CN204739580U - Superheated steam drying powder process type coal fired boiler unit and power generation system - Google Patents
Superheated steam drying powder process type coal fired boiler unit and power generation system Download PDFInfo
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- CN204739580U CN204739580U CN201420677553.6U CN201420677553U CN204739580U CN 204739580 U CN204739580 U CN 204739580U CN 201420677553 U CN201420677553 U CN 201420677553U CN 204739580 U CN204739580 U CN 204739580U
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- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
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- Y02E—REDUCTION OF GREENHOUSE GAS [GHG] EMISSIONS, RELATED TO ENERGY GENERATION, TRANSMISSION OR DISTRIBUTION
- Y02E20/00—Combustion technologies with mitigation potential
- Y02E20/34—Indirect CO2mitigation, i.e. by acting on non CO2directly related matters of the process, e.g. pre-heating or heat recovery
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- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
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- Y02P80/00—Climate change mitigation technologies for sector-wide applications
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Abstract
The utility model provides a superheated steam drying powder process type coal fired boiler unit and power generation system, include: the powder process subsystem contains: the vapour powder generates drying device, vapour powder separator, drier formation device, boiler host computer subsystem contains: burner hearth, stove inner flue, coal burner, send whitewashed subsystem, contain: machine supplying powder, wind powder blender, wind mixing chamber, the air heater who lies in stove inner flue afterbody, and forced draught blower, and exhaust steam water recovery subsystem, contain: utilize environment cold wind to carry out the exhaust steam recovery unit that the condensation was retrieved to some of exhaust steam, wherein, the vapour powder separator contain: coal dust collector, drier generate the device and contain: thereby exhaust steam pipeline, exhaust steam circulating line, the flue gas that utilizes the burner hearth to produce heat exhaust steam heater, the superheated steam pipeline that forms as the superheated steam of drier to the exhaust steam of exhaust steam circulating line, and environment cold wind is preheated in exhaust steam water recovery unit obtains temperature wind.
Description
Technical field
The utility model relates to coal-burning boiler field, is specifically related to boiler coal-ash preparation, superheat steam drying powder process type coal-burning boiler unit that air-supply powder feeding, coal dust firing, superheat steam drying powder process and moisture in coal reclaim and electricity generation system.
Background technology
China is the country of the few oily deficency of a rich coal, and coal is in core leading position in China's energy supply always, future quite over a long time in, the energy resource structure based on coal can be sustained in China.Current China newly builds a power station still based on coal fired power plant, and the ratio of electric coal in coal total output increases fast.But coal fired power generation also discharges a large amount of pollutants while production electric power, comprises SO
2, flue dust, NO
xand CO
2deng; And the generating net efficiency of China's coal fired power plant is compared with developed country and is still had larger gap.Thus, further improve efficiency of energy utilization thus not only reduced energy resource consumption but also the discharge of decreasing pollution thing, becoming the important task urgent again that China's power industry and even whole national economy realize sustainable development.
In recent years, along with power coal price goes up and the decline gradually of high-quality coal reserves ratio in coal gross reserves fast, the outstanding problem utilizing high water content brown coal combustion power generation to become power industry to show great attention to.In worldwide, brown coal account for 40% of world's coal gross reserves, China's brown coal reserves 2,900 hundred million tons, account for 16% of domestic coal gross reserves.Brown coal are coals that degree of coalification is minimum, have that moisture is high, volatile matter is high, calorific value is low, a feature such as the easy spontaneous combustion of easy-weathering in atmosphere, so be difficult to storage, and also unsuitable long-distance transportation.3/4 of China's brown coal are distributed in the Inner Mongol and the Northeast, and these brown coal total moistures, 25 ~ 40%, belong to old brown coal; All the other brown coal are mainly distributed in Yunnan Province, and these brown coal total moistures, 40 ~ 60%, containing wood fibre, belong to young brown coal; And the external moisture as state's brown coal such as Australia, Germany, Serbia, Indonesia is higher, can up to 70%.
The main path that current brown coal utilize is by electric power stations near coal-mines combustion power generation, brown coal and bituminous coal fired boiler many employings unit pulverized-coal system, is generally using stove cigarette and hot blast mixture or hot blast as pulverized coal preparation system drier; Meager coal and anthracite many employings bin storage type pulverizing system are generally using hot blast as pulverized coal preparation system drier.But compared with conventional bituminous coal fired boiler, these boiler using brown coal thermals efficiency are low, the large price of volume is high, greenhouse gas emissions are also larger.And, for high water content brown coal, unit pulverized-coal system is adopted to make in boiler First air containing the inert media such as a large amount of stove cigarette and water vapour, in addition fire box temperature is low again, high water content brown coal is made to there is outstanding combustion instability problem, cause boiler to be difficult to run safely and reliably, this seriously constrains effective utilization of domestic and international high water content brown coal.Meanwhile, because brown coal reactivity is high, brown coal coal dust is inflammable and explosive, and the burning of brown coal pulverized coal preparation system and explosion issues are also outstanding problems always perplexing lignite-fired unit safe and reliable operation for a long time.
In addition, the coal prognostic reserves being positioned at Xinjiang of China In The Eastern Junggar Basin " accurate eastern coalfield " reach 3,900 hundred million tons, are the maximum self-contained coalfields of China.Accurate eastern coal is except caloric value comparatively brown coal height, and other coal characteristic is similar to brown coal, also has moisture high (22 ~ 32%), volatile matter is high, ash fusion point is low, abrasiveness is low and the feature of easy spontaneous combustion.The large-sized station boiler that the exploitation of eastern coal aimed at by current pin in the industry all adopts unit pulverized-coal system, therefore for ensureing smooth combustion in pulverized coal preparation system drying capacity and stove, boiler all have employed very high hot blast temperature and primary air ratio.The result caused thus is the exhaust gas temperature general higher (exhaust gas temperature is generally more than 140 DEG C) of these accurate eastern coal burning boilers, correspondingly cause boiler thermal output and unit generation efficiency all lower; And too high primary air ratio makes low NO in stove
xorganizing of burning is comparatively difficult, i.e. NO in furnace outlet flue gas
xcontent is comparatively large, which increases pressure and the cost of the follow-up denitrating flue gas of boiler.
