CN108139028B - Gas supply device and gas supply method - Google Patents

Gas supply device and gas supply method Download PDF

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Publication number
CN108139028B
CN108139028B CN201680057037.5A CN201680057037A CN108139028B CN 108139028 B CN108139028 B CN 108139028B CN 201680057037 A CN201680057037 A CN 201680057037A CN 108139028 B CN108139028 B CN 108139028B
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China
Prior art keywords
gas
vaporizer
heat medium
compression
compressing
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CN201680057037.5A
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Chinese (zh)
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CN108139028A (en
Inventor
藤泽彰利
名仓见治
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Kobe Steel Ltd
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Kobe Steel Ltd
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    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F17—STORING OR DISTRIBUTING GASES OR LIQUIDS
    • F17C—VESSELS FOR CONTAINING OR STORING COMPRESSED, LIQUEFIED OR SOLIDIFIED GASES; FIXED-CAPACITY GAS-HOLDERS; FILLING VESSELS WITH, OR DISCHARGING FROM VESSELS, COMPRESSED, LIQUEFIED, OR SOLIDIFIED GASES
    • F17C5/00—Methods or apparatus for filling containers with liquefied, solidified, or compressed gases under pressures
    • F17C5/06—Methods or apparatus for filling containers with liquefied, solidified, or compressed gases under pressures for filling with compressed gases
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B67—OPENING, CLOSING OR CLEANING BOTTLES, JARS OR SIMILAR CONTAINERS; LIQUID HANDLING
    • B67D—DISPENSING, DELIVERING OR TRANSFERRING LIQUIDS, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
    • B67D7/00—Apparatus or devices for transferring liquids from bulk storage containers or reservoirs into vehicles or into portable containers, e.g. for retail sale purposes
    • B67D7/06—Details or accessories
    • B67D7/58—Arrangements of pumps
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B67—OPENING, CLOSING OR CLEANING BOTTLES, JARS OR SIMILAR CONTAINERS; LIQUID HANDLING
    • B67D—DISPENSING, DELIVERING OR TRANSFERRING LIQUIDS, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
    • B67D7/00—Apparatus or devices for transferring liquids from bulk storage containers or reservoirs into vehicles or into portable containers, e.g. for retail sale purposes
    • B67D7/06—Details or accessories
    • B67D7/78—Arrangements of storage tanks, reservoirs or pipe-lines
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F17—STORING OR DISTRIBUTING GASES OR LIQUIDS
    • F17C—VESSELS FOR CONTAINING OR STORING COMPRESSED, LIQUEFIED OR SOLIDIFIED GASES; FIXED-CAPACITY GAS-HOLDERS; FILLING VESSELS WITH, OR DISCHARGING FROM VESSELS, COMPRESSED, LIQUEFIED, OR SOLIDIFIED GASES
    • F17C7/00—Methods or apparatus for discharging liquefied, solidified, or compressed gases from pressure vessels, not covered by another subclass
    • F17C7/02—Discharging liquefied gases
    • F17C7/04—Discharging liquefied gases with change of state, e.g. vaporisation
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F17—STORING OR DISTRIBUTING GASES OR LIQUIDS
    • F17C—VESSELS FOR CONTAINING OR STORING COMPRESSED, LIQUEFIED OR SOLIDIFIED GASES; FIXED-CAPACITY GAS-HOLDERS; FILLING VESSELS WITH, OR DISCHARGING FROM VESSELS, COMPRESSED, LIQUEFIED, OR SOLIDIFIED GASES
    • F17C9/00—Methods or apparatus for discharging liquefied or solidified gases from vessels not under pressure
    • F17C9/02—Methods or apparatus for discharging liquefied or solidified gases from vessels not under pressure with change of state, e.g. vaporisation
    • F17C9/04—Recovery of thermal energy
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F17—STORING OR DISTRIBUTING GASES OR LIQUIDS
    • F17C—VESSELS FOR CONTAINING OR STORING COMPRESSED, LIQUEFIED OR SOLIDIFIED GASES; FIXED-CAPACITY GAS-HOLDERS; FILLING VESSELS WITH, OR DISCHARGING FROM VESSELS, COMPRESSED, LIQUEFIED, OR SOLIDIFIED GASES
    • F17C2205/00—Vessel construction, in particular mounting arrangements, attachments or identifications means
    • F17C2205/03—Fluid connections, filters, valves, closure means or other attachments
    • F17C2205/0302—Fittings, valves, filters, or components in connection with the gas storage device
    • F17C2205/0323—Valves
    • F17C2205/0326—Valves electrically actuated
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F17—STORING OR DISTRIBUTING GASES OR LIQUIDS
    • F17C—VESSELS FOR CONTAINING OR STORING COMPRESSED, LIQUEFIED OR SOLIDIFIED GASES; FIXED-CAPACITY GAS-HOLDERS; FILLING VESSELS WITH, OR DISCHARGING FROM VESSELS, COMPRESSED, LIQUEFIED, OR SOLIDIFIED GASES
    • F17C2221/00—Handled fluid, in particular type of fluid
    • F17C2221/01—Pure fluids
    • F17C2221/012—Hydrogen
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F17—STORING OR DISTRIBUTING GASES OR LIQUIDS
    • F17C—VESSELS FOR CONTAINING OR STORING COMPRESSED, LIQUEFIED OR SOLIDIFIED GASES; FIXED-CAPACITY GAS-HOLDERS; FILLING VESSELS WITH, OR DISCHARGING FROM VESSELS, COMPRESSED, LIQUEFIED, OR SOLIDIFIED GASES
    • F17C2223/00—Handled fluid before transfer, i.e. state of fluid when stored in the vessel or before transfer from the vessel
    • F17C2223/01—Handled fluid before transfer, i.e. state of fluid when stored in the vessel or before transfer from the vessel characterised by the phase
    • F17C2223/0146—Two-phase
    • F17C2223/0153—Liquefied gas, e.g. LPG, GPL
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F17—STORING OR DISTRIBUTING GASES OR LIQUIDS
    • F17C—VESSELS FOR CONTAINING OR STORING COMPRESSED, LIQUEFIED OR SOLIDIFIED GASES; FIXED-CAPACITY GAS-HOLDERS; FILLING VESSELS WITH, OR DISCHARGING FROM VESSELS, COMPRESSED, LIQUEFIED, OR SOLIDIFIED GASES
    • F17C2223/00—Handled fluid before transfer, i.e. state of fluid when stored in the vessel or before transfer from the vessel
    • F17C2223/03—Handled fluid before transfer, i.e. state of fluid when stored in the vessel or before transfer from the vessel characterised by the pressure level
    • F17C2223/033—Small pressure, e.g. for liquefied gas
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F17—STORING OR DISTRIBUTING GASES OR LIQUIDS
