CN108143469B

CN108143469B - Puncture sheath

Info

Publication number: CN108143469B
Application number: CN201611094701.1A
Authority: CN
Inventors: 潘湘斌
Original assignee: Individual
Current assignee: Individual
Priority date: 2016-12-02
Filing date: 2016-12-02
Publication date: 2020-05-26
Anticipated expiration: 2036-12-02
Also published as: CN108143469A

Abstract

The invention discloses a puncture sheath tube which is characterized by comprising an outer sheath tube, wherein a puncture needle core only used for puncturing the surface of skin is arranged in the outer sheath tube, the head part of the outer sheath tube is changed from closed state to open state in the puncture process, when the head part of the outer sheath tube is closed, subcutaneous tissues can be punctured until the head part of the outer sheath tube penetrates through the chest wall or the abdominal wall, and the head part of the outer sheath tube is opened to form an umbrella shape after penetrating through the chest wall or the abdominal wall. The puncture sheath tube is not easy to cause damage to the heart, the lung and the visceral organs in the abdominal cavity, is convenient to operate, simple in structure, easy for industrial production and has a good medical effect.

Description

Puncture sheath

Technical Field

The invention relates to a medical puncture sheath tube, in particular to a puncture sheath tube for pericardium or pleuroperitoneal cavity operation, belonging to the technical field of medical instruments.

Background

Puncture treatment is used as an examination or operation treatment method, causes little wound to a patient and has better effect. However, since puncturing cannot be performed by direct detection with the naked eye of a human being, there is a certain risk. The existing puncture needle mainly comprises an outer sleeve and a needle core, wherein in order to puncture a human body, the end part of the outer sleeve is often made into a needle shape with an inclined plane, and the needle point of the needle core corresponding to the outer sleeve is also the needle point with the inclined plane. The needle-shaped structure has a good effect on penetrating through the chest wall, but the heart or the lung is easily damaged after penetrating through the chest wall, so serious complications are caused, particularly, the pericardium is close to the heart, the distance between the pericardium and the heart is changed continuously when the heart is relaxed, the heart is easily punctured by the puncture needle, and the puncture risk is increased.

Disclosure of Invention

The technical problem to be solved by the invention is as follows: avoid the puncture to cause the damage to heart or lung.

In order to solve the technical problem, the technical scheme of the invention is to provide a puncture sheath, which is characterized by comprising an outer sheath, wherein a puncture needle core only used for puncturing the surface of skin is arranged in the outer sheath, the head part of the outer sheath is changed from closed to open in the puncture process, when the head part of the outer sheath is closed, subcutaneous tissue can be punctured until the subcutaneous tissue penetrates through the chest wall or the abdominal wall, the end surface of the head part of the outer sheath, which is punctured into the subcutaneous tissue, is a blunt and smooth plane, and the head part of the outer sheath is opened into an umbrella shape after penetrating through the chest wall or the abdominal wall.

Preferably, the lancet is withdrawn immediately after piercing the skin surface.

Preferably, the puncture needle core comprises a needle head and a needle body, and the needle head is conical and is in smooth transition with the needle body.

Preferably, the puncture outfit further comprises a mechanism for controlling the head part of the outer sheath to change from closed to open, and during the puncture process, force is continuously applied to the head part of the outer sheath, so that the head part of the outer sheath gradually opens like an umbrella after penetrating through the chest wall or the abdominal wall.

Preferably, the head of the outer sheath comprises at least 3 branches which can be contracted or bent outwards and opened, after all the branches are contracted, the head of the outer sheath is closed, and after all the branches are bent outwards and opened, the head of the outer sheath is opened.

Preferably, the mechanism comprises a plurality of control wires, each control wire controls at least one of the bifurcations to contract or to bend outwards, and the control wires are continuously pushed forwards during the puncture process, so that after the head part of the outer sheath tube penetrates through the chest wall or the abdominal wall, each bifurcation is gradually bent outwards and opened like an umbrella.

Preferably, the end surface of the head of the outer sheath tube, which penetrates into subcutaneous tissue, is a blunt and smooth plane.

Preferably, the outer sheath head is closed in a tube cone shape.

Preferably, the outer sheath has an outer diameter of 2 to 6.5 mm, a wall thickness of 0.2 mm and an inner diameter of 1.5 to 5.5 mm.