Further, in the boiler of burning high-moisture coal, burnt by combustible in coal in a large number and liberated heat is consumed in moisture in coal and is evaporated to water vapour, because these moisture are finally discharge boiler with Properties of Steam, quite a few causing the actual heat release of fuel is wasted.Thus, it is huge that existing high-moisture coal-burning boiler often shows as Coal-fired capacity, and the pollutant emission of unit generated energy is also obviously higher.If with the high calorific power characterizing the actual thermal discharge of fuel for benchmark boiler thermal output, the thermal efficiency of high-moisture coal-burning boiler is significantly lower than general low moisture coal-burning boiler.
On the other hand, China's brown coal major production areas (Eastern Inner Mongolia) and accurate eastern coal producing region (Xinjiang region) are extreme dehydration area.Because fired power generating unit needs to consume large water gaging, water resources shortage has become these areas and has carried out power supply construction of base thus the primary restraining factors developing brown coal and accurate eastern coal resource.Thus, if moisture in coal can be reclaimed, to China's brown coal and accurate eastern coal utilization, there is very important ecological protection meaning.But due to dry flue gas (mainly N a large amount of in stove
2, CO
2and excess dry air) dilution, the water capacity of boiler exhaust gas and aqueous dew point temperature are very low, and this makes by cooling boiler exhaust gas thus moisture in recovered flue gas becomes very difficult.For the in-service 600MW unit of certain combustion total moisture 40% brown coal, its boiler exhaust gas amount is 2800t/h, although containing 270t/h moisture in smoke evacuation, smoke evacuation water dew point only has 53 DEG C (water vapour volume shares 15%).Visible, because dry flue gas amount is huge and water dew point is low, reclaim moisture in smoke evacuation and need huge flue gas cooling heat exchanger and the enough low a large amount of cooling mediums of temperature, this makes to reclaim moisture and water recovery latent heat is very difficult from smoke evacuation, so do not have so far by cooling power station boiler exhaust gas thus realizing the engineer applied of flue gas Water Sproading and heat recovery.
Utility model content
The utility model carries out to solve the problem, object is to provide one to have outstanding Water Sproading benefit and energy-saving benefit, and can also ensure pulverized coal preparation system safe operation and the higher superheat steam drying powder process type coal-burning boiler unit of efficiency of fire coal and electricity generation system.
The utility model provides a kind of superheat steam drying powder process type coal-burning boiler unit, for burning to raw coal, such feature can be had, comprise: powder process subsystem, comprises: for grinding raw coal and carrying out drying by drier to raw coal thus the vapour powder forming vapour powder mixture generates drying device, is separated the vapour powder separator obtaining coal dust and exhaust steam and the drier generating apparatus generating drier to vapour powder mixture, boiler host subsystem, comprises: burner hearth, the stove inner flue be connected with furnace outlet, the coal burner being positioned at burner hearth entry position, air-supply powder feeding subsystem, comprises: be connected with vapour powder separator for the machine supplying powder of pulverized coal conveying, the air and powder mixer be connected with machine supplying powder, the First air mixing chamber be connected with air and powder mixer, be positioned at stove inner flue afterbody air preheater and for providing the pressure fan of cold wind, and exhaust steam Water Sproading subsystem, comprise: be connected with pressure fan and utilize cold wind to carry out the exhaust steam apparatus for recovering of condensation recovery to a part for exhaust steam, wherein, vapour powder separator comprises: carry out separation to vapour powder mixture and obtain coal dust and exhaust steam (exhaust steam: generally the cryogenic gas that Air Dried System is discharged is called weary gas, be accustomed to formulation according to this, in boiler milling system, also often claim the coal pulverizer gas that outlet is discharged to be weary gas, take water vapour as drier and defeated powder medium because of pulverized coal preparation system in the utility model, therefore claim the water vapour in coal pulverizer outlet vapour powder mixture to be exhaust steam) coal collector, drier generating apparatus comprises: the exhaust steam pipeline be connected with coal collector for carrying exhaust steam, be communicated with on exhaust steam pipeline for carrying the exhaust steam circulating line of another part of exhaust steam, the flue gas produced by utilizing burner hearth heats the exhaust steam in exhaust steam circulating line thus forms the exhaust steam heater of the superheated steam as drier, and drier is delivered to the superheat steam pipeline carrying out in vapour powder generation drying device circulating, machine supplying powder is used for pulverized coal conveying to air and powder mixer, air and powder mixer is mixed to get wind powder mixture to from the First air of air-supply powder feeding subsystem and coal dust, exhaust steam in exhaust steam apparatus for recovering is become condensate water by the cold front heavy rain that pressure fan provides, cold wind is obtained warm air by the heat preheating of exhaust steam in exhaust steam apparatus for recovering, air preheater carries out heating to a part for warm air and obtains hot blast, a part for hot blast enters in air and powder mixer as First air with another part of warm air after First air mixing chamber mixes, another part of hot blast directly enters in coal burner as Secondary Air, coal burner burns to the coal dust in wind powder mixture, coal dust and First air, Secondary Air burns and generates flue gas in burner hearth.
In the superheat steam drying powder process type coal-burning boiler unit that the utility model provides, such feature can be had, also comprise: gas cleaning subsystem, export with the afterbody of stove inner flue and be connected, comprise: the deduster connected successively, air-introduced machine, desulfurizer, chimney.