    • F17C—VESSELS FOR CONTAINING OR STORING COMPRESSED, LIQUEFIED OR SOLIDIFIED GASES; FIXED-CAPACITY GAS-HOLDERS; FILLING VESSELS WITH, OR DISCHARGING FROM VESSELS, COMPRESSED, LIQUEFIED, OR SOLIDIFIED GASES
    • F17C2223/00—Handled fluid before transfer, i.e. state of fluid when stored in the vessel or before transfer from the vessel
    • F17C2223/04—Handled fluid before transfer, i.e. state of fluid when stored in the vessel or before transfer from the vessel characterised by other properties of handled fluid before transfer
    • F17C2223/042—Localisation of the removal point
    • F17C2223/043—Localisation of the removal point in the gas
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F17—STORING OR DISTRIBUTING GASES OR LIQUIDS
    • F17C—VESSELS FOR CONTAINING OR STORING COMPRESSED, LIQUEFIED OR SOLIDIFIED GASES; FIXED-CAPACITY GAS-HOLDERS; FILLING VESSELS WITH, OR DISCHARGING FROM VESSELS, COMPRESSED, LIQUEFIED, OR SOLIDIFIED GASES
    • F17C2223/00—Handled fluid before transfer, i.e. state of fluid when stored in the vessel or before transfer from the vessel
    • F17C2223/04—Handled fluid before transfer, i.e. state of fluid when stored in the vessel or before transfer from the vessel characterised by other properties of handled fluid before transfer
    • F17C2223/042—Localisation of the removal point
    • F17C2223/046—Localisation of the removal point in the liquid
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F17—STORING OR DISTRIBUTING GASES OR LIQUIDS
    • F17C—VESSELS FOR CONTAINING OR STORING COMPRESSED, LIQUEFIED OR SOLIDIFIED GASES; FIXED-CAPACITY GAS-HOLDERS; FILLING VESSELS WITH, OR DISCHARGING FROM VESSELS, COMPRESSED, LIQUEFIED, OR SOLIDIFIED GASES
    • F17C2225/00—Handled fluid after transfer, i.e. state of fluid after transfer from the vessel
    • F17C2225/01—Handled fluid after transfer, i.e. state of fluid after transfer from the vessel characterised by the phase
    • F17C2225/0107—Single phase
    • F17C2225/0123—Single phase gaseous, e.g. CNG, GNC
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F17—STORING OR DISTRIBUTING GASES OR LIQUIDS
    • F17C—VESSELS FOR CONTAINING OR STORING COMPRESSED, LIQUEFIED OR SOLIDIFIED GASES; FIXED-CAPACITY GAS-HOLDERS; FILLING VESSELS WITH, OR DISCHARGING FROM VESSELS, COMPRESSED, LIQUEFIED, OR SOLIDIFIED GASES
    • F17C2225/00—Handled fluid after transfer, i.e. state of fluid after transfer from the vessel
    • F17C2225/03—Handled fluid after transfer, i.e. state of fluid after transfer from the vessel characterised by the pressure level
    • F17C2225/036—Very high pressure, i.e. above 80 bars
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F17—STORING OR DISTRIBUTING GASES OR LIQUIDS
    • F17C—VESSELS FOR CONTAINING OR STORING COMPRESSED, LIQUEFIED OR SOLIDIFIED GASES; FIXED-CAPACITY GAS-HOLDERS; FILLING VESSELS WITH, OR DISCHARGING FROM VESSELS, COMPRESSED, LIQUEFIED, OR SOLIDIFIED GASES
    • F17C2227/00—Transfer of fluids, i.e. method or means for transferring the fluid; Heat exchange with the fluid
    • F17C2227/01—Propulsion of the fluid
    • F17C2227/0128—Propulsion of the fluid with pumps or compressors
    • F17C2227/0157—Compressors
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F17—STORING OR DISTRIBUTING GASES OR LIQUIDS
    • F17C—VESSELS FOR CONTAINING OR STORING COMPRESSED, LIQUEFIED OR SOLIDIFIED GASES; FIXED-CAPACITY GAS-HOLDERS; FILLING VESSELS WITH, OR DISCHARGING FROM VESSELS, COMPRESSED, LIQUEFIED, OR SOLIDIFIED GASES
    • F17C2227/00—Transfer of fluids, i.e. method or means for transferring the fluid; Heat exchange with the fluid
    • F17C2227/01—Propulsion of the fluid
    • F17C2227/0128—Propulsion of the fluid with pumps or compressors
    • F17C2227/0157—Compressors
    • F17C2227/0164—Compressors with specified compressor type, e.g. piston or impulsive type
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F17—STORING OR DISTRIBUTING GASES OR LIQUIDS
    • F17C—VESSELS FOR CONTAINING OR STORING COMPRESSED, LIQUEFIED OR SOLIDIFIED GASES; FIXED-CAPACITY GAS-HOLDERS; FILLING VESSELS WITH, OR DISCHARGING FROM VESSELS, COMPRESSED, LIQUEFIED, OR SOLIDIFIED GASES
    • F17C2227/00—Transfer of fluids, i.e. method or means for transferring the fluid; Heat exchange with the fluid
    • F17C2227/03—Heat exchange with the fluid
    • F17C2227/0302—Heat exchange with the fluid by heating
    • F17C2227/0306—Heat exchange with the fluid by heating using the same fluid
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F17—STORING OR DISTRIBUTING GASES OR LIQUIDS
    • F17C—VESSELS FOR CONTAINING OR STORING COMPRESSED, LIQUEFIED OR SOLIDIFIED GASES; FIXED-CAPACITY GAS-HOLDERS; FILLING VESSELS WITH, OR DISCHARGING FROM VESSELS, COMPRESSED, LIQUEFIED, OR SOLIDIFIED GASES
    • F17C2227/00—Transfer of fluids, i.e. method or means for transferring the fluid; Heat exchange with the fluid
    • F17C2227/03—Heat exchange with the fluid
    • F17C2227/0302—Heat exchange with the fluid by heating
    • F17C2227/0309—Heat exchange with the fluid by heating using another fluid
    • F17C2227/0323—Heat exchange with the fluid by heating using another fluid in a closed loop
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F17—STORING OR DISTRIBUTING GASES OR LIQUIDS
    • F17C—VESSELS FOR CONTAINING OR STORING COMPRESSED, LIQUEFIED OR SOLIDIFIED GASES; FIXED-CAPACITY GAS-HOLDERS; FILLING VESSELS WITH, OR DISCHARGING FROM VESSELS, COMPRESSED, LIQUEFIED, OR SOLIDIFIED GASES
    • F17C2227/00—Transfer of fluids, i.e. method or means for transferring the fluid; Heat exchange with the fluid
    • F17C2227/03—Heat exchange with the fluid
    • F17C2227/0302—Heat exchange with the fluid by heating
    • F17C2227/0327—Heat exchange with the fluid by heating with recovery of heat
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F17—STORING OR DISTRIBUTING GASES OR LIQUIDS
    • F17C—VESSELS FOR CONTAINING OR STORING COMPRESSED, LIQUEFIED OR SOLIDIFIED GASES; FIXED-CAPACITY GAS-HOLDERS; FILLING VESSELS WITH, OR DISCHARGING FROM VESSELS, COMPRESSED, LIQUEFIED, OR SOLIDIFIED GASES
    • F17C2227/00—Transfer of fluids, i.e. method or means for transferring the fluid; Heat exchange with the fluid
    • F17C2227/03—Heat exchange with the fluid
    • F17C2227/0337—Heat exchange with the fluid by cooling
    • F17C2227/0341—Heat exchange with the fluid by cooling using another fluid
    • F17C2227/0353—Heat exchange with the fluid by cooling using another fluid using cryocooler
