that preferable loosening, by installing arc lamp bracket and headlamp so that at night In the case that evening and light are faint, it is bright to open headlamp supplement, and can arbitrarily adjust arc lamp bracket to soil each orientation It is illuminated, it is very convenient.
Description of the drawings
Fig. 1 is the structure schematic elevation view of the present invention;
Fig. 2 is the second mounting bracket internal structure schematic diagram of the present invention;
Fig. 3 is the structure partial schematic diagram of the present invention;
Fig. 4 is structure diagram at the weeding scroll wheel positions of the present invention;
Fig. 5 is the drill bit structure schematic diagram of the present invention;
In figure:1- fixes strut;2- movable branching rods;3- suction pumps;The first stepper motors of 4-;5- weeding blades;6- rotates Nozzle;7- universal wheels;8- weeding idler wheels;9- pedestals;The first mounting brackets of 10-;11- drill bits;The first electric telescopic rods of 12-;13- Two mounting brackets;14- risers;15- arc lamp brackets;16- headlamps;The second stepper motors of 17-;The second electric telescopic rods of 18-;19- Sliding block;20- tapered protrusions;21- sliding slots;22- is transversely mounted plate;23- third electric telescopic rods;The first installs cases of 24-;25- is horizontal Plate;26- ozonic water tanks;27- water distributors;The second installs cases of 28-;29- shafts;30- third stepper motors;31- aqueducts;32- External screw thread.
Specific embodiment
Below in conjunction with the attached drawing in the embodiment of the present invention, the technical solution in the embodiment of the present invention is carried out clear, complete Site preparation describes, it is clear that described embodiment is only part of the embodiment of the present invention, instead of all the embodiments.It is based on Embodiment in the present invention, those of ordinary skill in the art are obtained every other without making creative work Embodiment shall fall within the protection scope of the present invention.
- 5 are please referred to Fig.1, a kind of embodiment provided by the invention:A kind of agricultural weeding equipment, including weeding blade 5, Weeding idler wheel 8, pedestal 9 and drill bit 11, the bottom of pedestal 9 are equipped with universal wheel 7, and the inside of universal wheel 7 is equipped with disc brake sheet And protective layer so that weeding apparatus can be arbitrarily moved, very convenient, the one end on 9 top of pedestal is equipped with ozonic water tank 26, and The side of ozonic water tank 26 is horizontally installed with transverse slat 25, and the laid inside of transverse slat 25 has water distributor 27, and the bottom end of water distributor 27 Rotary nozzle 6 is equipped with by conduit, the top of ozonic water tank 26 is equipped with the second installs case 28, and the second installs case 28 is interior Portion is equipped with suction pump 3, and the model of the suction pump 3 can be ISGD, and the output terminal of suction pump 3 is equipped with aqueduct 31, aqueduct 31 one end far from suction pump 3 are connect through the second installs case 28 and transverse slat 25 with water distributor 27, and the input terminal of suction pump 3 passes through Hose is connect with ozonic water tank 26, and the top of the second installs case 28 is equipped with fixed strut 1, and fixed strut 1 by mounting base Bottom end be hinged with third electric telescopic rod 23, the fixed one end of strut 1 far from the second installs case 28 is hinged with movable branching rod 2, And the bottom end of movable branching rod 2 is fixedly connected with the output terminal of third electric telescopic rod 23, movable branching rod 2 is far from fixed strut 1 One end is equipped with the first installs case 24, and the inside of the first installs case 24 is equipped with the first stepper motor 4, first stepper motor 4 model can be Y90S-2, and the bottom end of the first installs case 24 is equipped with weeding blade 5, and the top of weeding blade 5 passes through shaft coupling Device is fixedly connected with the output terminal of the first stepper motor 4, pedestal 9 top installation of the ozonic water tank 26 far from 5 side of weeding blade There is the second mounting bracket 13, and vertically there are two the second electric telescopic rod 18, the second electricity for installation for the upper end inside the second mounting bracket 13 The lower horizontal of dynamic telescopic rod 