CN108149061B - A kind of copper based powder metallurgy friction material for wet type synchro converter ring - Google Patents
A kind of copper based powder metallurgy friction material for wet type synchro converter ring Download PDFInfo
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- CN108149061B CN108149061B CN201711473280.8A CN201711473280A CN108149061B CN 108149061 B CN108149061 B CN 108149061B CN 201711473280 A CN201711473280 A CN 201711473280A CN 108149061 B CN108149061 B CN 108149061B
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- powder metallurgy
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C22—METALLURGY; FERROUS OR NON-FERROUS ALLOYS; TREATMENT OF ALLOYS OR NON-FERROUS METALS
- C22C—ALLOYS
- C22C9/00—Alloys based on copper
- C22C9/04—Alloys based on copper with zinc as the next major constituent
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B22—CASTING; POWDER METALLURGY
- B22F—WORKING METALLIC POWDER; MANUFACTURE OF ARTICLES FROM METALLIC POWDER; MAKING METALLIC POWDER; APPARATUS OR DEVICES SPECIALLY ADAPTED FOR METALLIC POWDER
- B22F1/00—Metallic powder; Treatment of metallic powder, e.g. to facilitate working or to improve properties
- B22F1/10—Metallic powder containing lubricating or binding agents; Metallic powder containing organic material
- B22F1/105—Metallic powder containing lubricating or binding agents; Metallic powder containing organic material containing inorganic lubricating or binding agents, e.g. metal salts
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B22—CASTING; POWDER METALLURGY
- B22F—WORKING METALLIC POWDER; MANUFACTURE OF ARTICLES FROM METALLIC POWDER; MAKING METALLIC POWDER; APPARATUS OR DEVICES SPECIALLY ADAPTED FOR METALLIC POWDER
- B22F5/00—Manufacture of workpieces or articles from metallic powder characterised by the special shape of the product
- B22F5/08—Manufacture of workpieces or articles from metallic powder characterised by the special shape of the product of toothed articles, e.g. gear wheels; of cam discs
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C22—METALLURGY; FERROUS OR NON-FERROUS ALLOYS; TREATMENT OF ALLOYS OR NON-FERROUS METALS
- C22C—ALLOYS
- C22C1/00—Making non-ferrous alloys
- C22C1/04—Making non-ferrous alloys by powder metallurgy
- C22C1/05—Mixtures of metal powder with non-metallic powder
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- Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
- Materials Engineering (AREA)
- Metallurgy (AREA)
- Organic Chemistry (AREA)
- Manufacturing & Machinery (AREA)
- Inorganic Chemistry (AREA)
- Mechanical Operated Clutches (AREA)
- Powder Metallurgy (AREA)
Abstract
The present invention relates to a kind of copper based powder metallurgy friction materials for wet type synchro converter ring, it is characterised in that including following component, wherein the content of each ingredient is expressed in weight percent: 2.0-4.0% graphite, 1.5-2.5%Al, 0.2-1.3%SiO2, 0.5-1.5%Fe, 3.5-6.5%Mo, 1.5-3.5%Sn, 2.0-5.0%W, 12.0-15.0%Zn, remaining is Cu；Specific embodiment is as follows: carrying out mixed powder, compacting by above-mentioned group of metamember and proportion, pressed copper based powder metallurgy friction material is integrated with steel back sintering, is finally installed on the synchronous ring work conical surface.The friction material adds Al, Mo, elements such as w using Cu as matrix, and optimizes composition proportion, it after mixed powder, compacting, is sintered into one with steel back, is installed on the synchronous ring work conical surface, the tribological property of the material is better than traditional brass alloys, there is good application prospect.
Description
Technical field
The present invention relates to a kind of copper based powder metallurgy friction materials for wet type synchro converter ring, belong to Automotive Friction Material
Technical field.
Background technique
Synchro converter ring is the critical component of speed control system of car.Synchronous ring is mounted in synchronizer clutch collar, and Fig. 1 is same
Walk the part schematic diagram of ring, working principle is mainly: in shift of transmission, shift fork drives clutch collar close to tooth to be joined, together
It walks ring inner conical surface and toothed ring gear outer cone face contact to be joined generates friction, keep clutch collar and tooth to be joined fast by the effect of friction
Speed, which is realized, to be synchronized, and is avoided the different direct geared contact of revolving speed, is completed smoothly shift.Currently, synchronizer in the market is big
Mostly wet type usually requires that synchronous ring has following friction and wear characteristic: (1) low mill to guarantee the smooth, stable of shift process
Loss rate；(2) quiet, dynamic friction coefficient ratio is close to 1.0；(3) continual and steady dynamic friction coefficient.Further, since individual drivers
Barbarous operation and the bad working environments condition that is likely to occur, it is desirable that synchronous ring material must have certain anti-overload ability.
