CN108144414B - Powder active coke double-circulation fluidized bed desulfurization system and method - Google Patents
Powder active coke double-circulation fluidized bed desulfurization system and method Download PDFInfo
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- CN108144414B CN108144414B CN201810110894.8A CN201810110894A CN108144414B CN 108144414 B CN108144414 B CN 108144414B CN 201810110894 A CN201810110894 A CN 201810110894A CN 108144414 B CN108144414 B CN 108144414B
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B01—PHYSICAL OR CHEMICAL PROCESSES OR APPARATUS IN GENERAL
- B01D—SEPARATION
- B01D53/00—Separation of gases or vapours; Recovering vapours of volatile solvents from gases; Chemical or biological purification of waste gases, e.g. engine exhaust gases, smoke, fumes, flue gases, aerosols
- B01D53/02—Separation of gases or vapours; Recovering vapours of volatile solvents from gases; Chemical or biological purification of waste gases, e.g. engine exhaust gases, smoke, fumes, flue gases, aerosols by adsorption, e.g. preparative gas chromatography
- B01D53/06—Separation of gases or vapours; Recovering vapours of volatile solvents from gases; Chemical or biological purification of waste gases, e.g. engine exhaust gases, smoke, fumes, flue gases, aerosols by adsorption, e.g. preparative gas chromatography with moving adsorbents, e.g. rotating beds
- B01D53/10—Separation of gases or vapours; Recovering vapours of volatile solvents from gases; Chemical or biological purification of waste gases, e.g. engine exhaust gases, smoke, fumes, flue gases, aerosols by adsorption, e.g. preparative gas chromatography with moving adsorbents, e.g. rotating beds with dispersed adsorbents
- B01D53/12—Separation of gases or vapours; Recovering vapours of volatile solvents from gases; Chemical or biological purification of waste gases, e.g. engine exhaust gases, smoke, fumes, flue gases, aerosols by adsorption, e.g. preparative gas chromatography with moving adsorbents, e.g. rotating beds with dispersed adsorbents according to the "fluidised technique"
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B01—PHYSICAL OR CHEMICAL PROCESSES OR APPARATUS IN GENERAL
- B01D—SEPARATION
- B01D2257/00—Components to be removed
- B01D2257/30—Sulfur compounds
- B01D2257/302—Sulfur oxides
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Abstract
The application relates to the field of flue gas pollutant sulfur dioxide removal, in particular to a powder active coke double-circulation fluidized bed desulfurization system and a method.
Description
Technical Field
The application relates to the field of flue gas pollutant sulfur dioxide removal, in particular to a powder active coke double-circulation fluidized bed desulfurization system and method.
Background
Active coke desulfurization is a flue gas desulfurization technology capable of recycling, and has obvious synergic removal effect on pollutants such as heavy metals in flue gas. The active coke desulfurization technology in the current market mainly adopts a moving bed adsorption-heating regeneration process route, the moving bed adsorption process adopts shaped particle active coke with higher mechanical strength, the appearance is generally columnar with the diameter of phi 5-9mm, and the inner surface utilization rate is low due to large diffusion resistance in columnar active coke; crushing wear during the conveying process causes mechanical loss and increases the running cost; the columnar forming process is complex, and the cost of active coke is increased. The powder active Jiao Liuhua bed adsorption desulfurization is a novel active coke desulfurization process route, the process avoids mechanical loss caused by abrasion of columnar active carbon, the powder active carbon has lower cost, and the surface utilization rate is improved relative to that of the columnar active carbon. The powder activity Jiao Liuhua bed desulfurization technology is generally based on the conventional circulating fluidized bed dry desulfurization process reactor form, and adopts active coke as a desulfurizing agent. In the desulfurization process of the active coke circulating fluidized bed, the active coke can be divided into fresh active coke, circulating coke and spent coke according to the properties of the active coke and functions in a system, wherein the fresh active coke refers to active coke which is freshly prepared or regenerated and has fresh adsorption capacity; the circulating coke is activated coke which enters the system and is subjected to at least one-time tower absorption, enters a dust remover and is captured and separated, and is to be sent back to a desulfurizing tower for continuous absorption; spent coke refers to active coke that undergoes at least one adsorption in the column and is sent out of the system for regeneration. In the conventional circulating fluidized bed adsorption mode, the problem that circulating coke and spent coke cannot be effectively separated exists. According to the fluidized activated carbon combined desulfurization and denitrification process disclosed in the patent application number 201010189427.2, fresh activated coke and circulating coke are both sent to the bottom of a desulfurization tower, lifted flue gas is carried into a dust remover, part of activated coke separated by the dust remover is sent back into the tower for continuous recycling, and the other part of activated coke is discharged out of the system and is regenerated as spent coke. Under the form, the spent coke and the circulating coke are mixed together and cannot be separated, and active coke which is not effectively utilized exists in the spent coke, so that the overall effective sulfur capacity of the active coke is reduced.
