CN108153948A - A kind of specific length determining method of brown coal drying pipe - Google Patents
A kind of specific length determining method of brown coal drying pipe Download PDFInfo
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Abstract
The invention discloses a kind of specific length determining method of brown coal drying pipe, by establishing brown coal drying model in drying tube；Obtain lignite physical property of particle parameter and dried medium parameter；Dry heat smoke amount and exiting flue gas water capacity are calculated by the conservation of energy；Extrapolate speed of the lignite particle in each section of downlink drying tube；Consider desiccated balance time and grain size square between linear relationship, obtain residence time of the lignite particle in drying tube；The specific pipe range of downlink drying tube for different types of coal is calculated, formula is determined by dry length of tube, pipe range needed for accurate brown coal drying can be obtained, improves precision, prevent brown coal drying incomplete or over-drying leads to Volatile.
Description
Technical field
The invention belongs to coal-fired power generator set field, the pulverized coal preparation system and combustion system for being related to lignite-fired plant boiler are led
Domain more particularly to a kind of specific length determining method of brown coal drying pipe.
Background technology
Lignite is a kind of fossil energy of rich reserves, accounts for about the 40% of world's coal resources gross reserves, and often have
The advantages of buried depth is shallow, cost of winning is low.The lignite resource rich reserves in China, it is widely distributed, but it is limited by the height of lignite
Moisture, it is relatively low to the producing level of lignite resource.High moisture content not only seriously reduces the calorific value of lignite, increases fortune
Defeated expense, and bring the problem of many to the application of lignite.Therefore, using needing that it is dried at upgrading before lignite
Reason, the moisture of removal wherein 60~70%, improves the calorific value of its unit mass, improves its fuel characteristic.But due to lignite simultaneously
Have the characteristics that volatile matter content is high, in the drying process of lignite, if dry excessive, volatile matter ingredient may occur greatly
Amount is precipitated, and generates the danger of explosion of Coal Pulverizing System.In order to efficiently and safely using lignite resource, solve the drying and dehydrating of lignite
Problem is basic prerequisite condition.
In coal burning power unit, the drying process of coal is mainly what is completed in pulverized coal preparation system.In China, use brown
The power plant of coal is mostly ground coal dust using blower mill, and accordingly coal dust is done equipped with three medium drying systems
It is dry, belong to typical closed system.China《Thermal power plant pulverized coal preparation system design computing technique regulation》(DL/T 5145—
2005) it is provided in：When using high water content brown coal, preferably using the second medium or three medium conducts that high (low) warm flue gas mixes with hot wind
Drier.Wherein, three medium drying systems refer to by the use of high-temperature flue gas, low-temperature furnace smoke and hot wind as dried medium, to passing through wind
The system that the lignite particle of fan coal pulverizer grinding is dried.This system has the temperature range of each dried medium certain want
It asks：High-temperature flue gas is generally at 1050~1155 DEG C, and hot blast temperature is generally at 250~350 DEG C, and low-temperature flue gas is generally 80~170
℃.The low-temperature flue gas and hot wind for high-temperature flue gas and the back-end ductwork extraction extracted out from burner hearth top are mixed in blending tank,
Lignite is delivered to downlink drying tube from the coal conveyer belt of feeder, and dried medium in the same direction does lignite in downlink drying tube
It is dry.In drying process, since the water content of lignite is different, dried medium temperature will also adjust therewith, high/low temperature stove cigarette and hot wind
Shared ratio is also just different.
Brown moisture in coal existence form can be divided into three kinds：Appearance water, capillary water and with reference to water.The removing of brown moisture in coal and
Because being known as important relationship, fair current and adverse current between dried medium and dried material are transported for granularmetric composition, coal, coal petrography composition of coal etc.
Dynamic that rate of drying can be had an impact, the property of dried medium in itself such as thickness of temperature, flow velocity and coal sample etc. all can be to dry
Dry rate has an impact.
At present in the boiler relevant criterion of the country of China and Research Literature, not to three medium drying system downlink of fan mill
Drying tube Design of length method is discussed in detail, cause all the time for downlink drying length of tube design be substantially with
Experience is as foundation, without a specific design standard.But drying process of the lignite particle in downlink drying tube is with being
The safety and reliability of system is seriously related：If the design of downlink drying tube is long, easily make brown coal drying excessive, not only coal meeting
Ashing, and volatile matter can largely be precipitated, and easily explode；If the design of downlink drying tube is too short, brown coal drying does not fill
Point, the boiler entirety thermal efficiency is influenced, economy can be reduced.