18, which is equipped with, is transversely mounted plate 22, and the both ends for being transversely mounted plate 22 are equipped with sliding block 19, the second peace It shelves 13 both sides inner walls and is equipped with the sliding slot 21 to match with sliding block 19 so that can realize that the second electric telescopic rod 18 drives and bore First 11 are freely lifted, and the top central position for being transversely mounted plate 22 is equipped with the second stepper motor 17, second stepping electricity The model of machine 17 can be Y90L-2, and 13 inner homogeneous of the second mounting bracket for being transversely mounted 22 bottom end of plate is equipped with drill bit 11, drill bit The lower end of 11 outer surfaces is uniformly provided with tapered protrusion 20, enhances the weeding function of drill bit 11, and the top of drill bit 11 is equipped with external screw thread 32, the plate 22 that is transversely mounted at 11 position of drill bit is internally provided with the internal thread to match with external screw thread 32 so that when drill bit 11 When something goes wrong, it can arbitrarily remove drill bit 11 and it is replaced, and the top of drill bit 11 passes through pulley mechanism and the The output axis connection of two stepping motor 17, pedestal 9 top of second mounting bracket 13 far from 26 side of ozonic water tank are vertically equipped with Riser 14, and side wall lower ends of the riser 14 far from 13 side of the second mounting bracket are hinged with the first mounting bracket 10, the first mounting bracket 10 Bottom level shaft 29 is installed, and weeding idler wheel 8 is uniformly installed in shaft 29, the first mounting bracket at 29 position of shaft Third stepper motor 30 is installed on 10, the model of the third stepper motor 30 can be Y90S-2, and third stepper motor 30 Output terminal is fixedly connected by shaft coupling with one end of shaft 29, sidewall upper hinge of the riser 14 far from 13 side of the second mounting bracket The first electric telescopic rod 12 is connected to, and the upper surface of the output terminal of the first electric telescopic rod 12 and the first mounting bracket 10 is fixed and connected It connects, the top of riser 14 is equipped with arc lamp bracket 15, and headlamp 16 is uniformly equipped on the inner wall of arc lamp bracket 15.
Operation principle:In use, powering on, weeding apparatus is moved on into appointed place using universal wheel 7, is then turned on One stepper motor 4 and third electric telescopic rod 23, the first stepper motor 4 drive weeding blade 5 to rotate, third electric telescopic rod 23 Movable branching rod 2 is driven freely to adjust the height of weeding blade 5, realizes and removes the weeds on its surface before being loosened to soil, It does not need to be artificial to remove in advance, greatly improves working efficiency, be then turned on suction pump 3, suction pump 3 will be in ozonic water tank 26 The liquid in portion is pumped into water distributor 27 and is sprayed through rotary nozzle 6, realizes the reparation to seriously polluted soil, and soak soil in advance It effectively prevent dusty in weeding process, is then turned on third stepper motor 30, third stepper motor 30 is driven in shaft 29 Weeding idler wheel 8 rotate so that by drill bit 11 loosen soil after can continue to soil overturn loosen, enabling fully Soil is loosened, achievees the effect that preferable loosening, when 16 supplement light of headlamp in the case where night and light are faint, can be opened It is bright, and can arbitrarily adjust arc lamp bracket 15 each orientation illuminates to soil, it is very convenient.
It is obvious to a person skilled in the art that the present invention is not limited to the details of above-mentioned exemplary embodiment, Er Qie In the case of without departing substantially from spirit or essential attributes of the invention, the present invention can be realized in other specific forms.Therefore, no matter From the point of view of which point, the present embodiments are to be considered as illustrative and not restrictive, and the scope of the present invention is by appended power Profit requirement rather than above description limit, it is intended that all by what is fallen within the meaning and scope of the equivalent requirements of the claims Variation is included within the present invention.Any reference numeral in claim should not be considered as to the involved claim of limitation.

