CN108131355A - Underwater apparatus pressure release detection and the pressure compensator of the automatic repairing pressurize of energy - Google Patents

Underwater apparatus pressure release detection and the pressure compensator of the automatic repairing pressurize of energy Download PDF

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Publication number
CN108131355A
CN108131355A CN201810029132.5A CN201810029132A CN108131355A CN 108131355 A CN108131355 A CN 108131355A CN 201810029132 A CN201810029132 A CN 201810029132A CN 108131355 A CN108131355 A CN 108131355A
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China
Prior art keywords
close
piston
cylinder body
switch
switch bracket
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CN201810029132.5A
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Chinese (zh)
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CN108131355B (en
Inventor
谢继伟
陶海洋
高大诚
李畅哲
刘炎
周江明
李遥
郑泽林
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China Railway Engineering Machinery Research and Design Institute Co Ltd
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China Railway Engineering Machinery Research and Design Institute Co Ltd
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Classifications

    • FMECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F15FLUID-PRESSURE ACTUATORS; HYDRAULICS OR PNEUMATICS IN GENERAL
    • F15BSYSTEMS ACTING BY MEANS OF FLUIDS IN GENERAL; FLUID-PRESSURE ACTUATORS, e.g. SERVOMOTORS; DETAILS OF FLUID-PRESSURE SYSTEMS, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
    • F15B21/00Common features of fluid actuator systems; Fluid-pressure actuator systems or details thereof, not covered by any other group of this subclass
    • F15B21/006Compensation or avoidance of ambient pressure variation
    • FMECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F15FLUID-PRESSURE ACTUATORS; HYDRAULICS OR PNEUMATICS IN GENERAL
    • F15BSYSTEMS ACTING BY MEANS OF FLUIDS IN GENERAL; FLUID-PRESSURE ACTUATORS, e.g. SERVOMOTORS; DETAILS OF FLUID-PRESSURE SYSTEMS, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
    • F15B19/00Testing; Calibrating; Fault detection or monitoring; Simulation or modelling of fluid-pressure systems or apparatus not otherwise provided for
    • F15B19/005Fault detection or monitoring
    • FMECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F15FLUID-PRESSURE ACTUATORS; HYDRAULICS OR PNEUMATICS IN GENERAL
    • F15BSYSTEMS ACTING BY MEANS OF FLUIDS IN GENERAL; FLUID-PRESSURE ACTUATORS, e.g. SERVOMOTORS; DETAILS OF FLUID-PRESSURE SYSTEMS, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
    • F15B20/00Safety arrangements for fluid actuator systems; Applications of safety devices in fluid actuator systems; Emergency measures for fluid actuator systems
    • F15B20/005Leakage; Spillage; Hose burst

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  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
  • Fluid Mechanics (AREA)
  • Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
  • General Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
  • Analytical Chemistry (AREA)
  • Actuator (AREA)

Abstract

A kind of underwater apparatus pressure release detection and the pressure compensator of the automatic repairing pressurize of energy, including cylinder body, piston, seal leather bag, piston rod, close to unit sleeve, close to switch, close to switch bracket, extension spring and shoe cream room, the cylinder body upper end is anchored on the lower end close to switch bracket, it is described to be equipped with close to switch bracket close to switch, the piston-rod lower end is sealedly attached to piston, upper end is stretched into described close to switch bracket after cylinder body, described extension spring one end is connect with piston, the other end is connect with the end close to switch bracket, the sealing leather bag is closely coupled to cylinder body and piston, so as to seal leather bag, piston, cylinder body and piston rod form shoe cream room;The configuration of the present invention is simple as a result, control are easy, and the operation is stable, it can automatically can be compensated in time after detecting by compensation device permeability or oil leak with the external and internal pressure of active balance transmission device, outside liquid is avoided to penetrate into damage of the transmission device to transmission device.

