CN108124813A - A kind of mariculture water treatment system - Google Patents
A kind of mariculture water treatment system Download PDFInfo
- Publication number
- CN108124813A CN108124813A CN201611091391.8A CN201611091391A CN108124813A CN 108124813 A CN108124813 A CN 108124813A CN 201611091391 A CN201611091391 A CN 201611091391A CN 108124813 A CN108124813 A CN 108124813A
- Authority
- CN
- China
- Prior art keywords
- water
- tank
- mariculture
- pipe
- value
- Prior art date
- Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
- Withdrawn
Links
- XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N water Substances O XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 title claims abstract description 160
- 238000009364 mariculture Methods 0.000 title claims abstract description 23
- 230000001105 regulatory effect Effects 0.000 claims abstract description 14
- 238000009360 aquaculture Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 10
- 244000144974 aquaculture Species 0.000 claims abstract description 10
- QVGXLLKOCUKJST-UHFFFAOYSA-N atomic oxygen Chemical compound [O] QVGXLLKOCUKJST-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims abstract description 4
- 229910052760 oxygen Inorganic materials 0.000 claims abstract description 4
- 239000001301 oxygen Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 4
- OKTJSMMVPCPJKN-UHFFFAOYSA-N Carbon Chemical compound [C] OKTJSMMVPCPJKN-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 12
- 239000013505 freshwater Substances 0.000 claims description 7
- 239000012267 brine Substances 0.000 claims description 6
- HPALAKNZSZLMCH-UHFFFAOYSA-M sodium;chloride;hydrate Chemical compound O.[Na+].[Cl-] HPALAKNZSZLMCH-UHFFFAOYSA-M 0.000 claims description 6
- 238000001914 filtration Methods 0.000 claims description 5
- 239000003795 chemical substances by application Substances 0.000 claims description 3
- 230000007423 decrease Effects 0.000 claims description 3
- 230000014759 maintenance of location Effects 0.000 claims 1
- 150000003839 salts Chemical group 0.000 claims 1
- 238000003860 storage Methods 0.000 claims 1
- 230000004083 survival effect Effects 0.000 abstract description 2
- 238000000605 extraction Methods 0.000 abstract 1
- 239000000523 sample Substances 0.000 description 4
- 239000013535 sea water Substances 0.000 description 3
- 238000005276 aerator Methods 0.000 description 2
- 230000006872 improvement Effects 0.000 description 2
- 230000004048 modification Effects 0.000 description 2
- 238000012986 modification Methods 0.000 description 2
- 230000001133 acceleration Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000009286 beneficial effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000008859 change Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000003749 cleanliness Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000010586 diagram Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000009313 farming Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000008569 process Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000002699 waste material Substances 0.000 description 1
Classifications
-
- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A01—AGRICULTURE; FORESTRY; ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; HUNTING; TRAPPING; FISHING
- A01K—ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; AVICULTURE; APICULTURE; PISCICULTURE; FISHING; REARING OR BREEDING ANIMALS, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; NEW BREEDS OF ANIMALS
- A01K63/00—Receptacles for live fish, e.g. aquaria; Terraria
- A01K63/04—Arrangements for treating water specially adapted to receptacles for live fish
-
- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A01—AGRICULTURE; FORESTRY; ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; HUNTING; TRAPPING; FISHING
- A01K—ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; AVICULTURE; APICULTURE; PISCICULTURE; FISHING; REARING OR BREEDING ANIMALS, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; NEW BREEDS OF ANIMALS
- A01K63/00—Receptacles for live fish, e.g. aquaria; Terraria