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F17—STORING OR DISTRIBUTING GASES OR LIQUIDS
    • F17C—VESSELS FOR CONTAINING OR STORING COMPRESSED, LIQUEFIED OR SOLIDIFIED GASES; FIXED-CAPACITY GAS-HOLDERS; FILLING VESSELS WITH, OR DISCHARGING FROM VESSELS, COMPRESSED, LIQUEFIED, OR SOLIDIFIED GASES
    • F17C2227/00—Transfer of fluids, i.e. method or means for transferring the fluid; Heat exchange with the fluid
    • F17C2227/03—Heat exchange with the fluid
    • F17C2227/0337—Heat exchange with the fluid by cooling
    • F17C2227/0341—Heat exchange with the fluid by cooling using another fluid
    • F17C2227/0355—Heat exchange with the fluid by cooling using another fluid in a closed loop
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F17—STORING OR DISTRIBUTING GASES OR LIQUIDS
    • F17C—VESSELS FOR CONTAINING OR STORING COMPRESSED, LIQUEFIED OR SOLIDIFIED GASES; FIXED-CAPACITY GAS-HOLDERS; FILLING VESSELS WITH, OR DISCHARGING FROM VESSELS, COMPRESSED, LIQUEFIED, OR SOLIDIFIED GASES
    • F17C2227/00—Transfer of fluids, i.e. method or means for transferring the fluid; Heat exchange with the fluid
    • F17C2227/03—Heat exchange with the fluid
    • F17C2227/0367—Localisation of heat exchange
    • F17C2227/0388—Localisation of heat exchange separate
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F17—STORING OR DISTRIBUTING GASES OR LIQUIDS
    • F17C—VESSELS FOR CONTAINING OR STORING COMPRESSED, LIQUEFIED OR SOLIDIFIED GASES; FIXED-CAPACITY GAS-HOLDERS; FILLING VESSELS WITH, OR DISCHARGING FROM VESSELS, COMPRESSED, LIQUEFIED, OR SOLIDIFIED GASES
    • F17C2227/00—Transfer of fluids, i.e. method or means for transferring the fluid; Heat exchange with the fluid
    • F17C2227/03—Heat exchange with the fluid
    • F17C2227/0367—Localisation of heat exchange
    • F17C2227/0388—Localisation of heat exchange separate
    • F17C2227/0393—Localisation of heat exchange separate using a vaporiser
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F17—STORING OR DISTRIBUTING GASES OR LIQUIDS
    • F17C—VESSELS FOR CONTAINING OR STORING COMPRESSED, LIQUEFIED OR SOLIDIFIED GASES; FIXED-CAPACITY GAS-HOLDERS; FILLING VESSELS WITH, OR DISCHARGING FROM VESSELS, COMPRESSED, LIQUEFIED, OR SOLIDIFIED GASES
    • F17C2250/00—Accessories; Control means; Indicating, measuring or monitoring of parameters
    • F17C2250/01—Intermediate tanks
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F17—STORING OR DISTRIBUTING GASES OR LIQUIDS
    • F17C—VESSELS FOR CONTAINING OR STORING COMPRESSED, LIQUEFIED OR SOLIDIFIED GASES; FIXED-CAPACITY GAS-HOLDERS; FILLING VESSELS WITH, OR DISCHARGING FROM VESSELS, COMPRESSED, LIQUEFIED, OR SOLIDIFIED GASES
    • F17C2250/00—Accessories; Control means; Indicating, measuring or monitoring of parameters
    • F17C2250/04—Indicating or measuring of parameters as input values
    • F17C2250/0404—Parameters indicated or measured
    • F17C2250/043—Pressure
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F17—STORING OR DISTRIBUTING GASES OR LIQUIDS
    • F17C—VESSELS FOR CONTAINING OR STORING COMPRESSED, LIQUEFIED OR SOLIDIFIED GASES; FIXED-CAPACITY GAS-HOLDERS; FILLING VESSELS WITH, OR DISCHARGING FROM VESSELS, COMPRESSED, LIQUEFIED, OR SOLIDIFIED GASES
    • F17C2250/00—Accessories; Control means; Indicating, measuring or monitoring of parameters
    • F17C2250/04—Indicating or measuring of parameters as input values
    • F17C2250/0404—Parameters indicated or measured
    • F17C2250/0439—Temperature
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F17—STORING OR DISTRIBUTING GASES OR LIQUIDS
    • F17C—VESSELS FOR CONTAINING OR STORING COMPRESSED, LIQUEFIED OR SOLIDIFIED GASES; FIXED-CAPACITY GAS-HOLDERS; FILLING VESSELS WITH, OR DISCHARGING FROM VESSELS, COMPRESSED, LIQUEFIED, OR SOLIDIFIED GASES
    • F17C2250/00—Accessories; Control means; Indicating, measuring or monitoring of parameters
    • F17C2250/06—Controlling or regulating of parameters as output values
    • F17C2250/0605—Parameters
    • F17C2250/0636—Flow or movement of content
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F17—STORING OR DISTRIBUTING GASES OR LIQUIDS
    • F17C—VESSELS FOR CONTAINING OR STORING COMPRESSED, LIQUEFIED OR SOLIDIFIED GASES; FIXED-CAPACITY GAS-HOLDERS; FILLING VESSELS WITH, OR DISCHARGING FROM VESSELS, COMPRESSED, LIQUEFIED, OR SOLIDIFIED GASES
    • F17C2250/00—Accessories; Control means; Indicating, measuring or monitoring of parameters
    • F17C2250/07—Actions triggered by measured parameters
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F17—STORING OR DISTRIBUTING GASES OR LIQUIDS
    • F17C—VESSELS FOR CONTAINING OR STORING COMPRESSED, LIQUEFIED OR SOLIDIFIED GASES; FIXED-CAPACITY GAS-HOLDERS; FILLING VESSELS WITH, OR DISCHARGING FROM VESSELS, COMPRESSED, LIQUEFIED, OR SOLIDIFIED GASES
    • F17C2260/00—Purposes of gas storage and gas handling
    • F17C2260/04—Reducing risks and environmental impact
    • F17C2260/046—Enhancing energy recovery
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F17—STORING OR DISTRIBUTING GASES OR LIQUIDS
    • F17C—VESSELS FOR CONTAINING OR STORING COMPRESSED, LIQUEFIED OR SOLIDIFIED GASES; FIXED-CAPACITY GAS-HOLDERS; FILLING VESSELS WITH, OR DISCHARGING FROM VESSELS, COMPRESSED, LIQUEFIED, OR SOLIDIFIED GASES
    • F17C2265/00—Effects achieved by gas storage or gas handling
    • F17C2265/03—Treating the boil-off
    • F17C2265/032—Treating the boil-off by recovery
    • F17C2265/037—Treating the boil-off by recovery with pressurising
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F17—STORING OR DISTRIBUTING GASES OR LIQUIDS
    • F17C—VESSELS FOR CONTAINING OR STORING COMPRESSED, LIQUEFIED OR SOLIDIFIED GASES; FIXED-CAPACITY GAS-HOLDERS; FILLING VESSELS WITH, OR DISCHARGING FROM VESSELS, COMPRESSED, LIQUEFIED, OR SOLIDIFIED GASES
    • F17C2265/00—Effects achieved by gas storage or gas handling
    • F17C2265/06—Fluid distribution
    • F17C2265/065—Fluid distribution for refueling vehicle fuel tanks
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F17—STORING OR DISTRIBUTING GASES OR LIQUIDS
    • F17C—VESSELS FOR CONTAINING OR STORING COMPRESSED, LIQUEFIED OR SOLIDIFIED GASES; FIXED-CAPACITY GAS-HOLDERS; FILLING VESSELS WITH, OR DISCHARGING FROM VESSELS, COMPRESSED, LIQUEFIED, OR SOLIDIFIED GASES
    • F17C2270/00—Applications