Description

Underwater apparatus pressure release detection and the pressure compensator of the automatic repairing pressurize of energy
Technical field
The present invention relates to the pressure compensated technical field of underwater construction machinery more particularly to a kind of pressure increase environment (such as In underwater or mud) the underwater apparatus pressure release detection of hydraulic system transmission device and can automatic repairing pressurize pressure compensation dress It puts.
Background technology
For the transmission device of (as in water or in mud) work in the increased environment of pressure, transmission device it is inside and outside Pressure differential can lead to bad seals, in order to reduce the risk of bad seals, need to carry out pressure compensation to transmission device inside, with Ensure transmission device internal pressure and ambient pressure balance or a little higher than ambient pressure of internal pressure.
Current pressure compensator has Pi Nang Shi ﹑ metallic foil patterns and bellows-type, although can carry out a certain amount of Pressure compensation, but by proved it is undesirable, can not detect transmission device whether oil leak and fluid leakage after can not It is automatically replenished.
There is a kind of active control Pressure Compensation Technology in the prior art, the technology is by actively setting inside transmission device Pressure, to make transmission device internal pressure greater than or equal to ambient pressure, especially compensation pressure higher than it is extraneous when, transmission dress Oil in putting is only possible to outwardly leak, and is leaked into transmission device without external substance, although this technology can be with Preferably protection transmission device, but its structure is excessively complicated, and member is performed to pressure data acquisition elements and active control Part requirement is high.
For this purpose, the designer of the present invention, in view of drawbacks described above, by concentrating on studies and designing, synthesis is engaged in for many years for a long time The experience and achievement of related industry, research and design go out a kind of underwater apparatus pressure release detection simple in structure, control is easy and can be certainly The pressure compensator of dynamic repairing pressurize, to overcome drawbacks described above.
Invention content
The purpose of the present invention is to provide the pressure compensation dresses of a kind of underwater apparatus pressure release detection and the automatic repairing pressurize of energy It puts, simple in structure, control is easy, and the operation is stable, can be mended with the external and internal pressure of active balance transmission device detecting It can be compensated automatically in time after repaying device permeability or oil leak, outside liquid is avoided to penetrate into damage of the transmission device to transmission device It is bad.
To solve the above problems, a kind of pressure the invention discloses underwater apparatus pressure release detection and the automatic repairing pressurize of energy Compensation device, including cylinder body, piston, sealing leather bag, piston rod, close to unit sleeve, close to switch, close to switch bracket, draw Stretch spring and shoe cream room, it is characterised in that:
The cylinder body upper end is removably anchored on the lower end close to switch bracket, it is described close to switch bracket to be hollow and Middle part is equipped with to be connected to close in switch bracket and is slidably arranged in cylinder body close to switch, piston, and the piston rod is The hollow stem of up/down perforation, lower end are sealedly attached to piston, and upper end sealing is stretched into described close to switch bracket after cylinder body It is interior, and the piston rod is stretched into and is equipped with close to the outer rim in switch bracket close to switch sleeve, the extension spring is built in work In the hollow cavity of stopper rod, one end is connect with piston, and the other end is connect with the end close to switch bracket, the top of the cylinder body Equipped with cylinder body is closely coupled into the openend of oil outlet, the sealing leather bag upper end, lower end is closely coupled to piston, so as to close Strip of paper used for sealing capsule, piston, cylinder body and piston rod form shoe cream room, and the shoe cream room is the annular seal space being communicated in into oil outlet.
Wherein:The cylinder body is made of three cylinders combined closely, and three cylinders are fastened by multiple screw rods of periphery In one, three cylinders include sequentially connected top cylinder, middle part cylinder and lower part cylinder.