The synchronization ring of early stage is all made of copper alloy manufacture.As automobile is to the trend development of high-speed overload, traditional copper is closed
The development that performance indicator of golden material in terms of wear rate, stable friction factor has no longer been able to satisfy Hyundai Motor technology needs
It asks.In synchronous ring Drawing cone wheat flour for functional layer material, the friction and wear characteristic of synchronous ring can be significantly improved.Common functional layer
Material mainly has paper base material, sprayed molybdenum material, copper based powder metallurgy material, carbon composite etc..Wherein, copper-base powder metallurgy material
Material has many advantages, such as to wear small, high temperature resistant, stable friction factor, low noise.To increase intensity, usually by copper-base powder metallurgy material
It is integrated and is installed in required part with steel back sintering after material compacting.
A kind of compound copper based powder metallurgy material of rub resistance nitrogen phosphorus is disclosed in Chinese patent literature (CN 105154710A)
And preparation method thereof, wherein iron 15% ~ 25%, magnesium 3.0% ~ 7.5%, nickel 0.45% ~ 1.65%, cobalt 0.29% ~ 1.45%, zinc stearate
0.18% ~ 0.65%, calcium stearate 0.15% ~ 1.36%, aluminum oxide 1.6% ~ 3.8%, silicon nitride 2.4% ~ 5.7%, bentonite
0.13% ~ 1.25%, triphenyl phosphate 1.3% ~ 3.4%, surplus is copper.
Disclosed in Chinese patent literature (105778406A) a kind of automobile-used copper-base powder metallurgy composite friction material and its
Preparation method, the raw material proportioning composition of described matrix material are as follows: copper powder base component 55-70%, friction component 15-20%, lubrication
Component 10-25%；By percentage to the quality, the copper-based powder component is by 75-95% copper powder and 5-25% iron powder；Friction component is
One of quartz, aluminum oxide and silicon carbide are a variety of；Emollient component is two kinds in CaF2, WS2, BN, Pb and Bi
More than.
A kind of copper based powder metallurgy friction material and its preparation are disclosed in Chinese patent literature (104384504 A of CN)
Method.The material is made of the raw material of following weight: 60-64 parts of copper powder, 6-10 parts of iron powder, 3-6 parts of carborundum powder, sulphur
Change manganese powder 3-6 parts, 4-7 parts of fused alumina zirconia powder, 1-4 parts of nickel powder, 2-5 parts of cobalt powder, 2-5 parts of alumina powder, 2-5 parts of feldspar in powder, silicon
1-4 parts of micro mist.
In the patent inquired, the powdered metallurgical material of Al, Mo, Sn, W element is not found while added, is not looked into especially
Ask the copper based powder metallurgy material of addition W.
Synchronous ring determines that its material must have stable dynamic friction coefficient, close quiet, dynamic friction using characteristic
The performances such as coefficient ratio, lesser abrasion and biggish anti-extreme pressure load.In the claim of inquired patent, do not inquire
For the protection content of quiet, dynamic friction coefficient when anti-extreme pressure load, does not find especially and evaluated in the way of step-loaded
The related content of material anti-overload ability.
Summary of the invention
The purpose of the present invention is to provide a kind of copper based powder metallurgy friction materials for wet type synchro converter ring, this rubs
It wipes material and adds Al, Mo, elements such as w using Cu as matrix, and optimize composition proportion, after mixed powder, compacting, be sintered with steel back
Integrally, it is installed on the synchronous ring work conical surface, the tribological property of the material is better than traditional brass alloys, there is good application
Prospect.
The technical scheme of the present invention is realized as follows: a kind of copper-base powder metallurgy friction for wet type synchro converter ring
Material, it is characterised in that including following component, wherein the content of each ingredient is expressed in weight percent:
2.0-4.0% graphite, 1.5-2.5%Al, 0.2-1.3%SiO2, 0.5-1.5%Fe, 3.5-6.5%Mo, 1.5-3.5%
Sn, 2.0-5.0%W, 12.0-15.0%Zn, remaining is Cu.