    • F17C2270/01—Applications for fluid transport or storage
    • F17C2270/0134—Applications for fluid transport or storage placed above the ground
    • F17C2270/0139—Fuel stations
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F17—STORING OR DISTRIBUTING GASES OR LIQUIDS
    • F17C—VESSELS FOR CONTAINING OR STORING COMPRESSED, LIQUEFIED OR SOLIDIFIED GASES; FIXED-CAPACITY GAS-HOLDERS; FILLING VESSELS WITH, OR DISCHARGING FROM VESSELS, COMPRESSED, LIQUEFIED, OR SOLIDIFIED GASES
    • F17C2270/00—Applications
    • F17C2270/05—Applications for industrial use
    • F17C2270/0581—Power plants
    • Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
    • Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
    • Y02E—REDUCTION OF GREENHOUSE GAS [GHG] EMISSIONS, RELATED TO ENERGY GENERATION, TRANSMISSION OR DISTRIBUTION
    • Y02E60/00—Enabling technologies; Technologies with a potential or indirect contribution to GHG emissions mitigation
    • Y02E60/30—Hydrogen technology
    • Y02E60/32—Hydrogen storage

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  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
  • General Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Filling Or Discharging Of Gas Storage Vessels (AREA)

Abstract

The gas supply device (10) comprises: a storage container (20) for storing liquefied gas; a vaporizer (22) for vaporizing the liquefied gas discharged from the storage container (20); a compression device (24) for compressing the gas gasified by the liquefied gas in the gasifier (22); an accumulator (26) for storing gas compressed in the compression device (24); and a supply passage (16e) connected from the accumulator (26) to the distributor (12).

Description

Gas supply device and gas supply method
Technical Field
The present invention relates to a gas supply device and a gas supply method.
Background
For example, patent document 1 discloses a hydrogen compressor used in a hydrogen station. In the hydrogen compressor, a compressor drive motor, a gas cooler, and the like are provided on a common base. The hydrogen gas whose pressure has been increased to a predetermined pressure in stages in the hydrogen compressor is once stored in the accumulator unit. A distributor is connected to the accumulator assembly. The distributor is provided with a nozzle that is matched with a supply port of the fuel cell vehicle in order to supply the hydrogen gas having been pressurized to the fuel cell vehicle.
In a hydrogen compressor such as the one disclosed in patent document 1, the gas temperature on the inlet side of the compressor is, for example, 0 to 40 ℃, and the operation of the compressor is appropriately switched depending on the temperature. When the temperature of the gas supplied to the compression device is about 0 to 40 ℃, the temperature of the gas rises after compression in the compression device, and therefore, it is sometimes necessary to cool the compressed gas by an aftercooler. Therefore, power loss occurs due to cooling of the compressed gas.
Documents of the prior art
Patent document
Patent document 1: japanese laid-open patent publication No. 2013-40648
Disclosure of Invention
The invention aims to reduce the power of a gas supply device.
A gas supply apparatus of an aspect of the present invention includes: a storage container for storing liquefied gas; a vaporizer for vaporizing the liquefied gas guided out from the storage container; a compression device that compresses the gas gasified by the liquefied gas in the gasifier; an accumulator storing gas compressed in the compression device; and a supply passage connected from the accumulator to a distributor.
A gas supply method of another aspect of the present invention is for supplying gas to a dispenser to cause liquefied gas stored in a storage container to flow out of the storage container; vaporizing the liquefied gas flowing out of the storage container in a vaporizer; compressing the gas gasified in the gasifier in a compression device; the gas compressed in the compression device is supplied to a distributor via an accumulator or directly.
Drawings
Fig. 1 is a diagram showing a configuration of a gas supply device according to an embodiment of the present invention.
Fig. 2 is a flowchart for explaining a basic operation in the gas supply operation.
Fig. 3 is a flowchart for explaining a switching operation of the switching mechanism in the gas supply operation.
Fig. 4 is a flowchart for explaining the operation of driving and stopping the refrigerator in the gas supply operation.
Fig. 5 is a diagram showing a configuration of a gas supply device according to another embodiment of the present invention.
Detailed Description
Embodiments of the present invention will be described in detail below with reference to the drawings.
As shown in fig. 1, the gas supply device 10 according to the present embodiment is, for example, a device provided as a hydrogen gas supply station at a hydrogen refueling station, and supplies hydrogen gas to the dispenser 12 side in accordance with a filling command from the dispenser 12 serving as a filling device. The hydrogen filling station includes a gas supply device 10 and a distributor 12 connected to an outflow end of the gas supply device 10. The dispenser 12 fills a tank provided in the vehicle 14 (tank-mounted device) with hydrogen gas. The vehicle 14 is, for example, a fuel cell vehicle.
The gas supply device 10 includes a gas flow passage 16 having a gas outflow end connected to the distributor 12, a storage container 20, a vaporizer 22, a compression device 24, an accumulator 26, a cooling circuit 28, and a refrigerator 30. The storage tank 20, the vaporizer 22, the compression device 24, and the accumulator 26 are connected to the gas flow passage 16.
The storage container 20 is connected to the gas inflow end of the gas flow channel 16. The gas flow channel 16 includes: a liquid-side inflow channel 16a having a first inflow end; a gas-side inflow channel 16b having a second inflow end; a suction flow path 16c which merges the liquid-side inflow path 16a and the gas-side inflow path 16b and is connected to a suction port of the compression device 24; a connection passage 16d connecting the discharge port of the compression device 24 and the accumulator 26; and a supply passage 16e from the accumulator 26 to the gas outflow end.