Wherein:The sealing leather bag includes the first sealing leather bag and the second sealing leather bag, and the first sealing leather bag is opened Mouthful end is pressed between the top cylinder of cylinder body and middle part cylinder, and lower end compresses the upper end for being connected to the piston, and described second The openend of sealing leather bag is pressed between the middle part cylinder of cylinder body and lower part cylinder, and lower end compresses and is connected under the piston End.
Wherein:Leading truck is equipped between the cylinder body and piston rod, the piston rod is directed at leading truck by guide ring Interior, the piston rod is entered proximal to after passing through leading truck in the cavity of switch bracket.
Wherein:At least one sealing ring is equipped between the piston rod and leading truck.
Wherein:Also comprising gas vent, the gas vent is disposed proximate on switch bracket and is connected to across leading truck In shoe cream room.
By above structure it is found that the pressure compensation dress of the underwater apparatus pressure release detection of the present invention and the automatic repairing pressurize of energy It puts and has the following effects that:
First, there are two sealing leather bags for installation, and respectively positioned at piston both ends, one end forms closed fuel reserve tank with cylinder body, prevents Only fluid is revealed, and the other end seals entire piston structure, prevents exterior materials from penetrating into fluid, pollutes fluid, is had more preferable Sealing effect.
2nd, leading truck is provided with, ensures piston rod in external pressure change, guiding piston is transported along axis linear reciprocation It is dynamic, piston eccentric motion is avoided to sealing the abrasion of leather bag, while is ensured close to switch close to the opposite of unit and induction part Displacement, it is ensured that sensor can work normally.
3rd, piston rod is hollow circular tube structure, and built-in extension spring, piston rod is to spring with guide function, spring energy Oil pressure is consistently greater than the pressure of external environment enough in guarantee compensation system;Piston rod ensures that oil pressure acts on piston in oil storage side Area be less than hydraulic pressure and act on area on piston, oil pressure is made to be consistently greater than external water pressure.So as to ensure in transmission device Oil is only possible to outwardly leak, and is leaked into transmission device without external substance, and outside liquid is avoided to penetrate into transmission dress Put the damage to transmission device.
4th, sensor is arranged separately in close to switch in a closed chamber, avoids the work of other factors interference sensor. It is controlled by approach switch sensor, when realizing that pressure compensator leaks, the function of automatic repairing.It is close by monitoring The open and-shut mode of switch, can detection device whether oil leak.
5th, cylinder body is formed by three cylinders with screw-pressing, convenient for maintenance clean and replaces sealing.
6th, it is normally closed close to switching after the damage of transmission device mechanical oil seal, directly transmission device level pressure is protected by pumping plant Shield, avoids transmission device from damaging.
Therefore, the present apparatus can be realized and be consistently higher than outside by compensation device internal pressure with a kind of simple structure type Portion's pressure ensures normal operation of the transmission device under pressure change environment, while can detect whether transmission device oozes Leakage, and when it is leaked carry out fluid automatic compensation, ensure pressure compensator can normal operation, avoid transmission dress The damage put.
The detailed content of the present invention can be obtained by aftermentioned explanation and institute's attached drawing.
Description of the drawings
Fig. 1 shows the structure of the underwater apparatus pressure release detection of the present invention and the pressure compensator of the automatic repairing pressurize of energy Schematic diagram.
Fig. 2 shows the vertical view of Fig. 1;
Fig. 3 show A-A in Fig. 2 to sectional view;
Fig. 4 shows internal structure sectional view during repairing of the present invention (being closed close to switch).
Reference numeral:
1 is cylinder body, and 2 be piston, and 3 be sealing leather bag, and 4 be piston rod, and 5 be leading truck, and 6 be guide ring, and 7 be sealing ring, 8 It is close to unit sleeve for screw rod, 9,10 be close to switch, and 11 be close to switch bracket, and 12 be extension spring, and 13 be into fuel-displaced Hole, 14 be shoe cream room, and 15 be gas vent.
Specific embodiment
Referring to Fig. 1 to Fig. 4, it is shown that the pressure compensation of underwater apparatus pressure release detection of the invention and the automatic repairing pressurize of energy Device.