Claims (1)

1. a kind of agricultural weeding equipment, including weeding blade (5), weeding idler wheel (8), pedestal (9) and drill bit (11), feature It is:The one end on pedestal (9) top is equipped with ozonic water tank (26), and the side of ozonic water tank (26) is horizontally installed with horizontal stroke Plate (25), the laid inside of the transverse slat (25) have water distributor (27), and the bottom end of water distributor (27) is equipped with rotation by conduit Turn nozzle (6), the top of the ozonic water tank (26) is equipped with the second installs case (28), and the inside peace of the second installs case (28) Equipped with suction pump (3), the output terminal of the suction pump (3) is equipped with aqueduct (31), and the aqueduct (31) is far from suction pump (3) one end is connect through the second installs case (28) and transverse slat (25) with water distributor (27), and the input terminal of suction pump (3) passes through soft Pipe is connect with ozonic water tank (26), and the top of second installs case (28) is equipped with fixed strut (1), and solid by mounting base The bottom end for determining strut (1) is hinged with third electric telescopic rod (23), the fixed strut (1) far from the second installs case (28) one End is hinged with movable branching rod (2), and the bottom end of movable branching rod (2) is fixedly connected with the output terminal of third electric telescopic rod (23), The one end of the movable branching rod (2) far from fixed strut (1) is equipped with the first installs case (24), and the first installs case (24) is interior Portion is equipped with the first stepper motor (4), and the bottom end of first installs case (24) is equipped with weeding blade (5), and weeding blade (5) top is fixedly connected by shaft coupling with the output terminal of the first stepper motor (4), and the ozonic water tank (26) is far from weeding Pedestal (9) top of blade (5) side is equipped with the second mounting bracket (13), and the upper end of the second mounting bracket (13) inside is vertically pacified There are two the second electric telescopic rods (18) for dress, and the lower horizontal of second electric telescopic rod (18), which is equipped with, is transversely mounted plate (22), it and is transversely mounted the top central position of plate (22) the second stepper motor (17) is installed, it is described to be transversely mounted plate (22) the second mounting bracket (13) inner homogeneous of bottom end is equipped with drill bit (11), and the top of drill bit (11) passes through pulley mechanism With the output axis connection of the second stepper motor (17), pedestal of second mounting bracket (13) far from ozonic water tank (26) side (9) top is vertically equipped with riser (14), and side wall lower ends of the riser (14) far from the second mounting bracket (13) side are hinged with the One mounting bracket (10), the bottom level of first mounting bracket (10) are equipped with shaft (29), and uniformly installed in shaft (29) There is a weeding idler wheel (8), third stepper motor (30), and are installed on the first mounting bracket (10) at shaft (29) position The output terminal of three stepper motors (30) is fixedly connected by shaft coupling with one end of shaft (29), and the riser (14) is far from second The sidewall upper of mounting bracket (13) side is hinged with the first electric telescopic rod (12), and the output terminal of the first electric telescopic rod (12) It is fixedly connected with the upper surface of the first mounting bracket (10), the top of the riser (14) is equipped with arc lamp bracket (15), and arc Headlamp (16) is uniformly installed on the inner wall of lamp bracket (15), the both ends for being transversely mounted plate (22) are equipped with sliding block (19), Second mounting bracket (13) both sides inner wall is equipped with the sliding slot (21) that matches with sliding block (19), under drill bit (11) outer surface End is uniformly provided with tapered protrusion (20), and the top of the drill bit (11) is equipped with external screw thread (32), the transverse direction at drill bit (11) position Installing plate (22) is internally provided with the internal thread to match with external screw thread (32), and the bottom of the pedestal (9) is equipped with universal wheel (7), and the inside of universal wheel (7) is equipped with disc brake sheet and protective layer.
CN201711453500.0A 2017-12-28 2017-12-28 A kind of agricultural weeding equipment Pending CN108156942A (en)