- A01K63/04—Arrangements for treating water specially adapted to receptacles for live fish
- A01K63/042—Introducing gases into the water, e.g. aerators, air pumps
-
- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A01—AGRICULTURE; FORESTRY; ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; HUNTING; TRAPPING; FISHING
- A01K—ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; AVICULTURE; APICULTURE; PISCICULTURE; FISHING; REARING OR BREEDING ANIMALS, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; NEW BREEDS OF ANIMALS
- A01K63/00—Receptacles for live fish, e.g. aquaria; Terraria
- A01K63/04—Arrangements for treating water specially adapted to receptacles for live fish
- A01K63/045—Filters for aquaria
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C02—TREATMENT OF WATER, WASTE WATER, SEWAGE, OR SLUDGE
- C02F—TREATMENT OF WATER, WASTE WATER, SEWAGE, OR SLUDGE
- C02F9/00—Multistage treatment of water, waste water or sewage
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C02—TREATMENT OF WATER, WASTE WATER, SEWAGE, OR SLUDGE
- C02F—TREATMENT OF WATER, WASTE WATER, SEWAGE, OR SLUDGE
- C02F1/00—Treatment of water, waste water, or sewage
- C02F1/001—Processes for the treatment of water whereby the filtration technique is of importance
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C02—TREATMENT OF WATER, WASTE WATER, SEWAGE, OR SLUDGE
- C02F—TREATMENT OF WATER, WASTE WATER, SEWAGE, OR SLUDGE
- C02F1/00—Treatment of water, waste water, or sewage
- C02F1/28—Treatment of water, waste water, or sewage by sorption
- C02F1/283—Treatment of water, waste water, or sewage by sorption using coal, charred products, or inorganic mixtures containing them
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C02—TREATMENT OF WATER, WASTE WATER, SEWAGE, OR SLUDGE
- C02F—TREATMENT OF WATER, WASTE WATER, SEWAGE, OR SLUDGE
- C02F1/00—Treatment of water, waste water, or sewage
- C02F1/66—Treatment of water, waste water, or sewage by neutralisation; pH adjustment
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C02—TREATMENT OF WATER, WASTE WATER, SEWAGE, OR SLUDGE
- C02F—TREATMENT OF WATER, WASTE WATER, SEWAGE, OR SLUDGE
- C02F2209/00—Controlling or monitoring parameters in water treatment
- C02F2209/05—Conductivity or salinity
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C02—TREATMENT OF WATER, WASTE WATER, SEWAGE, OR SLUDGE
- C02F—TREATMENT OF WATER, WASTE WATER, SEWAGE, OR SLUDGE
- C02F2209/00—Controlling or monitoring parameters in water treatment
- C02F2209/06—Controlling or monitoring parameters in water treatment pH
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C02—TREATMENT OF WATER, WASTE WATER, SEWAGE, OR SLUDGE
- C02F—TREATMENT OF WATER, WASTE WATER, SEWAGE, OR SLUDGE
- C02F2209/00—Controlling or monitoring parameters in water treatment
- C02F2209/22—O2
Landscapes
- Life Sciences & Earth Sciences (AREA)
- Environmental Sciences (AREA)
- Marine Sciences & Fisheries (AREA)
- Animal Husbandry (AREA)
- Biodiversity & Conservation Biology (AREA)
- Hydrology & Water Resources (AREA)
- Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Environmental & Geological Engineering (AREA)
- Water Supply & Treatment (AREA)
- Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
- Organic Chemistry (AREA)
- Farming Of Fish And Shellfish (AREA)
Abstract
The invention discloses a kind of mariculture water treatment systems, the mariculture water treatment system includes cistern, water pipe, water pump, water tank and aquaculture pond, and the water pipe, the purified device of water in water pump extraction cistern, water tank, salinity regulating device, PH regulating devices are handled in laggard aquaculture pond.The system of the present invention, by adjusting the pH value suitable for mariculture, salinity, is improved the oxygen content of water quality, builds the water quality suitable for marine organisms existence, improve the survival rate of mariculture using stage purifying device.
Description
Technical field
The invention belongs to mariculture technical fields, and in particular to a kind of mariculture water treatment system.