Preferably, the puncture needle core is made of stainless steel; the outer sheath tube is made of polyurethane or carbon fiber material; the shape of the outer sheath tube is a straight tube or a bendable interventional catheter.

Compared with the prior art, the invention has the following beneficial effects:

because the sheath tube is a flat port, the heart can not be punctured, and the safety is greatly improved.

The puncture sheath tube adopts a structure that the outer sheath tube is combined with the puncture needle core, the front end of the outer sheath tube is a smooth plane, the puncture needle core can be immediately drawn out from the outer sheath tube after puncturing the surface of skin, then the conical head of the outer sheath tube is adopted to continue puncturing, and after the puncture needle core is punctured into subcutaneous tissue, the control steel wire is continuously pushed forward, so that the head of the outer sheath tube has the tendency of opening to be umbrella-shaped, but before the outer sheath tube penetrates through the chest wall or the abdominal wall, the head of the outer sheath tube cannot be opened to keep the conical shape of the tube due to the wrapping of the chest wall or the abdominal wall tissue of a human body, and the continuous penetration of the chest wall or the abdominal wall. After the sheath tube penetrates through the chest wall or the abdominal wall, the head of the sheath tube enters the pleural cavity or the peritoneal cavity and loses the wrapping of tissues of the chest wall or the abdominal wall, and the control steel wire which is continuously pushed forward enables the bifurcation of the head of the sheath tube to be gradually bent outwards and unfolded to be umbrella-shaped. The puncture sheath tube is not easy to cause damage to the heart, the lung and the visceral organs in the abdominal cavity, is convenient to operate, has a simple structure and is easy for industrial production.

Drawings

FIG. 1 is a schematic view of the puncture sheath according to the present invention when the sheath head is retracted;

FIG. 2 is a cross-sectional view of the outer sheath of the puncture sheath of the present invention;

FIG. 3 is a schematic structural view of a puncture needle core of the puncture sheath according to the present invention;

FIG. 4 is a schematic structural view of the puncture sheath of the present invention after the outer sheath passes through the surface of the thoracic cavity or abdominal cavity and the head is opened to form an umbrella shape;

wherein: 1-sheath canal; 2-puncture needle core; 3-bifurcation; 4-control the steel wire; 5-a needle head; 6-needle body.

Detailed Description

In order to make the invention more comprehensible, preferred embodiments are described in detail below with reference to the accompanying drawings.

As shown in fig. 1, the puncture sheath provided by the invention comprises an outer sheath 1 and a puncture needle core 2. The puncture needle core 2 can be arranged in the outer sheath tube 1 when in use, and the outer diameter of the puncture needle core 2 is matched with the inner diameter of the outer sheath tube 1.

Referring to fig. 3, the puncture needle core 2 is made of stainless steel and comprises a needle head 5 and a needle body 6, wherein the needle head 5 is conical and is in smooth transition with the needle body 6.

The sheath tube 1 is made of polyurethane or carbon fiber material, and the tube body of the sheath tube 1 is a straight tube or a bendable interventional catheter. The outer diameter of the sheath tube 1 is 2-6.5 mm, the wall thickness is 0.2 mm, and the inner diameter is 1.5-5.5 mm. Referring to fig. 2, the head of the outer sheath 1 is uniformly cut along the outer circumference to form three branches 3, and three control wires 4 are provided inside the outer sheath 1, each control wire 4 is connected to one branch 3, and the branches 3 at the head of the outer sheath 1 are adjusted by the control wires 4 to contract into a cone shape or to be bent outwards and opened into an umbrella shape. When the three branches 3 are all contracted, the head of the outer sheath tube 1 is closed to be in a cone shape, and the front end face of the head of the outer sheath tube 1 is a smooth plane. Referring to fig. 4, when all three branches 3 are bent outward and opened, the head of the sheath tube 1 is opened to form a cone.