Invention content
In order to solve the problems in the prior art, the present invention proposes a kind of specific length determining method of brown coal drying pipe, energy
It accesses pipe range needed for accurate brown coal drying, improves precision, prevent brown coal drying incomplete or over-drying cause to volatilize
It analyzes.
In order to achieve the goal above, the technical solution adopted in the present invention is：
A kind of specific length determining method of brown coal drying pipe, includes the following steps：
Step 1：Establish lignite particle drying process model in drying tube；
Step 2：Obtain lignite physical property of particle parameter and dried medium parameter；
Step 3：Parameter in step 2 calculates drying heat smoke amount by the conservation of energy and drying tube exports
Humidity of flue gas；
Step 4：By Step 2: three determine the lignite particle speed in drying tube different phase；
Step 5：It determines the empirical equation between desiccated balance time and grain size, obtains lignite particle in drying tube
Residence time；
Step 6：The time that the different phase speed and step 5 obtained according to step 4 obtains show that calculating downlink does
The formula of dry pipe pipe range calculates drying tube pipe range.
Further, the step 1 drying process model include preheating and drying segment model, constant speed evaporation drying segment model and
Reduction of speed evaporation drying segment model.
Further, drying heat smoke amount and exiting flue gas water capacity are calculated by the conservation of energy in the step 3,
The middle conservation of energy includes conservation of matter and heat balance, solves drying heat smoke amount by following formula and drying tube exiting flue gas contains
Moisture：
G0(ω1-ω2)=L (Y2-Y1)；
LI1-G0(cm+4.186ω1)tm1=LI2-G0(cm+4.186ω2)tm2
Wherein, G0Represent pulverized coal mass flow, unit kg/h；I1, I2Represent disengaging drying tube gas heat content, unit is
kW/(m3·k)；L represents the dry heat smoke scale of construction, unit kg/h；cmRepresent specific heat capacity, unit is kJ/ (kg DEG C)；
ω1, ω2Represent the water capacity of coal dust disengaging drier, unit %；tm1, tm2Represent temperature during coal dust disengaging drier, unit
For DEG C；Y1, Y2Represent disengaging drier air moisture content, unit kg/kg.
Further, the empirical equation in the step 5 between desiccated balance time and grain size is：
Wherein T is temperature, and τ is the time, T1For initial temperature, T0For equilibrium temperature, A is by testing determining constant, different-grain diameter
The numerical value of lower A is basically unchanged, and is grain diameter for 3.3, d.
Further, in the step 4 each section of drying tube speed, it is specific as follows：
Particle is in the speed of preheating section：Temperature of charge is calculated from t from equation of heat balancem1It is increased to wet-bulb temperature twIt is required
Want flue gas heat Q1；
Q1=G0(cm+4.186ω1)(tw-tm1)；
Wherein：twRepresent pulverized coal particle wet-bulb temperature, unit for DEG C, from Q1Preheating end of tape gas temperature t is sought, this is obtained
Gas mean temperature t in sectionave, and then reynolds number Re is calculated, Q1=L × cp×(t1-t)；
Wherein, t1, t2Represent air disengaging dry gas temperature, unit is DEG C；Re represents Reynolds number；ρ represents density, single
Position is kg/m3；Dp represents pulverized coal particle diameter, unit m；vmIt represents the initial velocity of material, takes vm=0.
Heat transfer correlations between the gas-particle two-phase obtained by integration are substituted into, so as to which counter push away is requiring to give heat Q1When have Reynolds number
The numerical value of Re to Re '；
Wherein：ArRepresent the quasi- number of Archimedes；A represents heat transfer surface area, unit possessed by particle in drier volume
For m2/m3；λ represents thermal conductivity, and unit is kW/ (mK)；μ represents dynamic viscosity, Pas；
ByObtain corresponding particle speed vg；
Particle is in the speed of constant speed evaporator section (surface evaporation)：According to the empirically determined reduction of speed evaporator section material of actual motion
Water capacity is by w to w, required heat Q '2, it is segmented and is calculated using pneumatic conveying drying, using every section of exit condition as next section
Entry condition；
L1·cp(t-t ')=G0(w1-w)[qm+1.88(t′-tm)]
Wherein, qmFor in tmWhen vaporization potential, t ' be in moisture content w air temperature, unit for DEG C；
From Q '2Corresponding gas temperature t when material water capacity is obtained as w, and then obtain temperature on average t in the sectionaveIt is and flat
Equal humidity Yave, thus can determine gas physical data, this section of starting point reynolds number Re numerical value be obtained；
Wherein (△ t)mFor average temperature difference of conducting heat, unit is DEG C；
V in formulamAs lignite particle constant speed evaporator section speed；
Particle is in the speed of reduction of speed evaporator section：According to the empirically determined reduction of speed evaporator section material water capacity of actual motion by w
To institute calorific requirement Q between w '3', by Q3' seek gas temperature on average t in the sectionaveAnd medial humidity Yave, determine that other physical is normal
Number obtains this section sedimentation Reynolds number RetWith speed vt；
L1·cp(t-t ')=G0(w-w′)[r+1.88(t′-tm)]
Wherein vtFor pulverized coal particle sinking speed.