Background technology
With the exhaustion of marine fishery resources, the sea-farming scale in China increasingly expands, and pond culture is mariculture
A kind of mode, seawater generally first introduced cistern by pond culture, is needed with being extracted again from cistern during water.Mariculture pair
Water quality requirement is extremely stringent, and the quality of water quality is largely fixed the survival rate and growth speed of cultivation.With China's urbanization
The acceleration of process and industrialized development, the various influences for filling out extra large problem and trade waste to ocean lead to the water quality of seawater
By different degrees of pollution, the cleanliness factor of seawater, pH value is made all to produce variation, and pond culture very dense, in water
The demand of oxygen is big, can all cause the batch for cultivating marine products dead if wherein there is one to be unsatisfactory for condition.
Invention content
Present invention aim to address the above problems, provide a kind of mariculture water treatment system.
The purpose of the present invention is accomplished by the following way:
A kind of mariculture water treatment system, including cistern, water pipe, water pump, water tank and aquaculture pond, the water pipe, water pump
The purified device of water in cistern, water tank, salinity regulating device, PH regulating devices are extracted into aquaculture pond.
Further, water pipe is connected in the cistern, and water pipe is connect with No. 1 water pump, water is pumped by No. 1 water pump
Water is pumped into No. 2 water tanks by No. 1 water tank, water receiving pipe in No. 1 water tank by No. 2 water pumps, and water receiving pipe in No. 2 water tanks leads to
It crosses No. 3 water pumps and water is pumped into aquaculture pond.
Further, the purifier is primary filtration network and activated charcoal strainer, and the primary filtration network is connected to
On water pipe between cistern and No. 1 water pump, the activated charcoal strainer is connected on the water pipe of No. 1 water pump and No. 1 water tank.
Further, the salinity regulating device is brine tank and fresh water tank, and brine tank and fresh water tank are connected to water respectively
Pipe, water pipe are connected with flow control valve, are connect by water pipe with No. 1 water tank with the water pipe of No. 2 pump houses.
Further, the PH regulating devices increase and decrease agent to adjust pH value using pH value, are divided into liter pH value tank and drop PH
It is worth tank, rises pH value tank and drop pH value tank is connected to water pipe respectively, water pipe is connected with flow control valve, passes through water pipe and No. 1 water tank
It is connect with the water pipe of No. 2 pump houses.
Further, No. 1 water tank and No. 2 water tanks are designed with pH value detecting head and salinity detecting head.
Further, No. 2 water tanks are equipped with aerator.
Further, the system further includes middle control computer, and the operating of whole system is controlled by middle control computer.
When water is pumped into water tank, salinity probe and pH value probe measure the salinity and pH value of water quality, and be sent to first
It is shown in and controls on computer, the data that the probe of No. 1 water tank measures are initial measured value, the probe measure of No. 2 water tanks
Data are end value, need the flow valve opened by initial value selection, and adjusting flow valve by end value controls flow.Middle control
Member selects to open control flow valve by data, adjusts salinity and pH value, makes it toward the water of marine breeds suitable for being cultivated
Qualitative change.Fresh water tank flow valve is opened when salinity is high, brine tank flow valve is opened when low;Drop pH value tank flow is opened when pH value is high
Valve is opened when pH value is low and rises pH value tank flow valve.
The beneficial effects of the invention are as follows:The system of the present invention is using stage purifying device, by adjusting suitable for mariculture
PH value, salinity, improve the oxygen content of water quality, build the water quality suitable for marine organisms existence, improve surviving for mariculture
Rate.
Description of the drawings
Fig. 1 is the structural diagram of the present invention.
Specific embodiment
With reference to embodiment, the present invention is further described.
As shown in Fig. 1, a kind of mariculture water treatment system, including cistern 1, water pipe 2, water pump 4, water tank 6 and
Aquaculture pond 16, the water pipe 2, water pump 4 extract the purified device of water, water tank 6, salinity regulating device, PH tune in cistern 1
Regulating device is into aquaculture pond 16.