In the superheat steam drying powder process type coal-burning boiler unit that the utility model provides, can also have such feature: wherein, exhaust steam apparatus for recovering comprises: be communicated with the exhaust steam output channel on exhaust steam pipeline, be connected with exhaust steam output channel for exhaust steam being condensed into the air-cooled condenser of condensate water and storing the water collector that reclaims condensate water and be connected with exhaust steam output channel and exhaust steam directly introduced the exhaust steam bypass duct of desulfurizer.
In the superheat steam drying powder process type coal-burning boiler unit that the utility model provides, such feature can also be had: wherein, exhaust steam Water Sproading subsystem also comprises: the residual air conveying device of the residual gas exported for carrying condenser, and residual air conveying device comprises: be connected with the outlet of condenser for the residual air pipeline that residual gas delivered in First air mixing chamber and be connected with residual air pipeline and residual gas is directly introduced desulfurizer residual air bypass duct.
In the superheat steam drying powder process type coal-burning boiler unit that the utility model provides, can also have such feature: wherein, vapour powder generates drying device and also comprises: grind raw coal and form the coal pulverizer of vapour powder mixture with dry and be connected with the outlet of coal pulverizer for being separated the meal in vapour powder mixture and meal being sent back to the mill separator in coal pulverizer.
In the superheat steam drying powder process type coal-burning boiler unit that the utility model provides, can also have such feature: wherein, vapour powder generates drying device and also comprises: be connected with coal collector the Pulverized Coal Bin of storing coal dust.
In the superheat steam drying powder process type coal-burning boiler unit that the utility model provides, such feature can also be had: wherein, vapour powder generates drying device and also comprises: outlet is connected for carrying out the predrying pipe of pre-dried raw coal and steam pipeline to raw coal with the entrance of coal pulverizer, the import of the predrying pipe of raw coal is communicated on superheat steam pipeline by steam pipeline, and superheated steam carries out predrying as predry drying prescription to the raw coal in the predrying pipe of raw coal.
In the superheat steam drying powder process type coal-burning boiler unit that the utility model provides, such feature can also be had: wherein, powder process subsystem also comprises: be connected for carrying the appendix of gas and being located on appendix for controlling to open and close the control valve of appendix with exhaust steam circulating line, appendix is controlled to exhaust steam circulating line conveying gas by control valve, as drier after gas is heated, after Preset Time, control valve controls appendix stopping to exhaust steam circulating line conveying gas.
In the superheat steam drying powder process type coal-burning boiler unit that the utility model provides, such feature can also be had: wherein, gas be in air or industrial inerting gas any one.
In addition, the utility model also provides a kind of electricity generation system, such feature can be had, comprise: superheat steam drying powder process type coal-burning boiler unit and the generating set containing steam turbine, wherein, superheat steam drying powder process type coal-burning boiler unit is above-mentioned superheat steam drying powder process type coal-burning boiler unit.
The effect of utility model and effect
In superheat steam drying powder process type coal-burning boiler unit of the present utility model and electricity generation system, powder process subsystem take superheated steam as the drier of powder process subsystem and the ventilation medium of coal pulverizer, superheated steam is exported by coal pulverizer and adds thermosetting because former moisture in coal evaporates the exhaust steam heater of the circulation exhaust steam formed through being heat medium with the intrasystem flue gas of boiler main loom, superheat steam temperature and flow meet the requirement of powder process subsystem drying capacity and coal pulverizer ventilation respectively, except except the circulation exhaust steam of powder process subsystem Inner eycle work, it is carry out waste heat and Water Sproading by exhaust steam Water Sproading subsystem that the another part produced because former moisture in coal constantly evaporates in powder process subsystem exports exhaust steam.
The utility model take superheated steam as the drier of powder process subsystem, whole powder process subsystem is run under complete inerting atmosphere, ensure that the safe and reliable operation of the high-volatile coal such as brown coal and accurate eastern coal powder process, solve pulverized coal preparation system burning and the explosion issues of long-standing problem brown coal and accurate eastern coal unit safety reliability service.And the inside achieving inertia powder process drier produces and recycling, extra steam, nitrogen production system is not needed in pulverizing process, also do not need to consume other medium such as flue gas, hot blast, make pulverizing process both safe and reliable, flow process is succinctly efficient again.And be pulverized coal preparation system drier with superheated steam, improve the pulverized coal particle particle size uniformity poor bursting caused in a large number by coal grain in the dry and hot-air drying process of stove cigarette in the past, thus contribute to improving coal powder performance, improve Combustion Efficiency of Coal Powder.
The utility model completely with powder process subsystem internal produce water vapour for drier and defeated powder medium, make the Water Sproading of the powder process exhaust steam being almost either pure steam become very easy.The cold wind carried by pressure fan cools exhaust steam as cooling medium in exhaust steam apparatus for recovering, cold wind is preheated formation warm air, warm air finally enters in boiler burns, the latent heat of condensation of a large amount of exhaust steam is effectively utilized by boiler, significantly can improve boiler thermal output thus, the boiler thermal output that coal-fired power station boiler is calculated based on coal-fired low heat valve becomes possibility more than 100%.And exhaust steam apparatus for recovering, realizing the recovery and reuse of the great lot of water resources that waste heat recovery realizes simultaneously, has immeasurable environment protection significance to rich coal water-deficient area especially.