The underwater apparatus pressure release detection and can the pressure compensator of automatic repairing pressurize include cylinder body 1, piston 2, close Strip of paper used for sealing capsule 3, piston rod 4, close to unit sleeve 9, close to switch 10, close to switch bracket 11, extension spring 12 and shoe cream room 14, Wherein, the inside of the cylinder body 1 is formed hollow, and upper end is removably anchored on close to the lower end of switch bracket 11, described close Switch bracket 11 is equipped with to be connected to close in switch bracket 11 and slidably be set close to switch 10, piston 2 for hollow and middle part It is placed in cylinder body 1, the piston rod 4 is the hollow stem of up/down perforation, and lower end is sealedly attached to piston 2, and upper end sealing runs through Stretched into after cylinder body 1 it is described close in switch bracket 11, and the piston rod 4 stretch into close to the outer rim in switch bracket 11 be equipped with connect Nearly switch sleeve 9, the extension spring 12 are built in the hollow cavity of piston rod 4, and one end is connect with piston 2, the other end and It is connected close to the end of switch bracket 11, the top outer rim of the cylinder body 1 is equipped with into oil outlet 13,3 upper end of the sealing leather bag Openend be closely coupled to cylinder body 1, lower end is closely coupled to piston 2, wherein, it is described sealing leather bag 3 upper end position be located at Into the lower section of oil outlet 13, shoe cream room 14, the shoe cream room 14 are formed so as to seal leather bag 3, piston 2, cylinder body 1 and piston rod 4 To be communicated in the annular seal space into oil outlet 13.
The cylinder body 1 can be made of three cylinders combined closely, and three cylinders are anchored on by multiple screw rods 8 of periphery One, three cylinders include sequentially connected top cylinder, middle part cylinder and lower part cylinder, and described close to switch bracket 11 Lower end is equipped with connecting flange, and the connecting flange is anchored on cylinder body 1 also by the multiple screw rod 8, it is preferred that the sealing Leather bag 3 includes the first sealing leather bag and the second sealing leather bag, and the openend of the first sealing leather bag is pressed on the top of cylinder body 1 Between cylinder and middle part cylinder, lower end compresses the upper end for being connected to the piston 2, and the openend of the second sealing leather bag compresses Between the middle part cylinder of cylinder body 1 and lower part cylinder, lower end compresses the lower end for being connected to the piston 2, so as to be formed closely Sealing.
Wherein, the top of the cylinder body 1 is equipped with for 4 perforative through-hole of piston rod, and between the cylinder body 1 and piston rod 4 Equipped with leading truck 5, the piston rod 4 is directed at by guide ring 6 in leading truck 5, and the piston rod 4 passes through leading truck 5 laggard Enter close in the cavity of switch bracket 11, wherein, it is carried out between the piston rod 4 and leading truck 5 equipped at least one sealing ring 7 Sealing, the sealing ring 7 can be the y-type seal ring in 5 inboard wall groove of leading truck.
Wherein, the oil inlet and outlet 13 is connected with the fuel tank of external equipment, the oil inlet and outlet 13 may include oil inlet and Oil outlet, by being controlled close to the signal of switch 10, oil outlet is connected with by compensation transmission device for the opening and closing of the oil inlet.
Wherein, also comprising gas vent 15, the gas vent 15 is disposed proximate on 11 flange face of switch bracket and passes through lead To frame 5 to be connected in shoe cream room 14.
It is described as a result, to be mounted on close to switch close to switch bracket stage casing, it is formed completely close to unit sleeve with described Sensor unit, the lower end of the cylinder body 1 is opened to be connected with outside.
The course of work of the device of the invention is as follows:
In the equipment debugging stage, by fuel feed hole, into shoe cream room 14, injecting compensating is oily, passes through gas vent 15 and discharges oil storage The air of intracavitary is reached in piston 2 after cylinder base contacts mechanical position limitation with cylinder body end face, closing oil inlet, compensation device into Enter normal operating conditions, as shown in Figure 1.
Under state shown in Fig. 1, close to switch 10 in normally open, oil inlet be in normally off, compensation device and One confined space full of compensation oil is formed by compensation drive apparatus.When equipment enters underwater operation, with submergence depth Becoming larger, external water pressure becomes larger, and open end of the pressure through 1 lower part of cylinder body is directly acted on piston 2, and piston 2 moves up, Compression compensation oil, compensation oil pressure increase, after reaching pressure balance, piston stop motion, the compensated oil of external pressure is transmitted to By in compensation transmission device, the balance of external and internal pressure is realized;When equipment rises, external pressure reduces, and internal pressure is more than outer Portion's pressure compensates oil and piston is pushed to move down, and compensation oil volume becomes larger, and pressure reduces, and after reaching pressure balance, piston stops The balance of external and internal pressure is realized in movement.
