CN108130528A - A kind of surface laser cladding nickel-base alloy - Google Patents
A kind of surface laser cladding nickel-base alloy Download PDFInfo
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- CN108130528A CN108130528A CN201611091800.4A CN201611091800A CN108130528A CN 108130528 A CN108130528 A CN 108130528A CN 201611091800 A CN201611091800 A CN 201611091800A CN 108130528 A CN108130528 A CN 108130528A
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C22—METALLURGY; FERROUS OR NON-FERROUS ALLOYS; TREATMENT OF ALLOYS OR NON-FERROUS METALS
- C22C—ALLOYS
- C22C19/00—Alloys based on nickel or cobalt
- C22C19/03—Alloys based on nickel or cobalt based on nickel
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C23—COATING METALLIC MATERIAL; COATING MATERIAL WITH METALLIC MATERIAL; CHEMICAL SURFACE TREATMENT; DIFFUSION TREATMENT OF METALLIC MATERIAL; COATING BY VACUUM EVAPORATION, BY SPUTTERING, BY ION IMPLANTATION OR BY CHEMICAL VAPOUR DEPOSITION, IN GENERAL; INHIBITING CORROSION OF METALLIC MATERIAL OR INCRUSTATION IN GENERAL
- C23C—COATING METALLIC MATERIAL; COATING MATERIAL WITH METALLIC MATERIAL; SURFACE TREATMENT OF METALLIC MATERIAL BY DIFFUSION INTO THE SURFACE, BY CHEMICAL CONVERSION OR SUBSTITUTION; COATING BY VACUUM EVAPORATION, BY SPUTTERING, BY ION IMPLANTATION OR BY CHEMICAL VAPOUR DEPOSITION, IN GENERAL
- C23C24/00—Coating starting from inorganic powder
- C23C24/08—Coating starting from inorganic powder by application of heat or pressure and heat
- C23C24/10—Coating starting from inorganic powder by application of heat or pressure and heat with intermediate formation of a liquid phase in the layer
- C23C24/103—Coating with metallic material, i.e. metals or metal alloys, optionally comprising hard particles, e.g. oxides, carbides or nitrides
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Abstract
A kind of surface laser cladding nickel-base alloy is prepared for nickel-base alloy modified layer using laser melting and coating technique in 400 alloy surfaces of Monel.The result shows that the tissue of Monel alloy surface nickel-base alloy modified layers is mainly by γ Ni solid solution, multi-element eutectic body and some primary precipitated phase compositions.The laser irradiation technique of selection optimization carries out Laser Cladding Treatment, the excellent nickel-base alloy modified layer of availability, compared with 400 alloy base materials of Monel, the microhardness of the laser modified layer of nickel-base alloy is 7 times of matrix, friction coefficient is substantially reduced, and relative wear resistance improves 8.6 times.
Description
Technical field
The present invention relates to a kind of coated material more particularly to a kind of surface laser cladding nickel-base alloys.
Background technology
Monel (Monel) alloy is the ambrose alloy corrosion resistant alloy based on metallic nickel, and typical composition is 70%Ni and 30%
Cu because it has higher intensity and good corrosion resistance, is widely used in high-strength, high pressure and bears corrosive medium effect
Working condition.The fast development of modern industrial technology proposes the performance of Monel alloys harsher requirement.State at present
The interior Monel alloys due to technology of preparing etc., produced cannot fully meet the service demand of specific occasion, and
Inlet member is expensive, and such as 8#Whole monel metal plug valve import price is up to 3 × 104 dollars.Therefore in existing skill
Monel alloy surfaces are implemented to strengthen in art, there is important strategic importance and economic benefit with modification technology.
Laser melting coating is a kind of extremely extensive material surface modifying technology of application, is remarkably improved material hardness and resistance to
The multiple performances such as mill, corrosion-resistant.Nickel-base alloy modified layer, Ke Yigai are prepared in Monel alloy surfaces using laser melting and coating technique
The mechanical property of kind Monel alloys.
Invention content
The purpose of the invention is to improve the hardness of Monel400 alloys and wearability, devise a kind of surface laser and melt
Cover nickel-base alloy.
The technical solution adopted by the present invention to solve the technical problems is：
The raw material for preparing of surface laser cladding nickel-base alloy includes：Basis material be Monel400 alloys, chemical composition (quality
Score, %) it is C0.3, Si0.5, Fe2.0, Mn1.5, Cu34.0, Ni is surplus.Specimen size is 140mm × 60mm × 10mm.