The storage container 20 stores liquefied gas (liquefied hydrogen gas). The first inflow end of the liquid-side inflow channel 16a is connected to the bottom of the storage container 20. The second inflow end of the gas-side inflow channel 16b is connected to the upper portion of the storage container 20. Further, the storage container 20 is provided with a safety valve 20 a.
The liquid-side inflow path 16a and the gas-side inflow path 16b are provided with on-off valves V1 and V2 that can be opened and closed in an arbitrarily controlled manner. The suction flow path 16c is provided with a temperature sensor T1 as a means for detecting the temperature of the gas.
The vaporizer 22 includes a gas-side flow path 22a connected to the liquid-side inflow passage 16a and a heat medium-side flow path 22b connected to the cooling circuit 28. In the vaporizer 22, the liquefied gas flowing through the gas-side flow passage 22a is heated by the heat medium flowing through the heat medium-side flow passage 22b, and the liquefied gas is vaporized.
The liquid-side inflow channel 16a is connected to a discharge channel 16 f. An opening/closing valve V3 is provided in the discharge passage 16f to be opened and closed in an arbitrarily controllable manner.
The compression device 24 includes a compressor 31 for compressing gas and a bypass passage 32 bypassing the compressor 31. The compressor 31 includes a plurality of compression portions 31a to 31 e. These compression portions 31a to 31e are connected in series. Therefore, the plurality of compression portions 31a to 31e include a first compression portion and a second compression portion that is a compression portion at a next stage of the first compression portion. In the illustrated example, the 5 compression units 31a to 31e are included, and for example, the first-stage compression unit 31a functions as a first compression unit and the second-stage compression unit 31b functions as a second compression unit. The compressor 31 is not limited to the configuration of 5 compression units 31a to 31e, and may be a configuration including a plurality of compression units other than this configuration. Further, the structure may include 1 compression portion.
The detour channel 32 detours all the compression portions 31a to 31e of the first to fifth stages. The bypass passage 32 is provided with an opening/closing valve V4 which can be opened and closed in an arbitrarily controlled manner. In the compression device 24, opening/closing valves V5, V6 that can be opened and closed controllably are provided on both the suction side and the discharge side of the compressor 31.
Each of the compression portions 31a to 31e is formed by a reciprocating compressor that reciprocates a piston by rotating a crankshaft not shown by driving a motor not shown by the drawing. In the compression portions 31a to 31e, if the hydrogen gas is compressed and the pressure in the cylinder (compression chamber) becomes equal to or higher than the pressure in the discharge-side passage, the discharge valve, not shown, opens and discharges the hydrogen gas. The compression portions 31a to 31e are not limited to reciprocating compressors, and may be formed by other types of compressors.
The compressing device 24 includes: a cooling flow path 35 provided with a cooler 34 (after cooler 34); a bypass flow path 36 for bypassing the cooler 34; and a switching mechanism 37. The cooling flow path 35 connects the first-stage compression unit 31a and the second-stage compression unit 31b so that the gas discharged from the first-stage compression unit 31a is introduced into the second-stage compression unit 31 b. The bypass passage 36 is connected to the cooling passage 35 so as to bypass the cooler 34. The switching mechanism 37 switches the connection between the first-stage compression unit 31a and the second-stage compression unit 31b between the cooling passage 35 and the bypass passage 36. That is, the switching mechanism 37 can switch the state between a state in which the gas flows through the cooling passage 35 and a state in which the gas flows through the bypass passage 36. In other words, the switching mechanism 37 switches between a state in which the gas discharged from the first-stage compression unit 31a is introduced into the second-stage compression unit 31b via the cooler 34 and a state in which the gas discharged from the first-stage compression unit 31a is introduced into the second-stage compression unit 31b via the bypass passage 36. The cooling flow path 35, the bypass flow path 36, and the switching mechanism 37 are also provided between the second-stage compression unit 31b and the third-stage compression unit 31 c. A cooler 34 is provided on the discharge side of the compression units 31c, 31d, and 31e in the third and subsequent stages.
Although the cooling flow path 35, the bypass flow path 36, and the switching mechanism 37 are provided between the first-stage compression unit 31a and the second-stage compression unit 31b, and between the second-stage compression unit 31b and the third-stage compression unit 31c, the cooling flow path 35, the bypass flow path 36, and the switching mechanism 37 may be provided in other locations. The cooling passage 35, the bypass passage 36, and the switching mechanism 37 may be provided in only one of them. The switching mechanism 37 may be formed by a single three-way valve, or may be formed by on-off valves provided in the cooling passage 35 and the bypass passage 36, respectively.
The switching mechanism 37 switches the state between a state in which the gas flows through the cooling passage 35 (cooling state) and a state in which the gas flows through the bypass passage 36 (non-cooling state) based on a detection value of a temperature sensor T1 provided in the intake passage 16 c. That is, when the detection value of the temperature sensor T1 is equal to or lower than the predetermined temperature, the switching mechanism 37 is in the non-cooling state. On the other hand, when the detection value of the temperature sensor T1 exceeds the predetermined temperature, the switching mechanism 37 is in the cooling state.
The accumulator 26 is formed of a pressure vessel and stores gas (hydrogen gas) compressed by the compression device 24. In addition, the accumulator 26 may be formed of a plurality of pressure vessels, or may be formed of one pressure vessel. The accumulator 26 is connected to the connection passage 16d via a branch passage 16g that branches from the connection passage 16 d. An opening/closing valve V7 is provided in the branch passage 16g to be opened and closed in an arbitrarily controllable manner. The on-off valve V7 is open when gas is stored in the accumulator 26 and when gas stored in the accumulator 26 is discharged, and is closed when other than that.
The dispenser 12 includes: a nozzle 12a for supplying gas to a tank of the vehicle 14; a heat exchanger 12b for cooling the gas flowing to the nozzle 12 a; and a flow rate adjustment valve 12c that adjusts the flow rate of the gas flowing through the nozzle 12 a. Further, the dispenser 12 is provided with a pressure sensor P1 that detects the pressure of the gas.
The cooling circuit 28 is a circuit in which a heat medium (brine) is sealed, and is connected to the vaporizer 22 and the heat exchanger 12 b. Further, a heat medium tank (brine tank) 28a and a heat medium pump (brine pump) 28b are provided in the cooling circuit 28. Driven by the heat medium pump 28b, the heat medium circulates in the cooling circuit 28 between the gasifier 22 and the heat exchanger 12 b. The heat medium tank 28a is provided at a position downstream of the vaporizer 22 in the circulation direction of the heat medium. The heat medium tank 28a temporarily stores the heat medium cooled in the vaporizer 22.