It when leakage or leakage occur for compensation device or transmission device, compensates oily fluid volume and becomes smaller, piston 2 is to moving up It is dynamic, it drives piston rod 4 and is moved up close to unit sleeve 9, when leaking through more, covering is moved up close to switch sleeve 9 Close to the induction part of switch 10, become closed state close to switch 10 from normally open, oil inlet is opened, and fuel tank is filled for compensation Repairing is put, piston 2 is pushed to move down, drive piston rod 4 and is moved down close to unit sleeve 9, it is separate close to unit sleeve 9 Close to switch 10, when being completely disengaged close to unit sleeve 9 close to the induction part of switch 10, close to switch 10 by closed state Off-state is converted to, oil inlet is closed, and realizes the automatic repairing of compensation device.In the work progress of equipment, operating personnel Can always it be located close to switch by judging whether equipment transmission device occurs oil leakage phenomenon close to the folding condition of switch 10 When closed state, you can oil accident occurs for discovering device.
It when pressure compensator works normally, is off close to switch, oil inlet is in closed state, ensures to mend System is repaid as closed loop states, the piston drives piston rod and close to unit sleeve along piston rod in external pressure change The pressure compensation of transmission device is realized to straight reciprocating motion.
When permeability or oil leak occur for compensation device or transmission device, being hidden close to unit sleeve on piston driving piston rod Gear is closed close to after inductive switching part close to switch, and oil inlet is opened, and fuel tank is compensation device repairing, with compensation device The supplement of fuel reserve tank fluid pushes piston driving separate close to inductive switching part close to switch sleeve, when sleeve is not blocking It during induction part, is disconnected close to switch, oil inlet is closed, and realizes the automatic repairing function of pressure compensator.
Operating personnel can be judged by the folding condition monitored close to switch compensation device and transmission device whether oil leak, when When becoming normally off from normally open close to switch, you can infer that compensation device or transmission device have occurred for some reason Fluid is revealed, this leakage can not realize the oil pressure balance of system by automatic repairing function, need immediately to check device, Avoid accident.
It can be seen that the advantage of the invention is that:
First, there are two sealing leather bags for installation, and respectively positioned at piston both ends, one end forms closed fuel reserve tank with cylinder body, prevents Only fluid is revealed, and the other end seals entire piston structure, prevents exterior materials from penetrating into fluid, pollutes fluid, is had more preferable Sealing effect.
2nd, leading truck is provided with, ensures piston rod in external pressure change, guiding piston is transported along axis linear reciprocation It is dynamic, piston eccentric motion is avoided to sealing the abrasion of leather bag, while is ensured close to switch close to the opposite of unit and induction part Displacement, it is ensured that sensor can work normally.
3rd, piston rod is hollow circular tube structure, and built-in extension spring, piston rod is to spring with guide function, spring energy Oil pressure is consistently greater than the pressure of external environment enough in guarantee compensation system, ensures that the oil in transmission device is only possible to outwardly ooze Leakage, leaks into without external substance in transmission device, and outside liquid is avoided to penetrate into damage of the transmission device to transmission device It is bad.
4th, sensor is arranged separately in close to switch in a closed chamber, avoids the work of other factors interference sensor. It is controlled by approach switch sensor, when realizing that pressure compensator leaks, the function of automatic repairing.It is close by monitoring The open and-shut mode of switch, can detection device whether oil leak.
5th, cylinder body is formed by three cylinders with screw-pressing, convenient for maintenance clean and replaces sealing leather bag.
It is readily apparent that above description and record is only illustrated in the disclosure being not intended to be limiting of the invention Appearance, application or use.Although describing in embodiment and embodiment being described in the drawings, the present invention does not limit By attached drawing example and be described as in embodiment it is now recognized that optimal mode to implement the particular case of the teachings of the present invention Son, the scope of the present invention is by any embodiment of the description and appended claims including falling into front.