Laser cladding of material is the Co-based alloy powder voluntarily prepared, and average particle size is 90 μm, and technical purity, substrate sample is through No. 600
SiC abrasive paper for metallograph is polished, and is then cleaned and dried.
The preparation process of surface laser cladding nickel-base alloy is：A thin layer thermal boundary is prepared in Monel alloy surfaces first to apply
Layer, then carries out Laser Cladding Treatment.Laser cladding of material using binding agent be modulated into paste be equably preset at it is preprocessed
Matrix specimen surface, preset alloy powder thickness is 1.2mm, through 120 DEG C after naturally dry, 2h drying.Using TFL-6000
Type crossing current CO2It laser machines complete set of equipments and carries out Laser Cladding Treatment, select the laser irradiation technique parameter of optimization, output power
For 4kW, sweep speed 10mm/s, broadband rectangular light spot size is 10mm × 1mm, and cladding process is without gas shield.
The detecting step of surface laser cladding nickel-base alloy is：It takes and grinds metallographic perpendicular to laser beam flying direction cross section
Sample uses 30mLHCl+10mLHNO3Sample surfaces are carved in corrosive agent corruption.Utilize S-3400N scanning electron microscope and energy spectrometer analysis laser
Modified layer microstructure morphology and ingredient, with the phase structure of XRD-7000 types X-ray diffractometer analysis coating.Using HVS-
1000 microhardness testers testing coating section microhardnesses, load 1.96N, load time 10s.Friction-wear test uses
The vertical omnipotent friction wear testing machine of MMW-1 types is pin-mill damage to mill form, and the upper secondary pin stick of friction is Monel400 alloys
Base material and end carry out two groups of laser modified samples, and pin stick size is 4.8mm × 12.7mm.The lower secondary mill of friction is
Monel400 alloys, size are 31.7mm × 11mm.Pin and panel surface are polished and are cleaned through No. 1000 abrasive paper for metallograph.Friction mill
Damage test parameters is normal load 100N, and to mill speed 400r/min, wearing- in period 4min, every group of experiment is 3 samples
The average value of product.Using electronic data acquisition system, draw the relation curve of friction coefficient and sliding distance, with sensing amount for ±
10-4The assay balance of g weighs the front and rear quality of sample abrasion and calculates wear extent and relative wear resistance.
The surface laser cladding nickel-base alloy is prepared for nickel using laser melting and coating process in Monel400 alloy surfaces
Based alloy modified layer, coating and matrix are in metallurgical binding, the defects of pore-free, crackle.
The surface laser cladding nickel-base alloy, cladding layer mainly by γ-Ni solid solution, multi-element eutectic body and are come into being
Carbon, boron compound hard phase composition, alloying area are plane crystalline substance and columanar structure, and cladding area is dendrite and eutectic structure.
The surface laser cladding nickel-base alloy, the average microhardness of nickel-base alloy modified layer is up to 8.65GPa, phase
8.6 times are improved to wearability, modified layer has higher hardness and good wear-resisting property.
The beneficial effects of the invention are as follows：
Monel alloy surfaces are handled using laser melting and coating technique, the excellent nickel-base alloy modified layer of availability.With
Monel400 alloy base materials are compared, and the microhardness of the laser modified layer of nickel-base alloy is 7 times of matrix, and friction coefficient significantly drops
Low, relative wear resistance improves 8.6 times.
Specific embodiment
Case study on implementation 1：
The raw material for preparing of surface laser cladding nickel-base alloy includes：Basis material be Monel400 alloys, chemical composition (quality
Score, %) it is C0.3, Si0.5, Fe2.0, Mn1.5, Cu34.0, Ni is surplus.Specimen size is 140mm × 60mm × 10mm.