The utility model carries out the separation of vapour powder by coal collector to vapour powder mixture and obtains low moisture coal dust, and coal quantity is significantly improved.This coal dust after drying and upgrading is sent into boiler by uniform temperature air and is burnt, and will there will be no the low combustion instability of in-furnace temperature, low NO
xthe problems such as burning tissues burning difficulty.Meanwhile, adopt pulverized coal carried by hot air that inert gas content in First air is significantly reduced, breeze airflow ignition heat reduces thus, and in First air, oxygen concentration improves.Coefficient result is the combustion stability and the efficiency of combustion that had both improve breeze airflow, also makes the low NOx combustion of breeze airflow organize convenient, thus realizes clean and effective smooth combustion.And, this coal dust after drying and upgrading sends into boiler combustion by the First air in powder feeding subsystem of blowing with uniform temperature, and the moisture from the raw coal that powder process subsystem evaporates no longer enters boiler with powder feeding medium, boiler exhaust gas amount is reduced in a large number, correspondingly exhaust gas temperature also can reduce, finally make boiler exhaust gas heat loss significantly reduce, boiler thermal output significantly improves.
Accompanying drawing explanation
Fig. 1 is the structured flowchart of electricity generation system in the utility model embodiment;
Fig. 2 is the structured flowchart of superheat steam drying powder process type coal-burning boiler unit in the utility model embodiment;
Fig. 3 is the structural representation of superheat steam drying powder process type coal-burning boiler unit in the utility model embodiment;
Fig. 4 is the flow chart of superheat steam drying powder process type coal-burning boiler unit in the utility model embodiment;
Fig. 5 is the block diagram of powder feeding subsystem of blowing in the utility model embodiment; And
Fig. 6 is the block diagram of powder process subsystem in the utility model embodiment.
Detailed description of the invention
The technological means realized to make the utility model, creation characteristic, reach object and effect is easy to understand, following examples relate to superheat steam drying powder process type coal-burning boiler unit to the utility model in conjunction with the accompanying drawings and embodiments and electricity generation system is described in detail.
Fig. 1 is the structured flowchart of electricity generation system in the utility model embodiment.
As shown in Figure 1, electricity generation system 100 comprises: superheat steam drying powder process type coal-burning boiler unit 501, Steam Turbine 502 and generating set 503.
Raw coal enters Steam Turbine 502 at the heat that the burning of superheat steam drying powder process type coal-burning boiler unit 501 produces to the water vapour that water adds thermosetting HTHP and does work, and then drive electrical generators group 503 generates electricity.
Fig. 2 is the structured flowchart of superheat steam drying powder process type coal-burning boiler unit in the utility model embodiment.
As shown in Figure 2, superheat steam drying powder process type coal-burning boiler unit 501, comprising: powder process subsystem 401, boiler host subsystem 402, air-supply powder feeding subsystem 403, exhaust steam Water Sproading subsystem 404 and gas cleaning subsystem 405.
First air and Secondary Air is formed respectively after air-supply powder feeding subsystem 403 and exhaust steam Water Sproading subsystem 404 pairs of cold wind 2 process, wherein, the coal dust that First air and powder process subsystem 401 pairs of raw coal 1 grind formation mixes in rear feeding boiler host subsystem 402 by a certain percentage, the Secondary Air of air-supply powder feeding subsystem 403 then directly enters in boiler host subsystem 402 and participates in burning, in powder process subsystem 401, isolated a part of exhaust steam is transported to exhaust steam Water Sproading subsystem 404 and carries out Water Sproading, exhaust steam is recovered after being condensed into condensate water and recycles, and heat (namely in exhaust steam, water recovery heat release) preheating is carried out to cold wind 2, heat in water vapour is fully utilized.Another part exhaust steam is become superheated steam by from the flue gas in boiler host subsystem 402, enters in powder process subsystem 401 afterwards as drier.The flue gas of boiler host subsystem 402 enter gas cleaning subsystem 405 be cleaned after discharged to air.
Fig. 3 is the structural representation of superheat steam drying powder process type coal-burning boiler unit in the utility model embodiment.
As shown in Figure 3, powder process subsystem 401 comprises: vapour powder generates drying device, drier generating apparatus, vapour powder separator.Vapour powder generation drying device is used for grinding raw coal 1 and the drier utilizing drier generating apparatus to generate carries out drying to raw coal 1 thus forms vapour powder mixture, primary mixture is separated after entering vapour powder separator obtains coal dust and exhaust steam, gained coal dust can be stored or directly be sent into burning in boiler host subsystem 402, the major part of gained exhaust steam is as the drier of powder process subsystem 401 and ventilation medium in the work of powder process subsystem 401 Inner eycle, and another part exhaust steam is recycled after being condensed into condensate water by exhaust steam Water Sproading subsystem 404.
Vapour powder generates drying device and comprises: run coal bin 5, feeder 6, coal pulverizer 7, mill separator 8.Vapour powder separator comprises: powder process pipeline 9, coal collector 10, Pulverized Coal Bin 11.Drier generating apparatus comprises: exhaust steam pipeline 30, exhaust steam blower fan 31, exhaust steam output channel 36, exhaust steam heater 33, superheat steam pipeline 34, booster fan 35, appendix 52, control valve 51.Exhaust steam heater 28 utilizes the heat from the flue gas in boiler host subsystem 402 to heat to circulation exhaust steam (namely, water vapour) superheated steam obtained as drier.
Boiler host subsystem 402 obtains water vapour 61 comprise for carrying out heating to water 60: boiler main frame 24, coal burner 23.The stove inner flue (not shown in FIG.) that boiler main frame 24 comprises burner hearth (not shown in FIG.) and is connected with burner hearth outlet flue.Burner hearth is used for making coal dust and the heat release of air Thorough combustion and produces flue gas, the heat of the water wall absorption flue gas of burner hearth circumference thus make flue gas temperature of hearth outlet within suitable scope, is furnished with the exhaust steam heater 33 of carbonated drink heating surface, air preheater and the present embodiment in the flue that furnace outlet is later.Certainly, under the prerequisite that can ensure heating surface safe operation, exhaust steam heater 33 also can be arranged in burner hearth.