The refrigerator 30 is provided to cool the heat medium when the cooling capacity is insufficient due to cooling of the heat medium in the vaporizer 22. Refrigerator 30 is connected to cooling flow path 28 in parallel with vaporizer 22.
The refrigerator 30 includes: a refrigerant circuit 30a in which a refrigerant circulates; and a heat exchanger 30b that cools the heat medium of the cooling circuit 28 by the refrigerant of the refrigerant circuit 30 a. The refrigerant circuit 30a is formed of, for example, a vapor compression refrigeration circuit.
An opening/closing valve V8 that can be opened and closed in an arbitrarily controlled manner is provided in the connection passage 39 that connects the cooling circuit 28 and the heat exchanger 30 b. An opening/closing valve V9 that can be opened and closed in an arbitrarily controlled manner is also provided in a portion of the cooling circuit 28 between one of the connecting portions of the connecting passage 39 and the vaporizer 22. In the cooling circuit 28, a temperature sensor T2 for detecting the temperature of the heat medium is provided between the other connection portion of the connection passage 39 and the heat medium tank 28 a.
The on-off valves, the heat medium pump 28b, the compression device 24, and the refrigerator 30 operate in response to commands from the controller 12d provided in the distributor 12.
Here, the operation of the gas supply device 10 according to the present embodiment will be described. The following gas supply method is performed by the operation of the gas supply device 10.
That is, the operation of the gas supply device 10 is started based on an operation start command from the controller 12 d. If an operation start command is output from the controller 12d (step ST1), the heat medium pump 28b is started (step ST 2). Accordingly, the heat medium circulates in the cooling circuit 28. The heat medium sent from the heat medium pump 28b passes through the heat exchanger 12b, the vaporizer 22, and the heat medium tank 28a in the distributor 12 in this order, and is again sucked into the heat medium pump 28 b.
Further, based on the operation start command, the operation of supplying the gas to the distributor 12 is performed. In this gas supply operation, first, the on-off valve V1 of the liquid-side inflow passage 16a and the on-off valve V2 of the gas-side inflow passage 16b are opened, and the motor of the compression device 24 is started (step ST 3). When the on-off valve V1 is opened, the liquefied gas (liquid hydrogen) in the storage container 20 flows out to the liquid-side inflow passage 16a and passes through the vaporizer 22. In the vaporizer 22, the liquefied gas flowing through the gas-side flow passage 22a is heated and vaporized by the heat medium flowing through the heat-medium-side flow passage 22 b. The gas vaporized in the vaporizer 22 flows from the liquid-side inflow channel 16a to the suction flow channel 16c, merges with the gas flowing from the gas-side inflow channel 16b, and is then sucked into the compression device 24. The temperature of the liquefied gas in the storage container 20 is, for example, about-253 ℃, and the temperature of the gas gasified in the gasifier 22 is, for example, about-200 ℃ to-100 ℃. On the other hand, the temperature of the heat medium cooled in the vaporizer 22 is, for example, about-70 ℃ to-60 ℃.
In the compression device 24, if the pressure of the gas becomes equal to or higher than a predetermined pressure, the gas is sucked into the first-stage compression portion 31 a. In the compression device 24, the gas is introduced from the first-stage compression section 31a to the subsequent-stage compression sections 31b to 31e in order, and is compressed in the compression sections 31a to 31e of the respective stages. For example, the gas introduced into the compression device 24 at a pressure of less than 1MPa is pressurized to a maximum of 87.5MPa, and is discharged from the compression device 24. When the temperature of the gas introduced into the compression device 24 is, for example, about-100 ℃, the switching mechanism 37 of the compression device 24 is switched to the non-cooling state in which the gas flows through the bypass passage 36. Therefore, the gas compressed in the compression portions 31a and 31b is not cooled in the cooler 34. On the other hand, the gas discharged from the third and subsequent stages of the compression units 31c-e is cooled by the cooler 34.
The gas discharged from the compression device 24 is introduced into the accumulator 26 and stored in the accumulator 26. The gas in the accumulator 26 is introduced into the distributor 12. In the gas supply operation, when the pressure in the accumulator 26 drops to a low pressure lower than a predetermined pressure, the gas discharged from the compression device 24 is directly introduced from the compression device 24 to the distributor 12 without being introduced into the accumulator 26.
In the distributor 12, the flow rate is adjusted by the flow rate adjustment valve 12c, and the gas flows toward the nozzle 12a while being cooled by the heat medium in the heat exchanger 12 b. Accordingly, the gas is filled into the tank of the vehicle 14 at a pressure rise rate in accordance with a prescribed protocol. During the gas supply operation, the opening degree of the flow rate adjustment valve 12c is adjusted based on a detection value of a pressure sensor P1 provided in the distributor 12. Accordingly, the pressure increase rate is adjusted.
During the gas supply operation, the temperature of the gas introduced into the compression device 24 is detected by the temperature sensor T1 (step ST 11). Normally, the switching mechanism 37 is in the non-cooling state because the detection value of the temperature sensor T1 is equal to or lower than a predetermined temperature. Therefore, for example, the gas discharged from the first-stage compression section 31a is introduced into the second-stage compression section 31b through the bypass passage 36. On the other hand, when the detection value of the temperature sensor T1 is higher than the preset temperature for some reason, the switching mechanism 37 is switched to the cooling state (step ST 12). Accordingly, for example, the gas discharged from the first-stage compression part 31a is cooled by the cooler 34 and then sucked into the second-stage compression part 31 b. Then, if the detection value of the temperature sensor T1 becomes equal to or lower than a preset temperature, the switching mechanism 37 is switched from the cooling state to the non-cooling state.
During the gas supply operation, the temperature of the heat medium stored in the heat medium tank 28a is detected by a temperature sensor T2 provided in the cooling circuit 28. The detection value T2 of the temperature sensor T2 is compared with a preset temperature (first threshold) ts1 (step ST21), and if the detection value T2 of the temperature sensor T2 is higher than the preset temperature (first threshold) ts1, the refrigerator 30 is driven (step ST 22). At this time, the opening/closing valve V9 of the cooling circuit 28 is closed, and the opening/closing valve V8 of the connection passage 39 is opened (step ST 23). Accordingly, the heat medium of the cooling circuit 28 flows through the heat exchanger 30b of the refrigerator 30 without passing through the vaporizer 22. Accordingly, the heat medium cooled by the refrigerator 30 is stored in the heat medium tank 28 a.
On the other hand, if the detection value of the temperature sensor T2 reaches a preset temperature, that is, a temperature (second threshold) ts2 lower than the first threshold ts1 (step ST24), the refrigerator 30 is stopped (step ST 25). At this time, the opening/closing valve V9 of the cooling circuit 28 is opened, and the opening/closing valve V8 of the connection passage 39 is closed (step ST 26). Accordingly, the heat medium is introduced into the vaporizer 22 without passing through the refrigerator 30.