Further, in the step 6 downlink drying tube length, by drying time for being obtained in step 5 and every section
Particle sinking speed determines
The specific length determining method of brown coal drying pipe of the present invention, by establishing brown coal drying model in drying tube；It obtains brown
Coal particle physical parameter and dried medium parameter；Dry heat smoke amount and exiting flue gas water capacity are calculated by the conservation of energy；
Extrapolate speed of the lignite particle in each section of downlink drying tube；Consider desiccated balance time and grain size square between linear pass
System, obtains residence time of the lignite particle in drying tube；The specific pipe range of downlink drying tube for different types of coal is calculated, is passed through
Dry length of tube determines formula, can obtain pipe range needed for accurate brown coal drying, improves precision, prevents brown coal drying incomplete
Or over-drying lead to Volatile.
Description of the drawings
The flow chart of Fig. 1 present invention
Fig. 2 brown coal drying process segment curve graphs of the present invention
Specific embodiment
The present invention is further explained with reference to specific embodiment and Figure of description.
As shown in Figure 1, the specific length determining method of brown coal drying pipe of the present invention, includes the following steps：
Step 1：Establish lignite particle drying process model in drying tube；
Lignite particle drying procedures model is：(1) preheating and drying section (2) constant speed evaporation drying section (3) reduction of speed evaporation drying
Section；
Step 2：Obtain lignite physical property of particle parameter and dried medium parameter；
Step 3：Parameter in step 2 calculates dry heat smoke amount and exiting flue gas containing wet by the conservation of energy
Amount；
The conservation of energy includes conservation of matter and heat balance：
G0(ω1-ω2)=L (Y2-Y1)；
LI1-G0(cm+4.186ω1)tm1=LI2-G0(cm+4.186ω2)tm2
Wherein, G0Represent pulverized coal mass flow, unit kg/h；I1, I2Represent disengaging drying tube gas heat content, unit is
kW/(m3·k)；L represents the dry heat smoke scale of construction, unit kg/h；cmRepresent specific heat capacity, unit is kJ/ (kg DEG C)；
ω1, ω2Represent the water capacity of coal dust disengaging drier, unit %；tm1, tm2Represent temperature during coal dust disengaging drier, unit
For DEG C；Y1, Y2Represent disengaging drier air moisture content, unit kg/kg.
Step 4：By Step 2: three determine the lignite particle speed in drying tube different phase；
Particle is in the speed of preheating section：Temperature of charge is calculated from t from equation of heat balancem1It is increased to wet-bulb temperature twIt is required
Want flue gas heat Q1；
Q1=G0(cm+4.186ω1)(tw-tm1)；
Wherein：twRepresent pulverized coal particle wet-bulb temperature, unit for DEG C, from Q1Preheating end of tape gas temperature t is sought, this is obtained
Gas mean temperature t in sectionave, and then reynolds number Re is calculated,
Q1=L × cp×(t1-t)；
Wherein, t1, t2Represent air disengaging dry gas temperature, unit is DEG C；Re represents Reynolds number；ρ represents density, single
Position is kg/m3；Dp represents pulverized coal particle diameter, unit m；vmIt represents the initial velocity of material, takes vm=0.
Heat transfer correlations between the gas-particle two-phase obtained by integration are substituted into, so as to which counter push away is requiring to give heat Q1When have Reynolds number
The numerical value of Re to Re '.
