A kind of New cross-convective gas cleaning adsorption tower
Technical field
The present invention relates to a kind of activated coke Dry Adsorption tower being boiler of power plant, metallurgy, waste incineration and chemical industry waste gas and carrying out desulfurization, be specifically related to a kind of New cross-convective gas cleaning adsorption tower.
Technical background
In coal fired power plant flue gas desulfurization field, current more than 90% adopt be all lime stone-gypsum wet flue gas desulfurizing technique, although this technique technology maturation, be widely used, but its shortcoming also displays gradually in application process: 1) water consumption is high: for the flue gas in power station boiler desulfurizer not establishing flue gas heat-exchange unit GGH, amount to the water consumption of every gigawatt unit up to 150 ~ 200m
3/ h; 2) chimney anticorrosion and " gypsum rain " problem: the exiting flue gas of wet desulphurization device is saturated wet flue gas, must carry out high-grade anticorrosion, also may occur chimney " gypsum rain " problem, cause secondary pollution to surrounding enviroment chimney; 3) neat stress drop carries problem: the drop carried in neat stress is the gypsum slurries of about 20% concentration, wherein containing certain solid particle, enters in air and is dust pollution; 4) lime stone is exploited in a large number and is piled up problem with gypsum: owing to extensively adopting lime stone-gypsum wet flue gas desulfurizing technique, cause large quantities of lime tor to be exploited, also cause the desulfurated plaster of some areas to pile up.
According to China coal electricity development plan, future will focus the consruction on large-scale coal-electricity base, and the rich coal area of China is mainly positioned at the north, also water-deficient area just.Activated coke dry FGD process technique water consumption is little, and comparatively conventional wet desulfurization water saving more than 90%, and adsorbent activity Jiao produced by coal, and accessory substance is that concentrated sulfuric acid resourcebility utilizes, and large quantities of lime stone can not be caused to exploit and gypsum accumulation problem.In addition, in environmental protection key area, environmental carrying capacity is little, and environmental protection standard is strict, and activated coke flue gas purifying technique can to SO
2, SO
3, NOx, HCl, HF, Hg, fine solid particle etc. efficient removal carry out while, and there is no " gypsum rain " of conventional wet desulfurization, the problem such as neat stress drop carries, very strict environmental protection standard can be met, be applicable to the gas cleaning of environmentally sensitive area.
In addition, for the purified treatment of steel sintering flue gas, flue gas of refuse burning, activated coke can adsorb wherein bioxin pollutant simultaneously, and traditional wet desulfurizing process cannot effectively remove by Dui bioxin.Therefore, activated coke is applicable to the multi-pollutant removing in sinter fume and flue gas of refuse burning and deep purifying.
Adsorption tower is the nucleus equipment of activated coke desulfurization technique, but this technique is just in the starting stage in the application of China, and especially the China that is applied in of power plant's scale there is no achievement, and therefore China needs the Novel adsorption tower structure that exploitation has independent intellectual property right badly.
Summary of the invention
In order to solve above-mentioned prior art Problems existing, the object of the present invention is to provide a kind of New cross-convective gas cleaning adsorption tower, there is pollutant removing efficiency high, SR is little, activated coke utilization rate is high, internal circulating load is little, breakage rate is low, cloth is even, the feature that the smooth and easy plant running of discharging is stable.
For reaching above object, the present invention adopts following technical scheme:
A kind of New cross-convective gas cleaning adsorption tower, comprise feed hopper 1, feed hopper 1 bottom arranges distributing device 2, distributing device 2 bottom is provided with the activated coke bed 9 that cross section is annular, activated coke bed 9 inside is middle flue gas collection chamber 6, outside is divided into the neat stress collection chamber 4 on top and the former flue gas cloth air chamber 10 of bottom by double-deck toroidal membrane 8, be communicated with by middle flue gas collection chamber grid 7 between described activated coke bed 9 with middle flue gas collection chamber 6, be communicated with by neat stress gas collection grid 5 between activated coke bed 9 with neat stress collection chamber 4, be communicated with by former flue gas air inlet grid 11 between activated coke bed 9 with former flue gas cloth air chamber 10, described neat stress collection chamber 4 top is provided with the exhaust pass 3 be communicated with it, described former flue gas cloth air chamber 10 bottom is provided with the former smoke inlet flue 12 be communicated with it, described activated coke bed 9 bottom is provided with double-deck dump skip, described double-deck dump skip comprises upper strata dump skip 13 and lower floor's dump skip 14, the line in the line in sideline, dump skip 13 outer panel bottom surface, described upper strata and lower floor's dump skip 14 outer panel end face sideline and sideline, upper strata dump skip 13 interior plate bottom surface and lower floor's dump skip 14 interior plate end face sideline and the angle of horizontal plane are less than the angle of repose of activated coke, lower floor's dump skip 14 bottom is provided with discharge valve 15, and described middle flue gas collection chamber 6 bottom is provided with ash bucket 16, and ash bucket 16 bottom is provided with unloading valve 17, the cross section of described activated coke bed 9, former flue gas cloth air chamber 10, neat stress collection chamber 4 and whole tower body is annular.