The gas supply operation is compression filling and differential pressure filling. In the compression filling, the tank of the vehicle 14 is filled with gas from the distributor 12 in a state where the compression device 24 is driven. Therefore, the liquefied gas flows into the vaporizer 22 at a flow rate that is drawn into the compression device 24 in accordance with the number of revolutions of the motor of the compression device 24. On the other hand, in the differential pressure charging, in a state where the compression device 24 is not driven, gas is charged from the accumulator 26 to the tank by the pressure difference between the accumulator 26 and the tank of the vehicle 14. In the differential pressure filling, although the compressor 24 is not driven, the opening/closing valve of the discharge passage 16f is opened, and the liquefied gas flows into the vaporizer 22 based on the differential pressure between the internal pressure of the storage container 20 and the atmospheric pressure. Therefore, even in the case where the compression device 24 is not driven, the cold heat corresponding to the gas cooling capacity required in the distributor 12 can be obtained from the gasifier 22.
As described above, in the present embodiment, the liquid gas is vaporized in the vaporizer 22, and the vaporized gas is sucked into the compressor 24 and compressed. The gas is then delivered to the distributor 12 via the accumulator 26 or directly. In the present embodiment, since the gas vaporized from the liquefied gas is used, the low-temperature gas can be sucked into the compression device 24. Therefore, cooling of the gas in the compression device 24 can be stopped or reduced, and thus heat loss can be avoided or suppressed from occurring.
In the present embodiment, the heat medium circulates between the heat exchanger 12b and the vaporizer 22 in the distributor 12 in the cooling circuit 28. Therefore, the high-temperature gas in the distributor 12 can be cooled by the cold heat obtained in the vaporizer 22 (cold heat received from the liquefied gas). That is, since the liquefied gas stored in the storage container 20 is used as a cooling source for the gas in the dispenser 12, it is not necessary to newly provide a cooling source. In other words, the power required in the gas supply apparatus 10 can be reduced. Further, since the low-temperature liquefied gas is used, the gas in the dispenser 12 can be cooled efficiently.
In the present embodiment, the heat medium cooled in the vaporizer 22 is stored in the heat medium tank 28 a. Therefore, the cold and heat obtained by the vaporizer 22 can be temporarily stored.
In the present embodiment, a refrigerator 30 is connected to the cooling circuit 28 in parallel with the vaporizer 22. Therefore, the refrigerator 30 can be used as a cooling source of the gas when the cold heat obtained from the vaporizer 22 is insufficient to satisfy the cooling capacity of the gas in the distributor 12.
In the present embodiment, a discharge passage 16f is provided to discharge the gas vaporized in the vaporizer 22. Therefore, even in the case where the amount of gas for obtaining the cold heat required to cool the gas in the distributor 12 in the heat exchanger 12b exceeds the amount of gas to be introduced into the compression device 24, only the required amount of gas can be introduced into the compression device 24. Further, even when the compression device 24 is not driven, the gas in the distributor 12 can be cooled. Therefore, the gas in the distributor 12 can be appropriately cooled.
In addition, in the present embodiment, since the gas-side inflow passage 16b that guides the gas in the storage container 20 to the compression device 24 is provided, the evaporation gas in the storage container 20 can be effectively used.
In the present embodiment, since the bypass passage 32 bypassing the compressor 31 is provided, the gas can be supplied to the distributor 12 without being compressed by the compressor 31.
In the present embodiment, when the switching mechanism 37 is switched so that the gas discharged from the first-stage compression unit 31a flows into the second-stage compression unit 31b through the bypass passage 36, the gas is not cooled in the cooler 34. Therefore, the power required in the compression device 24 can be reduced as compared with the case where the gas is cooled in the cooler 34. On the other hand, when the temperature of the gas sucked into the first-stage compression unit 31a becomes high, the switching mechanism 37 is switched so that the gas discharged from the first-stage compression unit 31a flows into the second-stage compression unit 31b through the cooling flow path 35. This can prevent the temperature of the gas discharged from the compression device 24 from becoming too high.
The present invention is not limited to the above-described embodiments, and various modifications, improvements, and the like can be made without departing from the scope of the invention. For example, the gas supply device 10 can be used to fill a tank-mounted device other than a vehicle with hydrogen gas. The gas supply device 10 can be used for supplying a gas other than hydrogen gas.
In the above embodiment, when the temperature of the heat medium tank 28a is higher than the first threshold value ts1, the refrigerator 30 is driven without using the vaporizer 22, but the present invention is not limited to this. For example, both the vaporizer 22 and the refrigerator 30 can be used. At this time, the opening/closing valve V3 of the discharge passage 16f is opened to discharge the excess gas. Further, the vaporizer 22 may be used without using the refrigerator 30. At this time, the opening/closing valve V3 of the discharge passage 16f may be opened to discharge the excess gas.
In the embodiment, the open-close valve V3 of the discharge passage 16f is opened when the differential pressure is filled, but is not limited thereto. Even when the compression device 24 is driven, the on-off valve V3 of the discharge passage 16f can be opened when the cold heat amount corresponding to the flow rate of the gas sucked by driving the compression device 24 is not sufficient to satisfy the cooling capacity of the gas required in the distributor 12. This can increase the flow rate of the gas flowing through the vaporizer 22, and can obtain the required cooling and heating in the distributor 12.
In the embodiment, the gas-side inflow passage 16b is provided, but the gas-side inflow passage 16b may be omitted.
As shown in fig. 5, the refrigerator 30 may be omitted. At this time, the connection passage 39 and the on-off valve V9 of the cooling circuit 28 are omitted.
Here, the embodiments are described in general.
The gas supply apparatus of the embodiment includes: a storage container for storing liquefied gas; a vaporizer for vaporizing the liquefied gas guided out from the storage container; a compression device that compresses the gas gasified by the liquefied gas in the gasifier; an accumulator storing gas compressed in the compression device; and a supply passage connected from the accumulator to a distributor.
In the gas supply device, liquefied gas is gasified in the gasifier, and the gasified gas is sucked into the compression device and compressed. The gas is then delivered to the dispenser via an accumulator or directly. In the present invention, since the gas vaporized from the liquefied gas is used, the low-temperature gas can be sucked into the compression device. Therefore, since the cooling of the gas in the compression device can be stopped or reduced, the occurrence of heat loss can be avoided or suppressed.
The gas supply device may also include: a cooling circuit that circulates a heat-supplying medium between a heat exchanger and the gasifier, wherein the heat exchanger cools the gas flowing within the distributor.
In this structure, the hot gas in the distributor is cooled by the cold heat obtained at the vaporizer (cold heat received from the liquefied gas). That is, since the liquefied gas stored in the storage container is used as a cooling source for the gas in the dispenser, it is not necessary to newly provide a cooling source. In other words, the power required in the gas supply device is reduced. In addition, since the low-temperature liquefied gas is used, the gas sinks, and the gas in the dispenser can be effectively cooled.