Laser cladding of material is the Co-based alloy powder voluntarily prepared, and average particle size is 90 μm, and technical purity, substrate sample is through No. 600
SiC abrasive paper for metallograph is polished, and is then cleaned and dried.The preparation process of surface laser cladding nickel-base alloy is：First in Monel alloys
Surface prepares a thin layer thermal barrier coating, then carries out Laser Cladding Treatment.Laser cladding of material is modulated into paste using binding agent
Equably it is preset at pretreated matrix specimen surface, preset alloy powder thickness is 1.2mm, through 120 DEG C after naturally dry,
2h is dried.Using TFL-6000 types crossing current CO2It laser machines complete set of equipments and carries out Laser Cladding Treatment, select the laser spoke of optimization
According to technological parameter, output power 4kW, sweep speed 10mm/s, broadband rectangular light spot size is 10mm × 1mm, cladding
Cheng Wuxu gas shields.The detecting step of surface laser cladding nickel-base alloy is：It takes perpendicular to laser beam flying direction cross section
Metallographic sample is ground, uses 30mLHCl+10mLHNO3Sample surfaces are carved in corrosive agent corruption.Utilize S-3400N scanning electron microscope and energy disperse spectroscopy
Laser modified layer microstructure morphology and ingredient are analyzed, with the phase structure of XRD-7000 types X-ray diffractometer analysis coating.It adopts
With HVS-1000 microhardness testers testing coatings section microhardness, load 1.96N, load time 10s.Fretting wear tries
It tests using the vertical omnipotent friction wear testing machine of MMW-1 types, is pin-mill damage to mill form, the upper secondary pin stick of friction is
Monel400 alloy base materials and end carry out two groups of laser modified samples, and pin stick size is 4.8mm × 12.7mm.Lower friction is secondary
Mill is Monel400 alloys, and size is 31.7mm × 11mm.Pin and panel surface are polished and are cleaned through No. 1000 abrasive paper for metallograph.
Friction-wear test parameter is normal load 100N, and to mill speed 400r/min, wearing- in period 4min, every group of experiment be
The average value of 3 samples.Using electronic data acquisition system, the relation curve of friction coefficient and sliding distance is drawn, with sensing
Measure is ± 10-4The assay balance of g weighs the front and rear quality of sample abrasion and calculates wear extent and relative wear resistance.
Case study on implementation 2：
The defects of modified layer even tissue is fine and close, pore-free crackle.Laser cladding layer is by cladding area, combined area and heat affected area 3
A white band parallel with interface is presented in a region composition, wherein alloying area.The microscopic structure of cladding layer is tiny tree
Dendrite, dendrite are smaller than 4 μm, and interdendritic is had also appeared a large amount of block-like nascent inside modified layer there are a small amount of eutectic structure
Phase.Energy spectrum analysis shows that nickel in branch, chromium content (atomic fraction, %) are respectively 31.92 and 42.41, interdendritic structure region
Rich in Cr and C element.Illustrate that dendritic region is mainly made of the chromium of γ-Ni solid solution and high-content.In eutectic regions in addition to
Outside containing a large amount of Ni elements, also containing elements such as a small amount of Si, Fe, Cr, Mo.The content of carbon, boron, chromium in block-like primary phase
(atomic fraction, %) is respectively 20.81,51.88,25.73, therefore can assert that primary precipitated is mutually chromium carbide and chromium boronation
Close object.The tissue topography in alloying area is mainly made of bottom plane crystalline substance and the column crystal of top oriented growth.Monel alloys
Matrix affects the crystal habit in alloying area with constitutional supercooling in laser molten pool.The starting stage of laser melting coating, molten bath bottom
Larger with substrate temperature gradient, under the flash heat transfer chilling action of matrix, the bottom in molten bath is first begin to crystallize, and crystallizes
Speed and constitutional supercooling very little, crystalline structure, with plane crystal type epitaxial growth, form one layer very thin of planar knot from matrix
Crystal, macro manifestations are white band.Since the direction of growth of crystal and the direction of heat dissipation are on the contrary, and the heat of interface is mainly
It is transmitted by matrix, so crystal growth direction, which can be observed, in experiment is approximately perpendicular to interface.With the progress of crystallization process,
The very thin thermal barrier coatings in bath temperature decline, substrate temperature raising, while interface can be avoided due to the larger heat conduction of Monel alloys
Rate causes temperature gradient to decline.Constitutional supercooling increases at this time, and crystal habit changes to columnar dendrite.Due to the heat of coating top
Amount can be shed by the coating solidified or carry out heat exchange with extraneous by surface, and interface forward position constitutional supercooling degree is very
Greatly, the unconspicuous dendrite morphology of directionality is ultimately formed.Energy spectrum analysis is carried out to interface cohesion area and shows that Fe is contained in combined area,
The elements such as Ni, wherein Fe elements are higher than its content in the middle part of laser modified layer, and the content of Ni elements then reduces, and illustrates combined area
It is metallurgical binding between modified layer and matrix for the mixed zone of cladding material and basis material.