Water pipe 2 is connected in the cistern 1, water pipe 2 is connect with No. 1 water pump 4, and water is pumped into No. 1 by No. 1 water pump 4
Water is pumped into 13, No. 2 water tanks 13 of No. 2 water tanks by No. 2 water pumps 12 and is inscribed by water receiving pipe 2 in 6, No. 1 water tank 6 of water tank
Water is pumped into aquaculture pond 16 by water pipe 2 by No. 3 water pumps 15.
The purifier is primary filtration network 3 and activated charcoal strainer 5, and the primary filtration network 3 is connected to cistern 1
On water pipe 2 between No. 1 water pump 4, the activated charcoal strainer 5 is connected on the water pipe 2 of No. 1 water pump 4 and No. 1 water tank 6.
The salinity regulating device is brine tank 7 and fresh water tank 8, and brine tank 7 and fresh water tank 8 are connected to water pipe 2, water respectively
Pipe 2 is connected with flow control valve 9, is connect by water pipe 2 with No. 1 water tank 6 with the water pipe of No. 2 pump houses.
The PH regulating devices increase and decrease agent to adjust pH value using pH value, are divided into liter pH value tank and drop pH value tank, rise PH
Value tank and drop pH value tank are connected to water pipe respectively, and water pipe is connected with flow control valve, passes through water pipe and No. 1 water tank and No. 2 water pumps
Water pipe 2 between 12 connects.
No. 1 water tank 6 and No. 2 water tanks 13 is designed with pH value detecting head and salinity detecting head.
No. 2 water tanks 13 are equipped with aerator 14.
The system further includes middle control computer 17, and the operating of whole system is controlled by middle control computer 17.
This embodiment is only the preferred embodiment of the present invention, it is noted that for the ordinary skill people of the art
For member, without departing from the technical principles of the invention, several improvement and modification, these improvements and modifications can also be made
Also it should be regarded as protection scope of the present invention.
Claims (8)
1. a kind of mariculture water treatment system, including cistern, water pipe, water pump, water tank and aquaculture pond, which is characterized in that
The water pipe, water pump extract the purified device of water in cistern, water tank, salinity regulating device, PH regulating devices into cultivation
Chi Zhong.
2. mariculture water treatment system according to claim 1, which is characterized in that water pipe is connected in the cistern,
Water pipe is connect with No. 1 water pump, water is pumped into No. 1 water tank by No. 1 water pump, water receiving pipe in No. 1 water tank passes through No. 2 water pumps
Water is pumped into No. 2 water tanks, water is pumped into aquaculture pond by water receiving pipe in No. 2 water tanks by No. 3 water pumps.
3. mariculture water treatment system according to claim 1, which is characterized in that the purifier is primary filter
Net and activated charcoal strainer, the primary filtration network are connected on the water pipe between cistern and No. 1 water pump, the activated carbon
Filter screen is connected on the water pipe of No. 1 water pump and No. 1 water tank.
4. mariculture water treatment system according to claim 1, which is characterized in that the salinity regulating device is salt
Water pot and fresh water tank, brine tank and fresh water tank are connected to water pipe respectively, and water pipe is connected with flow control valve, are stored up by water pipe and No. 1
Water tank is connect with the water pipe of No. 2 pump houses.
5. mariculture water treatment system according to claim 1, which is characterized in that the PH regulating devices use PH
Value increases and decreases agent to adjust pH value, is divided into liter pH value tank and drop pH value tank, rises pH value tank and drop pH value tank is connected to water pipe, water pipe respectively
Flow control valve is connected with, is connect by water pipe with No. 1 water tank with the water pipe of No. 2 pump houses.
6. mariculture water treatment system according to claim 1, which is characterized in that No. 1 water tank and No. 2 storages
Water tank is designed with pH value detecting head and salinity detecting head.
7. mariculture water treatment system according to claim 1, which is characterized in that No. 2 water tanks, which are equipped with, to be increased
Oxygen machine.
8. according to claim 1-7 any one of them mariculture water treatment systems, which is characterized in that the system is also wrapped
Middle control computer is included, the operating of whole system is controlled by middle control computer.