Air-supply powder feeding subsystem 403 comprises: machine supplying powder 12, pressure fan 14, warm air pipeline 55, air preheater 15, Secondary Air hot air duct 16, First air hot air duct 17, warm air bypass duct 18, First air mixing chamber 19, First air booster fan 20, First air pipeline 21, powder feeding pipes 22, air and powder mixer 13.Form warm air after air-cooled condenser 37 pairs of cold wind 2 carry out preheating, then air preheater 15 pairs of warm airs heat further and obtain hot blast.
Exhaust steam Water Sproading subsystem 404 comprises: exhaust steam apparatus for recovering and residual air conveying device.Exhaust steam apparatus for recovering comprises: exhaust steam output channel 36, air-cooled condenser 37, exhaust steam bypass duct 41, water collector 40.Residual air conveying device comprises: air ejector 38, residual air pipeline 39 and residual air bypass duct 42.
Gas cleaning subsystem 405 comprises: deduster 25, smoke discharging pipe 26, air-introduced machine 27, desulfurizer 28 and chimney 29.
The annexation of superheat steam drying powder process type coal-burning boiler unit 501 entirety:
Run coal bin 5, feeder 6, coal pulverizer 7, powder process pipeline 9 and coal collector 10 connect in turn, mill separator 8 is located at the top of coal pulverizer 7 and is connected with coal pulverizer 7, the venthole of coal collector 10 is connected with one end of exhaust steam pipeline 30, the coal outlet of coal collector 10 is connected with the import of Pulverized Coal Bin 11, the outlet of Pulverized Coal Bin 11 is connected with machine supplying powder 12, machine supplying powder 12 is connected with the powder inlet of air and powder mixer 13, the outlet of air and powder mixer 13 is connected with one end of powder feeding pipes 22, and the other end of powder feeding pipes 22 is connected with coal burner 23.Stove inner flue is connected with the outlet of burner hearth, air preheater 15 is positioned at the afterbody of stove inner flue, the flue gas that exhaust steam heater 33 utilizes burner hearth to produce is as heat medium, exhaust steam heater 33 can be positioned at the afterbody of stove inner flue as shown in Figure 3, also can by fume extraction device by burner hearth flue gas extract out thus be arranged in burner hearth (or stove inner flue) outward.
Air-cooled condenser 37 has refrigerant inlet and refrigerant exit, pressure fan 14 outlet is connected with the refrigerant inlet of air-cooled condenser 37, the refrigerant exit of air-cooled condenser 37 is connected with one end of warm air pipeline 55, the other end of warm air pipeline 55 is connected with the air side import of air preheater 15 and is connected with one end of warm air bypass duct 18, and the air side outlet of air preheater 15 is connected with the air inlet of coal burner 23 with First air mixing chamber 19 with First air hot air duct 17 respectively by Secondary Air hot air duct 16.The other end of warm air bypass duct 18 is connected with the air inlet of First air mixing chamber 19, and First air mixing chamber 19 is connected with First air booster fan 20, and First air booster fan 20 is connected with air and powder mixer 13 by First air pipeline 21.
The entrance of exhaust steam pipeline 30 is connected with the gas vent of coal collector 10.Exhaust steam blower fan 31 is located on exhaust steam pipeline 30, for extracting the exhaust steam in coal collector 10.The arrival end of exhaust steam circulating line 32 is connected with the outlet of exhaust steam pipeline 30, the port of export of exhaust steam circulating line 32 is connected with the entrance of exhaust steam heater 33, the outlet of exhaust steam heater 33 is connected with one end of superheat steam pipeline 34, the other end of superheat steam pipeline 34 is connected with the entrance of booster fan 35, and the outlet of booster fan 35 is connected with coal pulverizer 7.Appendix 52 is connected with exhaust steam circulating line 32, and control valve 51 is located on appendix 52 and opens and closes appendix 52 for controlling.
The entrance of exhaust steam output channel 36 is communicated with on exhaust steam pipeline 30, the outlet of exhaust steam output channel 36 is connected with the import of air-cooled condenser 37, exhaust steam bypass duct 41 is in parallel with air-cooled condenser 37, Condensate recovery device 40 is connected with air-cooled condenser 37, for storing the condensate water reclaimed by air-cooled condenser 37, the residual air outlet of air-cooled condenser 37 is connected with the import of air ejector 38, the outlet of air ejector 38 connects one end of residual air pipeline 39 and one end of residual air bypass duct 42 respectively, the other end of residual air bypass duct 42 connects desulfurizer 28, the other end of residual air pipeline 39 connects First air mixing chamber 19.Remaining incondensable gas (hereinafter referred to as residual gas) after air-cooled condenser 37 recycle-water steam, this residual gas enters First air mixing chamber 19 through residual air pipeline 39 and enters in burner hearth as First air, make fuel gas abundant after-flame in burner hearth that may contain in residual gas, in addition, residual gas also can enter in desulfurizer 28 through residual air bypass duct 42.This residual gas is other the incoagulable gas mixed in water vapour, and such as seepage enters the fuel gas that the air of exhaust steam apparatus for recovering and raw coal 1 volatilize in pulverizing process.
Outlet, deduster 25, the air-introduced machine 27 of stove inner flue, sequentially pass through smoke discharging pipe 26 between desulfurizer 28 with chimney 29 and be connected.
Fig. 4 is the flow chart of superheat steam drying powder process type coal-burning boiler unit in the utility model embodiment.