Disclosure of Invention
The application provides a powder active coke double-circulation fluidized bed desulfurization system and a method thereof, which aim at the problems of a moving bed process and a fluidized bed process in the existing active coke adsorption desulfurization technology.
In order to solve the problems, the technical scheme of the application is as follows:
a powder active coke double-circulation fluidized bed desulfurization system comprises a desulfurization tower, a fresh coke bin, a circulation coke inertial separator and a cloth bag separator, wherein,
the desulfurizing tower comprises an upper section and a lower section, wherein the upper section and the lower section are connected through an inner member, and the inner member is used for preventing active coke in the upper section from falling into the lower section; the bottom of the lower section is provided with a flue gas inlet and a spent coke discharge structure;
the fresh coke bin is connected with the upper section and is used for adding fresh active coke into the upper section; the top of the upper section is connected with the inlet of the circulating coke inertial separator, the solid outlet of the circulating coke inertial separator is connected with the upper section of the desulfurizing tower, the gas outlet of the circulating coke inertial separator is connected with the cloth bag separator, and the solid outlet of the cloth bag separator is connected with the lower section of the desulfurizing tower.
The fresh coke bin is used for storing fresh active coke, has strong adsorption capacity, and can directly send the fresh active coke into the upper section of the desulfurizing tower, so that the condition of reduced adsorption speed caused by reduced concentration of pollutants in the flue gas at the upper part can be compensated by using the strong adsorption capacity of the fresh active coke. And the upper section is not provided with a spent coke discharge port, so that the fresh active coke can be prevented from being discharged out of the system too early.
The circulating coke inertial separator is used for separating the circulating coke, and the captured first-stage circulating coke is returned to the upper section of the desulfurizing tower through the first-stage circulating Jiao Geiliao component, so that part of the circulating coke is recycled, the circulating coke is prevented from being discharged too early, and the utilization rate of the circulating coke is improved; the separation efficiency of the circulating coke inertial separator is generally designed to be not higher than 90% according to the desulfurization working condition.
The bag-type dust collector is used for separating active coke which is not completely separated by the circulating coke inertial separator and sending the separated active coke back to the lower section of the desulfurizing tower. The dust removal process of the bag-type dust collector can continuously form and update activity Jiao Lvceng on the surface of the filter material, and the filter layer is in continuous contact with the flue gas to play a certain role in desulfurizing the flue gas, so that the desulfurizing efficiency of the flue gas is improved on one hand, and the effective utilization rate of active coke can be improved on the other hand. The active coke separated by the bag-type dust collector is discharged to the lower section of the desulfurizing tower to contact with the introduced flue gas, and the primary desulfurization is carried out on the flue gas. Because the content of sulfur dioxide in the flue gas introduced into the lower section of the desulfurizing tower is more, even if the adsorption capacity of active coke is reduced, the desulfurizing tower still has a better primary desulfurizing effect on the flue gas. In addition, after the active coke discharged into the lower section adsorbs a large amount of sulfur dioxide, most of the active coke is changed into spent coke, and the spent coke is discharged, so that the early discharge of fresh coke or circulating coke can be avoided, the active coke in the desulfurizing tower is updated in time, and the sulfur capacity and the desulfurizing efficiency of the active coke are improved.
Preferably, the inner member is connected with the upper section of the desulfurizing tower through a divergent section, and the fresh coke bin is connected with the upper section of the desulfurizing tower, which is positioned 1-2 meters above the divergent section. The method is beneficial to supplementing fresh active coke to the upper section of the desulfurizing tower and effectively preventing excessive fresh active coke from being carried out of the desulfurizing tower by flue gas.