Wherein：ArRepresent the quasi- number of Archimedes；A represents heat transfer surface area, unit possessed by particle in drier volume
For m2/m3；λ represents thermal conductivity, and unit is kW/ (mK)；μ represents dynamic viscosity, Pas；
ByObtain corresponding particle speed vg。
Particle is in the speed of constant speed evaporator section (surface evaporation)：According to the empirically determined reduction of speed evaporator section material of actual motion
Water capacity is by w to w, required heat Q '2, it is segmented and is calculated using pneumatic conveying drying, using every section of exit condition as next section
Entry condition.
L1·cp(t-t ')=G0(w1-w)[qm+1.88(t′-tm)]
Wherein, qmFor in tmWhen vaporization potential, t ' be in moisture content w air temperature, unit for DEG C.
From Q '2Corresponding gas temperature t when material water capacity is obtained as w, and then obtain temperature on average t in the sectionaveIt is and flat
Equal humidity Yave, thus can determine gas physical data, this section of starting point reynolds number Re numerical value be obtained.
Wherein (△ t)mFor average temperature difference of conducting heat, unit is DEG C.
V in formulamAs lignite particle constant speed evaporator section speed.
Particle is in the speed of reduction of speed evaporator section：According to the empirically determined reduction of speed evaporator section material water capacity of actual motion by w
To institute calorific requirement Q between w '3', by Q3' seek gas temperature on average t in the sectionaveAnd medial humidity Yave, determine that other physical is normal
Number obtains this section sedimentation Reynolds number RetWith speed vt。
L1·cp(t-t ')=G0(w-w′)[r+1.88(t′-tm)]
Wherein vtThat is pulverized coal particle sinking speed.
Step 5：It determines the empirical equation between desiccated balance time and grain size, obtains lignite particle in drying tube
Residence time；
Consider desiccated balance time and grain size square between linear relationship, specially：
Wherein T be temperature, T1For initial temperature, T0For equilibrium temperature, A is parameter, and d is grain diameter.
Step 6：The time that the different phase speed and step 5 obtained according to step 4 obtains show that calculating downlink does
The formula of dry pipe pipe range calculates pipe range.
The formula of downlink drying tube pipe range, specially：
Wherein, L represents downlink drying length of tube, m；η represents coal particle dehydration rate, unit %；MoutIt represents outside As-received
Water content, unit %；MtRepresent the full water content of As-received, unit %；R1Represent that equivalent diameter is more than the particle fraction of 1mm,
Unit is %；R3Represent that equivalent diameter is more than the particle fraction of 3mm, unit %.
In the drying process, since material always has certain geometric dimension size, even if coal dust is very thin, from microcosmic
The particle of certain size can be regarded as, heat and mass transfer process is between thermal current and material particles and in material particles in practice
The mechanism in portion is different, on drying theory just by heat and mass transfer process be divided into thermal current and surface of material heat and mass transfer process and
Heat and mass transfer process inside material.The entire drying process of material is affected due to the difference of both processes, the two exists
Different drying stages play different leading and effect of contractions, and previous stage is always with very fast when resulting in general wet stock drying
And the speed stablized carries out, and the latter half is then with slower and slower speed progress.As shown in Fig. 2, the dehydration according to material
Entire dehydration has been divided into preheating section, constant speed evaporator section and reduction of speed evaporator section by rule, point of material moisture between each section
Boundary's point is Xin, Xa and Xb respectively.Fig. 2 illustrates lignite particle during entire drying and dehydrating, with the increasing of dry length of tube
Add the relationship between the water content of material and temperature.
The above is the preferred embodiment of the present invention, passes through above description content, the related work of the art
Personnel can carry out various improvement and replacement under the premise of without departing from the technology of the present invention principle, these improve and replace
It should be regarded as protection scope of the present invention.
Claims (6)
1. a kind of specific length determining method of brown coal drying pipe, it is characterised in that include the following steps：
Step 1：Establish lignite particle drying process model in drying tube；
Step 2：Obtain lignite physical property of particle parameter and dried medium parameter；
Step 3：Parameter in step 2 calculates drying heat smoke amount and drying tube exiting flue gas by the conservation of energy
Water capacity；
Step 4：By Step 2: three determine the lignite particle speed in drying tube different phase；
Step 5：It determines the empirical equation between desiccated balance time and grain size, obtains stop of the lignite particle in drying tube
Time；
Step 6：The time that the different phase speed and step 5 obtained according to step 4 obtains obtains and calculates downlink drying tube
The formula of pipe range calculates drying tube pipe range.