As shown in Figure 4, the operation principle of superheat steam drying powder process type coal-burning boiler unit 501:
The flow process (step S1-S4) of coal: raw coal 1 delivers into coal pulverizer 7 by run coal bin 5 through feeder 6, raw coal 1 is ground into coal dust in coal pulverizer 7, export from coal pulverizer 7 after being entered the desiccant dryness of coal pulverizer 7 simultaneously, the mixture of exhaust steam and coal dust that coal pulverizer 7 exports is, vapour powder mixture when mill separator 8, meal is separated and reenters in coal pulverizer 7 and again grinds.Vapour powder mixture through mill separator 8 enters coal collector 10 by powder process pipeline 9, exhaust steam in vapour powder mixture and coal dust are isolated by coal collector 10, coal dust is stored by Pulverized Coal Bin 11, coal dust in Pulverized Coal Bin 11 sends into air and powder mixer 13 by machine supplying powder 12, mix with the First air from First air mixing chamber 19 in air and powder mixer 13, be then sent to coal burner 23 by powder feeding pipes 22 and enter in burner hearth to burn with Secondary Air and produce flue gas.
Fig. 5 is the block diagram of powder feeding subsystem of blowing in the utility model embodiment.
The flow process (step S4) of air: as shown in Fig. 3, Fig. 4 and Fig. 5, cold wind 2 (namely, boiler air-supply) sends into air-cooled condenser 37 as cooling medium for the exhaust steam in cooling air condenser 37 by pressure fan 14, cold wind 2 is formed warm air by after the heat preheating of exhaust steam simultaneously, and part warm air is entered in air preheater 15 by warm air pipeline 55 and added thermosetting hot blast further by flue gas.The hot blast major part of air preheater 15 air side outlet is directly drawn toward coal burner 23 through Secondary Air hot air duct 16 as Secondary Air.The warm air that another small part hot blast and warm air bypass duct 18 are carried carries out being mixed to form First air in First air mixing chamber 19, the warm air that warm air bypass duct 18 is carried can regulate the temperature of First air, coal dust through being entered air and powder mixer 13 by after the supercharging of First air booster fan through First air pipeline 21, and then is sent in burner hearth and is burnt by First air.
Flue gas flow (step S5): coal dust and air generate flue gas in the burner hearth combustion of boiler 19, flue gas in burner hearth is discharged from stove inner flue, at stove inner flue afterbody, air preheater 15 and exhaust steam heater 33 are heated, the flue gas of discharging enters air-introduced machine 27 by smoke discharging pipe 26 after deduster 25 purifies, enter in desulfurizer 28 afterwards, through the flue gas 3 of desulfurizing and purifying by chimney 29 discharged to atmospheric environment.
Fig. 6 is the block diagram of powder process subsystem in the utility model embodiment.
As shown in Figure 6, water vapour flow process: be made up of the moisture evaporation of the water vapour in powder process subsystem 401 by raw coal 1.Export at coal pulverizer 7 and be called exhaust steam between exhaust steam heater 33 entrance, export at exhaust steam heater 33 and be called superheated steam between coal pulverizer 7 entrance.Exhaust steam is separated in coal collector 10 with coal dust, isolated exhaust steam is extracted out by exhaust steam blower fan 31 and is divided into two parts, part exhaust steam is sent into exhaust steam heater 33 by exhaust steam circulating line 32 and is carried out adding thermosetting superheated steam, this superheated steam sends into coal pulverizer 7 as drier through superheat steam pipeline 34, drying is carried out to the raw coal 1 entering coal pulverizer 7, the vapour powder mixture that coal pulverizer 7 exports isolates coal dust by coal collector 10 and exhaust steam forms, the moisture that exhaust steam is now evaporated by superheated steam and the raw coal 1 as drier forms, the part of exhaust steam of discharging from coal collector 10 venthole enters exhaust steam heater 33 and as drier at powder process subsystem 401 Inner eycle, a part of exhaust steam is sent into air-cooled condenser 37 through exhaust steam output channel 36 and is reclaimed in addition.Exhaust steam is cooled cooling in air-cooled condenser 37, thus obtains a large amount of condensate water, and condensate water combines in water collector 40.
The residual gas that exhaust steam apparatus for recovering is discharged after reclaiming water vapour is delivered in First air mixing chamber 19 or in desulfurizer 28 respectively through residual air conveying device.When this residual gas contains fuel gas, close the valve on residual air bypass duct 42, this residual gas is all entered in burner hearth through residual air pipeline 39 and burns; When this residual gas is not containing fuel gas, closes the valve on residual air pipeline 39, this residual gas is discharged after gas cleaning subsystem 405.
In the present embodiment, first, control appendix 52 by control valve 51 and carry gas 50 to exhaust steam circulating line 32, as drier, drying is carried out to the raw coal 1 entered in coal pulverizer 7 and coal dust after gas 50 is heated, then, after Preset Time, control valve 51 controls appendix 52 and stops carrying gas 50 to exhaust steam circulating line 32, and the valve opened on exhaust steam circulating line 32 sets up exhaust steam recirculation simultaneously.After running a period of time, the gas 50 inputted by appendix 52 is progressively discharged by exhaust steam output channel 36, and make drier convergence be either pure steam and do not contain other assorted gas, so achieving either pure steam is that drier carries out drying to coal dust.
The effect of embodiment and effect
In the superheat steam drying powder process type coal-burning boiler unit and electricity generation system of the present embodiment, powder process subsystem take superheated steam as powder process subsystem drier and coal pulverizer ventilation medium, superheated steam is exported by coal pulverizer and adds thermosetting because moisture in coal evaporates the exhaust steam heater of the circulation exhaust steam formed through being heat medium with flue gas in boiler host subsystem, superheat steam temperature and flow meet the requirement of powder process subsystem drying capacity and coal pulverizer ventilation respectively, except except the circulation exhaust steam of powder process subsystem Inner eycle work, the another part produced because moisture in coal constantly evaporates in powder process subsystem exports exhaust steam, by in exhaust steam Water Sproading subsystem with boiler air-supply for cooling medium carries out waste heat and Water Sproading.