Claims (6)

1. a kind of underwater apparatus pressure release detection and the pressure compensator of the automatic repairing pressurize of energy, including cylinder body, piston, sealing skin Capsule, piston rod, close to unit sleeve, close to switch, close to switch bracket, extension spring and shoe cream room, it is characterised in that:
The cylinder body upper end is removably anchored on the lower end close to switch bracket, it is described close to switch bracket be hollow and middle part It is slidably arranged in cylinder body close to switch, piston equipped with being connected to close in switch bracket, the piston rod is upper and lower The hollow stem of perforation, lower end are sealedly attached to piston, upper end sealing stretched into after cylinder body it is described close in switch bracket, and The piston rod, which is stretched into, to be equipped with close to the outer rim in switch bracket close to switch sleeve, and the extension spring is built in piston rod In hollow cavity, one end is connect with piston, and the other end is connect with the end close to switch bracket, the top of the cylinder body be equipped with into Oil outlet, the openend of the sealing leather bag upper end are closely coupled to cylinder body, and lower end is closely coupled to piston, so as to seal skin Capsule, piston, cylinder body and piston rod form shoe cream room, and the shoe cream room is the annular seal space being communicated in into oil outlet.
2. underwater apparatus pressure release detection as described in claim 1 and the pressure compensator of the automatic repairing pressurize of energy, feature It is:The cylinder body is made of three cylinders combined closely, and three cylinders are anchored on one by multiple screw rods of periphery, and three A cylinder includes sequentially connected top cylinder, middle part cylinder and lower part cylinder.
3. underwater apparatus pressure release detection as claimed in claim 2 and the pressure compensator of the automatic repairing pressurize of energy, feature It is:The sealing leather bag includes the first sealing leather bag and the second sealing leather bag, and the openend of the first sealing leather bag compresses Between the top cylinder of cylinder body and middle part cylinder, lower end compresses the upper end for being connected to the piston, the second sealing leather bag Openend be pressed between the middle part cylinder of cylinder body and lower part cylinder, lower end, which compresses, is connected to the lower end of the piston.
4. underwater apparatus pressure release detection as described in claim 1 and the pressure compensator of the automatic repairing pressurize of energy, feature It is:Leading truck is equipped between the cylinder body and piston rod, the piston rod is directed at by guide ring in leading truck, the work Stopper rod is entered proximal to after passing through leading truck in the cavity of switch bracket.
5. underwater apparatus pressure release detection as claimed in claim 4 and the pressure compensator of the automatic repairing pressurize of energy, feature It is:At least one sealing ring is equipped between the piston rod and leading truck.
6. underwater apparatus pressure release detection as described in claim 1 and the pressure compensator of the automatic repairing pressurize of energy, feature It is:Also comprising gas vent, the gas vent is disposed proximate on switch bracket and is connected in shoe cream room across leading truck.
CN201810029132.5A 2018-01-12 2018-01-12 Pressure compensation device for pressure relief detection of underwater appliance and capable of automatically supplementing oil and maintaining pressure Active CN108131355B (en)

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CN114542688A (en) * 2022-01-26 2022-05-27 徐州徐工基础工程机械有限公司 Pressure maintaining compensation control system of transmission device
CN114868005A (en) * 2021-06-01 2022-08-05 中国矿业大学(北京) Pseudo triaxial pressure-maintaining loading device and method for performing pseudo triaxial pressure-maintaining loading experiment by using same

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