When the sheath tube for puncture provided by the invention is used, the puncture needle core 2 is arranged in the sheath tube 1, and the tip of the needle head 5 of the puncture needle core 2 extends out of the head of the sheath tube 1. When the needle head 5 of the puncture needle core 2 of the puncture sheath tube punctures the skin on the outer layer of the thoracic cavity, the puncture needle core 2 retreats from the outer sheath tube 1. Then, the control steel wire 4 is continuously pushed forwards, so that the head of the outer sheath tube 1 has the tendency of opening to form an umbrella shape, but before the outer sheath tube 1 penetrates through the chest wall or the abdominal wall, the head of the outer sheath tube 1 cannot be opened due to the wrapping of tissues of the chest wall or the abdominal wall of a human body, so that the cone shape of the outer sheath tube 1 is maintained, and the continuous penetration through the chest wall or the abdominal wall is facilitated. After the sheath tube 1 penetrates through the chest wall or the abdominal wall, the head of the sheath tube 1 enters the pleural cavity or the peritoneal cavity to lose the wrapping of the tissues of the chest wall or the abdominal wall, and at the moment, the control steel wire 4 which is continuously pushed forwards enables the bifurcation 3 at the head of the sheath tube 1 to be gradually bent outwards and opened in an umbrella shape. Then, the intrathoracic liquid is pumped or the medicine is injected or the guide wire is put into the intrathoracic cavity through the external sheath tube 1 according to the requirement. The front end surface of the head of the external sheath tube 1 can automatically open into an umbrella shape after entering the thoracic cavity or the abdominal cavity, so that the tissues such as the heart and the like can not be punctured.

In another specific embodiment of the invention, the material of the outer sheath tube 1 is titanium alloy or polyurethane or carbon fiber material, the conical head of the outer sheath tube 1 is cut and formed into three branches along the periphery in the longitudinal direction, and the three branches can be elastically expanded to form an umbrella shape, the inner side of each branch is connected with a control steel wire 4, when the head of the outer sheath tube 1 needs to be in the conical shape to be pierced, the control steel wire is tensioned, and the branches 3 of the outer sheath tube 1 are contracted inwards; when the thoracic cavity is punctured, the control steel wire is pushed forward, so that the bifurcation of the sheath tube 1 automatically opens to form an umbrella shape, and the internal organs are prevented from being punctured; when the operation is finished and the outer sheath tube 1 of the puncture sheath tube needs to be pulled out of the surface of the thoracic cavity of the patient, the control steel wire 4 is tightened again, so that the bifurcation 3 of the outer sheath tube 1 is contracted inwards to form a cone-shaped head, and the greater damage to the surface of the thoracic cavity of the patient caused by pulling out is avoided.

It should be understood that the above embodiments are only examples for clearly illustrating the present invention, and are not intended to limit the present invention. Other variations and modifications will be apparent to persons skilled in the art in light of the above description. And are neither required nor exhaustive of all embodiments. And obvious variations or modifications therefrom are intended to be within the scope of the invention.

Claims

1. A puncture sheath tube for pericardial operation, which comprises an outer sheath tube, a puncture needle core only used for puncturing the surface of skin in the outer sheath tube, and a mechanism for controlling the head of the outer sheath tube to be changed from closed to open, wherein the puncture needle core is drawn out immediately after puncturing the skin during the puncture, the head of the outer sheath tube is changed from closed to open, when the head of the outer sheath tube is closed, the puncture needle core can puncture subcutaneous tissues until penetrating the chest wall, the head of the outer sheath tube is opened in an umbrella shape after penetrating the chest wall, during the puncture, force is continuously applied to the head of the outer sheath tube through the mechanism, so that the head of the outer sheath tube is gradually opened in the umbrella shape after penetrating the chest wall, the head of the outer sheath tube comprises at least 3 branches which can be contracted or bent and opened outwards, and after all the branches are contracted, the head of the outer sheath tube is closed, after all the branches are bent outwards and opened, the head of the outer sheath tube is opened, and the head of the outer sheath tube is closed to form a cone shape; the end face of the head of the outer sheath tube, which is penetrated into subcutaneous tissues, is an obtuse smooth plane, the outer diameter of the outer sheath tube is 2-6.5 mm, the wall thickness is 0.2 mm, the inner diameter is 1.5-5.5 mm, and the outer sheath tube is made of titanium alloy.

2. The puncture sheath according to claim 1, wherein the puncture needle core comprises a needle head and a needle body, and the needle head is tapered and smoothly transits to the needle body.

3. The puncture sheath according to claim 1, wherein the mechanism comprises a plurality of control wires, each control wire controlling at least one of the bifurcations to contract or to bend outward and to be pushed forward continuously during the puncture, so that after the head of the outer sheath has penetrated the chest wall, the bifurcations gradually bend outward and expand in an umbrella shape.

4. The puncture sheath according to any one of claims 1 to 3, wherein the puncture needle core is made of stainless steel; the shape of the outer sheath tube is a straight tube or a bendable interventional catheter.