Preferably, the solid outlet of the circulating coke inertial separator is connected with the bottom of the upper section of the desulfurizing tower. The method is used for adding the captured circulating coke to the bottom of the upper section of the desulfurizing tower, so that the circulating coke is firstly contacted with the flue gas from the lower section, the concentration of sulfur dioxide in the flue gas is higher, and the adsorption rate of the circulating coke to the sulfur dioxide with higher concentration is faster. The concentration of sulfur dioxide in the flue gas after being absorbed by the circulating coke is further reduced, and when the flue gas flows through the fresh coke, the flue gas is easily absorbed by the fresh coke with better absorption capacity, so that the utilization rate of the active coke and the desulfurization efficiency of the flue gas are effectively improved.
Preferably, a second divergent section is arranged at the bottom of the lower section of the desulfurizing tower, and a solid outlet of the bag-type dust collector is connected with the position 1-2 m above the second divergent section and is used for guiding the active coke to the central shaft position of the lower section of the desulfurizing tower through a guide pipe.
The active coke is guided to the central shaft part of the lower section of the desulfurizing tower, and the flue gas flows upwards from the bottom of the desulfurizing tower, so that the active coke is easily blown, the contact area of the flue gas and the active coke is increased, and the desulfurizing effect on the flue gas is improved.
Preferably, the spent coke discharging structure comprises a tower body, a collecting plate assembly and a flue gas blowing pipe, wherein the collecting plate assembly comprises a plurality of collecting plates which are arranged in the tower body and are symmetrically arranged on the section of the tower body; the flue gas blowing pipe is arranged on the axis of the tower body;
the tower body inner wall, the collecting plate component and the flue gas jetting pipe jointly enclose a plurality of funnel-shaped structures, and the bottommost part of each funnel-shaped structure is provided with a spent coke outlet.
Flue gas enters the desulfurizing tower through the flue gas inlet, active coke in the lower section of the desulfurizing tower is blown up, part of active coke slides downwards along the inner wall of the desulfurizing tower under the blocking action of the inner wall of the desulfurizing tower and falls into the funnel-shaped structure, and when the active coke in the funnel-shaped structure is accumulated to a certain height, the active coke can be discharged through the spent coke outlet, so that the active coke can be updated in time.
Preferably, the shape of the collecting plate is a flat plate or an arc.
It is further preferable that the angle between the collecting plate and the horizontal direction is not less than 60 °, preferably 60 to 85 °, and further preferably 65 ° -75 °.
Preferably, the number of the collecting plates is even.
Preferably, the spent coke outlet is provided with a gate valve.
Further preferably, the lower end of the gate valve is connected with the air locking feeder. The gas locking feeder can discharge active coke in the bucket-shaped structure out of the desulfurizing tower, meanwhile, gas is prevented from being struggled, and two gas locking feeders can be used in series according to specific conditions so as to ensure air tightness.
Preferably, the upper end of the flue gas blowing pipe is higher than the bottommost end of the tower body by 1-3m.
It is further preferable that the diameter of the flue gas blowing pipe is 1/3 to 1/2 of the diameter of the tower body.
Further preferably, the top of the funnel-shaped structure is substantially flush with the upper end of the flue gas lance.
Preferably, the tower body is obliquely inserted with an inclined feeding pipe, the upper end of the inclined feeding pipe is connected with a solid outlet of the cyclone separator connected to the outlet of the tower body, and the lower end of the inclined feeding pipe extends to the upper end of the flue gas jetting pipe. The powder active coke separated by the cyclone separator is conveniently guided to the upper end of the flue gas jetting pipe for recycling.
Preferably, the height of the tower body is 15-30m.