In datonation-inhibition inert gas flue gas, nitrogen and water vapour that industry is conventional, water vapour has best datonation-inhibition function.The present embodiment take superheated steam as the drier of powder process subsystem, whole powder process subsystem is run under complete inerting atmosphere, ensure that the safe and reliable operation of the high-volatile coal such as brown coal and accurate eastern coal powder process, solve pulverized coal preparation system burning and the explosion issues of long-standing problem brown coal and accurate eastern coal unit safety reliability service.And the inside achieving inertia powder process drier produces and recycling, extra steam, nitrogen production system is not needed in pulverizing process, also do not need to consume other medium such as flue gas, hot blast, make pulverizing process both safe and reliable, flow process is succinctly efficient again.And be pulverized coal preparation system drier with superheated steam, improve the pulverized coal particle particle size uniformity poor bursting caused in a large number by coal grain in the dry and hot-air drying process of stove cigarette in the past, thus contribute to improving coal powder performance, improve Combustion Efficiency of Coal Powder.
The present embodiment completely with powder process subsystem internal produce water vapour for drier and defeated powder medium, make the waste heat of the powder process exhaust steam being almost either pure steam and Water Sproading become very easy.The cold wind carried by pressure fan cools exhaust steam as cooling medium in exhaust steam apparatus for recovering, cold wind is preheated formation warm air, warm air finally enters in boiler burns, the latent heat of condensation of a large amount of exhaust steam is effectively utilized by boiler, significantly can improve boiler thermal output thus, the boiler thermal output that coal-fired power station boiler is calculated based on coal-fired low heat valve becomes possibility more than 100%.And exhaust steam apparatus for recovering had not only realized waste heat recovery but also had realized the recovery and reuse of great lot of water resources, had immeasurable environment protection significance especially to rich coal water-deficient area.
The present embodiment carries out the separation of vapour powder by coal collector to vapour powder mixture and obtains low moisture coal dust, and coal quantity is significantly improved.This coal dust after drying and upgrading is sent into boiler by uniform temperature air and is burnt, and will there will be no the low combustion instability of in-furnace temperature, low NO
xthe problems such as burning tissues burning difficulty.Meanwhile, adopt pulverized coal carried by hot air that inert gas content in First air is significantly reduced, breeze airflow ignition heat reduces thus, and in First air, oxygen concentration improves.Coefficient result is the combustion stability and the efficiency of combustion that had both improve breeze airflow, also makes the low NOx combustion of breeze airflow organize convenient, thus realizes clean and effective smooth combustion.And, this coal dust after drying and upgrading sends into boiler combustion by the First air in powder feeding subsystem of blowing with uniform temperature, and the moisture from the raw coal that powder process subsystem evaporates no longer enters boiler with powder feeding medium, boiler exhaust gas amount is reduced in a large number, correspondingly exhaust gas temperature also can reduce, finally make boiler exhaust gas heat loss significantly reduce, boiler thermal output significantly improves.
In the present embodiment, burn because the fuel gas that may contain in water vapour is sent back in boiler by residual air conveying device, thus fully ensure that the efficiency of combustion of raw coal in steam generator system.
To sum up, embodiment can provide a kind of green high-efficient coal-burning boiler unit, solve the problem of high-moisture coal-fired boiler combustion instability, overcome the inefficient shortcoming of traditional high-moisture coal-fired boiler hot, while significantly improving boiler thermal output, make powder process subsystem run under inerting atmosphere thus improve the safety in operation of high volatile coal powder process subsystem, more outstanding is, the recovery very easily Project Realization of moisture in coal is made using superheated steam as drier, also improve coal generating system efficiency further by the recycling of steam condensation waste heat simultaneously, thus the utility model superheat steam drying powder process type coal-burning boiler unit has energy-saving benefit and the environment protection significance of highly significant.
Superheat steam drying powder process type coal-burning boiler unit involved by certain the utility model is not merely defined in structure in the above-described embodiments.Above content is only the basic explanation under the utility model design, and according to any equivalent transformation that the technical solution of the utility model is done, all should belong to protection domain of the present utility model.
Above-mentioned embodiment is preferred case of the present utility model, is not used for limiting protection domain of the present utility model.
The gas of appendix conveying can be air, also directly can to carry in the inerting gases such as water vapour, nitrogen, flue gas any one.
When raw coal moisture is higher, the predrying pipe of raw coal can also be set between coal pulverizer and feeder, the import of the predrying pipe of raw coal is communicated on superheat steam pipeline by steam pipeline, part superheated steam is transported in the predrying pipe of raw coal and directly contacts with raw coal by steam pipeline, thus carry out predrying to raw coal, achieve raw coal dry safely by superheated steam.
Predry drying prescription in the predrying pipe of raw coal can be not only the part superheated steam carried by steam pipeline, also can be that the entrance point of the direct pipe predrying with raw coal of superheat steam pipeline is connected, superheated steam through raw coal predrying pipe raw coal is carried out predrying after enter coal pulverizer further drying carried out to vapour powder mixture.