The cooling circuit may be provided with a heat medium tank for temporarily storing the heat medium at a position downstream of the vaporizer in a circulation direction of the heat medium. In this structure, the cooled heat medium is stored in the heat medium tank. Therefore, the cold and heat obtained in the vaporizer can be temporarily stored.
A refrigerator may be connected to the cooling circuit in parallel with the vaporizer. In this configuration, the refrigerator can be used as a cooling source of the gas when the cold heat obtained from the vaporizer is insufficient to satisfy the cooling capacity of the gas in the distributor.
The gas supply device may be provided with a discharge passage that discharges the gas gasified in the gasifier. In this configuration, even in the case where the amount of gas for obtaining the cold heat required to cool the gas in the distributor in the heat exchanger exceeds the amount of gas to be introduced into the compression device, only the required amount of gas can be introduced into the compression device. Further, even when the compression device is not driven, the gas in the distributor can be cooled. Therefore, the gas in the distributor can be appropriately cooled.
A gas-side inflow passage that guides gas in the storage container to the compression device may be connected to the storage container. In this configuration, the boil-off gas in the storage container can be effectively used.
The compression device may include: a compressor compressing a gas; and a detour passage detouring the compressor. In this configuration, the gas can be supplied to the distributor without compressing the gas by the compressor.
The compression device may include: a plurality of compression units including a first compression unit and a second compression unit that is a compression unit at a next stage of the first compression unit; a cooling flow path provided with a cooler; a bypass flow path that bypasses the cooler; and a switching mechanism that switches connection between the first compression unit and the second compression unit between the cooling passage and the bypass passage.
In this configuration, when the switching mechanism is switched so that the gas discharged from the first compression unit flows into the second compression unit through the bypass passage, the gas is not cooled in the cooler. Therefore, the power required in the compression device can be reduced as compared with the case where the gas is cooled in the cooler. On the other hand, when the temperature of the gas sucked into the first compression unit becomes high, the switching mechanism is switched so that the gas discharged from the first compression unit flows into the second compression unit through the cooling flow path (cooler). Accordingly, the temperature of the gas discharged from the compression device is prevented from becoming excessively high.
Further, the gas supply method of the embodiment is for supplying gas to a dispenser so that liquefied gas stored in a storage container flows out from the storage container; vaporizing the liquefied gas flowing out of the storage container in a vaporizer; compressing the gas gasified in the gasifier in a compression device; the gas compressed in the compression device is supplied to a distributor via an accumulator or directly.
In the gas supply method, there may be: the heat medium in which the gas is cooled in the heat exchanger provided in the distributor is introduced into the vaporizer, and the liquefied gas is vaporized in the vaporizer.
In the gas supply method, there may be: when it is detected that the temperature of the gas sucked into the compression device is higher than a predetermined temperature, the switching mechanism is switched so that the gas discharged from the compression unit flows to the cooler in the compression device.
In the gas supply method, there may be: in the cooling circuit in which the heat medium circulates, when it is detected that the temperature of the heat medium is higher than a preset temperature, the heat medium is cooled using a refrigerator.
In the gas supply method, there may be: discharging at least a portion of the gas gasified in the gasifier from a discharge channel.

Claims (9)

1. A gas supply apparatus characterized by comprising:
a storage container for storing liquefied gas;
a vaporizer for vaporizing the liquefied gas guided out from the storage container;
a compression device that compresses the gas gasified by the liquefied gas in the gasifier;
an accumulator storing gas compressed in the compression device;
a supply passage connected from the accumulator to a distributor;
a cooling circuit circulating a heat supply medium between a heat exchanger and the gasifier, wherein the heat exchanger cools the compressed gas flowing within the distributor,
the cooling circuit includes:
a heat medium tank provided at a downstream side of the vaporizer in a circulation direction of the heat medium, for temporarily storing the heat medium cooled in the vaporizer, and
a heat medium pump that circulates a heat medium between the vaporizer and the heat exchanger,
the compressing device includes a plurality of compressing parts including a first compressing part and a second compressing part which is a compressing part of a lower stage of the first compressing part,
a cooler is provided on each of the discharge sides of the plurality of compression units,
the cooling circuit is independent from the cooler,
a refrigerator is connected to the cooling circuit in parallel with the vaporizer,
the cooling circuit is configured to be switchable between: a state in which the heat medium is cooled by the vaporizer, and a state in which the heat medium is cooled by the refrigerator without using the vaporizer when the temperature of the heat medium is higher than a preset temperature.
2. The gas supply apparatus according to claim 1, characterized in that:
a discharge passage discharging the gas gasified in the gasifier.
3. The gas supply apparatus according to claim 1,
a gas-side inflow passage for guiding the gas in the storage container to the compression device is connected to the storage container.
4. The gas supply apparatus according to claim 1, wherein the compressing means comprises:
a compressor compressing a gas; and
and a bypass passage bypassing the compressor.
5. The gas supply apparatus according to claim 1, wherein the compressing means comprises:
a cooling flow path in which the cooler is provided;
a bypass flow path that bypasses the cooler; and
and a switching mechanism that switches connection between the first compression unit and the second compression unit between the cooling passage and the bypass passage.
6. A gas supply method for supplying a gas to a distributor, characterized by:
flowing the liquefied gas stored in the storage container out of the storage container;
vaporizing the liquefied gas flowing out of the storage container in a vaporizer;
compressing the gas gasified in the gasifier in a compression device;
the compressing device includes a plurality of compressing parts including a first compressing part and a second compressing part which is a compressing part of a lower stage of the first compressing part,
a cooler is provided on each of the discharge sides of the plurality of compression units,
gas compressed in the plurality of compression sections of the compression device is supplied to a distributor via an accumulator or directly,
cooling the compressed gas flowing in the distributor by a heat medium circulating in a cooling circuit by driving of a heat circulation pump, the cooling circuit connecting a heat exchanger provided to the distributor with the gasifier and being independent from the cooler,
temporarily storing the heat medium cooled in the vaporizer in a heat medium tank of the cooling circuit,
detecting a temperature of the heat medium with a temperature sensor provided in the cooling circuit,
when the temperature of the heat medium detected by the temperature sensor becomes higher than a preset temperature, the cooling circuit switches from a state in which the heat medium is cooled by the vaporizer to a state in which the heat medium is cooled not by the vaporizer but by a refrigerator in parallel with the vaporizer.
7. The gas supply method according to claim 6,
the heat medium in which the gas is cooled in the heat exchanger provided in the distributor is introduced into the vaporizer, and the liquefied gas is vaporized in the vaporizer.
8. The gas supply method according to claim 6 or 7,
when it is detected that the temperature of the gas sucked into the compression device is higher than a predetermined temperature, the switching mechanism is switched so that the gas discharged from the compression unit flows to the cooler in the compression device.
9. The gas supply method according to claim 6,
discharging at least a portion of the gas gasified in the gasifier from a discharge channel.
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PCT/JP2016/079049 WO2017057688A1 (en) 2015-10-02 2016-09-30 Gas supply device and gas supply method

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