Case study on implementation 3：
Nickel-base alloy modified layer is mainly by the γ-Ni, Ni of solid solution state3B, Ni3Fe and a small amount of Ni3Si is formed, in addition with boronation
Object (CrB) and carbide (Cr7C3, Cr23C6).The diffraction peak intensity of γ-Ni and it is sharp, and other diffraction peak intensities are relatively low and mutual
Overlapping, the crystal structure this is mainly due to carbide is more complicated, caused by interplanar distance is larger and content is less.
Case study on implementation 4：
Laser modified layer microhardness average value is 8.65GPa, is 7 times of Monel400 alloy base material hardness, in floating coat
Maximum hardness is up to 9.34GPa.The hardness of laser modified layer is apparently higher than Monel400 alloy substrates, is on the one hand cladding area mistake
The solution strengthening effect of saturation γ-Ni solid solution, on the other hand due to Ni3B, Ni3Si, Ni3The borides such as Fe and intermetallic
Object generate dispersion-strengthened action, in addition the cooling velocity of laser melting coating be exceedingly fast, microstructure of surface cladding layer small and dispersed, produce significantly
Refined crystalline strengthening.It also found that there are the platforms that a hardness is about 4.8GPa near interface in hardness profile, this is to lean on
The matrix region of nearly cladding layer is after laser treatment caused by quenching hardening.Monel alloy base materials and laser modified layer are carried out
Pin-on-disc friction wear is tested.Monel400 alloys come off since surfacing fragmentates and are acted on and generated by alternate stress
Fatigue, showing as deeper ditch dug with a plow, the peeling hole of bulk and serious micro- cutting, worn area becomes rougher.It wears
Mechanism is mainly fatigue fracture, abrasive wear and adhesion tear.Laser modified layer shows typical ditch dug with a plow feature, polishing scratch it is narrow and
Shallow, key wear failure mode is abrasive wear.In wear process, the chromium-rich phase abrasive grain of hard is slided from the very high surface of plasticity
It crosses, generate ditch dug with a plow and material is pushed to both sides, while produce processing hardening on surface.
Case study on implementation 5：
Layer laser modified before and after specific wear and Monel400 alloy base materials mass change are found, the weight loss of Monel400 alloys
Reach 45.5mg, and laser cladding layer wear weight loss amount is only 5.3mg.The nickel-base alloy modified layer relative wear resistance compared with base material
Improve 8.6 times.Monel alloy surfaces prepare Ni-based laser modified layer and are remarkably improved its wear-resisting property, and this is mainly due to swash
Light modified layer forms good metallurgical binding, while Cr in modified layer with matrix7C3Have with the hard phases such as CrB higher hard
Degree, plays dispersion-strengthened action, and tiny arborescent structure makes modified layer matrix have good toughness, reduces reinforced phase and exist
Peeling in wear process.The average value of Monel alloy frictions is 0.883, and nickel-base alloy modified layer friction coefficient is put down
Mean value is 0.558, and the friction coefficient numerical value of laser modified layer and the fluctuation of curve are smaller.This is because Ni-based modified layer is uniform
Carbon, boron compound hard phase are dispersed with, so as to improve the wear-resisting property of cladding layer and uniformity.And Monel alloys are being worn
In the process, surface easily forms adhesion and peels off, and roughness increases, and leads to friction coefficient fluctuation increase.
Claims (4)
1. a kind of surface laser cladding nickel-base alloy, prepares raw material and includes：Basis material be 400 alloys of Monel, chemistry into
It is C0.3, Si0.5, Fe2.0 to divide (mass fraction, %), and Mn1.5, Cu34.0, Ni is surplus, and specimen size is 140mm × 60mm
× 10mm, laser cladding of material are the Co-based alloy powder voluntarily prepared, and average particle size is 90 μm, technical purity, substrate sample
It polishes through No. 600 SiC abrasive paper for metallograph, is then cleaned and dried.