Priority Applications (1)
Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
---|---|---|---|
CN201611091391.8A CN108124813A (en) | 2016-12-01 | 2016-12-01 | A kind of mariculture water treatment system |
Applications Claiming Priority (1)
Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
---|---|---|---|
CN201611091391.8A CN108124813A (en) | 2016-12-01 | 2016-12-01 | A kind of mariculture water treatment system |
Publications (1)
Publication Number | Publication Date |
---|---|
CN108124813A true CN108124813A (en) | 2018-06-08 |
Family
ID=62387688
Family Applications (1)
Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
---|---|---|---|
CN201611091391.8A Withdrawn CN108124813A (en) | 2016-12-01 | 2016-12-01 | A kind of mariculture water treatment system |
Country Status (1)
Country | Link |
---|---|
CN (1) | CN108124813A (en) |
Cited By (3)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
CN110651752A (en) * | 2019-10-09 | 2020-01-07 | 广州自然传奇生态环境科技有限公司 | Water quality circulating purification and oxygen supply device for aquaculture pond |
CN112591935A (en) * | 2020-12-11 | 2021-04-02 | 正大汉鼎现代农业科技有限公司 | Water treatment system and method for shrimp larva breeding |
CN113545313A (en) * | 2021-08-11 | 2021-10-26 | 中国水产科学研究院渔业机械仪器研究所 | Salinity regulation and control method and system for circulating water culture and domestication of aquatic animals |
Citations (10)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
CN201160426Y (en) * | 2008-02-15 | 2008-12-10 | 张景春 | Mossback cultivation apparatus |
CN102092834A (en) * | 2010-11-23 | 2011-06-15 | 中国水产科学研究院渔业机械仪器研究所 | Automatic alkali-adding device for aquaculture pond |
CN201938213U (en) * | 2010-11-11 | 2011-08-24 | 中国水产科学研究院黑龙江水产研究所 | Fish recirculating aquaculture acidity-alkalinity adjusting device |
CN202551895U (en) * | 2012-03-31 | 2012-11-28 | 中国水产科学研究院东海水产研究所 | Water intake device for artificial breeding of sea crabs |
CN103792875A (en) * | 2014-01-27 | 2014-05-14 | 洛阳理工学院 | PLC fuzzy self-adaptive seawater salinity test device and control method thereof |
CN203761830U (en) * | 2014-03-25 | 2014-08-13 | 南京农业大学 | Intelligent greenhouse soilless cultivation fertilizer water irrigation system |
BR102012031655A2 (en) * | 2012-12-12 | 2014-10-21 | Univ Sao Paulo | AUTOMATIC WATER PH CONTROL AND PERFORMANCE SYSTEM |
CN104663548A (en) * | 2015-03-10 | 2015-06-03 | 海南文昌利洋对虾繁育有限公司 | Breeding loop |
CN105660514A (en) * | 2015-12-31 | 2016-06-15 | 姜衍礼 | Closed-type industrialized aquaculture circulating water and intelligent temperature control system and method |
CN205511718U (en) * | 2016-04-20 | 2016-08-31 | 周颖 | High -efficient circulation purifier of aquaculture |
-
2016
- 2016-12-01 CN CN201611091391.8A patent/CN108124813A/en not_active Withdrawn
Patent Citations (10)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
CN201160426Y (en) * | 2008-02-15 | 2008-12-10 | 张景春 | Mossback cultivation apparatus |
CN201938213U (en) * | 2010-11-11 | 2011-08-24 | 中国水产科学研究院黑龙江水产研究所 | Fish recirculating aquaculture acidity-alkalinity adjusting device |
CN102092834A (en) * | 2010-11-23 | 2011-06-15 | 中国水产科学研究院渔业机械仪器研究所 | Automatic alkali-adding device for aquaculture pond |
CN202551895U (en) * | 2012-03-31 | 2012-11-28 | 中国水产科学研究院东海水产研究所 | Water intake device for artificial breeding of sea crabs |
BR102012031655A2 (en) * | 2012-12-12 | 2014-10-21 | Univ Sao Paulo | AUTOMATIC WATER PH CONTROL AND PERFORMANCE SYSTEM |
CN103792875A (en) * | 2014-01-27 | 2014-05-14 | 洛阳理工学院 | PLC fuzzy self-adaptive seawater salinity test device and control method thereof |