The desulfurization method of the powder active coke double-circulation fluidized bed desulfurization system comprises the following steps:
the flue gas after dust removal flows upwards from the lower part of the desulfurizing tower to contact and desulfurize the circulating coke in the lower section of the desulfurizing tower, then flows upwards continuously, flows into the upper section of the desulfurizing tower, contacts with the circulating coke and fresh coke in the upper section of the desulfurizing tower in sequence, and desulfurizes;
when the flue gas flows out of the upper section of the desulfurizing tower, the active coke carried by the flue gas flows through a circulating coke inertial separator to be partially separated, and the separated circulating coke is added into the upper section of the desulfurizing tower;
the flue gas separated by the circulating coke inertial separator flows through the bag-type dust collector, circulating coke in the flue gas forms continuously updated activity Jiao Lvceng on the surface of a filter material of the bag-type dust collector, the flue gas contacts with activity Jiao Lvceng, secondary desulfurization of the flue gas is realized, and the active coke after the secondary desulfurization is collected by the bag-type dust collector and is added to the lower section of the desulfurizing tower.
Preferably, the separation efficiency of the circulating coke inertial separator on the circulating coke in the flue gas is 70-90%.
The beneficial effects of the application are as follows:
the fresh coke bin is used for storing fresh active coke, has strong adsorption capacity, and can directly send the fresh active coke into the upper section of the desulfurizing tower, so that the condition of reduced adsorption speed caused by reduced concentration of pollutants in the flue gas at the upper part can be compensated by using the strong adsorption capacity of the fresh active coke. And the upper section is not provided with a spent coke discharge port, so that the fresh active coke can be prevented from being discharged out of the system too early.
The circulating coke inertial separator is used for separating the circulating coke, and the captured first-stage circulating coke is returned to the upper section of the desulfurizing tower through the first-stage circulating Jiao Geiliao component, so that part of the circulating coke is recycled, the circulating coke is prevented from being discharged too early, and the utilization rate of the circulating coke is improved; the separation efficiency of the circulating coke inertial separator is generally designed according to 70% -90% according to the desulfurization working condition.
The bag-type dust collector is used for separating active coke which is not completely separated by the circulating coke inertial separator and sending the separated active coke back to the lower section of the desulfurizing tower. The dust removal process of the bag-type dust collector can continuously form and update activity Jiao Lvceng on the surface of the filter material, and the filter layer is in continuous contact with the flue gas to play a certain role in desulfurizing the flue gas, so that the desulfurizing efficiency of the flue gas is improved on one hand, and the effective utilization rate of active coke can be improved on the other hand. The active coke separated by the bag-type dust collector is discharged to the lower section of the desulfurizing tower to contact with the introduced flue gas, and the primary desulfurization is carried out on the flue gas. Because the content of sulfur dioxide in the flue gas introduced into the lower section of the desulfurizing tower is more, even if the adsorption capacity of active coke is reduced, the desulfurizing tower still has a better primary desulfurizing effect on the flue gas. In addition, after the active coke discharged into the lower section adsorbs a large amount of sulfur dioxide, most of the active coke is changed into spent coke, and the spent coke is discharged, so that the early discharge of fresh coke or circulating coke can be avoided, the active coke in the desulfurizing tower is updated in time, and the sulfur capacity and the desulfurizing efficiency of the active coke are improved.
Drawings
The accompanying drawings, which are included to provide a further understanding of the application and are incorporated in and constitute a part of this specification, illustrate embodiments of the application and together with the description serve to explain the application.
FIG. 1 is a schematic diagram of the structure of the present application;
fig. 2 is a schematic side view of the spent coke discharging structure of the present application.
The device comprises a fresh coke bin, a fresh Jiao Geiliao component, a 3 upper section of a desulfurizing tower, a 4 inner component, a 5 lower section of the desulfurizing tower, a 6 spent coke discharging structure, a 7 circulating coke inertial separator, an 8 cloth bag dust remover, a 9 primary circulating Jiao Geiliao component and a 10 secondary circulating coke feeding component.
Detailed Description
It should be noted that the following detailed description is illustrative and is intended to provide further explanation of the application. Unless defined otherwise, all technical and scientific terms used herein have the same meaning as commonly understood by one of ordinary skill in the art to which this application belongs.
It is noted that the terminology used herein is for the purpose of describing particular embodiments only and is not intended to be limiting of exemplary embodiments according to the present application. As used herein, the singular is also intended to include the plural unless the context clearly indicates otherwise, and furthermore, it is to be understood that the terms "comprises" and/or "comprising" when used in this specification are taken to specify the presence of stated features, steps, operations, devices, components, and/or combinations thereof.