2. surface laser cladding nickel-base alloy according to claim 1, it is characterized in that surface laser cladding nickel-base alloy
Preparation process is：A thin layer thermal barrier coating is prepared in Monel alloy surfaces first, then carries out Laser Cladding Treatment, laser melts
It covers material paste is modulated into using binding agent and be equably preset at pretreated matrix specimen surface, preset alloy powder thickness
For 1.2mm, through 120 DEG C after naturally dry, 2h drying is flow over CO using TFL-6000 types2Laser Processing complete set of equipments is swashed
Light cladding is handled, and selects the laser irradiation technique parameter of optimization, output power 4kW, sweep speed 10mm/s, broadband rectangle
Spot size is 10mm × 1mm, and cladding process is without gas shield.
3. surface laser cladding nickel-base alloy according to claim 1, it is characterized in that surface laser cladding nickel-base alloy
Detecting step is：It takes and grinds metallographic sample perpendicular to laser beam flying direction cross section, use 30mLHCl+10mLHNO3Corrosive agent
Sample surfaces are carved in corruption, using S-3400N scanning electron microscope and the laser modified layer microstructure morphology of energy spectrometer analysis and ingredient, are used
XRD-7000 types X-ray diffractometer analyzes the phase structure of coating, is shown using HVS-1000 microhardness testers testing coatings section
Microhardness, load 1.96N, load time 10s, friction-wear test use the vertical omnipotent friction-wear test of MMW-1 types
Machine is pin-mill damage to mill form, and the upper secondary pin stick of friction carries out laser modified two for 400 alloy base materials of Monel and end
Group sample, pin stick size are 4.8mm × 12.7mm, and the lower secondary mill of friction is 400 alloys of Monel, size for 31.7mm ×
11mm, pin and panel surface are polished and are cleaned through No. 1000 abrasive paper for metallograph, and friction-wear test parameter is normal load 100N, right
Mill speed 400r/min, wearing- in period 4min, average value of the every group of experiment for 3 samples, using electronic data acquisition
System draws the relation curve of friction coefficient and sliding distance, is ± 10 with sensing amount-4The assay balance of g weighs sample abrasion
Front and rear quality simultaneously calculates wear extent and relative wear resistance.
4. surface laser cladding nickel-base alloy according to claim 1, it is characterized in that the surface laser cladding is Ni-based
Alloy is prepared for nickel-base alloy modified layer using laser melting and coating process in 400 alloy surfaces of Monel, and coating is with matrix in metallurgy
With reference to the defects of pore-free, crackle, the surface laser cladding nickel-base alloy, cladding layer is mainly by γ-Ni solid solution, more
First eutectic and nascent carbon, boron compound hard phase composition, alloying area are branch for plane crystalline substance and columanar structure, cladding area
Brilliant and eutectic structure, the surface laser cladding nickel-base alloy, the average microhardness of nickel-base alloy modified layer are reachable
8.65GPa, relative wear resistance improve 8.6 times, and modified layer has higher hardness and good wear-resisting property, is melted using laser
Coating technique handles Monel alloy surfaces, the excellent nickel-base alloy modified layer of availability, with 400 alloys of Monel
Base material is compared, and the microhardness of the laser modified layer of nickel-base alloy is 7 times of matrix, and friction coefficient is substantially reduced, relative wear resistance
Improve 8.6 times.
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| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
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| CN201611091800.4A CN108130528A (en) | 2016-12-01 | 2016-12-01 | A kind of surface laser cladding nickel-base alloy |
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| CN201611091800.4A CN108130528A (en) | 2016-12-01 | 2016-12-01 | A kind of surface laser cladding nickel-base alloy |
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Cited By (2)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN109518103A (en) * | 2018-12-28 | 2019-03-26 | 武汉大学 | A method of Nitinol refrigeration efficiency is improved than, service life and temperature stability |
| CN111496472A (en) * | 2020-04-08 | 2020-08-07 | 无锡易通精密机械股份有限公司 | Surface smoothness treatment processing technology for bearing ring production |
-
2016
- 2016-12-01 CN CN201611091800.4A patent/CN108130528A/en active Pending
Cited By (2)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN109518103A (en) * | 2018-12-28 | 2019-03-26 | 武汉大学 | A method of Nitinol refrigeration efficiency is improved than, service life and temperature stability |
| CN111496472A (en) * | 2020-04-08 | 2020-08-07 | 无锡易通精密机械股份有限公司 | Surface smoothness treatment processing technology for bearing ring production |
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Application publication date: 20180608 |