CN203761830U (en) * | 2014-03-25 | 2014-08-13 | 南京农业大学 | Intelligent greenhouse soilless cultivation fertilizer water irrigation system |
CN104663548A (en) * | 2015-03-10 | 2015-06-03 | 海南文昌利洋对虾繁育有限公司 | Breeding loop |
CN105660514A (en) * | 2015-12-31 | 2016-06-15 | 姜衍礼 | Closed-type industrialized aquaculture circulating water and intelligent temperature control system and method |
CN205511718U (en) * | 2016-04-20 | 2016-08-31 | 周颖 | High -efficient circulation purifier of aquaculture |
Cited By (3)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
CN110651752A (en) * | 2019-10-09 | 2020-01-07 | 广州自然传奇生态环境科技有限公司 | Water quality circulating purification and oxygen supply device for aquaculture pond |
CN112591935A (en) * | 2020-12-11 | 2021-04-02 | 正大汉鼎现代农业科技有限公司 | Water treatment system and method for shrimp larva breeding |
CN113545313A (en) * | 2021-08-11 | 2021-10-26 | 中国水产科学研究院渔业机械仪器研究所 | Salinity regulation and control method and system for circulating water culture and domestication of aquatic animals |
Similar Documents
Publication | Publication Date | Title |
---|---|---|
CN202335234U (en) | Automatic nutrient liquid preparing and irrigating system | |
CN204569936U (en) | A kind of small-sized fermentation tank group system | |
CN105210970B (en) | The fish culture apparatus that a kind of water salinity can be automatically controlled and be adjusted | |
CN108124813A (en) | A kind of mariculture water treatment system | |
CN105494225A (en) | Indoor recirculating aquaculture system | |
CN108552100A (en) | Taimen industrial circulating water cultivating system | |
CN205018094U (en) | Aquaculture system | |
CN206641209U (en) | A kind of intensive crab cultivation device | |
CN206491173U (en) | A kind of intelligent Fish pond ecosystem | |
CN207411263U (en) | A kind of highly effective oxygen dissolving system for water cultivation | |
CN204860613U (en) | A salinity automatic control device for aquaculture | |
CN205511718U (en) | High -efficient circulation purifier of aquaculture | |
CN104012456A (en) | Water circulation system for fish fry culture pond | |
CN205305742U (en) | Indoor circulation recirculating aquaculture system | |
CN209489327U (en) | The pearl culture pond of industrial aquaculture | |
CN211482488U (en) | Saline and alkaline land rice shrimp circulation ecological farming systems | |
CN204335583U (en) | Giant salamander basement breeding facility | |
CN211510276U (en) | Fish and vegetable symbiotic nitrification balance adjusting system | |
CN104365525A (en) | Fishpond capable of being used for breeding of deep-water fishes on water surface | |
CN210419579U (en) | Seawater raw water treatment system for prawn seedling culture | |
CN211020566U (en) | Container formula circulation aquaculture system | |
CN103482756B (en) | A kind of aerating apparatus of biological sewage treating pond | |
CN206994120U (en) | The circulating purifying device of Scortum barcoo | |
CN206472659U (en) | A kind of fry opening breeding apparatus | |
CN218473927U (en) | Intelligent high-density culture system |
Legal Events
Date | Code | Title | Description |
---|---|---|---|
PB01 | Publication | ||
PB01 | Publication | ||
SE01 | Entry into force of request for substantive examination | ||
SE01 | Entry into force of request for substantive examination | ||
WW01 | Invention patent application withdrawn after publication |
Application publication date: 20180608 |
|
WW01 | Invention patent application withdrawn after publication |