As shown in fig. 1, the powder active coke double-circulation fluidized bed desulfurization system is provided with a fresh coke bin 1, a fresh Jiao Geiliao component 2, an upper section 3 of a desulfurization tower, a middle inner component 4 of the desulfurization tower, a lower section 5 of the desulfurization tower, a spent coke discharging and feeding component 6, a circulating coke inertial separator 7, a bag-type dust collector 8, a primary circulation Jiao Geiliao component 9 and a secondary circulation Jiao Geiliao component 10.
The fresh coke bin 1 is connected with the upper section 3 of the desulfurizing tower through a fresh Jiao Geiliao component 2; the upper section 3 of the desulfurizing tower, the middle inner member 4 of the desulfurizing tower and the lower section 5 of the desulfurizing tower form the desulfurizing tower together; the lower section 5 of the desulfurizing tower is connected with a spent coke discharging structure 6, the upper section 3 of the desulfurizing tower is connected with a circulating coke inertial separator 7, the circulating coke inertial separator 7 is connected with the upper section 3 of the desulfurizing tower through a primary circulation Jiao Geiliao component 9, and a bag-type dust remover 8 is connected with the circulating coke inertial separator 7 and is connected with the lower section 5 of the desulfurizing tower through a secondary circulation Jiao Geiliao component 10. As shown in fig. 2, the spent coke discharging structure 6 comprises at least two collecting plates, the inner wall of the desulfurizing tower and the flue gas jetting pipe form a funnel-shaped structure together, a spent coke outlet is arranged at the bottommost part of the funnel-shaped structure, and a flue gas inlet is arranged on the central shaft of the desulfurizing tower; the collecting plates are symmetrically arranged around the flue gas inlet. The spent coke outlet is provided with a gate valve, the lower end of the gate valve is connected with a gas locking feeder, the upper end of the flue gas blowing pipe is higher than the bottommost end of the tower body by 1-3m, the diameter of the flue gas blowing pipe is 1/3-1/2 of the diameter of the tower body, and the top of the funnel-shaped structure is basically level with the upper end of the flue gas blowing pipe. The tower body is obliquely inserted with an inclined feeding pipe, the upper end of the inclined feeding pipe is connected with a solid outlet of a cyclone separator connected to an outlet of the tower body, and the lower end of the inclined feeding pipe extends to the upper end of the flue gas jetting pipe. The powder active coke separated by the cyclone separator is conveniently guided to the upper end of the flue gas jetting pipe for recycling.
The fresh coke bin 1 is used for storing fresh prepared active coke and active coke with fresh desulfurization capability after desulfurization and regeneration. The particle size of the fresh active coke is less than 1mm. The active coke is sent to the upper section 3 of the desulfurizing tower through a fresh Jiao Geiliao component 2. The active coke in the upper section 3 of the desulfurizing tower is adsorbed to sulfur dioxide in the flue gas in a rapid bed mode, enters the circulating coke inertial separator 7 along with the flue gas, is captured and is returned to the upper section 3 of the desulfurizing tower through the first-stage circulation Jiao Geiliao component 9. The active coke which is not completely separated by the circulating coke inertial separator 7 is deeply separated by the bag-type dust remover 8, the separated active coke is sent into the lower section 5 of the desulfurizing tower by the secondary circulation Jiao Geiliao component 10, the active coke in the lower section 5 of the desulfurizing tower is absorbed and desulfurized in a form of a rapid bed, part of the active coke is discharged out of the desulfurizing tower by the spent coke discharging component 6, part of the active coke enters the upper section 3 of the desulfurizing tower by the middle component 4 of the desulfurizing tower, and the deep purification of sulfur dioxide in the flue gas is completed together with the fresh coke which is fed by the fresh Jiao Geiliao component 2 and the circulating coke which is fed by the primary circulation Jiao Geiliao component 9.
The above description is only of the preferred embodiments of the present application and is not intended to limit the present application, but various modifications and variations can be made to the present application by those skilled in the art. Any modification, equivalent replacement, improvement, etc. made within the spirit and principle of the present application should be included in the protection scope of the present application.