Priority Applications (1)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
CN201711453500.0A CN108156942A (en) 2017-12-28 2017-12-28 A kind of agricultural weeding equipment

Applications Claiming Priority (1)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
CN201711453500.0A CN108156942A (en) 2017-12-28 2017-12-28 A kind of agricultural weeding equipment

Publications (1)

Publication Number Publication Date
CN108156942A true CN108156942A (en) 2018-06-15

Family

ID=62518859

Family Applications (1)

Application Number Title Priority Date Filing Date
CN201711453500.0A Pending CN108156942A (en) 2017-12-28 2017-12-28 A kind of agricultural weeding equipment

Country Status (1)

Country Link
CN (1) CN108156942A (en)

Cited By (3)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
CN110608915A (en) * 2019-09-24 2019-12-24 安徽省天之泽工程科技有限公司 Environmental protection engineering is with detecting soil sampling device
CN113853934A (en) * 2021-11-03 2021-12-31 张家口市农业科学院(河北省高寒作物研究所) Wheat crop weeding device
CN114775534A (en) * 2022-05-26 2022-07-22 中国科学院生态环境研究中心 River course slope protection equipment for water ecological restoration and slope protection method thereof

Cited By (5)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
CN110608915A (en) * 2019-09-24 2019-12-24 安徽省天之泽工程科技有限公司 Environmental protection engineering is with detecting soil sampling device
CN110608915B (en) * 2019-09-24 2022-06-21 安徽省天之泽工程科技有限公司 Environmental protection engineering is with detecting soil sampling device
CN113853934A (en) * 2021-11-03 2021-12-31 张家口市农业科学院(河北省高寒作物研究所) Wheat crop weeding device
CN113853934B (en) * 2021-11-03 2022-11-15 张家口市农业科学院(河北省高寒作物研究所) Wheat crop weeding device
CN114775534A (en) * 2022-05-26 2022-07-22 中国科学院生态环境研究中心 River course slope protection equipment for water ecological restoration and slope protection method thereof

Similar Documents

Publication Publication Date Title
CN108156942A (en) A kind of agricultural weeding equipment
CN107432197B (en) Garden shrub trimming device
CN209339209U (en) A kind of garden layout furrow making dveice
CN206784293U (en) A kind of hand propelled gardens sprinkling truck
CN210808610U (en) Municipal garden irrigation equipment with adjustable
CN207995770U (en) A kind of environmental protection gardens watering device
CN108184400A (en) A kind of landscape garden Deep-ditch manuring device
CN208724593U (en) A kind of gardens, which are saved water and energy, uses irrigation rig
CN209268257U (en) Irrigation rig is used in a kind of plantation of pear tree
CN205454782U (en) Supplementary types of medicine afforestation trimming means that spouts
CN209677017U (en) A kind of energy saving irrigation rig of forestry
CN211297609U (en) Gardens are with sprinkler that loosens soil
CN214126374U (en) Water-saving sprinkling irrigation device
CN109013141A (en) A kind of municipal administration trees protection mopping device
CN216567525U (en) Ficus growth irrigation equipment
CN215380418U (en) China fir seedling temporary storage device for water and soil loss restoration
CN208850238U (en) A kind of green plant body pruning tool in municipal administration gardens
CN218772897U (en) Green seeder that plants
CN206875293U (en) A kind of Road lamp for garden with A rotary flower pot
CN217161643U (en) Novel regulation formula municipal landscape pergola
CN220986532U (en) Soil turning device for orchard soil remediation
CN205389354U (en) Flowerpot is with device of digging
CN216856111U (en) Automatic change dust device for building engineering construction
CN220235642U (en) Gardens maintenance water jet equipment
CN210302935U (en) Dust collecting equipment for building engineering

Legal Events

Date Code Title Description
PB01 Publication
PB01 Publication
WD01 Invention patent application deemed withdrawn after publication
WD01 Invention patent application deemed withdrawn after publication

Application publication date: 20180615