The described middle bus of flue gas collection chamber grid 7 and the angle α of vertical direction are 0.5 ~ 5 °.
The angle of described upper strata dump skip 13 outer panel and horizontal plane is greater than the angle of interior plate and horizontal plane.
The shape of described distributing device 2 is cone.
Distance between described double-deck toroidal membrane 8 is two-layer is greater than 2 times of activated coke bed 9 average thickness.
The average thickness D of described activated coke bed 9 is 0.8 ~ 2.5m.
Described double-deck dump skip adopts subregion to arrange, number of partitions is 1,2,3,4,6,9,12.
Compared to the prior art, tool has the following advantages in the present invention:
1, adsorption tower entirety of the present invention is in annular, compared with square tower, has structure simple, saves material, and be easy to maximize, discharging is smooth, not easily occurs dead point, and stress can be avoided to concentrate; Dump skip adopts double-deck dump skip, and boiler smoke is divided into two-way according to drag size after entering former flue gas cloth air chamber, and a road direction forms cross-flow with adsorption tower, and another part enters and forms convection current with activated coke bed in the middle of double-deck dump skip.So just when not increasing SR, forming mistake-convection current and combining, thus ensure that outlet activated coke has higher saturation degree; The line in the line in sideline, dump skip outer panel bottom surface, upper strata and lower floor's dump skip outer panel end face sideline and sideline, dump skip interior plate bottom surface, upper strata and lower floor's dump skip interior plate end face sideline and the angle of horizontal plane are less than the angle of repose of activated coke, and activated coke can not be flowed out between upper strata dump skip and lower floor's dump skip.
2, adsorption tower of the present invention is divided into two sections by double-deck hoop dividing plate, activated coke relies on gravity to flow from top to bottom, the higher activated coke of bottom saturation degree first with former smoke contacts, activated coke saturation degree is increased further, the flue gas of partial desulfurization contacts with top fresh activity Jiao through middle flue gas collection chamber again, thus ensures higher desulfuration efficiency.Compare existing single hop cross-flow technology, it is high that the present invention exports activated coke saturation degree, and greatly, desulfuration efficiency is high for overall absorption Sulfur capacity, thus activated coke loadings and internal circulating load reduce, and adsorption tower volume reduces, and breakage rate reduces, and builds and operating cost reduction; And upper semisection height SO
2first concentration flue gas contacts with bed inside active Jiao, makes the burnt saturation degree of inside active burnt higher than outer active, after activated coke enters lower semisection, and high concentration SO
2first flue gas contacts with bed outer active Jiao, makes outlet activated coke saturation degree be tending towards even.
3, in the middle of the present invention, the bus of flue gas collection chamber grid 7 and the angle α of vertical direction are 0.5 ~ 5 °, therefore, make activated coke bed cross section at right angles trapezoidal, thickness of bed layer reduces gradually along with highly increasing, thus makes bed height higher, and flue gas flow is larger, the burnt freshness of upper active is higher simultaneously, thus making whole adsorption tower desulfuration efficiency higher, the time of staying of activated coke in tower increases, and internal circulating load reduces.
4, the angle of upper strata of the present invention dump skip outer panel and horizontal plane is greater than the angle of interior plate and horizontal plane, ensures that the activated coke flowing velocity that outside activated coke bed, saturation degree is larger is greater than the lower activated coke of inner side saturation degree by adjustment angle.Just activated coke laminar flow can be realized like this when not increasing deflector.
5, the shape of distributing device of the present invention is cone, and top single-point feed just can realize the even feeding of whole system, reduces the requirement to induction system.
Accompanying drawing explanation
Fig. 1 is adsorption tower front view of the present invention.
Fig. 2 is adsorption tower top view of the present invention.
Fig. 3 is that activated coke bed launches profile.
Fig. 4 is double-layer hopper stereogram.
Detailed description of the invention
Below in conjunction with drawings and the specific embodiments, the present invention is described in further detail.
As depicted in figs. 1 and 2, a kind of New cross-convective gas cleaning of the present invention adsorption tower, comprise feed hopper 1, feed hopper 1 bottom arranges distributing device 2, distributing device 2 bottom is provided with the activated coke bed 9 that cross section is annular, activated coke bed 9 inside is middle flue gas collection chamber 6, outside is divided into the neat stress collection chamber 4 on top and the former flue gas cloth air chamber 10 of bottom by double-deck toroidal membrane 8, be communicated with by middle flue gas collection chamber grid 7 between described activated coke bed 9 with middle flue gas collection chamber 6, be communicated with by neat stress gas collection grid 5 between activated coke bed 9 with neat stress collection chamber 4, be communicated with by former flue gas air inlet grid 11 between activated coke bed 9 with former flue gas cloth air chamber 10, described neat stress collection chamber 4 top is provided with the exhaust pass 3 be communicated with it, described former flue gas cloth air chamber 10 bottom is provided with the former smoke inlet flue 12 be communicated with it, described activated coke bed 9 bottom is provided with double-deck dump skip, described double-deck dump skip comprises upper strata dump skip 13 and lower floor's dump skip 14, the line in the line in sideline, dump skip 13 outer panel bottom surface, described upper strata and lower floor's dump skip 14 outer panel end face sideline and sideline, upper strata dump skip 13 interior plate bottom surface and lower floor's dump skip 14 interior plate end face sideline and the angle of horizontal plane are less than the angle of repose of activated coke, lower floor's dump skip 14 bottom is provided with discharge valve 15, and described middle flue gas collection chamber 6 bottom is provided with ash bucket 16, and ash bucket 16 bottom is provided with unloading valve 17, the cross section of described activated coke bed 9, former flue gas cloth air chamber 10, neat stress collection chamber 4 and whole tower body is annular.