Copper based powder metallurgy material of the present invention is produced using traditional compacting, sintering process, and specific embodiment is as follows: pressing
Above-mentioned group of metamember and proportion carry out mixed powder, compacting, and pressed copper based powder metallurgy friction material is integrated with steel back sintering,
Finally it is installed on the synchronous ring work conical surface.Pressing pressure is 380 ~ 450MPa, and sintering temperature is 850 ~ 930 DEG C, and sintering pressure is
2.0 ~ 3.0MPa, soaking time 2.5 ~ 4.0 hours.
Good effect of the present invention is that major components have the effect that in friction material
Mo, W: metallic matrix constituent element strengthens matrix, improves matrix hardness, improves wearability, stablizes coefficient of friction.
Sn: metallic matrix constituent element plays solution strengthening effect, improves matrix hardness, while forming a fixed number in the tissue
The soft phase of amount improves wearability.
Al: metallic matrix constituent element improves the intensity of matrix, improves copper powder and steel back cohesive force.
Zn: metallic matrix constituent element strengthens matrix, improves heat-resisting, the corrosion resistance of material.
Graphite: solid lubrication constituent element improves wearability.
Fe: friction component properly increases coefficient of friction.
SiO2: friction component forms high Hard Inclusion, increases rubbing action.
The anti-overload ability of material is evaluated using anti-extreme pressure load, specific testing program is as follows:
Using linear reciprocating friction abrasion tester, copper based powder metallurgy friction material and steel back are sintered in steel and put down
Face specimen surface.Couple with friction material with pair is steel ball, material GCr15, hardness (60 ~ 65) HRC.
The speed of wear test is not less than 0.1m/s, and using step-loaded mode, initial load is set as 1N, every 20 points
Clock increases 1N, until friction coefficient curve occurs stopping test when sharply inflection point, using the load for single order before inflection point occur as being somebody's turn to do
The anti-extreme pressure load of friction material.
Meet following technical indicator:
(1) density >=5.0g/cm3；
(2) hardness >=180HV；
(3) quiet, dynamic friction coefficient ratio≤1.25；
(4) dynamic friction coefficient is between 0.120 ~ 0.132；
(5) wear rate≤2.0 × 10-5mm3/min；
(6) anti-extreme pressure load >=3.0N；
Copper based powder metallurgy friction material of the invention has the advantages that compared with traditional Cu alloy material
(1) it is produced with the processing method of powder metallurgy, improves stock utilization；
(2) Al, Mo, elements such as w be joined: strengthening Copper substrate, improve matrix hardness, stabilize coefficient of friction, and
Greatly improve the wearability of material；
(3) tribological property is better than traditional brass alloys, improves the durability and reliability of synchronizer.
Detailed description of the invention
Fig. 1 is synchronization shaped part schematic diagram of the invention.
Fig. 2 is the surface powder granule-morphology of friction material in the present invention.
Specific embodiment
The present invention will be further described with reference to the accompanying drawings and examples:
Embodiment 1:
Mixed powder operation: 2.31% graphite, 1.96%Al, 0.57% SiO is carried out by following ingredient and proportion2(natural quartz
Sand), 0.71%Fe, 4.21%Mo, 2.89%Sn, 2.37%W, 11.71%Zn, remaining is Cu.Mixture is pressed at 390MPa
Type, carries out pressure sintering together with steel back, and sintering temperature is 870 DEG C, sintering pressure 2.3MPa, soaking time 2.5 hours.
The density of the copper based powder metallurgy friction material obtained according to the above method as shown in Figure 2 is 5.1g/cm3, hardness is
(187 ~ 198) HV0.025,
Embodiment 2:
Mixed powder operation: 3.39% graphite, 1.68%Al, 0.86% SiO is carried out by following ingredient and proportion2(natural quartz
Sand), 1.02%Fe, 5.62%Mo, 1.95%Sn, 3.68%W, 13.19%Zn, remaining is Cu.Mixture is pressed at 400MPa
Type, carries out pressure sintering together with steel back, and sintering temperature is 900 DEG C, sintering pressure 2.5MPa, soaking time 3.0 hours.
The density of the copper based powder metallurgy friction material obtained according to the above method is 5.3g/cm3, hardness is (196 ~ 205)
HV0.025。
Embodiment 3:
Mixed powder operation: 2.89% graphite, 2.23%Al, 1.03% SiO is carried out by following ingredient and proportion2(natural quartz
Sand), 0.97%Fe, 4.69%Mo, 2.32%Sn, 3.75%W, 14.51%Zn, remaining is Cu.Mixture is pressed at 420MPa
Type, carries out pressure sintering together with steel back, and sintering temperature is 880 DEG C, sintering pressure 2.6MPa, soaking time 3.5 hours.