Claims (8)
1. A powder active coke double-circulation fluidized bed desulfurization system is characterized in that: comprises a desulfurizing tower, a fresh coke bin, a circulating coke inertial separator and a bag-type dust remover, wherein,
the desulfurizing tower comprises an upper section and a lower section, wherein the upper section and the lower section are connected through an inner member, and the inner member is used for preventing active coke in the upper section from falling into the lower section; the bottom of the lower section is provided with a flue gas inlet and a spent coke discharge structure;
the fresh coke bin is connected with the upper section and is used for adding fresh active coke into the upper section; the top of the upper section is connected with the inlet of the circulating coke inertial separator, the solid outlet of the circulating coke inertial separator is connected with the upper section of the desulfurizing tower, the gas outlet of the circulating coke inertial separator is connected with the bag-type dust remover, and the solid outlet of the bag-type dust remover is connected with the lower section of the desulfurizing tower;
the inner member is connected with the upper section of the desulfurizing tower through a divergent section;
the solid outlet of the circulating coke inertial separator is connected with the bottom of the upper section of the desulfurizing tower;
the flue gas after dust removal flows upwards from the lower part of the desulfurizing tower to contact and desulfurize the circulating coke in the lower section of the desulfurizing tower, then flows upwards continuously, flows into the upper section of the desulfurizing tower, contacts with the circulating coke and fresh coke in the upper section of the desulfurizing tower in sequence, and desulfurizes;
when the flue gas flows out of the upper section of the desulfurizing tower, the active coke carried by the flue gas flows through a circulating coke inertial separator to be partially separated, and the separated circulating coke is added into the upper section of the desulfurizing tower;
the flue gas separated by the circulating coke inertial separator flows through the bag-type dust collector, circulating coke in the flue gas forms continuously updated activity Jiao Lvceng on the surface of a filter material of the bag-type dust collector, the flue gas contacts with activity Jiao Lvceng, secondary desulfurization of the flue gas is realized, and the active coke after the secondary desulfurization is collected by the bag-type dust collector and is added to the lower section of the desulfurizing tower.
2. The powder activated coke dual cycle fluid bed desulfurization system of claim 1, wherein: the fresh coke bin is connected with the upper section of the desulfurizing tower 1-2 m above the diverging section.
3. The powder activated coke dual cycle fluid bed desulfurization system of claim 1, wherein: the bottom of the lower section of the desulfurizing tower is provided with a second divergent section, and a solid outlet of the bag-type dust collector is connected with the position 1-2 m above the second divergent section and is used for guiding active coke to the central shaft position of the lower section of the desulfurizing tower through a guide pipe.
4. The powder activated coke dual cycle fluid bed desulfurization system of claim 1, wherein: the spent coke discharging structure comprises a tower body, a collecting plate assembly and a flue gas blowing pipe, wherein the collecting plate assembly comprises a plurality of collecting plates which are arranged in the tower body and are symmetrically arranged on the section of the tower body; the flue gas blowing pipe is arranged on the axis of the tower body;
the tower body inner wall, the collecting plate component and the flue gas jetting pipe jointly enclose a plurality of funnel-shaped structures, and the bottommost part of each funnel-shaped structure is provided with a spent coke outlet.
5. The powder activated coke dual cycle fluid bed desulfurization system of claim 4, wherein: the included angle between the collecting plate and the horizontal direction is not smaller than 60 degrees.
6. The powder activated coke dual cycle fluid bed desulfurization system of claim 4, wherein: the spent coke outlet is provided with a gate valve, and the lower end of the gate valve is connected with an air locking feeder.
7. The powder activated coke dual cycle fluid bed desulfurization system of claim 6, wherein: the upper end of the flue gas blowing pipe is higher than the bottommost end of the tower body by 1-3m, the diameter of the flue gas blowing pipe is 1/3-1/2 of the diameter of the tower body, and the top of the funnel-shaped structure is basically level with the upper end of the flue gas blowing pipe.
8. The powder activated coke dual cycle fluid bed desulfurization system of claim 1, wherein: the separation efficiency of the circulating coke inertial separator on the circulating coke in the flue gas is 70-90%.
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| CN110075662A (en) * | 2019-05-31 | 2019-08-02 | 中石化炼化工程（集团）股份有限公司 | The device and method of SOx and NOx pollutant in a kind of removing regeneration fume from catalytic cracking |
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