As the preferred embodiment of the present invention, the described middle bus of flue gas collection chamber grid 7 and the angle α of vertical direction are 0.5 ~ 5 °, make activated coke bed cross section be up-narrow and down-wide right-angled trapezium.
As the preferred embodiment of the present invention, the angle of described upper strata dump skip 13 outer panel and horizontal plane is greater than the angle of interior plate and horizontal plane.
As the preferred embodiment of the present invention, the shape of described distributing device 2 is cone.
As the preferred embodiment of the present invention, the distance between described double-deck toroidal membrane 8 is two-layer is greater than 2 times of activated coke bed 9 average thickness.
As the preferred embodiment of the present invention, the average thickness D of described activated coke bed 9 is 0.8 ~ 2.5m.
Operation principle of the present invention is: activated coke is fed by feed hopper 1, by conic distributor 2, activated coke is uniformly distributed in bed, boiler smoke enters adsorption tower from former smoke inlet flue 12, air velocity declines, according to the difference of adsorption tower bottom bed layer resistance, part of smoke enters from the centre of upper strata dump skip 13 and lower floor's dump skip 14, convection current is formed with activated coke vertically downward, another part flue gas passes perpendicularly through activated coke bed through former flue gas air inlet grid 11, form cross-flow, make adsorption column outlet activated coke reach highly saturated.Two parts flue gas mixes in middle flue gas collection chamber 6, continues up, and the activated coke passing perpendicularly through upper semisection activated coke bed 9 fresh with upper semisection again contacts, and collects, flow out adsorption tower from exhaust pass 3 through neat stress collection chamber 4.Activated coke relies on gravity to decline, and the multiple discharge valves along the circumferential direction arranged by bottom flow out adsorption tower.
As shown in Figure 1, flue gas gas collection grid bus and vertical direction α in a certain angle in the middle of the present invention, activated coke bed cross section is trapezoidal, thickness of bed layer reduces gradually along with highly increasing, thus makes bed height higher, and flue gas flow is larger, the burnt freshness of upper active is higher simultaneously, thus making whole adsorption tower desulfuration efficiency higher, the time of staying of activated coke in tower increases, and internal circulating load reduces.
As shown in Figure 3, described double-deck dump skip adopts subregion to arrange, the present embodiment number of partitions is 6.
As shown in Figure 4, dump skip of the present invention adopts double-layer hopper, and boiler smoke is divided into two-way according to drag size after entering former flue gas cloth air chamber, and a road direction forms cross-flow with adsorption tower, and another part enters and forms convection current with activated coke bed in the middle of double-layer hopper.So just when not increasing SR, forming mistake-convection current and combining, thus ensure that outlet activated coke has higher saturation degree.
As shown in Figure 4, the line in sideline, dump skip 13 outer panel bottom surface, upper strata of the present invention and lower floor's dump skip 14 outer panel end face sideline and the line in sideline, upper strata dump skip 13 interior plate bottom surface and lower floor's dump skip 14 interior plate end face sideline and the angle of horizontal plane are less than the angle of repose of activated coke; Ensure that activated coke is shown in smooth outflow at double-layer hopper, avoid activated coke to enter former flue gas cloth air chamber or middle flue gas collection chamber.
As shown in Figure 4, the angle of upper strata of the present invention dump skip outer panel and horizontal plane is greater than the angle of interior plate and horizontal plane.Ensure that the activated coke flowing velocity that outside activated coke bed, saturation degree is larger is greater than the lower activated coke of inner side saturation degree by adjustment angle.Just activated coke laminar flow can be realized like this when not increasing deflector.
The whole housing structure of the present invention adopts cylindric, inside arranges conic distributor, bottom arranges and along the circumferential direction arranges multiple dump skip, so not only ensure that discharging is smooth and easy, there is not stagnant area, and just can realize even feeding by single-point, major axis roller-type discharging device need not be arranged, reduce the requirement to induction system.Adopt adsorption tower of the present invention, in flue gas, pollutant removing efficiency is high, SO
2removal efficiency is greater than 96%, SO
3, the removal efficiency of HCl, HF is greater than 98%, and the removal efficiency of heavy metal Hg is greater than 90%, and efficiency of dust collection is greater than 80%; Meanwhile, the present invention also has that feed is convenient evenly, blanking is smooth, activated coke utilization rate is high, be easy to the advantages such as maximization.