Claims (10)
1. a superheat steam drying powder process type coal-burning boiler unit, for burning to raw coal, is characterized in that, comprising:
Powder process subsystem, comprises: for grinding described raw coal and carrying out drying by drier to described raw coal thus the vapour powder forming vapour powder mixture generates drying device, is separated the vapour powder separator obtaining coal dust and exhaust steam and the drier generating apparatus generating described drier to described vapour powder mixture;
Boiler host subsystem, comprises: burner hearth, the stove inner flue be connected with described furnace outlet, be positioned at the coal burner of described burner hearth entry position;
Air-supply powder feeding subsystem, comprises: be connected with described vapour powder separator for the machine supplying powder of pulverized coal conveying, the air and powder mixer be connected with described machine supplying powder, the First air mixing chamber be connected with described air and powder mixer, be positioned at described stove inner flue afterbody air preheater and for providing the pressure fan of cold wind; And
Exhaust steam Water Sproading subsystem, comprises: be connected with described pressure fan and utilize described cold wind to carry out the exhaust steam apparatus for recovering of condensation recovery to a part for described exhaust steam,
Wherein, described vapour powder separator comprises: be separated to described vapour powder mixture the coal collector obtaining described coal dust and described exhaust steam,
Described drier generating apparatus comprises: be connected with described coal collector for carry described exhaust steam exhaust steam pipeline, to be communicated with on described exhaust steam pipeline for carrying the exhaust steam circulating line of another part of described exhaust steam, by the flue gas that utilizes described burner hearth to produce the described exhaust steam in described exhaust steam circulating line to be heated thus formed as the exhaust steam heater of the superheated steam of described drier and described drier be delivered to described vapour powder and generate the superheat steam pipeline circulated in drying device
Described machine supplying powder for carrying described coal dust to described air and powder mixer,
Described air and powder mixer is mixed to get wind powder mixture to from the First air of described air-supply powder feeding subsystem and described coal dust,
Exhaust steam in described exhaust steam apparatus for recovering is become condensate water by the described cold front heavy rain that described pressure fan provides, and described cold wind is obtained warm air by the heat preheating of described exhaust steam in described exhaust steam apparatus for recovering,
Described air preheater carries out heating to a part for described warm air and obtains hot blast, a part for described hot blast enters in described air and powder mixer as described First air with another part of described warm air after described First air mixing chamber mixes, another part of described hot blast directly enters in described coal burner as Secondary Air
Described coal burner burns to the described coal dust in described wind powder mixture,
Described coal dust and described First air, described Secondary Air burn and generate described flue gas in described burner hearth.
2. superheat steam drying powder process type coal-burning boiler unit according to claim 1, is characterized in that, also comprise:
Gas cleaning subsystem, exports with the afterbody of described stove inner flue and is connected, comprise: the deduster connected successively, air-introduced machine, desulfurizer, chimney.
3. superheat steam drying powder process type coal-burning boiler unit according to claim 2, is characterized in that:
Wherein, described exhaust steam apparatus for recovering comprises: be communicated with the exhaust steam output channel on described exhaust steam pipeline, be connected with described exhaust steam output channel for described exhaust steam being condensed into the air-cooled condenser of condensate water and storing the water collector that reclaims described condensate water and be connected with described exhaust steam output channel and described exhaust steam directly introduced the exhaust steam bypass duct of described desulfurizer.
4. superheat steam drying powder process type coal-burning boiler unit according to claim 3, is characterized in that:
Wherein, described exhaust steam Water Sproading subsystem also comprises: the residual air conveying device of the residual gas exported for carrying described condenser,
Described residual air conveying device comprises: be connected with the outlet of described condenser for the residual air pipeline that described residual gas delivered in described First air mixing chamber and be connected with described residual air pipeline and described residual gas is directly introduced described desulfurizer residual air bypass duct.
5. superheat steam drying powder process type coal-burning boiler unit according to claim 1, is characterized in that:
Wherein, described vapour powder generation drying device also comprises: grind described raw coal and form the coal pulverizer of described vapour powder mixture with dry and be connected with the outlet of described coal pulverizer for being separated the meal in described vapour powder mixture and sending described meal back to mill separator in described coal pulverizer.
6. superheat steam drying powder process type coal-burning boiler unit according to claim 1, is characterized in that:
Wherein, described vapour powder generation drying device also comprises: be connected with described coal collector the Pulverized Coal Bin of storing described coal dust.
7. superheat steam drying powder process type coal-burning boiler unit according to claim 5, is characterized in that:
Wherein, described vapour powder generates drying device and also comprises: outlet is connected for carrying out the predrying pipe of pre-dried raw coal and steam pipeline to described raw coal with the entrance of described coal pulverizer,
The import of the predrying pipe of described raw coal is communicated on described superheat steam pipeline by described steam pipeline,
Described superheated steam carries out predrying as predry drying prescription to the described raw coal in the predrying pipe of described raw coal.
8. superheat steam drying powder process type coal-burning boiler unit as claimed in any of claims 1 to 7, is characterized in that:
Wherein, described powder process subsystem also comprises: be connected for carrying the appendix of gas and being located at for controlling to open and close the control valve of described appendix on described appendix with described exhaust steam circulating line,
Control described appendix by described control valve and carry described gas to described exhaust steam circulating line, as described drier after described gas is heated, after Preset Time, described control valve controls the stopping of described appendix and carries described gas to described exhaust steam circulating line.
9. superheat steam drying powder process type coal-burning boiler unit according to claim 8, is characterized in that:
Wherein, described gas be in air or industrial inerting gas any one.
10. an electricity generation system, is characterized in that, comprising:
Superheat steam drying powder process type coal-burning boiler unit and the generating set containing steam turbine,
Wherein, described superheat steam drying powder process type coal-burning boiler unit is the superheat steam drying powder process type coal-burning boiler unit in the claims 1 to 9 described in any one.
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| CN105276608A (en) * | 2015-11-06 | 2016-01-27 | 西安热工研究院有限公司 | Lignite drying residual heat and water recovery system |
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| CN105276608A (en) * | 2015-11-06 | 2016-01-27 | 西安热工研究院有限公司 | Lignite drying residual heat and water recovery system |
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