The density of the copper based powder metallurgy friction material obtained according to the above method is 5.4g/cm3, hardness is (203 ~ 212)
HV0.025。
Embodiment 4:
Mixed powder operation: 3.53% graphite, 1.95%Al, 0.58% SiO is carried out by following ingredient and proportion2(natural quartz
Sand), 1.23%Fe, 5.01%Mo, 2.86%Sn, 4.21%W, 13.16%Zn, remaining is Cu.Mixture is pressed at 410MPa
Type, carries out pressure sintering together with steel back, and sintering temperature is 910 DEG C, sintering pressure 2.8MPa, soaking time 3.0 hours.
The density of the copper based powder metallurgy friction material obtained according to the above method is 5.5g/cm3, hardness is (208 ~ 216)
HV0.025。
Embodiment 5:
Mixed powder operation: 3.79% graphite, 2.13%Al, 1.11% SiO is carried out by following ingredient and proportion2(natural quartz
Sand), 0.89%Fe, 6.12%Mo, 3.05%Sn, 4.57%W, 13.28%Zn, remaining is Cu.Mixture is pressed at 450MPa
Type, carries out pressure sintering together with steel back, and sintering temperature is 930 DEG C, sintering pressure 3.0MPa, soaking time 4.0 hours.
The density of the copper based powder metallurgy friction material obtained according to the above method is 5.8g/cm3, hardness is (221 ~ 227)
HV0.025。
Verification experimental verification:
A kind of brass alloy material and copper based powder metallurgy friction material of the present invention are subjected to friction-wear test, test side
Method presses GB/T 12444-2006, pair materials GCr15, hardness (60 ~ 65) HRC.Testing equipment is UMT abrasion tester, examination
It tests parameter and is shown in Table 1.
Test result is shown in Table 2.1# ~ 5# sample is respectively copper-based in 1 ~ embodiment of the embodiment of the present invention 5 in sample number into spectrum
Powder metallurgy friction material, 6# sample are a kind of brass alloy material, and main component and mass percent are as follows: Cu-61.15%,
Al-2.01%, Si-1.03%, Mn-2.94%, Fe-0.36%, surplus Zn, Cu alloy material hardness are (179 ~ 192) HV1.
The quiet of copper based powder metallurgy friction material of the present invention, dynamic friction coefficient ratio more tend to 1.0 compared with Cu alloy material,
Wear rate is substantially less than Cu alloy material, anti-extreme pressure load is greater than Cu alloy material.
The above results explanation, in synchronization ring Drawing cone wheat flour as shown in Figure 1 for copper-base powder metallurgy friction of the invention
Material, shifting comfort and the more common Cu alloy material of synchronizer durability are significantly increased.
Claims (1)
1. a kind of synchronous ring copper based powder metallurgy friction material of wet type, it is characterised in that: it mainly include following constituent,
In the content of each ingredient be expressed in weight percent: 2.0-4.0% graphite, 1.5-2.5%Al, 0.2-1.3%SiO2,0.5-
1.5%Fe, 3.5-6.5%Mo, 1.5-3.5%Sn, 2.0-5.0%W, 12.0-15.0%Zn, remaining is Cu；By above-mentioned group of metamember and
Proportion carries out mixed powder, compacting, and pressed mixture is integrated with steel back sintering, is finally installed on the synchronous ring work conical surface；Pressure
Pressing pressure is 380 ~ 450MPa, and sintering temperature is 850 ~ 930 DEG C, and sintering pressure is 2.0 ~ 3.0MPa, and soaking time 2.5 ~ 4.0 is small
When.
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| JPH08253826A (en) * | 1994-10-19 | 1996-10-01 | Sumitomo Electric Ind Ltd | Sintered friction material, composite copper alloy powder used therefor and their production |
| CN1149273C (en) * | 2001-04-20 | 2004-05-12 | 清华大学 | Cermet Friction material containing steel fibres and its preparing process |
| JP2003089831A (en) * | 2001-07-12 | 2003-03-28 | Komatsu Ltd | Copper-based sintered sliding material and multi-layer sintered sliding member |
| JP4289926B2 (en) * | 2003-05-26 | 2009-07-01 | 株式会社小松製作所 | Sliding material, sliding member, sliding component, and apparatus to which the sliding material is applied |
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