2. a kind of specific length determining method of brown coal drying pipe according to claim 1, it is characterised in that：The step 1
Drying process model includes preheating and drying segment model, constant speed evaporation drying segment model and reduction of speed evaporation drying segment model.
3. a kind of specific length determining method of brown coal drying pipe according to claim 1, it is characterised in that：The step 3
In drying heat smoke amount and exiting flue gas water capacity calculated by the conservation of energy, wherein the conservation of energy includes conservation of matter and heat
Amount balance solves dry heat smoke amount and drying tube exiting flue gas water capacity by following formula：
G0(ω1-ω2)=L (Y2-Y1)；
LI1-G0(cm+4.186ω1)tm1=LI2-G0(cm+4.186ω2)tm2
Wherein, G0Represent pulverized coal mass flow；I1, I2Represent disengaging drying tube gas heat content；L represents the dry heat smoke scale of construction；
cmRepresent specific heat capacity；ω1, ω2Represent the water capacity of coal dust disengaging drier；tm1, tm2Represent temperature during coal dust disengaging drier；
Y1, Y2Represent disengaging drier air moisture content.
4. a kind of specific length determining method of brown coal drying pipe according to claim 1, it is characterised in that：The step 5
Empirical equation between middle desiccated balance time and grain size is：
Wherein T is temperature, and τ is the time, T1For initial temperature, T0For equilibrium temperature, A is the A under different-grain diameter by testing determining constant
Numerical value be basically unchanged, be 3.3, d be grain diameter.
5. a kind of specific length determining method of brown coal drying pipe according to claim 2, it is characterised in that：The step 4
The speed of middle each section of drying tube, it is specific as follows：
Particle is in the speed of preheating section：Temperature of charge is calculated from t from equation of heat balancem1It is increased to wet-bulb temperature twRequired cigarette
Gas heat Q1；
Q1=G0(cm+4.186ω1)(tw-tm1)；
Wherein：twRepresent pulverized coal particle wet-bulb temperature, unit for DEG C, from Q1Preheating end of tape gas temperature t is sought, is obtained in the section
Gas mean temperature tave, and then reynolds number Re is calculated, Q1=L × cp×(t1-t)；
Wherein, t1, t2Represent air disengaging dry gas temperature；Re represents Reynolds number；ρ represents density；Dp represents that pulverized coal particle is straight
Diameter, unit m；vmIt represents the initial velocity of material, takes vm=0；
Heat transfer correlations between the gas-particle two-phase obtained by integration are substituted into, so as to which counter push away is requiring to give heat Q1When there is reynolds number Re to arrive
The numerical value of Re '；
Wherein：ArRepresent the quasi- number of Archimedes；A represents heat transfer surface area possessed by particle in drier volume, unit m2/
m3；λ represents thermal conductivity；μ represents dynamic viscosity；
ByObtain corresponding particle speed vg；
Particle is in the speed of constant speed evaporator section：According to the empirically determined reduction of speed evaporator section material water capacity of actual motion by w to w,
Between required heat Q '2, it is segmented and is calculated using pneumatic conveying drying, using every section of exit condition as next section of entry condition；
L1·cp(t-t ')=G0(w1-w)[qm+1.88(t′-tm)]
Wherein, qmFor in tmWhen vaporization potential, t ' be in moisture content w air temperature；
From Q '2Corresponding gas temperature t when material water capacity is obtained as w, and then obtain temperature on average t in the sectionaveAnd medial humidity
Yave, thus can determine gas physical data, this section of starting point reynolds number Re numerical value be obtained；
Wherein (△ t)mFor average temperature difference of conducting heat；
V in formulamAs lignite particle constant speed evaporator section speed；
Particle is in the speed of reduction of speed evaporator section：According to the empirically determined reduction of speed evaporator section material water capacity of actual motion by w to w '
Between institute calorific requirement Q3', by Q3' seek gas temperature on average t in the sectionaveAnd medial humidity Yave, determine other physical constant, obtain
Go out this section sedimentation Reynolds number RetWith speed vt；
L1·cp(t-t ')=G0(w-w′)[r+1.88(t′-tm)]
Wherein vtFor pulverized coal particle sinking speed.
6. a kind of specific length determining method of brown coal drying pipe according to claim 1, it is characterised in that：The step 6
The length of middle downlink drying tube is determined by drying time for being obtained in step 5 and every section of particle sinking speed.
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